Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	e115
authors	Pipes, Alan (Ed.)
year	1986
title	Computer-Aided Architectural Design Futures [Conference Proceedings]
source	International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design / ISBN 0-408-05300-3] Delft (The Netherlands), 18-19 September 1985, 245 p.
summary	Computer-Aided Architectural Design Futures was conceived late one evening in the bar of the Metropole Hotel in Brighton, UK. Those present - veterans of a hundred and one CAD conferences - were bemoaning the degree to which big business was taking over the conference scene: exhibiting was replacing conferring, selling was replacing thinking, products were replacing ideas. Wouldn't it be nice, we agreed, to get back to an 'academic' conference which would take stock of current developments in CAAD and attempt to anticipate the direction of future developments and their impact on architectural practice, on the building industry and on the quality of the built environment? Four major themes are explored in CAAD Futures: (1) Systematic design; (2) Drawing and visualization; (3) Artificial intelligence and knowledge engineering; (4) Implications for practice. // Stimulus papers on these four themes were circulated prior to the Conference, and the conference papers themselves elaborated the issues raised in the stimulus papers in such a way as to encourage discussion. The resulting book, we believe, will be a major reference text for students, researchers and practitioners.
series	CAAD Futures
last changed	1999/04/03 17:58

_id	c5af
authors	Bobrow, Daniel G. and Stefik, Mark J.
year	1986
title	Perspective on Artificial Intelligence Programming
source	Science. February, 1986. vol. 231: pp. 951-956
summary	Programming systems for artificial intelligence application use specialized languages, environments, and knowledge-based tools to reduce the complexity of the programming task. Language style based on procedure, objects logic rules, and constraints reflect different models for organizing programs and facilitate program evaluation and understandability. To make programming easier, multiple styles can be integrated as sublanguages in programming environment. Programming environments provide tools that analyze programs and create informative displays of their structure. Programs can be modified by direct interaction with these displays. These tools and languages are helping computer scientists to regain a sense of control over systems that have become increasingly complex
keywords	programming, AI
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	6ab7
authors	Korson, Tim and McGregor, John D.
year	1990
title	Understanding Object- Oriented : A Unifying Paradigm
source	Communications of the ACM September, 1990. vol. 33: pp. 40-60. includes bibliography.
summary	The purpose of this paper is to introduce terminology, concepts and basic techniques surrounding the object-oriented paradigm. software / OOPS / programming. 63. Koskela, Lauri, Raija Hynynen and Martti Kallavuo, et al. 'Expert Systems in Construction - Initial Experiences.' CAD and Robotics in Architecture and Construction, Proceedings of the International Joint Conference = CAO et Robotique en Architecture et B.T.P. Actes des Journees Internationales. June, 1986. Paris: Hermes, pp. 167-176. includes bibliography and abstracts in French and English. This paper describes development of expert systems for construction applications in the Laboratory of Building Economics of the Technical Research Centre of Finland. Five small expert systems are described. Experiences gained in the development work are evaluated. The future significance of expert systems for the construction industry is discussed, and an approach towards expert systems to be adopted by organizations in the construction industry is suggested
keywords	construction, applications, economics, expert systems, knowledge, evaluation, analysis
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 10:24

_id	68ef
authors	Tweed, Christopher
year	1986
title	A Computing Environment for CAAD Education
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1986.136
source	Teaching and Research Experience with CAAD [4th eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Rome (Italy) 11-13 September 1986, pp. 136-145
summary	This paper describes a modelling system, MOLE (Modelling Objects with Logic Expressions), and its use as a computing environment for teaching architectural undergraduates. The paper also sketches the background to MOLE's development as a medium for research, and identifies benefits conferred on research and teaching through their common interest in MOLE. Teaching at EdCAAD is conducted in what is chiefly a research milieu. Hence our teaching methods exploit the products and experience of research. But the partnership is mutually rewarding, because teaching informs future research efforts through the experience gained from using MOLE. At present, our teaching concentrates on a ten-week elective course for fourth year architectural undergraduates. The main component of the course requires each student to program a simple application related to architectural design. Applications normally require a programming language with access to graphics routines, and in previous years we have used C or, more recently, Prolog with their graphics extensions. For the past two years MOLE has fulfilled this need. The paper begins by explaining the evolution of our approach to CAAD, leading to the development of the description system, MOLE. Section two outlines the main features of the version of MOLE which has been extended to provide a comprehensive computing environment for programming simple architectural applications. MOLE in use is the subject of section three which is illustrated with examples drawn from students' coursework projects and exercises. This is followed by a discussion of the lessons learned from teaching which highlight areas of MOLE's development that need more study. A concluding section summarises what has been learned, and poses vital questions that require answers before we can expect widespread acceptance of CAAD in practice.
