Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	7e15
authors	Kvan, Thomas
year	1997
title	Chips, chunks and sauces
source	International Journal of Design Computing, 1, 1997 (Editorial)
summary	I am sure there is an art in balancing the chunks to use with your chips. Then there is the sauce that envelops them both. I like my chips chunky and not too saucy. Not that I am obsessed with food but I don't think you can consider design computing without chunks. It's the sauce I'm not sure about.The chunks of which I write are not of course those in your salsa picante but those postulated by Chase and Simon (1973) reflecting on good chess players; the chunks of knowledge with which an expert tackles a problem in their domain of expertise. The more knowledge an expert has of complex and large configurations of typical problem situations (configurations of chess pieces), the greater range of solutions the expert can bring a wider to a particular problem. Those with more chunks have more options and arrive at better solutions. In other words, good designs come from having plenty of big chunks available. There has been a wealth of research in the field of computer-supported collaborative work in the contexts of writing, office management, software design and policy bodies. It is typically divided between systems which support decision making (GDSS: group decision support systems) and those which facilitate joint work (CSCW: computer-based systems for co-operative work) (see Dennis et al. (1988) for a discussion of the distinctions and their likely convergence). Most implementations in the world of design have been on CSCW systems, few have looked at trying to make a group design decision support system (GDDSS?). Most of the work in CSCD has been grounded in the heritage of situated cognition - the assumption that collaborative design is an act that is intrinsically grounded in the context within which it is carried out, that is, the sauce in which we find ourselves swimming daily. By sauce, therefore, I am referring to anything that is not knowledge in the domain of expertise, such as modes of interaction, gestures, social behaviours.
series	journal paper
email	tkvan@arch.hku.hk
last changed	2003/05/15 08:29

_id	4904
authors	Lapre, L. and Hudson, P.
year	1988
title	Talking about Design: Supporting the Design Process with Different Goals
source	CAAD futures ‘87 [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-444-42916-6] Eindhoven (The Netherlands), 20-22 May 1987, pp. 127-136
summary	The architectural design process has more than one participant. Each participant has his own way of approaching the information embedded in a design. In the future the CAAD systems of these participants must be able to communicate and exchange information. For a communication of this kind there must be a common ground, a frame of reference, in which these different points of view can be expressed. This frame of reference or model must support participants accessing the same information with different objectives and for different purposes. We shall propose such a model based on research results obtained by the analysis of architectural knowledge and designs. The model incorporates certain aspects drawn from AI.
series	CAAD Futures
last changed	1999/04/03 15:58

_id	8fb2
id	8fb2
authors	McCall, Raymond, Bennett, Patrick and Johnson, Erik
year	1994
title	An Overview of the PHIDIAS II HyperCAD System
source	Reconnecting [ACADIA Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-03-9] Washington University (Saint Louis / USA) 1994, pp. 63-74
summary	The PHIDIAS II HyperCAD system combines the functionality of CAD graphics, hypermedia, database management and knowledge-based computation in a single, highly integrated design environment. The CAD functionality includes both 3-D and 2-D vector graphics. The hypermedia includes support for text, raster images, video and sound. The database management enables persistent storage and interlinking of large collections of text, images, video, sound and vector graphics, i.e., thousands of vector graphic objects and drawings in a single database. Retrieval is provided both through use of "associative indexing" based on hyperlinks and through use of an advanced query language. The knowledge- based computation includes both inference and knowledgebased critiquing. A highly unusual feature of PHIDIAS II is that it implements all of its functions using only hypermedia mechanisms. Complex vector graphic drawings and objects are represented as composite hypermedia nodes. Inference and critiquing are implemented through use of what are known as virtual structures [Halasz 1988], including virtual links and virtual nodes. These nodes and links are dynamic (computed) rather than static (constant). They are defined as expressions in the same language used for queries and are computed at display time. The implementation of different kinds of functions using a common set of mechanisms makes it easy to use them in combination, thus further augmenting the system's functionality. PHIDIAS supports design by informing architects as they develop a solution's form. The idea is thus not to make the design process faster or cheaper but rather to improve the quality of the things designed. We believe that architects can create better buildings for their users if they have better information. This includes information about buildings of given types, user populations, historical and modern precedents, local site and climate conditions, the urban and natural context and its historical development, as well as local, state and federal regulations.
series	ACADIA
last changed	2004/03/18 08:34

