CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id de61
authors Guzmán, Adolfo
year 1969
title Computer recognition of three-dimensional objects in a visual scene
source Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture
summary Methods are presented (1) to partition or decompose a visual scene into the bodies forming it; (2) to position these bodies in three-dimensional space, by combining two scenes that make a stereoscopic pair; (3) to find the regions or zones of a visual scene that belong to its background; (4) to carry out the isolation of objects in (1) when the input has inaccuracies. Running computer programs implement the methods, and many examples illustrate their behavior. The input is a two-dimensional line-drawing of the scene, assumed to contain three-dimensional bodies possessing flat faces (polyhedra); some of them may be partially occluded. Suggestions are made for extending the work to curved objects. Some comparisons are made with human visual perception. The main conclusion is that it is possible to separate a picture or scene into the constituent objects exclusively on the basis of monocular geometric properties (on the basis of pure form); in fact, successful methods are shown.
series thesis:PhD
email
more ftp://publications.ai.mit.edu/ai-publications/pdf/AITR-228.pdf
last changed 2003/02/26 22:31

_id 06e1
authors Keul, Alexander
year 1996
title LOST IN SPACE? ARCHITECTURAL PSYCHOLOGY - PAST, PRESENT, FUTURE
source Full-Scale Modeling in the Age of Virtual Reality [6th EFA-Conference Proceedings]
summary A methodological review by Kaminski (1995) summed up five perspectives in environmental psychology - patterns of spatial distribution, everyday “jigsaw puzzles”, functional everyday action systems, sociocultural change and evolution of competence. Architectural psychology (named so at the Strathclyde conference 1969; Canter, 1973) as psychology of built environments is one leg of environmental psychology, the second one being psychology of environmental protection. Architectural psychology has come of age and passed its 25th birthday. Thus, a triangulation of its position, especially in Central Europe, seems interesting and necessary. A recent survey mainly on university projects in German-speaking countries (Kruse & Trimpin, 1995) found a marked decrease of studies in psychology of built environments. 1994, 25% of all projects were reported in this category, which in 1975 had made up 40% (Kruse, 1975). Guenther, in an unpublished survey of BDP (association of professional German psychologists) members, encountered only a handful active in architectural psychology - mostly part-time, not full-time. 1996, Austria has two full-time university specialists. The discrepancy between the general interest displayed by planners and a still low institutionalization is noticeable.

How is the research situation? Using several standard research data banks, the author collected articles and book(chapter)s on architectural psychology in German- and English-language countries from 1990 to 1996. Studies on main architecture-psychology interface problems such as user needs, housing quality evaluations, participatory planning and spatial simulation / virtual reality did not outline an “old, settled” discipline, but rather the sketchy, random surface of a field “always starting anew”. E.g., discussions at the 1995 EAEA-Conference showed that several architectural simulation studies since 1973 caused no major impact on planner's opinions (Keul&Martens, 1996). “Re-inventions of the wheel” are caused by a lack of meetings (except this one!) and of interdisciplinary infrastructure in German-language countries (contrary to Sweden or the United States). Social pressures building up on architecture nowadays by inter-European competition, budget cuts and citizen activities for informed consent in most urban projects are a new challenge for planners to cooperate efficiently with social scientists. At Salzburg, the author currently manages the Corporate Design-process for the Chamber of Architecture, Division for Upper Austria and Salzburg. A “working group for architectural psychology” (Keul-Martens-Maderthaner) has been active since 1994.

keywords Model Simulation, Real Environments
series EAEA
type normal paper
email
more http://info.tuwien.ac.at/efa/
last changed 2005/09/09 10:43

_id eaea2005_151
id eaea2005_151
authors Ohno, Ruyzo
year 2006
title Seat preference in public squares and distribution of the surrounding people: An examination of the validity of using visual simulation
source Motion, E-Motion and Urban Space [Proceedings of the 7th European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN-10: 3-00-019070-8 - ISBN-13: 978-3-00-019070-4], pp. 151-163
summary Public squares are shared by people who use them for various purposes. When people choose seats in a square, they unconsciously evaluate not only the physical characteristics of the space but also the distribution of others already present (Hall, 1966; Sommer, 1969; Whyte, 1988). Knowing the hidden rules of this behaviour will be important in designing squares that remain comfortable even in crowded situations. Most past studies of seat choice preference have reported on statistical tendencies derived from observations of subject behavior in actually existing sites (i.e., Abe, 1997; Imai, 1999; Kawamoto, 2003). However, they provide no clear theoretical model for explaining the basic mechanisms regulating such behaviour. The present study conducts a series of experiments in both real and virtual settings in order to extract quantitative relationships between subjects’ seat preferences and the presence of nearby strangers and to clarify what factors influence their seat choices.
series EAEA
type normal paper
email
more http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed 2008/04/29 20:46

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