CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Hits 1 to 20 of 113

_id cf2009_poster_25
id cf2009_poster_25
authors Nembrini, Julien; Guillaume Labelle, Nathaniel Zuelzke, Mark Meagher and Jeffrey Huang
year 2009
title Source Studio: Teaching Programming For Architectural Design
source T. Tidafi and T. Dorta (eds) Joining Languages Cultures and Visions: CAADFutures 2009 CD-Rom
summary The architectural studio framework presented here is based on the use of programming as central form generation reflexive medium (Schon, 1983). Its aim is to teach architectural design while introducing a different approach toward computer tools by enabling students to fully explore variations in their designs through the use of coding for form definition. It proposes the students to reflect on their design process through its confrontation to algorithmic formalization (Mitchell 1990). This results in exercising the synthetic re-thinking of their initial sketch intents to comply with the difficult task of fitting the language syntax. With the proliferation and constant replacement of computer tools among the architectural practice, a shift appears in the attitude towards introducing students to different tools: studio teaching is branded by specific software platforms advocated by the teaching team. A lack of generalized view, independent of commercial CAD software, is problematic for the definition of new teaching tools suited for this constantly evolving situation (Terzidis, 2006).
keywords Programming, studio teaching, scripting, parametric design
series CAAD Futures
type poster
last changed 2009/07/08 22:12

_id cf2009_poster_43
id cf2009_poster_43
authors Oh, Yeonjoo; Ellen Yi-Luen Do, Mark D Gross, and Suguru Ishizaki
year 2009
title Delivery Types And Communication Modalities In The Flat-Pack Furniture Design Critic
source T. Tidafi and T. Dorta (eds) Joining Languages Cultures and Visions: CAADFutures 2009 CD-Rom
summary A computer-based design critiquing system analyzes a proposed solution and offers critiques (Robbins 1998). Critiques help designers identify problems as well as opportunities to improve their designs. Compared with human critics, today’s computer-based critiquing systems deliver feedback in quite restricted manner. Most systems provide only negative evaluations in text; whereas studio teachers critique by interpreting the student’s design, introducing new ideas, demonstrating and giving examples, and offering evaluations (Bailey 2004; Uluoglu 2000) using speech, writing, and drawing to communicate (Anthony 1991; Schön 1983). This article presents a computer-based critiquing system, Flat-pack Furniture Design Critic (FFDC). This system supports multiple delivery types and modalities, adapting the typical system architecture of constraint-based intelligent tutors (Mitrovic et al. 2007).
keywords Critiquing system, design critiquing
series CAAD Futures
type poster
email
last changed 2009/07/08 22:12

_id 8c67
authors Brachman, Ronald J., Levesque, Hector J. and Fikes, Richard E.
year 1983
title Krypton : A Functional Approach to Knowledge Representation
source IEEE Computer. IEEE Computer Society, October, 1983. vol. 16: pp. 67-73 : ill. includes bibliography
summary While the basic ideas of frame systems are straight forward, complication arise in their design. A design strategy was developed and have been implemented in a representation system called Krypton. Krypton distinguishes between definitional and factual information by using both frame- based and logic-based languages. The result is a system defined in functional not structural terms
keywords AI, frames, knowledge, representation, systems
series CADline
last changed 2003/06/02 10:24

_id 0d6d
authors Doyle, Jon
year 1983
title Admissible State Semantics for Representational Systems
source IEEE Computer. IEEE computer society, October, 1983. vol. 16: pp. 119-122. includes bibliography
summary A clear semantic is one of the most important requirements in designing representational systems. This article indicates how many kinds of informal semantics can be transformed directly into formal semantics of no greater complexity. The author focuses on the meaning rather than on the expression within a particular logical language. The distinction of the meaning of mental components from general ecological meaning is done by the name admissible state semantics, leaving the specification of external meaning to the standard tools of model theory. The method of admissible state semantic is simple, resembling the usual explanations of intended meanings given by system designers. The designer explains the meaning of one representation in terms of its relations to other representation in the system. Examples are given
keywords logic, languages, representation, systems, semantics
series CADline
last changed 1999/02/12 15:08

