Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	0c81
authors	Robinson, John T.
year	1981
title	The K-D-B-Tree : A Search Structure of Large Multidimensional Dynamic Indexes
source	22 p. : ill
summary	Pittsburgh, PA: Department of Computer Science, CMU, February, 1981. CMU-CS-81-106. includes some bibliographical references. The problem of retrieving multikey records via range queries form a large, dynamic index is considered. By large it is meant that most of the index must be sorted on secondary memory. By dynamic it is meant that insertions and deletions are intermixed with queries, so that the index cannot be built beforehand. A new data structure, the K-D-B-tree, is presented as a solution to this problem. K-D-B-trees combine properties of K-D-trees and B-trees. It is expected that the multidimensional search efficiency of balanced K-D-trees and the I/O efficiency of B-trees should both be approximated in the K-D-B-tree. Preliminary experimental results that tend to support this are reported
keywords	algorithms, search
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	2f1a
authors	Dabney, M.K., Wright, J.C. and Sanders, D.H.
year	1999
title	Virtual Reality and the Future of Publishing Archaeological Excavations: the multimedia publication of the prehistoric settlement on Tsoungiza at Ancient Nemea
source	New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art
summary	The Nemea Valley Archaeological Project is a study of settlement and land use in a regional valley system in Greece extending from the Upper Paleolithic until the present. Active field research was conducted by four teams between 1981 and 1990. The first component was a regional archaeological survey. Second, and closely related to the first, was a social anthropological study of modern settlement and land use. Next was a team assigned to excavate the succession of prehistoric settlements of Ancient Nemea on Tsoungiza. Last, historical ecologists, a palynologist, and a geologist formed the environmental component of the research. As a result of advances in electronic publishing, plans for the final publication of the Nemea Valley Archaeological Project have evolved. Complete publication of the excavation of the prehistoric settlements of Ancient Nemea on Tsoungiza will appear in an interactive multimedia format on CD/DVD in Fall 2000. This project is planned to be the first electronic publication of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens. We have chosen to publish in electronic format because it will meet the needs and interests of a wider audience, including avocational archaeologists, advanced high school and college students, graduate students, and professional archaeologists. The multimedia format on CD/DVD will permit the inclusion of text, databases, color and black-and-white images, two and three-dimensional graphics, and videos. This publication is being developed in cooperation with Learning Sites, Inc., which specializes in interactive three-dimensional reconstructions of ancient worlds http://www.learningsites.com. The Nemea Valley Archaeological Project is particularly well prepared for the shift towards electronic publishing because the project's field records were designed for and entered in computer databases from the inception of the project. Attention to recording precise locational information for all excavated objects enables us to place reconstructions of objects in their reconstructed architectural settings. Three-dimensional images of architectural remains and associated features will appear both as excavated and as reconstructed. Viewers will be able to navigate these images through the use of virtual reality. Viewers will also be able to reference all original drawings, photographs, and descriptions of the reconstructed architecture and objects. In this way a large audience will be able to view architectural remains, artifacts, and information that are otherwise inaccessible.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	4555
authors	Bergland, Glenn D. and Gordon, Ronald D.
year	1981
title	Tutorial : Software Design Strategies.--2nd. ed
source	vi, 479 p. Los Angeles: IEEE Computer Society Press, 1981. includes bibliography and permuted title index p.449-477
summary	A tutorial text attempting to clarify and focus on aspects of software design that have direct effect on the structure of the final program. Several major design strategies are developed and compared, including: traditional forms of functional decomposition, the data structure design method of Michael Jeckson, the data-flow design method of Larry Constantine, and the programming calculus of Edsger Dijkstra. The process of organizing and coordinating the efforts of the design team is also studied especially practices of top-down development, code walkthroughs, and design reviews are presented and evaluated
keywords	software, design, programming, techniques
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	4140
authors	Koffman, Elliot B.
year	1981
title	Problem Solving and Structured Programming in PASCAL
source	82 p. in various paging reading Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley Pub. Co. Inc., 1981. include index.
summary	-- (Addison-wesley Series in Computer Science and Information Processing). A one semester introductory course in computer programming. Teaches problem solving through the technique of stepwise algorithms development. Most of the features of standard PASCAL are covered in detail. Separate chapters are devoted to a discussion of advanced data structures like files, multidimensional arrays, and lists and trees. There is an appendix that discusses string processing in UCSD PASCAL
keywords	PASCAL, programming, problem solving, education, languages
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	ecca
authors	Koning, H. and Eizenberg, J.