_id	2a6e
authors	McCullough, Malcolm
year	1988
title	Representation in the Computer Aided Design Studio
source	Computing in Design Education [ACADIA Conference Proceedings] Ann Arbor (Michigan / USA) 28-30 October 1988, pp. 163-174
summary	Application of commercial computer aided design systems to schematic design in a studio setting in a professionally oriented university provides the opportunity for observation of extensive use of CAD by designers with little or no orientation toward computing. Within a framework of studios intended to contrast media and highlight the issue of design representation, the most encouraging applications of computing have involved dynamic visual design representation. This paper presents a case study of three studios at the University of Texas at Austin together with commentary on the place of computing in this essentially artistic environment. It presents, in slide form, a body of aesthetically oriented CAD work which signals the spread of computer aided design out of the hands of researchers and into mainstream architectural design, where development of the visual and dynamic aspects of the medium may prove to be primary routes to improvement of itS power and acceptance. Much like a first design project, this paper then presents a lot of observations without yet much rigorous development of any one. It asks implicitly whether application of software constitutes research.
series	ACADIA
email	mmmc@umich.edu
last changed	2003/05/16 17:23

_id	4901
authors	McIntosh, John F.
year	1988
title	The ASU Strategic Plan For Computing Support
source	Computing in Design Education [ACADIA Conference Proceedings] Ann Arbor (Michigan / USA) 28-30 October 1988, pp. 301-310
summary	Our College has spent approximately one hundred thousand dollars per year on computing over the last five years. This paper, which developed out of a University-wide strategic planning exercise, speaks to the question: What are we getting for all that money? The background to this large planning exercise is sketched, the goals of our computing support plan are stated, the strategies aimed at achieving these goals are explained, and the observed outcomes from implementing these strategies are listed. In evaluating the plan, this paper argues the position that a computer culture must take hold within the College before computer-aided design will have a truly profound effect upon pedagogy. Operationally, this means that every faculty member must have a personal computer and that every student must have free access to a microcomputer facility. Only then does the whole College adopt the new culture. The fiscal commitment is high, but there are payoffs in of fice automation that justify the investment even in the short-term. Trivial as it seems, wordprocessing is the first step in seeding this culture. These short term payoffs help make the case for investing in the promise of long-term payoffs in superior design through computer aids.
series	ACADIA
email	john.mcintosh@asu.edu
last changed	2003/05/16 17:23

_id	cb88
authors	Novak, Marcos J.
year	1988
title	Computational Composition in Architecture
source	Computing in Design Education [ACADIA Conference Proceedings] Ann Arbor (Michigan / USA) 28-30 October 1988, pp. 5-30
summary	The impact of computers on architectural design, manifested through the creation of architectural designs that equal or surpass in quality and sophistication architecture generated using traditional means, has yet to be demonstrated. Computer-aided design is conspicuously absent from theoretical discussions of architectural design per se, and there exist no major built or published buildings that have been designed using the computer in a true design capacity. Most prominent architects continue to ignore computer-aided design. This paper argues that the issues of architectural theory and composition must be addressed directly by the computer-aided design field, and that until this occurs computer-aided architectural design will necessarily be peripheral to architecture because it does not address the central problems of architecture as an expressive medium. To this end, it proposes a shift to the paradigm of computational composition, and discusses recent work in this direction. The paper is divided into four parts. Part I identifies fundamental theoretical problems, contrasts the application of computation to architecture and to music, and draws upon several different areas for insight into the nature of making; Part II reviews particular architectural implications of these considerations, introduces the concept of computational composition in architecture, and presents a brief overview of important precedents; Part III proposes new goals for computer-aided architectural design and presents a framework for computational composition; finally, Part IV presents recent work directly related to the ideas presented in the previous parts and leads to the Conclusion. The appendices contain a pseudo-Prolog expression of Alvar Aalto's architectural language and notes on features of the PADL-2 solid modeler that are architecturally interesting.
series	ACADIA
email	marcos@centrifuge.org
last changed	2003/05/16 17:23