_id 273f
authors Elcock, E.W.
year 1983
title How Complete are Knowledge Representation Systems?
source IEEE Computer. IEEE computer society, October, 1983. vol. 16: pp. 114-118. includes bibliography
summary Prolog, the most feasible of the first-order logic systems, has intriguing analogies with Absys, short for Aberdeen System, an assertative programming system developed in 1968. In this article, the issue of incompleteness is explored by comparing aspects of the two systems, and the incompleteness resulting from any serious use of Prolog as a vehicle for a knowledge-based system is addressed
keywords PROLOG, algorithms, knowledge, systems, languages
series CADline
last changed 2003/06/02 13:58

_id b190
authors Goldberg, Adele and Robson, David
year 1983
title Smalltalk-80: The language and its implementation
source New York, NY: Addison Wesley Co
summary Smalltalk-80 is the classic standard Smalltalk language as described in Smalltalk-80: The Language and Its Implementation by Goldberg and Robson. This book is commonly called "the Blue Book". Squeak implements the dialect of Smalltalk described in this book, but has a different implementation. Overview of the Smalltalk Language Smalltalk is a general purpose, high level programming language. It was the first original "pure" object oriented language, but not the first to use the object oriented concept, which is credited to Simula 67. The explosive growth of Object Oriented Programming (OOP) technologies began in the early 1980's, with Smalltalk's introduction. Behind it was the idea that the individual human user should be the most important component of any computing system, and that programming should be a natural extension of thinking, and also a dynamic and evolutionary process consistent with the model of human learning activity. In Smalltalk, these ideas are embodied in a framework for human-computer communication. In a sense, Smalltalk is yet another language like C and Pascal, and programs can be written in Smalltalk that have the look and feel of such conventional languages. The difference lies * in the amount of code that can be reduced, * less cryptic syntax, * and code that is easier to handle for application maintenance and enhancement. But Smalltalk's most powerful feature is easy code reuse. Smalltalk makes reuse of programs, routines, and subroutines (methods) far easier. Though procedural languages allow reuse too, it is harder to do, and much easier to cheat. It is no surprise that Smalltalk is relatively easy to learn, mainly due to its simple syntax and semantics, as well as few concepts. Objects, classes, messages, and methods form the basis of programming in Smalltalk. The general methodology to use Smalltalk The notion of human-computer interface also results in Smalltalk promoting the development of safer systems. Errors in Smalltalk may be viewed as objects telling users that confusion exists as to how to perform a desired function.
series other
last changed 2003/04/23 15:14

_id a456
authors Gould, J.D., Conti, J. and Hovanyecz, T.
year 1983
title Composing Letters with a Simulated Listening Typewriter
source Communications of the ACM. April, 1983. vol. 26: pp. 295-308 : ill. graphs, tables. includes bibliography
summary With a listening typewriter, what an author says would be automatically recognized and displayed in front of him or her. However, speech recognition is not yet advanced enough to provide people with a reliable listening typewriter. An aim of the authors' experiments was to determine if an imperfect listening typewriter would be useful for composing letters. Participants dictated letters, either in isolated words or in consecutive word speech. They did this with simulations of listening typewriters that recognized either a limited vocabulary (1000 or 5000 words) or an unlimited vocabulary. Results suggest that some versions, even upon first using them, could be at least as good as traditional methods of handwriting and dictating. Isolated word speech with large vocabularies may provide the basis for a useful listening typewriter
keywords natural languages, applications, systems, business, AI
series CADline
last changed 2003/06/02 14:41

