Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ceb1
authors	Maver, T.
year	1984
title	What is eCAADe?
source	The Third European Conference on CAD in the Education of Architecture [eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Helsinki (Finnland) 20-22 September 1984.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1984.x.d0s
summary	The main interest of the organisation is to improve the design, teaching. The design remains the core of the professional education, while computer science can support a better understanding of the design methods. Computers should amplify the human capabilities like engines allowed to carry higher forces, radio and television enabled communication over larger distances and computers today should aid the human intellectual activities, to gain a better insight in design methodology, to investigate the design process.Design research should study more extensively how buildings behave, the integration and interaction of different disciplines which contribute to the optimization of a design and the design criteria. Computers could increase the possibility to satisfy building regulations, to access and update information, to model the design process and to understand how decisions affect the building quality (functional and economical as well as formal aspects). More effort and money should be spent on this research. The organisation has been sponsored by the EEC for bringing CAAD (Computer Aided Architectural Design) educational material at the disposal of the design teachers. The Helsinki conference is the third European meeting (after Delft 1982 and Brussels 1983) which concentrates on information and experience exchange in CAAD-education and looks for common interests and collaboration. A specific joint study program works on typical audiovisual material and lecture notes, which will be updated according to teacher's needs. A demand has been done to implement an integrated CAAD package. eCAADe focuses to integrate computer approaches across country boundaries as well as across disciplinary boundaries, as to reach a higher quality of the design education.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	6eaa
authors	O’Connell, Dermot
year	1983
title	An Educational Strategy for CAAD and its Implementation in a New System with a Sophisticated Interface
source	Proceedings of the International Conference eCAADe [European Computer Aided Architectural Design Education] Brussels (Belgium) 1983, pp. I.1-I.19
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1983.x.i0c
summary	Reasons are examined for the slower uptake of CAD in architecture than in engineering. An appropriate response to Computer-Aided Architectural Design is overdue from the educational sector. Schools of Architecture should put CAAD to the forefront in their plans, taking an ambitious long-term view and aiming for high-quality system design to anticipate the industry's drive to produce first-class equipment progressively more cheaply. Schools should press for changes in the way facilities are supplied to them. They should discard obsolete software, buy software commercially, stick to what they can do best, and plan for concomitant changes across the curriculum. A new CAAD system with the emphasis on the design interface being implemented in UCD School of Architecture is briefly described.
keywords	CAAD, System Design
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	0127
authors	Durand, Yves
year	1983
title	Perspective Drawings of Architectural Scenes Calculated by Fortranprograms which Make Use of Hidden Line Algorithms and "Solid Modeling" in APL for the Data Preparation.
source	Proceedings of the International Conference eCAADe [European Computer Aided Architectural Design Education] Brussels (Belgium) 1983, pp. III.36-III.69
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1983.x.x5q
summary	This paper gives an account of works recently undertaken by the Department of Architecture of Mons Polytechnic School (Belgium) about a program of computer-assisted design. That program, written in FORTRAN, has been elaborated with the object of drawing perspective architectural scenes on digital plotters or graphic printers and of eliminating hidden lines from these scenes. Two algorithms, that yield good results for automatic search of observer's position in terms of orientation and for the computation of hidden lines in case of numerous segments and opaque surfaces, are presented. Some graphic examples are provided. An algorithm of previous classifying of segments and opaque surfaces is propounded. The precision of calculations and the magnitude of tolerances for parametric operations of comparison are discussed. The use of APL to introduce, modify or correct data is approached; in this way, a survey of potential application of APL for solid modeling is suggested.