_id	20aa
authors	Pekny, J. F. and Miller, D.L.
year	1988
title	Results from a Parallel Branch and Bound Algorithm for the Asymmetric Traveling Salesman Problem
source	[1], 8, [6] p. : tables Pittsburgh, PA: Engineering Design Research Center, CMU, 1988. EDRC-06-42-88. includes bibliography
summary	Computational results are presented for a parallel branch- and-bound algorithm that optimally solves the asymmetric traveling salesman problem. Results are presented for randomly generated problems with sizes ranging from 250 to 3000 cities
keywords	search, parallel processing, algorithms, branch-and-bound
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 11:58

_id	6c93
authors	Rehg, J., Elfes, A. and Talukdar, S.N. (et al)
year	1988
title	CASE : Computer-Aided Simultaneous Engineering
source	13 p. : ill
summary	Pittsburgh, PA: Engineering Design Research Center, CMU, 1988. EDRC 05-22-88. This paper presents a new system for computer-aided mechanical design known as CASE, which stands for Computer- Aided Simultaneous Engineering. CASE was developed to support mechanical design at the project level, and serve as a means of integrating into the design process concerns from other parts of the lifecycle of a product. CASE is composed of an integrated framework of synthesis, analysis, and translation programs, and is designed to serve as a testbed for research in representation, problem-solving, and systems integration for computer-aided mechanical design. A prototype version of CASE has been applied to the domain of window regulator design, and is capable of automatically synthesizing regulators to meet a set of specifications and performing tolerance and stress analysis on developing designs
keywords	representation, problem solving, constraints, reasoning, mechanical engineering
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 12:42

_id	0e42
authors	Rouse, W., Geddes, N. and Curry, R.
year	1998
title	An Architecture for Intelligent Interfaces: Outline of an Approach to Supporting Operators of Complex Systems Articles
source	Human-Computer Interaction 1987-1988 v.3 n.2 pp. 87-122
summary	The conceptual design of a comprehensive support system for operators of complex systems is presented. Key functions within the support system architecture include information management, error monitoring, and adaptive aiding. One of the central knowledge sources underlying this functionality is an operator model that involves a combination of algorithmic and symbolic models for assessing and predicting an operator's activities, awareness, intentions, resources, and performance. Functional block diagrams are presented for the overall architecture as well as the key elements within this architecture. A variety of difficult design issues are discussed, and ongoing efforts aimed at resolving these issues are noted.
series	other
last changed	2002/07/07 14:01

_id	47e7
authors	Segal, Mark and Sequin, Carlo H.
year	1988
title	PARTITIONING POLYHEDRAL OBJECTS INTO NONINTERSECTING PARTS
source	IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications. January, 1988. vol. 8: pp. 53-67 : ill. some col. includes bibliography
summary	The article describes an algorithm for partitioning intersecting polyhedrons into disjoint pieces and, more generally, removing intersections from sets of planar polygons embedded in three space. Polygons, or faces, need not be convex and may contain multiple holes. Intersections are removed by considering pairs of faces and slicing the faces apart along their regions of intersection. To reduce the number of face pairs examined, bounding boxes around groups of faces are checked for overlap. The intersection algorithm also computes set theoretic operations on polyhedrons. Information gathered during face cutting is used to determine which portions of the original boundaries may be present in the result of an intersection, a union, or a difference of solids. The method includes provisions to detect, and in some cases overcome, the effects of numerical inaccuracy on the topological decisions that the algorithm must make. The regions in which ambiguous results are possible are flagged so that the user can take appropriate action.
keywords	geometric modeling, computer graphics, objects, programming, hidden surfaces, hidden lines, business, practice, systems, user interface, UNIX
series	CADline
type	normal paper
last changed	2005/10/05 05:39

_id	fc80
authors	Ubbelohde, S. and Humann, C.
year	1998
title	Comparative Evaluation of Four Daylighting Software Programs
source	1998 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings Proceedings. American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy
summary	By the mid-1980's, a number of software packages were under development to predict daylighting performance in buildings, in particular illumination levels in daylighted spaces. An evaluation in 1988 by Ubbelohde et al. demonstrated that none of the software then available was capable of predicting the simplest of real daylighting designs. In the last ten years computer capabilities have evolved rapidly and we have four major packages widely available in the United States. This paper presents a comparative evaluation from the perspective of building and daylighting design practice. A contemporary building completed in 1993 was used as a base case for evaluation. We present the results from field measurements, software predictions and physical modeling as a basis for discussing the capabilities of the software packages in architectural design practice. We found the current software packages far more powerful and nuanced in their ability to predict daylight than previously. Some can accurately predict quantitative daylight performance under varying sky conditions and produce handsome and accurate visualizations of the space. The programs differ significantly, however, in their ease of use, modeling basis and the emphasis between quantitative predictions and visualization in the output.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 13:50