_id sigradi2006_e028c
id sigradi2006_e028c
authors Griffith, Kenfield; Sass, Larry and Michaud, Dennis
year 2006
title A strategy for complex-curved building design:Design structure with Bi-lateral contouring as integrally connected ribs
source SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 465-469
summary Shapes in designs created by architects such as Gehry Partners (Shelden, 2002), Foster and Partners, and Kohn Peterson and Fox rely on computational processes for rationalizing complex geometry for building construction. Rationalization is the reduction of a complete geometric shape into discrete components. Unfortunately, for many architects the rationalization is limited reducing solid models to surfaces or data on spread sheets for contractors to follow. Rationalized models produced by the firms listed above do not offer strategies for construction or digital fabrication. For the physical production of CAD description an alternative to the rationalized description is needed. This paper examines the coupling of digital rationalization and digital fabrication with physical mockups (Rich, 1989). Our aim is to explore complex relationships found in early and mid stage design phases when digital fabrication is used to produce design outcomes. Results of our investigation will aid architects and engineers in addressing the complications found in the translation of design models embedded with precision to constructible geometries. We present an algorithmically based approach to design rationalization that supports physical production as well as surface production of desktop models. Our approach is an alternative to conventional rapid prototyping that builds objects by assembly of laterally sliced contours from a solid model. We explored an improved product description for rapid manufacture as bilateral contouring for structure and panelling for strength (Kolarevic, 2003). Infrastructure typically found within aerospace, automotive, and shipbuilding industries, bilateral contouring is an organized matrix of horizontal and vertical interlocking ribs evenly distributed along a surface. These structures are monocoque and semi-monocoque assemblies composed of structural ribs and skinning attached by rivets and adhesives. Alternative, bi-lateral contouring discussed is an interlocking matrix of plywood strips having integral joinery for assembly. Unlike traditional methods of building representations through malleable materials for creating tangible objects (Friedman, 2002), this approach constructs with the implication for building life-size solutions. Three algorithms are presented as examples of rationalized design production with physical results. The first algorithm [Figure 1] deconstructs an initial 2D curved form into ribbed slices to be assembled through integral connections constructed as part of the rib solution. The second algorithm [Figure 2] deconstructs curved forms of greater complexity. The algorithm walks along the surface extracting surface information along horizontal and vertical axes saving surface information resulting in a ribbed structure of slight double curvature. The final algorithm [Figure 3] is expressed as plug-in software for Rhino that deconstructs a design to components for assembly as rib structures. The plug-in also translates geometries to a flatten position for 2D fabrication. The software demonstrates the full scope of the research exploration. Studies published by Dodgson argued that innovation technology (IvT) (Dodgson, Gann, Salter, 2004) helped in solving projects like the Guggenheim in Bilbao, the leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy, and the Millennium Bridge in London. Similarly, the method discussed in this paper will aid in solving physical production problems with complex building forms. References Bentley, P.J. (Ed.). Evolutionary Design by Computers. Morgan Kaufman Publishers Inc. San Francisco, CA, 1-73 Celani, G, (2004) “From simple to complex: using AutoCAD to build generative design systems” in: L. Caldas and J. Duarte (org.) Implementations issues in generative design systems. First Intl. Conference on Design Computing and Cognition, July 2004 Dodgson M, Gann D.M., Salter A, (2004), “Impact of Innovation Technology on Engineering Problem Solving: Lessons from High Profile Public Projects,” Industrial Dynamics, Innovation and Development, 2004 Dristas, (2004) “Design Operators.” Thesis. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2004 Friedman, M, (2002), Gehry Talks: Architecture + Practice, Universe Publishing, New York, NY, 2002 Kolarevic, B, (2003), Architecture in the Digital Age: Design and Manufacturing, Spon Press, London, UK, 2003 Opas J, Bochnick H, Tuomi J, (1994), “Manufacturability Analysis as a Part of CAD/CAM Integration”, Intelligent Systems in Design and Manufacturing, 261-292 Rudolph S, Alber R, (2002), “An Evolutionary Approach to the Inverse Problem in Rule-Based Design Representations”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 329-350 Rich M, (1989), Digital Mockup, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Reston, VA, 1989 Schön, D., The Reflective Practitioner: How Professional Think in Action. Basic Books. 1983 Shelden, D, (2003), “Digital Surface Representation and the Constructability of Gehry’s Architecture.” Diss. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2003 Smithers T, Conkie A, Doheny J, Logan B, Millington K, (1989), “Design as Intelligent Behaviour: An AI in Design Thesis Programme”, Artificial Intelligence in Design, 293-334 Smithers T, (2002), “Synthesis in Designing”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 3-24 Stiny, G, (1977), “Ice-ray: a note on the generation of Chinese lattice designs” Environmental and Planning B, volume 4, pp. 89-98
keywords Digital fabrication; bilateral contouring; integral connection; complex-curve
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:52