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	69c7
authors	Woodbury, Robert F.
year	1986
title	VEGA : A Geometric Modelling System
source	11 p. : ill. Engineering Design Research Center, CMU, April 1986. DRC-48-03-87. includes bibliography
summary	VEGA is a program which models rigid solid objects in three dimensions. Specifically, its domain is assemblies of planar faced polyhedra. VEGA supports a variety of operations to create, modify, query and delete these assemblies. VEGA is intended to serve two purposes: that of a new medium of representation for the design process; and of a programming package to support geometric applications in a wide variety of domains. Here the author addresses primarily the first of these purposes, that of a new medium for design. Designers of physical objects use an external medium, traditionally paper or physical models, not only to record their work, but to provide information which assists in the understanding of implications of design decisions. Designers proceed by performing operations, which reflect internal design decisions, on this external medium. The operations used in design are generally reflective of these physical media. For example, models built of clay tend to be formed by a subtractive processes, whereas models built of wood tend to be additive in nature. Designers who use drawings as their medium still tend to use operations which reflect operations on physical models. Computers provide the fascinating potential to provide a much wider variety of operations at a much greater speed than is available with the traditional means of representation. In addition, a computer based representation can provide quantitative information not easily accessible from traditional forms. This opens the potential for the inclusion of formal means of evaluation in the design process; something which is generally almost absent in traditional design teaching. A computer program which effectively and 'naturally' models physical objects and operations on them would be a valuable assistance to both the teaching and practice design. VEGA has been designed with these objectives in mind. VEGA represents physical objects with a scheme known as boundary representation and provides a wide variety of operations on these objects. VEGA also provides means to associate other, non-geometric, information with the objects it represents. VEGA is implemented under the ANDREW system. It communicates to ANDREW through a graphics package, also developed by the author's group. VEGA is intended to serve as a medium for future studio courses in the Architecture, Industrial Design and Arts education
keywords	geometric modeling, solid modeling, CAD, education, assemblies, B-rep, systems
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/06/02 10:24

_id	6643
authors	Carrara, Gianfranco and Novembri, Gabriele
year	1986
title	Expert System for Building Design
source	Congress of the International Council for Building Research, Studies and Documentation (10th : 1986 : Washington). vol. 2: pp. 651-658. includes bibliography. -- abstract also in French
summary	At the CABD LAB at the University of Rome, an interactive expert system for architecture is being implemented to supervise building design at every stage of development. The system operates by checking the consistency of design choices against given sets of constraints, and by automatically checking the design process. It is therefore an innovation with respect to current architectural software developed as specific design aids. The system is based on a general representation of building objects (from components to the whole building) by means of semantic nets and a set of inferential procedures. The general representation is developed by making explicit the relational structures according to which architects organize their knowledge about building objects. To do this, the `Frame' formalism is used: this is a knowledge representation technique used in the field of artificial intelligence. It is then shown that such an expert CAAD system is a general purpose tool for architectural design, enabling architects to assess any constraint and/or building attribute by means of a declarative method, which in no way affects their own specific design methodologies
keywords	semantic networks, representation, constraints, expert systems, CAD, building, design process, knowledge, frames
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	c27d
authors	Flemming, U., Coyne, R.F. and Glavin, T.J. (et al)
year	1986
title	ROOS1 -- Version One of a Generative Expert System for the Design of Building Layouts
source	17 p. : ill. Pittsburgh: Engineering Design Research Center, Carnegie Mellon University, September, 1986