_id	2d0b
authors	Wagter, H.
year	1988
title	CAD-Techniques in Architecture and Building Design, a Realistic Overview
source	CAAD futures ‘87 [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-444-42916-6] Eindhoven (The Netherlands), 20-22 May 1987, pp. 7-14
summary	Giving an overview on CAD-techniques in architecture and building design might seem a bit superfluous. Every mentioned subject will be worked out in this conference in much more detail than is possible in the context of this very first paper. Nevertheless it will be useful to sketch a framework. It gives an opportunity to participants to compare, and will help to judge the different influences of the conclusions in the right context. For the authors it might mean that they can fill in their own place, and that their introductions can be short so there will be more time available for in depth explanations. It must be stated that CAAD-Futures theme is at the design part of the building process as mentioned in its announcement "it takes stock of current developments in CAAD and attempts to anticipate the direction of future developments and their relevance to and impact on architectural practice and education, the building industry and the quality of the built environment".
series	CAAD Futures
email	Harry.Wagter@brighthouse.nl
last changed	2003/05/16 18:58

_id	0dff
authors	Woodbury, Robert F., Fenves, Stephen J. and Baker, Nelson C. (et al)
year	1988
title	Geometric Reasoning in Computer Integrated Building Construction
source	Robotics in Construction, International Symposium (5th : 1988 : Tokyo, Japan). pp. 115-124 : ill. includes bibliography
summary	Geometric reasoning, the integration of geometric representation and inference in advanced computer systems, is presented as an issue at the forefront of research in construction automation. The unique demands that construction automation poses on such reasoning are discussed. An architecture that provides a structure for geometric reasoning is presented and results from a prototype implementation are shown. A project to develop geometric reasoning in the construction domain of panelized building systems is introduced. Within this project, two exemplary applications, structural/architectural design and construction sequence planning, each supported by the same geometric reasoning facility, are being demonstrated
keywords	geometry, reasoning, representation, inference, construction, automation, applications, architecture, engineering
series	CADline
email	rob_woodbury@sfu.ca
last changed	2003/06/02 11:58

_id	8c9e
authors	Zohar, Ruth and Shaviv, Edna
year	1988
title	A Decision-Making Model for Optimizing Solar Retrofit : Solar Vis-A-Vis Conservation
source	1988? pp. [5] : ill. : tables. includes bibliography
summary	A decision making model for selecting the optimal or quasi optimal solar retrofit design solutions for low-income residential buildings is presented. The model can serve the architect as a tool and provide guidance on how to improve the building's thermal performance during the different design stages. The model allows him to consider the contribution of energy conservation solutions vis-a-vis solar energy gains solutions based on accumulating knowledge of design precedents. It also allows the use of different strategies for searching the solutions that best fits the different design stages. The sensitivity of the suggested decision making model was checked and satisfactory results obtained
keywords	decision making, energy, architecture, optimization, conservation, simulation, precedents, knowledge
series	CADline
email	arredna@techunix.technion.ac.il
last changed	2003/06/02 08:24

_id	88cb
authors	Gero, John S. and Oksala, Tarkko (editors)
year	1988
title	Knowledge-Based Systems in Architecture
source	TIPS'88 - Knowledge Based Design in Architecture, Acta Polytechnica Scandinavica (1988 : Helsinki, Finland). 143 p. 1989
summary	The technology of knowledge-based systems can be found in texts on artificial intelligence. There is very little published so far on knowledge-based systems in architecture. To this end an international conference -- TIPS' 88: Knowledge-Based Design in Architecture -- was organized for August 1988 in Finland. Thirteen papers from that conference have been selected and edited for this monograph. They are grouped under five parts: Introduction; Schemas and Models; Processes and Knowledge; Modeling Buildings; and Creativity and Knowledge-Based Systems
keywords	knowledge base, architecture, representation, expert systems,building, creativity
series	CADline
email	john@arch.usyd.edu.au
last changed	2003/06/02 11:58