year	1981
title	The Language of the Prairie : Frank Lloyd Wright's Prairie Houses
source	Environment and Planning B. 1981. vol. 8: pp. 295-323 : ill. includes bibliography
summary	The following parametric shape grammar generates the compositional forms and specifies the function zones of Frank Lloyd Wright's prairie-style houses. The establishment of a fireplace is the key to the definition of the prairie-style house. Around this fireplace, functionally distinguished Froebelean-type blocks are recursively added and interpenetrated to from the basic compositions from which elaborated prairie-style houses are derived. The grammar is based on a corpus of eleven houses from the Winslow house, the evolutionary precursor of the style, to the Robie house, considered by many as the culmination of the style. Much has been written about prairie-style houses - their balance, their debt to Beaux Arts and Japanese design traditions, and their organic qualities. However, such descriptions do not explicitly inform us as to how prairie-style houses are constructed, and consequently provide little help in designing new members of this style. The power of a grammar, such as the one given here, is that it establishes a recursive structure from which new designs can be constructed. Three new prairie houses generated by the grammar as well as step-by-step generation of one of these designs are shown
keywords	synthesis, analysis, architecture, shape grammars, parametrization,
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	ecaade2012_087
id	ecaade2012_087
authors	Lorenz, Wolfgang E.
year	2012
title	Estimating the Fractal Dimension of Architecture: Using two Measurement Methods implemented in AutoCAD by VBA
source	Achten, Henri; Pavlicek, Jiri; Hulin, Jaroslav; Matejovska, Dana (eds.), Digital Physicality - Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1 / ISBN 978-9-4912070-2-0, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp. 505-513
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2012.1.505
wos	WOS:000330322400052
summary	The concept of describing and analyzing architecture from a fractal point of view, on which this paper is based, can be traced back to Benoît Mandelbrot (1981) and Carl Bovill (1996) to a considerable extent. In particular, this includes the distinction between scalebound (offering a limited number of characteristic elements) and scaling objects (offering many characteristic elements of scale) made by B. Mandelbrot (1981). In the fi rst place such a differentiation is based upon a visual description. This paper explores the possibility of assistance by two measurement methods, fi rst time introduced to architecture by C. Bovill (1996). While the box-counting method measures or more precisely estimates the box-counting dimension D b of objects (e.g. facades), range analysis examines the rhythm of a design. As CAD programs are familiar to architects during design processes, the author implemented both methods in AutoCAD using the scripting language VBA. First measurements indicate promising results for indicating the distinction between what B. Mandelbrot called scalebound and scaling buildings.
keywords	Box-Counting Method; Range Analysis; Hurst-Exponent; Analyzing Architecture; Scalebound and Scaling objects
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	c9dc
authors	Avron, Barr and Feigenbaum, Edward A. (editors)
year	1981
title	The Handbook of Artificial Intelligence
source	xiv, 409 p. Stanford, California: HeurisTech Press., 1981. vol. 1 of 3: includes bibliography p.[365]-388 and indexes
summary	Part 1 of a three volume set that contains some 200 articles on AI. Volume 1 discusses the goals of AI research, the history of the field and the current active areas of research. It explains how the book is organized, and the literature of the field. How to access journal articles and technical reports for further reading
keywords	AI
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	c0ee
authors	Bentley, Jon L. and Ottmann, Thomas
year	1981
title	The Complexity of Manipulating Hierarchically Defined Sets of Rectangles
source	40 p. : ill. Pittsburgh, PA: Department of Computer Science, CMU., April, 1981. CMU-CS-81-109. includes bibliography
summary	Algorithms that manipulate sets of rectangles are of great practical importance in VLSI design systems and other applications. Although much theoretical work has appeared recently on the complexity of rectangle problems, it has assumed that the inputs are given as a list of rectangles. In this paper the authors study the complexity of rectangle problems when the inputs are given in a hierarchical language that allows the designer to build large designs by replicating small designs. They show that while most of the problems are NP-hard in the general case, there are O(N log N) algorithms that process inputs obeying certain restrictions
keywords	rectangles, algorithms, computational geometry, data structures
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 10:24

_id	sigradi2009_1044
id	sigradi2009_1044
authors	Cruz, Débora Melo; Gabriela Celani
year	2009
title	A influência de Frank Lloyd Wright sobre João Batista Vilanova Artigas – uma análise formal [The Influence of Frank Lloyd Wright on João Batista Vilanova Artigas - A Formal Analysis]
source	SIGraDi 2009 - Proceedings of the 13th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, Sao Paulo, Brazil, November 16-18, 2009
summary	This study intends to propose a new use of the shape grammar: verify the influence of a certain architect’s language over another architect’s language. Some Brazilian modern architecture critics suggest the existence of an influence of Wright’s prairie houses over Artigas’ early work, but the methods used to reach to this conclusion are always empirical and not very objective. The present work aims to confirm this influence in a more rational manner, comparing Wright’s prairie houses grammar developed by Koning and Eizenberg (1981) to Artigas’ first phase grammar that will developed in this work.
