Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

PDF papers
References

Hits 1 to 18 of 18

Reformat results as: short short into frame detailed detailed into frame

_id	sigradi2009_1044
id	sigradi2009_1044
authors	Cruz, Débora Melo; Gabriela Celani
year	2009
title	A influência de Frank Lloyd Wright sobre João Batista Vilanova Artigas – uma análise formal [The Influence of Frank Lloyd Wright on João Batista Vilanova Artigas - A Formal Analysis]
source	SIGraDi 2009 - Proceedings of the 13th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, Sao Paulo, Brazil, November 16-18, 2009
summary	This study intends to propose a new use of the shape grammar: verify the influence of a certain architect’s language over another architect’s language. Some Brazilian modern architecture critics suggest the existence of an influence of Wright’s prairie houses over Artigas’ early work, but the methods used to reach to this conclusion are always empirical and not very objective. The present work aims to confirm this influence in a more rational manner, comparing Wright’s prairie houses grammar developed by Koning and Eizenberg (1981) to Artigas’ first phase grammar that will developed in this work.
keywords	Gramática da forma; F. L. Wright; J. V. Artigas
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:49

_id	2f1a
authors	Dabney, M.K., Wright, J.C. and Sanders, D.H.
year	1999
title	Virtual Reality and the Future of Publishing Archaeological Excavations: the multimedia publication of the prehistoric settlement on Tsoungiza at Ancient Nemea
source	New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art
summary	The Nemea Valley Archaeological Project is a study of settlement and land use in a regional valley system in Greece extending from the Upper Paleolithic until the present. Active field research was conducted by four teams between 1981 and 1990. The first component was a regional archaeological survey. Second, and closely related to the first, was a social anthropological study of modern settlement and land use. Next was a team assigned to excavate the succession of prehistoric settlements of Ancient Nemea on Tsoungiza. Last, historical ecologists, a palynologist, and a geologist formed the environmental component of the research. As a result of advances in electronic publishing, plans for the final publication of the Nemea Valley Archaeological Project have evolved. Complete publication of the excavation of the prehistoric settlements of Ancient Nemea on Tsoungiza will appear in an interactive multimedia format on CD/DVD in Fall 2000. This project is planned to be the first electronic publication of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens. We have chosen to publish in electronic format because it will meet the needs and interests of a wider audience, including avocational archaeologists, advanced high school and college students, graduate students, and professional archaeologists. The multimedia format on CD/DVD will permit the inclusion of text, databases, color and black-and-white images, two and three-dimensional graphics, and videos. This publication is being developed in cooperation with Learning Sites, Inc., which specializes in interactive three-dimensional reconstructions of ancient worlds http://www.learningsites.com. The Nemea Valley Archaeological Project is particularly well prepared for the shift towards electronic publishing because the project's field records were designed for and entered in computer databases from the inception of the project. Attention to recording precise locational information for all excavated objects enables us to place reconstructions of objects in their reconstructed architectural settings. Three-dimensional images of architectural remains and associated features will appear both as excavated and as reconstructed. Viewers will be able to navigate these images through the use of virtual reality. Viewers will also be able to reference all original drawings, photographs, and descriptions of the reconstructed architecture and objects. In this way a large audience will be able to view architectural remains, artifacts, and information that are otherwise inaccessible.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	e56f
authors	Milne, Murry, Liggett, Robin S. and Campbell, Carol-Lynn (et al)
year	1981
title	An Interactive Computer Graphic Daylighting Design Tool
source	1981? pp. 99-103: graphs. includes bibliography
summary	A fast simple interactive computer program which plots daylight curves has been developed for hands-on use by architects at the beginning of the design process. It calculates daylight illuminations levels using the well known IES/LOF method. The most important feature of the program is its friendly interface, which means that designers with no computer literacy can easily describe their building and quickly progress through as many design modifications as desired. The program is self-instructional, giving first-time users a demonstration of its various features, then inviting them to go back and put their own building. The program is written in FORTRAN IV and runs on Tektronix storage tube graphics terminal
keywords	evaluation, analysis, algorithms, computer graphics, lighting, user interface
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	a6f1
authors	Bridges, A.H.
year	1986
title	Any Progress in Systematic Design?
source	Computer-Aided Architectural Design Futures [CAAD Futures Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-408-05300-3] Delft (The Netherlands), 18-19 September 1985, pp. 5-15
summary	In order to discuss this question it is necessary to reflect awhile on design methods in general. The usual categorization discusses 'generations' of design methods, but Levy (1981) proposes an alternative approach. He identifies five paradigm shifts during the course of the twentieth century which have influenced design methods debate. The first paradigm shift was achieved by 1920, when concern with industrial arts could be seen to have replaced concern with craftsmanship. The second shift, occurring in the early 1930s, resulted in the conception of a design profession. The third happened in the 1950s, when the design methods debate emerged; the fourth took place around 1970 and saw the establishment of 'design research'. Now, in the 1980s, we are going through the fifth paradigm shift, associated with the adoption of a holistic approach to design theory and with the emergence of the concept of design ideology. A major point in Levy's paper was the observation that most of these paradigm shifts were associated with radical social reforms or political upheavals. For instance, we may associate concern about public participation with the 1970s shift and the possible use (or misuse) of knowledge, information and power with the 1980s shift. What has emerged, however, from the work of colleagues engaged since the 1970s in attempting to underpin the practice of design with a coherent body of design theory is increasing evidence of the fundamental nature of a person's engagement with the design activity. This includes evidence of the existence of two distinctive modes of thought, one of which can be described as cognitive modelling and the other which can be described as rational thinking. Cognitive modelling is imagining, seeing in the mind's eye. Rational thinking is linguistic thinking, engaging in a form of internal debate. Cognitive modelling is externalized through action, and through the construction of external representations, especially drawings. Rational thinking is externalized through verbal language and, more formally, through mathematical and scientific notations. Cognitive modelling is analogic, presentational, holistic, integrative and based upon pattern recognition and pattern manipulation. Rational thinking is digital, sequential, analytical, explicatory and based upon categorization and logical inference. There is some relationship between the evidence for two distinctive modes of thought and the evidence of specialization in cerebral hemispheres (Cross, 1984). Design methods have tended to focus upon the rational aspects of design and have, therefore, neglected the cognitive aspects. By recognizing that there are peculiar 'designerly' ways of thinking combining both types of thought process used to perceive, construct and comprehend design representations mentally and then transform them into an external manifestation current work in design theory is promising at last to have some relevance to design practice.
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2003/11/21 15:16