keywords	Computer-assisted Design, FORTRAN
series	eCAADe
more	http://www.fpms.ac.be
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	sigradi2006_e028c
id	sigradi2006_e028c
authors	Griffith, Kenfield; Sass, Larry and Michaud, Dennis
year	2006
title	A strategy for complex-curved building design:Design structure with Bi-lateral contouring as integrally connected ribs
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 465-469
summary	Shapes in designs created by architects such as Gehry Partners (Shelden, 2002), Foster and Partners, and Kohn Peterson and Fox rely on computational processes for rationalizing complex geometry for building construction. Rationalization is the reduction of a complete geometric shape into discrete components. Unfortunately, for many architects the rationalization is limited reducing solid models to surfaces or data on spread sheets for contractors to follow. Rationalized models produced by the firms listed above do not offer strategies for construction or digital fabrication. For the physical production of CAD description an alternative to the rationalized description is needed. This paper examines the coupling of digital rationalization and digital fabrication with physical mockups (Rich, 1989). Our aim is to explore complex relationships found in early and mid stage design phases when digital fabrication is used to produce design outcomes. Results of our investigation will aid architects and engineers in addressing the complications found in the translation of design models embedded with precision to constructible geometries. We present an algorithmically based approach to design rationalization that supports physical production as well as surface production of desktop models. Our approach is an alternative to conventional rapid prototyping that builds objects by assembly of laterally sliced contours from a solid model. We explored an improved product description for rapid manufacture as bilateral contouring for structure and panelling for strength (Kolarevic, 2003). Infrastructure typically found within aerospace, automotive, and shipbuilding industries, bilateral contouring is an organized matrix of horizontal and vertical interlocking ribs evenly distributed along a surface. These structures are monocoque and semi-monocoque assemblies composed of structural ribs and skinning attached by rivets and adhesives. Alternative, bi-lateral contouring discussed is an interlocking matrix of plywood strips having integral joinery for assembly. Unlike traditional methods of building representations through malleable materials for creating tangible objects (Friedman, 2002), this approach constructs with the implication for building life-size solutions. Three algorithms are presented as examples of rationalized design production with physical results. The first algorithm [Figure 1] deconstructs an initial 2D curved form into ribbed slices to be assembled through integral connections constructed as part of the rib solution. The second algorithm [Figure 2] deconstructs curved forms of greater complexity. The algorithm walks along the surface extracting surface information along horizontal and vertical axes saving surface information resulting in a ribbed structure of slight double curvature. The final algorithm [Figure 3] is expressed as plug-in software for Rhino that deconstructs a design to components for assembly as rib structures. The plug-in also translates geometries to a flatten position for 2D fabrication. The software demonstrates the full scope of the research exploration. Studies published by Dodgson argued that innovation technology (IvT) (Dodgson, Gann, Salter, 2004) helped in solving projects like the Guggenheim in Bilbao, the leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy, and the Millennium Bridge in London. Similarly, the method discussed in this paper will aid in solving physical production problems with complex building forms. References Bentley, P.J. (Ed.). Evolutionary Design by Computers. Morgan Kaufman Publishers Inc. San Francisco, CA, 1-73 Celani, G, (2004) “From simple to complex: using AutoCAD to build generative design systems” in: L. Caldas and J. Duarte (org.) Implementations issues in generative design systems. First Intl. Conference on Design Computing and Cognition, July 2004 Dodgson M, Gann D.M., Salter A, (2004), “Impact of Innovation Technology on Engineering Problem Solving: Lessons from High Profile Public Projects,” Industrial Dynamics, Innovation and Development, 2004 Dristas, (2004) “Design Operators.” Thesis. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2004 Friedman, M, (2002), Gehry Talks: Architecture + Practice, Universe Publishing, New York, NY, 2002 Kolarevic, B, (2003), Architecture in the Digital Age: Design and Manufacturing, Spon Press, London, UK, 2003 Opas J, Bochnick H, Tuomi J, (1994), “Manufacturability Analysis as a Part of CAD/CAM Integration”, Intelligent Systems in Design and Manufacturing, 261-292 Rudolph S, Alber R, (2002), “An Evolutionary Approach to the Inverse Problem in Rule-Based Design Representations”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 329-350 Rich M, (1989), Digital Mockup, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Reston, VA, 1989 Schön, D., The Reflective Practitioner: How Professional Think in Action. Basic Books. 1983 Shelden, D, (2003), “Digital Surface Representation and the Constructability of Gehry’s Architecture.” Diss. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2003 Smithers T, Conkie A, Doheny J, Logan B, Millington K, (1989), “Design as Intelligent Behaviour: An AI in Design Thesis Programme”, Artificial Intelligence in Design, 293-334 Smithers T, (2002), “Synthesis in Designing”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 3-24 Stiny, G, (1977), “Ice-ray: a note on the generation of Chinese lattice designs” Environmental and Planning B, volume 4, pp. 89-98
keywords	Digital fabrication; bilateral contouring; integral connection; complex-curve
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	ecaade2009_123
id	ecaade2009_123
authors	Achten, Henri; Beetz, Jakob
year	2009
title	What Happened to Collaborative Design?