_id ecaaderis2023_41
id ecaaderis2023_41
authors Hadighi, Mahyar and Hadighi, Mehrdad
year 2023
title Between System and Improvisation: Aesthetic performance in Donald Judd’s 100 untitled works in mill aluminum
source De Luca, F, Lykouras, I and Wurzer, G (eds.), Proceedings of the 9th eCAADe Regional International Symposium, TalTech, 15 - 16 June 2023, pp. 79–88
summary In this paper, we intend to analyze Donald Judd’s “100 untiled works in mill aluminum” to see whether they belong to a system, and, if so, what that system is and what delimits it. Our hypothesis is that there is a system driven by shape data, but the system is tempered by improvisational moments at multiple junctures in the project. We are interested in deciphering the systematic, but also the moments of artistic improvisation. To that end, we will look at the roots of data-driven design in the “serial” artworks of the early 1960’s documented in two Artforum essays by Bochner and Coplans, both citing Donald Judd. This period of artistic production is critical in the context of the development of shape grammars in computation which followed in the early 70’s with Stiny and Gips’s Shape Grammar essay. In 1983, Knight used shape grammar to describe the transformation of design languages. In the same period, Donald Judd, without the aid of computation or knowledge of shape grammar, developed a grammar towards the design of “100 untiled works in mill aluminum.” We intend to explore Judd’s 100 works as an example of the utilization of information and its analysis towards design and innovation, and to highlight the role of artistic improvisation in a systemic design process.
keywords Donald Judd, Design System, Shape Grammar, Serial Art.
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2024/02/05 14:28

_id 27f4
authors Holtz, Neal M. and Rasdorf, William J.
year 1983
title LISP - A CAD System Programming Language
source Journal of Technical Topics in Civil Engineers. April, 1983. vol. 109: pp. 58-72
summary LISP may currently be the best programming language to use for the development of engineering computer-aided design (CAD) systems. While languages like FORTRAN represent important advances over their predecessors, it may be that a single static programming language will never be completely adequate for engineering programming. What is needed is a language that can evolve in response to changing needs. This paper is concerned with the programming languages that support CAD systems. The choice of such a programming language significantly influences the flavor of the product derived from that language. The language should provide a style of interaction and a programming environment that is a good model for software developers. At the very least, this will lead to a consistency among most programs developed using that language. The language should also help reduce program complexity and permit one to program at the level of application concepts, rather than at the level of memory locations. LISP or LISP-like languages provide perhaps our greatest opportunity for reducing program complexity to manageable proportions. More importantly, the systems are of better quality when they reflect the style provided by LISP; they tend to be more easily tailored to the needs of individual users
keywords CAD, LISP, languages, programming, engineering
series CADline
last changed 2003/06/02 13:58

_id cf2009_771
id cf2009_771
authors LaBelle, Guillaume; Nembrini, Julien and Huang, Jeffrey
year 2009
title Programming framework for architectural design ANAR+: Object oriented geometry
source T. Tidafi and T. Dorta (eds) Joining Languages, Cultures and Visions: CAADFutures 2009, PUM, 2009, pp. 771- 785
summary From the recent advent of scripting tools integrated into commercial CAAD software and everyday design practice, the use of programming applied to an architectural design process becomes a necessary field of study. The presented research explores the use of programming as explorative and reflexive medium (Schön, 1983) through the development of a programming framework for architectural design. Based on Java, the ANAR+ library is a parametric geometry environment meant to be used as programming interface by designers. Form exploration strategies based on parametric variations depend on the internal logic description, a key role for form generation. In most commercial CAD software, geometric data structures are often predefined objects, thus constraining the form exploration, whereas digital architectural research and teaching are in need for an encompassing tool able to step beyond new software products limitations.
keywords Parametric design, programming language, architectural Geometry, pro-cessing
series CAAD Futures
email
last changed 2009/06/08 20:53