_id	avocaad_2001_02
id	avocaad_2001_02
authors	Cheng-Yuan Lin, Yu-Tung Liu
year	2001
title	A digital Procedure of Building Construction: A practical project
source	AVOCAAD - ADDED VALUE OF COMPUTER AIDED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Nys Koenraad, Provoost Tom, Verbeke Johan, Verleye Johan (Eds.), (2001) Hogeschool voor Wetenschap en Kunst - Departement Architectuur Sint-Lucas, Campus Brussel, ISBN 80-76101-05-1
summary	In earlier times in which computers have not yet been developed well, there has been some researches regarding representation using conventional media (Gombrich, 1960; Arnheim, 1970). For ancient architects, the design process was described abstractly by text (Hewitt, 1985; Cable, 1983); the process evolved from unselfconscious to conscious ways (Alexander, 1964). Till the appearance of 2D drawings, these drawings could only express abstract visual thinking and visually conceptualized vocabulary (Goldschmidt, 1999). Then with the massive use of physical models in the Renaissance, the form and space of architecture was given better precision (Millon, 1994). Researches continued their attempts to identify the nature of different design tools (Eastman and Fereshe, 1994). Simon (1981) figured out that human increasingly relies on other specialists, computational agents, and materials referred to augment their cognitive abilities. This discourse was verified by recent research on conception of design and the expression using digital technologies (McCullough, 1996; Perez-Gomez and Pelletier, 1997). While other design tools did not change as much as representation (Panofsky, 1991; Koch, 1997), the involvement of computers in conventional architecture design arouses a new design thinking of digital architecture (Liu, 1996; Krawczyk, 1997; Murray, 1997; Wertheim, 1999). The notion of the link between ideas and media is emphasized throughout various fields, such as architectural education (Radford, 2000), Internet, and restoration of historical architecture (Potier et al., 2000). Information technology is also an important tool for civil engineering projects (Choi and Ibbs, 1989). Compared with conventional design media, computers avoid some errors in the process (Zaera, 1997). However, most of the application of computers to construction is restricted to simulations in building process (Halpin, 1990). It is worth studying how to employ computer technology meaningfully to bring significant changes to concept stage during the process of building construction (Madazo, 2000; Dave, 2000) and communication (Haymaker, 2000).In architectural design, concept design was achieved through drawings and models (Mitchell, 1997), while the working drawings and even shop drawings were brewed and communicated through drawings only. However, the most effective method of shaping building elements is to build models by computer (Madrazo, 1999). With the trend of 3D visualization (Johnson and Clayton, 1998) and the difference of designing between the physical environment and virtual environment (Maher et al. 2000), we intend to study the possibilities of using digital models, in addition to drawings, as a critical media in the conceptual stage of building construction process in the near future (just as the critical role that physical models played in early design process in the Renaissance). This research is combined with two practical building projects, following the progress of construction by using digital models and animations to simulate the structural layouts of the projects. We also tried to solve the complicated and even conflicting problems in the detail and piping design process through an easily accessible and precise interface. An attempt was made to delineate the hierarchy of the elements in a single structural and constructional system, and the corresponding relations among the systems. Since building construction is often complicated and even conflicting, precision needed to complete the projects can not be based merely on 2D drawings with some imagination. The purpose of this paper is to describe all the related elements according to precision and correctness, to discuss every possibility of different thinking in design of electric-mechanical engineering, to receive feedback from the construction projects in the real world, and to compare the digital models with conventional drawings.Through the application of this research, the subtle relations between the conventional drawings and digital models can be used in the area of building construction. Moreover, a theoretical model and standard process is proposed by using conventional drawings, digital models and physical buildings. By introducing the intervention of digital media in design process of working drawings and shop drawings, there is an opportune chance to use the digital media as a prominent design tool. This study extends the use of digital model and animation from design process to construction process. However, the entire construction process involves various details and exceptions, which are not discussed in this paper. These limitations should be explored in future studies.
series	AVOCAAD
email
last changed	2005/09/09 10:48