keywords	Gramática da forma; F. L. Wright; J. V. Artigas
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:49

_id	882d
authors	Eastman, Charles M. and Liu, Clive K.
year	1981
title	The C-MU Drafting System
source	September, 1981
summary	This document describes the objectives and design of a drafting system under development by the CAD-Graphics Laboratory at Carnegie Mellon University
keywords	CAD, drafting, software
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:15

_id	0776
authors	Er, M.C.
year	1981
title	Matrices of Fibonacci Numbers
source	12 p. Wollongong: Department of Computing Science, University of Wollongong, October, 1981. includes bibliography
summary	The matrices of Fibonacci numbers (called windows) possess some unusual properties which are not shared by normal matrices, such as commutativity under multiplication and +1 for all determinants. The beauty of multiplicative closure lends a hand to the fast computation of generalized order-k Fibonacci numbers in O(k2 log n) time
keywords	Fibonacci, mathematics
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	a5c3
authors	Er, M.C.
year	1981
title	The Relations of the Computation of Fibonnaci Numbers with the Polyphase Sort
source	8 p. Wollongong: Department of Computing Science, University of Wollongong, September, 1981. includes bibliography
summary	The theory of polyphase sort has simplified the mathematical derivations of Wilson and Shortt's (1980) algorithm, and offered an intuitive explanation of why Gries and Levin's (1980), and Urbanek's (1980) algorithms work. The computation of order-k Fibonacci numbers is equivalent to moving a window of matrix upwards in a series of ideal distributions
keywords	Fibonacci, sorting, mathematics, algorithms
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	6758
authors	Flemming, Ulrich
year	1981
title	The Secret of the Casa Giuliani Frigerio
source	Environment and Planning B. 1981. vol. 8: pp. 87-96 : ill. includes bibliography
summary	Basic formal characteristics of Terragni's Casa Giuliani Frigerio are explained by means of a parametric shape grammar
keywords	applications, shape grammars, architecture
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/02/26 17:24

_id	a9b5
authors	Johnson, Robert H.
year	1981
title	DESIGN: An Integrated System for CAD and CAM
source	CAM-I International Spring Seminar, 10 p.
summary	DESIGN is an advanced development of a computer aided engineering system to be applied to the design and engineering of mechanical systems. Engineering projects where DESIGN may be applied range from small assemblies to large complex mechanical systems such as a machining center or a motor vehicle. This paper provides a systematic overview of DESIGN. Examples of parts and assemblies created with DESIGN are shown.
keywords	Integration, CAD, Systems, CAM, Engineering, CAE, Mechanical Engineering, Assemblies, Software
series	CADline
last changed	1999/02/15 15:25

_id	acadia03_052
id	acadia03_052
authors	Juyal, M., Kensek, K. and Knowles, R.
year	2003
title	SolCAD: 3D Spatial Design Tool Tool to Generate Solar Envelope
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, pp. 411-419
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.411
summary	In this research the concept of Solar Envelope has been used to develop a 3D Spatial Design Tool tool, SolCAD, for generating an envelope over a given site based on various design parameters. The solar envelope can be imagined as a container, whose boundaries are derived from the sun’s relative motion. Buildings within this container will not overshadow their surroundings during critical periods of solar access for passive and low-energy architecture. The solar envelope is a space-time construct. Its spatial limits are defined by the parameters of land parcel size, shape, orientation, topography and latitude. It also depends on the time or the period of the time for which it is designed. Its time limits are defined by the hours of each day and the season for which solar access is provided to the land parcel (Knowles 1981). This tool intends to generate an envelope over a site of any shape, size and orientation and for different boundary and height conditions of shadow lines. It is suitable for initial stages of building design process to determine the shape of the building even before the design has been conceptualized.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	20b5
authors	Kalay, Yehuda E.