source	Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design [27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-8-9] Istanbul (Turkey) 16-19 September 2009, pp. 357-366
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2009.357
wos	WOS:000334282200043
summary	In this paper we present the results of a comprehensive literature survey on the development of collaborative design. We reviewed 324 papers on collaborative design, taken from various sources (conferences, journals, and PhD-theses). We grouped the papers based on common themes, and in that way derived a classification of themes through the last 25 years (1983-2008). Each category is described, its development, and key publications are identified.
keywords	Collaborative design
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	4052
authors	Gero, John S., Akiner , Tuncer V. and Radford, Antony D.
year	1983
title	What's What and What's Where : Knowledge Engineering in the Representation of Building by Computer
source	1983. 205-215 pp. : ill. floor planes. include a short bibliography
summary	Knowledge engineering allows for the encoding of both numeric and symbolic knowledge as inferences. It provides a fundamentally different means of representing buildings than do traditional data structures and databases. A prototypical knowledge engineering reasoning system which reasons about topological relationships, geometric entities and attributes of buildings is described. It is applied in the analysis of an existing small hotel. Using knowledge engineering we can expect future CAAD system to be different to the one with which we have become familiar
keywords	building, representation, reasoning, knowledge, analysis, evaluation, systems
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	a456
authors	Gould, J.D., Conti, J. and Hovanyecz, T.
year	1983
title	Composing Letters with a Simulated Listening Typewriter
source	Communications of the ACM. April, 1983. vol. 26: pp. 295-308 : ill. graphs, tables. includes bibliography
summary	With a listening typewriter, what an author says would be automatically recognized and displayed in front of him or her. However, speech recognition is not yet advanced enough to provide people with a reliable listening typewriter. An aim of the authors' experiments was to determine if an imperfect listening typewriter would be useful for composing letters. Participants dictated letters, either in isolated words or in consecutive word speech. They did this with simulations of listening typewriters that recognized either a limited vocabulary (1000 or 5000 words) or an unlimited vocabulary. Results suggest that some versions, even upon first using them, could be at least as good as traditional methods of handwriting and dictating. Isolated word speech with large vocabularies may provide the basis for a useful listening typewriter
keywords	natural languages, applications, systems, business, AI
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 14:41

_id	avocaad_2001_02
id	avocaad_2001_02
authors	Cheng-Yuan Lin, Yu-Tung Liu
year	2001
title	A digital Procedure of Building Construction: A practical project
source	AVOCAAD - ADDED VALUE OF COMPUTER AIDED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Nys Koenraad, Provoost Tom, Verbeke Johan, Verleye Johan (Eds.), (2001) Hogeschool voor Wetenschap en Kunst - Departement Architectuur Sint-Lucas, Campus Brussel, ISBN 80-76101-05-1
summary	In earlier times in which computers have not yet been developed well, there has been some researches regarding representation using conventional media (Gombrich, 1960; Arnheim, 1970). For ancient architects, the design process was described abstractly by text (Hewitt, 1985; Cable, 1983); the process evolved from unselfconscious to conscious ways (Alexander, 1964). Till the appearance of 2D drawings, these drawings could only express abstract visual thinking and visually conceptualized vocabulary (Goldschmidt, 1999). Then with the massive use of physical models in the Renaissance, the form and space of architecture was given better precision (Millon, 1994). Researches continued their attempts to identify the nature of different design tools (Eastman and Fereshe, 1994). Simon (1981) figured out that human increasingly relies on other specialists, computational agents, and materials referred to augment their cognitive abilities. This discourse was verified by recent research on conception of design and the expression using digital technologies (McCullough, 1996; Perez-Gomez and Pelletier, 1997). While other design tools did not change as much as representation (Panofsky, 1991; Koch, 1997), the involvement of computers in conventional architecture design arouses a new design thinking of digital architecture (Liu, 1996; Krawczyk, 1997; Murray, 1997; Wertheim, 1999). The notion of the link between ideas and media is emphasized throughout various fields, such as architectural education (Radford, 2000), Internet, and restoration of historical architecture (Potier et al., 2000). Information technology is also an important tool for civil engineering projects (Choi and Ibbs, 1989). Compared with conventional design media, computers avoid some errors in the process (Zaera, 1997). However, most of the application of computers to construction is restricted to simulations in building process (Halpin, 1990). It