_id	ecaade2012_087
id	ecaade2012_087
authors	Lorenz, Wolfgang E.
year	2012
title	Estimating the Fractal Dimension of Architecture: Using two Measurement Methods implemented in AutoCAD by VBA
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2012.1.505
source	Achten, Henri; Pavlicek, Jiri; Hulin, Jaroslav; Matejovska, Dana (eds.), Digital Physicality - Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1 / ISBN 978-9-4912070-2-0, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp. 505-513
summary	The concept of describing and analyzing architecture from a fractal point of view, on which this paper is based, can be traced back to Benoît Mandelbrot (1981) and Carl Bovill (1996) to a considerable extent. In particular, this includes the distinction between scalebound (offering a limited number of characteristic elements) and scaling objects (offering many characteristic elements of scale) made by B. Mandelbrot (1981). In the fi rst place such a differentiation is based upon a visual description. This paper explores the possibility of assistance by two measurement methods, fi rst time introduced to architecture by C. Bovill (1996). While the box-counting method measures or more precisely estimates the box-counting dimension D b of objects (e.g. facades), range analysis examines the rhythm of a design. As CAD programs are familiar to architects during design processes, the author implemented both methods in AutoCAD using the scripting language VBA. First measurements indicate promising results for indicating the distinction between what B. Mandelbrot called scalebound and scaling buildings.
wos	WOS:000330322400052
keywords	Box-Counting Method; Range Analysis; Hurst-Exponent; Analyzing Architecture; Scalebound and Scaling objects
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	a8ca
authors	Courtieux, Gerard
year	1981
title	Man Machine Interface Problems in Computer Aided Architectural Design
source	1981. pp. 231-250 : ill. includes bibliography. -- discussion (pp. 247-250)
summary	The author and two other researchers conducted a world-wide survey of existing computer aided architectural design programs in 1978. The purpose of the survey was to validate an earlier study of the architectural design process and to investigate problem areas in Computer Aided Architectural Design (CAAD). The survey indicated that two problems of man machine interaction in CAAD, though partly solved, remain a challenge for computer scientists: the description and graphical representation of three-dimensional objects. The formalization of the information collected in the survey, together with the experience of the author in teaching computer graphics to architecture students for the past ten years, is used to give some insight in these two problems and to make some recommendations for the improvement of the man machine interface in CAAD
keywords	architecture, CAD, user interface
series	CADline
last changed	1999/02/12 15:07

_id	882d
authors	Eastman, Charles M. and Liu, Clive K.
year	1981
title	The C-MU Drafting System
source	September, 1981
summary	This document describes the objectives and design of a drafting system under development by the CAD-Graphics Laboratory at Carnegie Mellon University
keywords	CAD, drafting, software
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:15