summary	ROOS1 is a generative expert system for the design of building layouts. The system is intended to complement human designers' performance through (a) its ability to systematically search for alternative solutions with promising trade-offs; and (b) its ability to take a broad range of design concerns into account. Work on the system provides insights into the applicability of Artificial Intelligence techniques to space planning and building design in general. The system is based on a general generate-and-test paradigm. Its main components are a generator, a tester and a control strategy (which is to be expanded later into a genuine planner). The generator is restricted to the allocation of rectangles. The spatial relations above, below, to the left and the right are defined for pairs of objects in a layout and serve as basic design variables which define differences between solutions and govern the enumeration of alternatives. Within the class of layouts it is able to produce, the generator is completely general and able to generate all realizable sets of spatial relations for a given number of objects. In contrast, the tester is domain-specific and incorporates knowledge about the quality of layouts in a specific domain. The system can be applied to various domains by running it with the appropriate tester and, possibly, the appropriate control strategy. The control strategy itself mediates between planner and tester and, when expanded into a planner, is able to streamline the search for alternatives. The system will go through a sequence of versions with increasing complexity. Each version will have a conceptually clean and clear architecture, and it is the authors' intention to evaluate each architecture explicitly in terms of its promises and limitations with respect to various domains. The first of these versions is described in the present paper
keywords	enumeration, combinatorics, layout, floor plans, design, methods, architecture, expert systems, planning
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/06/02 14:41

_id	c52d
authors	Gero, John S.
year	1986
title	An Overview of Knowledge Engineering and its Relevance to CAAD
source	Guildford: Butterworth, 1986. pp. 107-119
summary	This paper introduces the concepts of knowledge engineering, a subset of artificial intelligence. It describes means of representing and manipulating non-numeric design knowledge using symbolic inference mechanisms. It then describes a subset of knowledge engineering--expert systems. Knowledge- based systems in computer-aided architectural design are presented as a new direction for CAAD which expands the role of the computer in design. Expert systems within a CAAD environment are discussed
keywords	AI, knowledge base, design, architecture, CAD, representation, expert systems
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	81ae
authors	Rasdorf, William J. and Parks, Linda M.
year	1986
title	Expert Systems and Engineering Design Knowledge
source	Electronic Computation Conference Proceedings (9th : 1986 : Birmingham, AL) American Society of Civil Engineers, pp. 28-42. CADLINE has abstract only.
summary	Of all the contributions of artificial intelligence (AI), expert systems show some of the most significant promise for engineering applications. An expert system provides a framework for acquiring, representing, and using knowledge about a particular application's domain. The role of knowledge in engineering design merits closer attention so that AI-oriented computer-aided engineering (CAE) systems can be developed and maintained systematically. Because 'knowledge' in engineering applications is loosely defined, it is necessary to identify knowledge types and the correlations between them before widespread engineering design applications can be achieved. The types of domain knowledge; facts, procedures, judgments, and control; differ from the classes of that knowledge; creative, innovative, and routine. Feasible engineering tasks for expert systems can be determined based on these types and classes of knowledge. Prototype expert systems have been developed for civil engineering applications to assist with interpretation, design, planning, diagnosis, control, and other engineering system functions. A number of these are described herein. Interpretive tasks require reasoning about a task in light of the knowledge available, while generative tasks create potential solutions to be tested against constraints. Only after classifying the domain by type and level can the engineer select an appropriate knowledge-engineering tool for the domain being considered. The critical features to be weighed after problem classification are knowledge representation techniques, control strategies, interface requirements, compatibility with traditional systems, and economic considerations. After considering all of these factors in the selection of the expert system took, the engineer can then proceed with the acquisition of knowledge and the construction and use of the expert system
keywords	design, knowledge, civil engineering, expert systems
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	04dd
authors	Zozaya-Gorostiza and Hendrickson, Carlos and Chris
year	1986
title	A Network Representation and Algorithm for Task Planning
source	23 p. : ill Pittsburgh, PA: Engineering Design Research Center CMU, December, 1986. EDRC-12-08-87. includes bibliography.