is worth studying how to employ computer technology meaningfully to bring significant changes to concept stage during the process of building construction (Madazo, 2000; Dave, 2000) and communication (Haymaker, 2000).In architectural design, concept design was achieved through drawings and models (Mitchell, 1997), while the working drawings and even shop drawings were brewed and communicated through drawings only. However, the most effective method of shaping building elements is to build models by computer (Madrazo, 1999). With the trend of 3D visualization (Johnson and Clayton, 1998) and the difference of designing between the physical environment and virtual environment (Maher et al. 2000), we intend to study the possibilities of using digital models, in addition to drawings, as a critical media in the conceptual stage of building construction process in the near future (just as the critical role that physical models played in early design process in the Renaissance). This research is combined with two practical building projects, following the progress of construction by using digital models and animations to simulate the structural layouts of the projects. We also tried to solve the complicated and even conflicting problems in the detail and piping design process through an easily accessible and precise interface. An attempt was made to delineate the hierarchy of the elements in a single structural and constructional system, and the corresponding relations among the systems. Since building construction is often complicated and even conflicting, precision needed to complete the projects can not be based merely on 2D drawings with some imagination. The purpose of this paper is to describe all the related elements according to precision and correctness, to discuss every possibility of different thinking in design of electric-mechanical engineering, to receive feedback from the construction projects in the real world, and to compare the digital models with conventional drawings.Through the application of this research, the subtle relations between the conventional drawings and digital models can be used in the area of building construction. Moreover, a theoretical model and standard process is proposed by using conventional drawings, digital models and physical buildings. By introducing the intervention of digital media in design process of working drawings and shop drawings, there is an opportune chance to use the digital media as a prominent design tool. This study extends the use of digital model and animation from design process to construction process. However, the entire construction process involves various details and exceptions, which are not discussed in this paper. These limitations should be explored in future studies.
series	AVOCAAD
email
last changed	2005/09/09 10:48

_id	0faa
authors	Duelund Mortensen, Peder
year	1991
title	THE FULL-SCALE MODEL WORKSHOP
source	Proceedings of the 3rd European Full-Scale Modelling Conference / ISBN 91-7740044-5 / Lund (Sweden) 13-16 September 1990, pp. 10-11
summary	The workshop is an institution, available for use by the public and established at the Laboratory of Housing in the Art Academy's school of Architecture for a 3 year trial period beginning April 1985. This resumé contains brief descriptions of a variety of representative model projects and an overview of all projects carried out so far, including the pilot projects from 1983 and planned projects to and including January 1987. The Full Scale Model Workshop builds full size models of buildings, rooms and parts of buildings. The purpose of the Full Scale Model Workshop is to promote communication among building's users. The workshop is a tool in an attempt to build bridges between theory and practice in research, experimentation and communication of research results. New ideas and experiments of various sorts can be tried out cheaply, quickly and efficiently through the building of full scale models. Changes can be done on the spot as a planned part of the project and on the basis of ideas and experiments achieved through the model work itself. Buildings and their space can thus be communicated directly to all involved persons, regardless of technical background or training in evaluation of building projects.
keywords	Full-scale Modeling, Model Simulation, Real Environments
series	other
type	normal paper
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/efa
last changed	2004/05/04 15:23

_id	8e9b
authors	Foque, R. and Hashimshony, R.
year	1983
title	Experience of a Design Exercise, Making Use of the Programs: Goal, Bible & Gloss (Developed by Abacus)
source	Proceedings of the International Conference eCAADe [European Computer Aided Architectural Design Education] Brussels (Belgium) 1983, pp. II.1-II.9
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1983.x.m4v
summary	A 6 weeks (2 days a week) design exercise, making use of the above programs, was held the last bimester in the Faculty of Architecture in TH Delft. This exercise was an experimental one for the students, as well as for the teachers. As the exercise had an experimental character, it is clear that a lot should be learned from that experience, both from its positive and negative outcomes. The paper will try to evaluate on this point for the benefit of those intending to set up similar projects.