_id 8324
authors Musso, Arne
year 1983
title Justifying Designs
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1983.x.k6l
source Proceedings of the International Conference eCAADe [European Computer Aided Architectural Design Education] Brussels (Belgium) 1983, pp. 0.1-0.9
summary A distinction is made between non-justified (not 'unjustified') and justified designs. A good justification requires that a description of the solution space and a rule for selecting one solution should be given. The old but rarely used concept of the planning model is described and it is stressed that it is a useful aid when justifying design decisions. A simple example is presented to illustrate the method. It is pointed out that the use of computers can be helpful when dealing with large solution spaces, complicated evaluation rules and high demands on the quality of the justification. An increasing demand for design justification is observed, which may result in increased computer application. The hope is expressed that planning models will be used in this connection for better communication.
keywords Planning Model, Design Decisions, Communication
series eCAADe
more http://www.tu-berlin.de
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id 08c4
authors Mylopoulos, John, Shibahara, Tetsutaro and Tsotsos, John K.
year 1983
title Building Knowledge-Based Systems : The PSN Experience
source IEEE Computer. IEEE Computer Society, October, 1983. vol. 16: pp. 83-88. includes bibliography
summary Knowledge-representation languages have been classified traditionally as declarative or procedural, depending on whether their basic features come from mathematical logic or data structures on one hand, or from programming languages on the other hand. Procedural representation languages are particularly well suited for heuristic knowledge, and their use can lead to efficient searching on the part of an expert system. Many attempts have been made to integrate features of declarative and procedural representation languages. PSN is one attempt that focuses on the integration of semantic network and procedural notions
keywords systems, knowledge base, semantic networks, integration,
series CADline
last changed 2003/06/02 13:58

_id 413f
authors Wirth, Niklaus
year 1983
title Programming in Modula-2
source 176 p. : ill. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1983. 2nd ed.: includes bibliography and index.--- Text and Monographs in Computer Science Series edited by Gries, David
summary An introduction to programming in general and a manual for programming in Modula-2. It covers all facilities of that language. Part 1 covers basic notions of the variable, expression, assignment, conditional and repetitive statement, and array data structures. Part 2 introduces the important concept of the procedure or subroutine. Part 3 is concerned with data types and structures, and Part 4 introduces the notion of the module
keywords programming, languages, MODULA-2, education
series CADline
last changed 1999/02/12 15:10

_id bacd
authors Abadí Abbo, Isaac
year 1999
title APPLICATION OF SPATIAL DESIGN ABILITY IN A POSTGRADUATE COURSE
source Full-scale Modeling and the Simulation of Light [Proceedings of the 7th European Full-scale Modeling Association Conference / ISBN 3-85437-167-5] Florence (Italy) 18-20 February 1999, pp. 75-82
summary Spatial Design Ability (SDA) has been defined by the author (1983) as the capacity to anticipate the effects (psychological impressions) that architectural spaces or its components produce in observers or users. This concept, which requires the evaluation of spaces by the people that uses it, was proposed as a guideline to a Masters Degree Course in Architectural Design at the Universidad Autonoma de Aguascalientes in Mexico. The theory and the exercises required for the experience needed a model that could simulate spaces in terms of all the variables involved. Full-scale modeling as has been tested in previous research, offered the most effective mean to experiment with space. A simple, primitive model was designed and built: an articulated ceiling that allows variation in height and shape, and a series of wooden panels for the walls and structure. Several exercises were carried out, mainly to experience cause -effect relationships between space and the psychological impressions they produce. Students researched into spatial taxonomy, intentional sequences of space and spatial character. Results showed that students achieved the expected anticipation of space and that full-scale modeling, even with a simple model, proved to be an effective tool for this purpose. The low cost of the model and the short time it took to be built, opens an important possibility for Institutions involved in architectural studies, both as a research and as a learning tool.
keywords Spatial Design Ability, Architectural Space, User Evaluation, Learning, Model Simulation, Real Environments
series other
type normal paper
email
more http://info.tuwien.ac.at/efa
last changed 2004/05/04 11:27