summary	An activity planning algorithm based on a network representations of conditions and actions is presented. The algorithm performs backward expansions on each desired condition in order to express them as a combination of initial conditions and actions. A global problem network of actions and conditions is used to represent the history of successful conditions expansions. This representation maintains consistency and improves the efficiency of search procedure. Interpretation of this problem network leads to an actions network from which feasible plans are directly obtained. The network algorithm was implemented in LISP and is applied here to solve blockworld problems similar to those found in the artificial intelligence planning literature. However, the algorithm and the network representation are general and intended to be used as an analytical tool in planning systems that formulate sequences of multiple actions
keywords	algorithms, planning, networks, representation, AI
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	c8a8
authors	Cajati, Claudio
year	1986
title	A Fully Integrated Use of Available Media and of Computer Technology for Up-to-date Educational Tools in Architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1986.129
source	ACADIA Workshop ‘86 Proceedings - Houston (Texas - USA) 24-26 October 1986, pp. 129-147
summary	In this paper no general or specific forecast is- made about what is going to happen in the next decade in architectural education. No extrapolation and projection in the future, through more or 1e33 sophisticated technique3, of plausible trends is attempted. Such an effort goes beyond the competence and inteffectual force of the author.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	876b
authors	Christiansson, Per
year	1986
title	Structuring a Learning Building Design System
source	Advancing Building Technology, CIB International Congress (10th : 1986 : Washington D. C.). 9 p. : ill. includes bibliography
summary	It is now vital to aim at formulating computer system modules that possess a high ability to adapt their behavior to fundamental human values and a complex and unstandardized (not uniform) building process but at the same time put constraints on them so that we don't end up with a confusion of computerized routines hard to access, control and understand. In the paper formulations are made of basic artifact skeletons outgoing from the properties to give integrated CAD systems and to those rules by which the growth of the systems are governed. System learning domains including conceptual modelling tools are presented aiming at supporting professional skill, creativity and integration between process actors. The basis for system implementation is frames, descriptive language (PROLOG) and relational databases with regard taken to future possibilities to parallel processing
keywords	modeling, learning, integration, database, AI, design, systems, frames
series	CADline
last changed	1999/02/12 15:07

_id	cc1a
authors	Lien, Kristian, Go Suzuki and Westerberg, Arthur W.
year	1986
title	The Role of Expert Systems Technology In Design
source	[2] 49 p. : diagrams Engineering Design Research Center, CMU, September, 1986 EDRC-06-13-86. includes bibliography.
summary	Using a scenario format, this paper first reviews the nature of chemical process design, showing that designers quickly make major decisions with minimal information and constantly revise their strategy to solve a problem. To automate this activity on a computer will require models of the process being created at several levels of abstraction as well as models that capture the beliefs of the modeler about the abilities of himself, others and the aids available and models of strategies for complex problem solving. The second section of the paper extensively reviews current expert system concepts, illustrating each of them with design examples. It is argued that expert systems are knowledge based. The authors describe many of the control strategies used in today's systems, and also consider different problem representations - rules, logic and frames - and indicate when each might be preferred. The last section presents the authors views on what will be involved in creating a future expert system for design
keywords	engineering, abstraction, expert systems, CAD, design process, representation, knowledge base, frames, control
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 10:24

_id	c7e9
authors	Maver, T.W.