keywords	Experimental Exercise
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	620a
authors	Galle, Per
year	1983
title	A Theorem Relating to Exhaustive Generation of Floor Plans
source	Bulletin of Computer Aided Architectural Design. May, 1983. pp. 30-33 : ill
summary	Many problems arise in connection with automated design of architectural floor plans. If modular grids are used, one problem is to avoid repeated generation of the same plan on different modular grids. Using the concept of 'modular complexity,' the paper presents and proves a theorem which offers a solution to this problem
keywords	automation, design, planning, architecture, floor plans, grids, search, synthesis
series	CADline
last changed	1999/02/12 15:08

_id	1247
authors	Hasell, Mary Joyce
year	1983
title	Gaming Simulation: A Communication Tool for Architects and Designers
source	University of Michigan
summary	In today's technological society, people spend more and more time in built environments that they have little or no control in shaping. There is also a large gap in communication between designers of the built environment and non-designers. The language that non-designers use to communicate specific spatial needs, whether aesthetic or functional, is different from the formal language that designers use to communicate these issues with each other. Gaming simulation, as a communication tool, has a number Note of characteristics that make it useful for improving communication and increasing participation among designers and non-designers. In this study, a method of teaching the design of gaming simulation to designers of the built environment is developed. This method includes a Game Design Index or cataloging system of gaming tehniques, within the context of a game design process. A questionnaire was used to interview the designers of the most current physical design games about the gaming techniques in their games. Their answers were organized into the Game Design Index and set within the context of a process for designing a game. This process was tested by teaching a course to graduate students in Urban Planning and Architecture. Further testing was done by holding a game design workshop for professional architects. The findings indicate that it is possible to analyze existing games for their gaming techniques and to index them in an organized way. It is also possible to add this index to an existing game design process. By using this process, graduate students were able to design gaming simulations of high quality, although professionals who attended a day-and-a-half workshop, were not so successful. This latter problem was primarily the result of the complexity of the task and the time constraint imposed. This dissertation describes the game design process that was used to teach neophytes to design games as well as the Game Design Indexes for ten existing games. A comprehensive review of games concerned with physical design is included
series	thesis:PhD
email
last changed	2003/02/12 22:37

_id	c87f
authors	Laing, L.
year	1983
title	Simulation of the Emergency Evacuation of Buildings in the Event of Fire
source	Proceedings of the International Conference eCAADe [European Computer Aided Architectural Design Education] Brussels (Belgium) 1983, pp. II.10-II.22
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1983.x.t1l
summary	The paper describes an application of CAAD techniques by Final Year architecture students using the computer program AIR-Q to dynamically simulate the emergency evacuation of people from a multi-storey department store. This is presented in the context of a fire emergency and reference made to the local Building Regulations which govern the size and location of fire exits. It is suggested that the technique not only provides students and designers with an easily assimilated understanding of the consequences of design decisions but also allows alternative design solutions to be quickly compared in a search for the optional design strategy. The exercise also demonstrates, to the students, the logic behind the rules contained in the Fire Regulations while demonstrating possible weaknesses and inadequacies of the empirical approach that these regulations are constrained to adopt.
keywords	CAAD Techniques, Fire Regulations
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	e806
authors	Maver, T.W.
year	1987
title	The New Studio: CAD and the Workstation - State of the Art
source	Architectural Education and the Information Explosion [eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Zurich (Switzerland) 5-7 September 1987.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1987.x.g1r
summary	This presentation draws on three main sources: (i) reportage of the ATHENA project at MIT, (ii) the experience of the author as a Professor of CAAD, (iii) the work of the eCAADe on the social impacts of CAAD. // Project ATHENA was introduced to MIT in May 1983 as an experiment in the potential uses of advanced computer technology throughout the University curriculum. By the end of the project a network of about 2000 high performance graphics workstations - supplied mainly by IBM and DEC - will have been installed; about half of MIT's $20 million investment is being devoted to the development of new applications software for teaching across almost all the academic Departments, including Architecture.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ecaade2013_139
id	ecaade2013_139
authors	Mendes, Leticia Teixeira; Beirão, José Nuno; Duarte, José Pinto and Celani, Gabriela
year	2013
title	A Bottom-Up Social Housing System Described with Shape Grammars
source	Stouffs, Rudi and Sariyildiz, Sevil (eds.), Computation and Performance – Proceedings of the 31st eCAADe Conference – Volume 2, Faculty of Architecture, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands, 18-20 September 2013, pp. 705-714
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2013.2.705
wos	WOS:000340643600073
summary	This paper presents the analysis of a bottom-up design system using shape grammars. This research is part of a larger study that proposes the development of a generic grammar to improve the quality of site development in social housing plans, including the improvement of their public spaces. We show the use of shape grammars as an analytical method to study the design of Belapur social housing development, designed by Charles Correa, in 1983.