_id ecaade2009_123
id ecaade2009_123
authors Achten, Henri; Beetz, Jakob
year 2009
title What Happened to Collaborative Design?
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2009.357
source Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design [27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-8-9] Istanbul (Turkey) 16-19 September 2009, pp. 357-366
summary In this paper we present the results of a comprehensive literature survey on the development of collaborative design. We reviewed 324 papers on collaborative design, taken from various sources (conferences, journals, and PhD-theses). We grouped the papers based on common themes, and in that way derived a classification of themes through the last 25 years (1983-2008). Each category is described, its development, and key publications are identified.
wos WOS:000334282200043
keywords Collaborative design
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id 2387
authors Akin, Omer, Baykan, Can D. and Rao, Radha D.
year 1983
title Searching in the UNIX Directory
source December, 1983. 19 p. : ill., tables. includes bibliography
summary The structure of the directory space and subjects search behaviors in the UNIX operating system environment are examined. Protocol analysis with two subjects and survey of the contents of the directory space of all users of E-VAX and X-VAX systems in the Architecture and Computer Science Systems at Carnegie Mellon University were conducted. Depth first search characterized both the organization of the directories and the behavior of the subjects. Single step as opposed to multiple step traversal of the directory tree was also prevalent in the subject`s behaviors. Recommendations for system friendliness, in term of reusability, orientation, robustness, and consistency are developed
keywords UNIX, user interface, protocol analysis
series CADline
email
last changed 2003/06/02 13:58

_id 8d59
authors Andersen, J.M.
year 1983
title CAD in Architectural Practice
source Mechanical Engineering. July, 1983. pp. 48-54 : ill. includes a short bibliography
summary A leading architecture/engineering firm has made use of in- house computer system since 1963. This paper discusses some special topics in using computers for the design of HVAC systems, and the process of implementing CAD in the HVAC engineering practice
keywords computer graphics, HVAC, applications, practice, architecture
series CADline
last changed 2003/06/02 13:58

_id 21d8
authors Balas, Egon and Toth, Paolo
year 1983
title Branch and Bound Methods for the Traveling Salesman Problem
source December, 1983, 65 p. : ill., tables. Includes bibliography
summary This paper reviews the state of the art in enumerative solution methods for the traveling salesman problem (TSP). The introduction (Section 1) discusses the main ingredients of branch and bound methods for the TSP. Sections 2,3 and 4 discuss classes of methods based on three different relaxation of the TSP: the assignment problem with the TSP cost function, the 1-tree problem with a Lagrangean objective function, and the assignment problem with a lagrangean objective function. Section 5 briefly reviews some other relaxations of the TSP, while section 6 discusses the performance of some state of the art computer codes. Besides material from the literature, the paper also includes the results and statistical analysis of some computational experiments designed for the purposes of this review
keywords relaxation, branch-and-bound, algorithms, applications
series CADline
last changed 2003/06/02 13:58

_id e118
authors Balas, Egon
year 1983
title Disjunctive Programming and a Hierarchy of Relaxations for Discrete Optimization Problems
source December, 1983. 38 p. : ill. includes bibliography
summary The author discuss a new conceptual framework for the convexification of discrete optimization problems, and a general technique for obtaining approximations to the convex hull of the feasible set. The concepts come from disjunctive programming and the key tool is a description of the convex hull of a union of polyhedra in terms of a higher dimensional polyhedron. Although this description was known for several years, only recently was it shown by Jeroslow and Lowe to yield improved representations of discrete optimization problems. The author expresses the feasible set of a discrete optimization problem as the intersection (conjunction) of unions of polyhedra, and define an operation that takes one such expression into another, equivalent one, with fewer conjuncts. He then introduces a class of relaxations based on replacing each conjunct (union of polyhedra) by its convex hull. The strength of the relaxations increases as the number of conjuncts decreases, and the class of relaxations forms a hierarchy that spans the spectrum between the common linear programming relaxation, and the convex hull of the feasible set itself. Instances where this approach presents advantages include critical path problems in disjunctive graphs, network synthesis problems, certain fixed charge network flow problems, etc. The approach on the first of these problems is illustrated, which is a model for machine sequencing
keywords polyhedra, computational geometry, optimization, programming, convex hull, graphs
series CADline
last changed 1999/02/12 15:07

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