year	1981
title	Interactive Shape Generation and Spatial Conflict Testing
source	ACM IEEE Design Automation Conference Proceedings (18th : 1981 : Nashville, Tennessee). pp. 75-81 : ill. includes bibliography
summary	A general purpose, research oriented, interactive modeling system is presented. It is based on two different coherent polyhedral shape representations: a planar graph, used for computation and data manipulation, and relational-database for compact store and general communication with application programs. The two representations effectively partition the system shape-space into active and inactive shapes, respectively. These are explicitly interchangeable by the user, keeping the actual workspace at a manageable size. The basic functionalities provided by the system include the combination of primitive shapes into complex objects by means of spatial set operators (union, intersection and difference), their modeling by means of scaling, rotation and translation, spatial interference detection and graphical display capabilities
keywords	geometric modeling, solid modeling, representation, boolean operations, B-rep, intersection
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	caadria2006_217
id	caadria2006_217
authors	KILIAN, AXEL
year	2006
title	DESIGN EXPLORATION WITH CIRCULAR DEPENDENCIES: A chair design experiment
source	CAADRIA 2006 [Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Kumamoto (Japan) March 30th - April 2nd 2006, 217-226
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2006.x.q2e
summary	The paper demonstrates the need for advanced models of representation for circular dependency networks common in design problems that deal with multiple constraints. Constraints in a design problem are generally perceived as limitations to design exploration. The careful construction of constraint relationships can help to turn constraints into design drivers for the problem instead. Closely related to the notion that new goals may emerge from creating designs is the idea that one goal of planning may be the design activity itself (Simon 1981). The interplay of many constraints can lead to circular dependencies that make design exploration a challenge as any change causes ripples throughout the entire design construct. D’Arcy Thompson (1942) describes form as a diagram of forces. The construction of design representations that reflect such dependency networks pose a challenge and are far from exact matches of the task environment (Simon 1981). The paper proceeds in mapping these abstract observations of the circular dependencies in the design process to a chair experiment from design to fabrication giving detailed descriptions of the interdependencies of material, fabrication and aesthetic constraints. The experiment shows how those constraints were instrumental in achieving the aesthetics of the full scale prototype.
series	CAADRIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	e93d
authors	Knight, Weissman T.
year	1981
title	Languages of Designs : from Known to New
source	Environment and Planning B. 1981. vol. 8: pp. 213-238 : ill. includes bibliography
summary	A procedure for defining new languages of designs from known or given ones is presented. It is specified in terms of shape equivalence rules or shape equivalence rule schemata which allow shapes in spatial relations given or inferred from existing design languages to be replaced with other shapes. The new spatial relations so defined can be used to determine a wide variety of new, original languages of designs. The possibility of using shape equivalence rules or rule schemata for characterizing formal compositional aspects of historic styles or languages of designs and relationships between them is also discussed
keywords	design, languages, shape grammars, relations
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	c327
authors	Liu, Clive K.
year	1981
title	A Graphic Processor for Computer-Aided Engineering Drawing
source	October, 1981. 7 p
summary	A drafting system whose purpose of is to provide an advanced tool for teaching engineering drawing and as a production tool for designers who regularly produce engineering drawings is described. The graphic processor is part of the system, which incorporates a set of operations that produce and manipulate graphic entities and that require graphic entities as operands. This paper examines the issues of constructing such a processor. Representations are proposed for 2D graphic objects, including points, line segments and segments generated by conic sections; which are predefined data types in the system. The geometric primitive operators take these objects as arguments and produce other graphic objects, and allow users to build up various construction operators and drawings with the same flexibility and generality allowed in, say, descriptive geometry. These operators, which are functions, can be combined as macro expressions that executed by the processor. This environment allows users to define their own macros for various tasks
keywords	CAD, drafting, education, tools
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	a71d
authors	Loh, Rong
year	1981
title	Convex B-Spline Surfaces
source	Computer Aided Design. IPC Business Press, May, 1981. vol. 13: pp. 145-149 : some ill. ; graphs. includes a short bibliography
summary	This paper gives a definition for the convexity of B-spline surfaces and points out the conditions on which the convexity depends. A back shift smoothing method is introduced. This method is built on the basis of the convexity conditions. Application of this smoothing method gives a strictly convex curve
keywords	B-splines, curves, curved surfaces
series	CADline
last changed	1999/02/12 15:09

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