keywords	Design methodology; shape grammar; analytical grammar; low-income housing.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	ecaade2007_114
id	ecaade2007_114
authors	Olmos, Francisco
year	2007
title	Training Programs for Art and Design Learning in the Virtual Studio
source	Predicting the Future [25th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-6-5] Frankfurt am Main (Germany) 26-29 September 2007, pp. 639-646
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2007.639
summary	Computers are very common drawing tools at university design studios but their potential as training tools in arts and design has not been explored in depth. In arts and design the learning process is based on ‘knowing in action’ (Schön 1983). Therefore, training is the keystone of the learning process in arts and design. This action takes the form of a reflective practice based on the manipulation of a media where each media has its own possibilities, its own limits in communicating design ideas or artistic concepts. With the introduction of digital media in the design studio, it is expected that reflective practices in design learning will experience a qualitative change. However, currently there is little understanding of how to use the digital and virtual media in a design studio as a learning tool (Szalapaj 2001), nor of the use of design training programs. In this paper the use of training programs in an experimental design course at a university level, is discussed. This experience was carried out as a PhD research experiment at the Faculty of Architecture and Arts of the Universidad de Los Andes in Merida, Venezuela. The training programs discussed here were designed for an eight week introductory design course in a virtual design studio. The programs were written in VRML and conceived as a virtual design training environment. Each program was designed for a specific design exercise, based on a learning strategy and an interactivity model proposed for object manipulation in design training. A comparative analysis of the data gathered from the course was made of training exercises done with a Cad program and with the training programs and crossing information with other sources. The experiment shows that the training programs, their learning strategy and the interactivity model proposed were successful in guiding the scope of the design exercises during the training process.
keywords	E-learning, virtual studio, design training, virtual environment
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	acadia03_014
id	acadia03_014
authors	Woo, J.-H., Clayton, M., Johnson, R. and Flores, B.
year	2003
title	Case Study of Tacit Knowledge Sharing in a Distributed Design Studio
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, pp. 107-116
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.107
summary	This paper demonstrates the effects of experts’ tacit knowledge on improving architectural students’ design artifacts in a distributed design studio. In geographically distributed design environments, the Internet is an important medium by which architects can share tacit knowledge in the form of dialogue via online communication technologies, such as online chat and Instant Messaging (IM). In spring 2003, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and 8 schools conducted a collaborative design studio to develop a crew restraint system for space flights. Online chat software was used as a primary communication channel. Throughout the entire design studio, NASA professionals served as knowledge holders while undergraduate students participated as knowledge seekers. An interpretive content analysis and case study methodology were used in this study. We qualitatively observed the interactions between NASA and the students based upon two aspects: knowledge reflection and design improvement. Data were collected using document analysis of all knowledge sources and students’ design artifacts. The findings of this study indicate that the online chat system is useful in sharing tacit knowledge for the early part of design processes in a distributed design environment. Experts’ tacit knowledge appears to not only influence how students understand problems, but how they initiate conceptual design. This study provides empirical evidence regarding tacit knowledge sharing, and strengthens Schon’s (1983) claim about knowledge reflection in design studio. Furthermore, this study introduces architectural practitioners to the practical necessity of tacit knowledge sharing. This study is significant because its findings indicate the appropriate knowledge management strategy for architectural practitioners.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	abb6
authors	Woodbury, Robert F. and Glass, Gregory John
year	1983
title	VEGA : A Geometric Modelling System
source	11 p. : ill. December, 1983. DRC- 48-04-83. includes bibliography
summary	VEGA is an interactive geometric modelling system which has been developed at Carnegie-mellon University primarily for education in architecture and the arts. Its educational use is twofold: first as a medium for description and manipulation of form to aid in creative work and second as a base package of procedures that may be used by advanced architecture students in the creation of specialized modelling packages. VEGA is written in PASCAL. There are versions of VEGA currently running on VAX 11/780 computer under the UNIX and VMS operating systems. VEGA has been designed to run on a stand-alone personal computer. Currently VEGA is being converted to run on Sun Microsystems and PERQ machines. VEGA is used in the undergraduate curriculum of the School of Architecture at Carnegie-Mellon University. Its primary use to date has been as a means to introduce geometric modelling to architecture students who have minimal computer experience. VEGA may be viewed as a complete geometric modelling package or as a programming aid for development of special purpose geometric modelling programs. To date, one such specialized system, a robot arm design package, has been created as a student project. The development of the VEGA system is continuing. Current areas of interest include the development of more powerful geometric operations on polyhedra, parametric shapes and assemblies, instancing of sub- assemblies, user definition of primitive shapes and an interactive macro language for the manipulation of form
keywords	assemblies, user interface, modeling, polyhedra, CAD, education, architecture, geometric modeling, solid modeling
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	8e02
authors	Brown, A.G.P. and Coenen, F.P.