_id	ijac20053406
id	ijac20053406
authors	Kvan, Thomas
year	2005
title	Professor Tsuyoshi Sasada 1941-2005
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 3 - no. 4, 519-526
summary	Tsuyoshi Sasada, known as Tee to so many of us, died on 30 September 2005 at the age of 64 after a long illness.Tee retired from Osaka University in 2004 upon reaching the mandatory retirement age but retained his association as Emeritus Professor.At the time of his death he held appointments as Honorary Professor, National Chiao Tung University (Taiwan) and Expert Researcher, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology. He had been with Osaka University since 1970, having earned his bachelor, master and doctoral degrees at Kyoto University. In 1988 he was appointed Professor in Osaka and established his laboratory, known as the Sasada Lab, from which over 200 students have graduated.
series	journal
email	t.kvan@arch.usyd.edu.au
more	http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/mscp/ijac/2006/00000004/00000001/art00002
last changed	2007/03/04 06:08

_id	e8bb
authors	Lehto, M.
year	1988
title	Optical Discs - Their Application in Mass Data Storage
source	CAAD futures ‘87 [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-444-42916-6] Eindhoven (The Netherlands), 20-22 May 1987, pp. 189-198
summary	Much of the building designer's time is taken up correlating the various sources of information so as to incorporate it in the design within a limited time span. The building information service should be able to provide him or her by the up-to-date information in a user friendly format. Optical disc technology makes it possible to combine different forms of building data into images which can be mass stored and randomly accessed on a single disc, with the minimal response time by personal computer or CAD- workstation. In this paper the use of various forms of optical disc technology in construction industry and the prototype video disc produced by VTT are described.
keywords	Construction, Optical Discs, Interactive Video Disc, Mass Storage
series	CAAD Futures
last changed	1999/04/03 15:58

_id	1447
authors	Meyer, B.
year	1988
title	Object Oriented Software Construction
source	Prentice-Hall, Englewood-Cliff NJ
summary	Object-Oriented Software Construction, second edition is the comprehensive reference on all aspects of object technology, from design principles to O-O techniques, Design by Contract, O-O analysis, concurrency, persistence, abstract data types and many more. Written by a pioneer in the field, contains an in-depth analysis of both methodological and technical issues.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 13:14

_id	c568
authors	Balachandran, M.B. and John S. Gero
year	1987
title	A Model for Knowledge Based Graphical Interfaces
source	AI '87: Proceedings of the Australian Joint Artificial Intelligence Conference. 1987. pp. 505-521. Also published in Artificial Intelligence Developments and Applications edited by J. S. Gero and R Stanton, North-Holland Pub. 1988. -- CADLINE has abstract only.
summary	This paper describes a model for knowledge-based graphical interface which incorporates a variety of knowledge of the domain of application. The key issues considered include graphics interpretation, extraction of features of graphics objects and identification of prototype objects. The role of such knowledge-based interfaces in computer-aided design is discussed. A prototype system developed in Prolog and C is described and its application in the domain of structural engineering is demonstrated
keywords	user interface, computer graphics, knowledge base, systems, civil engineering, structures
series	CADline
email	john@arch.usyd.edu.au
last changed	2003/06/02 11:58

_id	887e
authors	Belajcic, N. D.
year	1988
title	Computer Implementation of Shape Grammars
source	Department of Architectural Science, University of Sydney
summary	An approach is taken that shape grammars can be used as a possible vehicle for automated design generation. Historical background of shape grammars is discussed with emphasis on vocabulary/syntax aspect of the design process and significance of class solutions to problems. Similarities with expert system mechanics and structure is highlighted and advantages and disadvantages of rule-based and frame-based systems are considered. These concepts are implemented in a computer program written in LISP employing icon driven graphic interface with tools for creating shapes and rules. Finally, problems associated with adopted reasoning strategies are reported and areas of further development and improvement suggested. [UNPUBLISHED. CADLINE has abstract only]
keywords	Shape Grammars, Design Process
series	thesis:MSc
last changed	2002/12/14 18:10

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