_id	sigradi2008_166
id	sigradi2008_166
authors	Papanikolaou, Dimitris
year	2008
title	Digital Fabrication Production System Theory: Towards an Integrated Environment for Design and Production of Assemblies
source	SIGraDi 2008 - [Proceedings of the 12th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] La Habana - Cuba 1-5 December 2008
summary	A Digital Fabrication Production System (DFPS) is a concept describing a set of processes, tools, and resources that will be able to produce an artifact according to a design, fast, cheap, and easy, independently of location. A DFPS project is a complex assembly of custom parts that is delivered by a network of fabrication and assembly processes. This network is called the value chain. The workflow concept of a DFPS is the following: begin design process with a custom geometric form; decompose it into constructible parts; send the part files for fabrication to various locations; transport all parts at the construction site at the right time; finally, assemble the final artifact. Conceptually it means that based on a well structured value chain we could build anything we want, at anyplace, at controllable cost and quality. The goals of a DFPS are the following: custom shapes, controllable lead time, controllable quality, controllable cost, easiness of fabrication, and easiness of assembly. Simply stated this means to build any form, anywhere, accurately, cheap, fast, and easy. Unfortunately, the reality with current Digital Fabrication (DF) projects is rather disappointing: They take more time than what was planned, they get more expensive than what was expected, they involve great risk and uncertainty, and finally they are too complex to plan, understand, and manage. Moreover, most of these problems are discovered during production when it is already late for correction. However, there is currently no systematic approach to evaluate difficulty of production of DF projects in Architecture. Most of current risk assessment methods are based on experience gathered from previous similar cases. But it is the premise of mass customization that projects can be radically different. Assembly incompatibilities are currently addressed by building physical mockups. But physical mockups cause a significant loss in both time and cost. All these problems suggest that an introduction of a DFPS for mass customization in architecture needs first an integrated theory of assembly and management control. Evaluating feasibility of a DF project has two main problems: first, how to evaluate assemblability of the design; second, how to evaluate performance of the value chain. Assemblability is a system’s structure problem, while performance is a system’s dynamics problem. Structure of systems has been studied in the field of Systems Engineering by Network Analysis methods such as the Design Structure Matrix (DSM) (Steward 1981), and the liaison graph (Whitney 2004), while dynamics of systems have been studied by System Dynamics (Forrester 1961). Can we define a formal method to evaluate the difficulty of production of an artifact if we know the artifact’s design and the production system’s structure? This paper formulates Attribute Process Methodology (APM); a method for assessing feasibility of a DFPS project that combines Network Analysis to evaluate assemblability of the design with System Dynamics to evaluate performance of the value chain.
keywords	Digital Fabrication, Production System, System Dynamics, Network Analysis, Assembly
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:57

_id	0609
authors	Weingarten, Nicholas H. and Mirante, Anthony
year	1981
title	The Radial Sweep Algorithm for Constructing Triangulated Irregular Networks
source	1981? pp. 59-67 : ill. Includes bibliography
summary	A procedure for automatically triangulating sets of randomly spaced three-dimensional points is described. Techniques for visually improving contours and adding new points to existing meshes are also presented
keywords	algorithms, triangulation, landscape, representation, computer graphics
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 10:24

_id	85bb
authors	Eastman, Charles M.
year	1981
title	Computers in Architecture, Design, and Fine and Performing Arts Education
source	5, [6] p. May, 1981
summary	In the next ten years it is expected that the processes and techniques for teaching design will greatly change. Feedback on design decisions - visually and analytically - will be fast and more powerful than is possible today. Much of the busy paper and pencil construction work will be eliminated or greatly reduced. The author anticipates students designing buildings and artifacts on the computer, quickly and with sophistication, achieving results beyond what can be expected through manually based education today. This proposal cannot realize this whole revolution. Rather, it attempts to only take a step outward from the neck of a funnel, showing people opportunities and providing a framework that allows easy extension. Some of these extensions, most of them trivial to develop, are presented in the scenario section of the proposal
keywords	architecture, design, education, CAD
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:15

_id	c74f
authors	Guedj, Richard A.
year	1981
title	Towards Better Interactive Systems : Methodology and Problems in Human-Computer Interaction
source	North-Holland Pub. Co., 1981. pp. 89-102. includes bibliography
summary	Understanding human-computer interaction is an issue which is gaining more attention. Significant progress in the design of better interactive systems will come through a needed methodology. Facts and beliefs about interaction are recalled. Four approaches to a conceptual framework which have been advanced are sketched. Some problems are outlined. This paper draws attention on the results of a recent IFIP workshop on Methodology of Interaction, the Seillac-II workshop
keywords	user interface, methodology, CAD, design, methods,
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 10:24