year	2000
title	Spatial reasoning: improving computational efficiency
source	Automation in Construction 9 (4) (2000) pp. 361-367
summary	When spatial data is analysed the result is often very computer intensive: even by the standards of contemporary technologies, the machine power needed is great and the processing times significant. This is particularly so in 3-D and 4-D scenarios. What we describe here is a technique, which tackles this and associated problems. The technique is founded in the idea of quad-tesseral addressing; a technique, which was originally applied to the analysis of atomic structures. It is based on ideas concerning Hierarchical clustering developed in the 1960s and 1970s to improve data access time [G.M. Morton, A computer oriented geodetic database and a new technique on file sequencing, IBM Canada, 1996.], and on atomic isohedral (same shape) tiling strategies developed in the 1970s and 1980s concerned with group theory [B. Grunbaum, G.C. Shephard, Tilings and Patterns, Freeman, New York, 1987.]. The technique was first suggested as a suitable representation for GIS in the early 1980s when the two strands were brought together and a tesseral arithmetic applied [F.C. Holdroyd, The Geometry of Tiling Hierarchies, Ars Combanitoria 16B (1983) 211–244.; S.B.M. Bell, B.M. Diaz, F.C. Holroyd, M.J.J. Jackson, Spatially referenced methods of processing raster and vector data, Image and Vision Computing 1 (4) (1983) 211–220.; Diaz, S.B.M. Bell, Spatial Data Processing Using Tesseral Methods, Natural Environment Research Council, Swindon, 1986.]. Here, we describe how that technique can equally be applied to the analysis of environmental interaction with built forms. The way in which the technique deals with the problems described is first to linearise the three-dimensional (3-D) space being investigated. Then, the reasoning applied to that space is applied within the same environment as the definition of the problem data. We show, with an illustrative example, how the technique can be applied. The problem then remains of how to visualise the results of the analysis so undertaken. We show how this has been accomplished so that the 3-D space and the results are represented in a way which facilitates rapid interpretation of the analysis, which has been carried out.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:22

_id	ab23
authors	Dromey, Geoff R.
year	1983
title	Before Programming : On Teaching Introductory Computing
source	1983? 10 p. includes bibliography
summary	In comparison with most other human intellectual activities, computing is in its infancy despite the progress we seem to have made in such a short time. Consequently, there has been insufficient time for the evolution of 'best ways' to transmit computing concepts and skills. It is therefore prudent to look to more mature disciplines for some guidelines on effective ways to introduce computing to beginners. In this respect the discipline of teaching people to read and write in a natural language is highly relevant. A fundamental characteristic of this latter discipline is that a substantial amount of time is devoted to teaching people to read long before they are asked to write stories, essays, etc. In teaching computing people seem to have overlooked or neglected what corresponds to the reading stage in the process of learning to read and write. In the discussion which follows the author looks at ways of economically giving students the 'computer-reading experience' and preparing them for the more difficult tasks of algorithm design and computer problem-solving
keywords	programming, education,
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

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