_id	4140
authors	Koffman, Elliot B.
year	1981
title	Problem Solving and Structured Programming in PASCAL
source	82 p. in various paging reading Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley Pub. Co. Inc., 1981. include index.
summary	-- (Addison-wesley Series in Computer Science and Information Processing). A one semester introductory course in computer programming. Teaches problem solving through the technique of stepwise algorithms development. Most of the features of standard PASCAL are covered in detail. Separate chapters are devoted to a discussion of advanced data structures like files, multidimensional arrays, and lists and trees. There is an appendix that discusses string processing in UCSD PASCAL
keywords	PASCAL, programming, problem solving, education, languages
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	2c6a
authors	Rosenbloom, Paul S.
year	1981
title	A World-Championship-Level Othello Program
source	Pittsburgh, PA: Department of Computer Science, CMU, August, 1981. [4], 47 p. : ill. and graphs. include bibliography
summary	Othello is a recent addition to the collection of games that have been examined within artificial intelligence. Advances have been rapid, yielding programs that have reached the level of world-championship play. This article describes the current champion Othello program, Iago. The work described here includes: (1) a task analysis of Othello; (2) the implementation of a program based on this analysis and state- of-the-art AI game-playing techniques; and (3) an evaluation of the program's performance through games played against other programs and comparisons with expert human play
keywords	AI, programming, games, systems
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 10:24

_id	c0ee
authors	Bentley, Jon L. and Ottmann, Thomas
year	1981
title	The Complexity of Manipulating Hierarchically Defined Sets of Rectangles
source	40 p. : ill. Pittsburgh, PA: Department of Computer Science, CMU., April, 1981. CMU-CS-81-109. includes bibliography
summary	Algorithms that manipulate sets of rectangles are of great practical importance in VLSI design systems and other applications. Although much theoretical work has appeared recently on the complexity of rectangle problems, it has assumed that the inputs are given as a list of rectangles. In this paper the authors study the complexity of rectangle problems when the inputs are given in a hierarchical language that allows the designer to build large designs by replicating small designs. They show that while most of the problems are NP-hard in the general case, there are O(N log N) algorithms that process inputs obeying certain restrictions
keywords	rectangles, algorithms, computational geometry, data structures
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 10:24

_id	eced
authors	Gries, David
year	1981
title	The Science of programming
source	xiii, 366 p. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1981. include bibliography: p. [355]- 357 and index. -- (Texts and Monographs in Computer Science)
summary	Part 1 is an introduction to the propositional and predicate calculi. Part 2 defines a small language in terms of weakest preconditions. Part 3 is the heart of the book, where the reader is asked questions and is expected to answer. Not all answers are given
keywords	programming, techniques
series	CADline
last changed	1999/02/12 15:08

_id	ecca
authors	Koning, H. and Eizenberg, J.
year	1981
title	The Language of the Prairie : Frank Lloyd Wright's Prairie Houses
source	Environment and Planning B. 1981. vol. 8: pp. 295-323 : ill. includes bibliography
summary	The following parametric shape grammar generates the compositional forms and specifies the function zones of Frank Lloyd Wright's prairie-style houses. The establishment of a fireplace is the key to the definition of the prairie-style house. Around this fireplace, functionally distinguished Froebelean-type blocks are recursively added and interpenetrated to from the basic compositions from which elaborated prairie-style houses are derived. The grammar is based on a corpus of eleven houses from the Winslow house, the evolutionary precursor of the style, to the Robie house, considered by many as the culmination of the style. Much has been written about prairie-style houses - their balance, their debt to Beaux Arts and Japanese design traditions, and their organic qualities. However, such descriptions do not explicitly inform us as to how prairie-style houses are constructed, and consequently provide little help in designing new members of this style. The power of a grammar, such as the one given here, is that it establishes a recursive structure from which new designs can be constructed. Three new prairie houses generated by the grammar as well as step-by-step generation of one of these designs are shown
keywords	synthesis, analysis, architecture, shape grammars, parametrization,
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	4e6e
authors	Liu, Clive K. and Eastman, Charles M.
year	1981
title	Object Grammars : Language for the Generation of Masonry Designs
source	20 p. ; ill April, 1981. includes bibliography.
summary	Bricks, one of the oldest manufactured building materials, are used extensively in construction. Usually they are built into wall assemblies. In this paper, the construction of traditional masonry designs are investigated. Object grammars are defined for the recursive generation of the 3 dimensional wall designs. Also, the uses of object grammars are discussed
keywords	shape grammars, objects, synthesis, assemblies, architecture, applications
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

No more hits.