year	2002
title	Predicting the Past, Remembering the Future
source	SIGraDi 2002 - [Proceedings of the 6th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Caracas (Venezuela) 27-29 november 2002, pp. 2-3
summary	Charlas Magistrales 2There never has been such an exciting moment in time in the extraordinary 30 year history of our subject area, as NOW,when the philosophical theoretical and practical issues of virtuality are taking centre stage.The PastThere have, of course, been other defining moments during these exciting 30 years:• the first algorithms for generating building layouts (circa 1965).• the first use of Computer graphics for building appraisal (circa 1966).• the first integrated package for building performance appraisal (circa 1972).• the first computer generated perspective drawings (circa 1973).• the first robust drafting systems (circa 1975).• the first dynamic energy models (circa 1982).• the first photorealistic colour imaging (circa 1986).• the first animations (circa 1988)• the first multimedia systems (circa 1995), and• the first convincing demonstrations of virtual reality (circa 1996).Whereas the CAAD community has been hugely inventive in the development of ICT applications to building design, it hasbeen woefully remiss in its attempts to evaluate the contribution of those developments to the quality of the built environmentor to the efficiency of the design process. In the absence of any real evidence, one can only conjecture regarding the realbenefits which fall, it is suggested, under the following headings:• Verisimilitude: The extraordinary quality of still and animated images of the formal qualities of the interiors and exteriorsof individual buildings and of whole neighborhoods must surely give great comfort to practitioners and their clients thatwhat is intended, formally, is what will be delivered, i.e. WYSIWYG - what you see is what you get.• Sustainability: The power of «first-principle» models of the dynamic energetic behaviour of buildings in response tochanging diurnal and seasonal conditions has the potential to save millions of dollars and dramatically to reduce thedamaging environmental pollution created by badly designed and managed buildings.• Productivity: CAD is now a multi-billion dollar business which offers design decision support systems which operate,effectively, across continents, time-zones, professions and companies.• Communication: Multi-media technology - cheap to deliver but high in value - is changing the way in which we canexplain and understand the past and, envisage and anticipate the future; virtual past and virtual future!MacromyopiaThe late John Lansdown offered the view, in his wonderfully prophetic way, that ...”the future will be just like the past, onlymore so...”So what can we expect the extraordinary trajectory of our subject area to be?To have any chance of being accurate we have to have an understanding of the phenomenon of macromyopia: thephenomenon exhibitted by society of greatly exaggerating the immediate short-term impact of new technologies (particularlythe information technologies) but, more importantly, seriously underestimating their sustained long-term impacts - socially,economically and intellectually . Examples of flawed predictions regarding the the future application of information technologiesinclude:• The British Government in 1880 declined to support the idea of a national telephonic system, backed by the argumentthat there were sufficient small boys in the countryside to run with messages.• Alexander Bell was modest enough to say that: «I am not boasting or exaggerating but I believe, one day, there will bea telephone in every American city».• Tom Watson, in 1943 said: «I think there is a world market for about 5 computers».• In 1977, Ken Olssop of Digital said: «There is no reason for any individuals to have a computer in their home».The FutureJust as the ascent of woman/man-kind can be attributed to her/his capacity to discover amplifiers of the modest humancapability, so we shall discover how best to exploit our most important amplifier - that of the intellect. The more we know themore we can figure; the more we can figure the more we understand; the more we understand the more we can appraise;the more we can appraise the more we can decide; the more we can decide the more we can act; the more we can act themore we can shape; and the more we can shape, the better the chance that we can leave for future generations a trulysustainable built environment which is fit-for-purpose, cost-beneficial, environmentally friendly and culturally significactCentral to this aspiration will be our understanding of the relationship between real and virtual worlds and how to moveeffortlessly between them. We need to be able to design, from within the virtual world, environments which may be real ormay remain virtual or, perhaps, be part real and part virtual.What is certain is that the next 30 years will be every bit as exciting and challenging as the first 30 years.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:55

_id	20a8
authors	Ruffle, Simon
year	1986
title	How Can CAD Provide for the Changing Role of the Architect?
source	Computer-Aided Architectural Design Futures [CAAD Futures Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-408-05300-3] Delft (The Netherlands), 18-19 September 1985, pp. 197-199
summary	At the RIBA Conference of 1981 entitled 'New Opportunities', and more recently at the 1984 ACA Annual Conference on 'Architects in Competition' there has been talk of marketing, new areas of practice, recapturing areas of practice lost to other professions, more accountability to client and public 'the decline of the mystique of the professional'. It is these issues, rather than technical advances in software and hardware, that will be the prime movers in getting computers into widespread practice in the future. In this chapter we will examine how changing attitudes in the profession might affect three practical issues in computing with which the author has been preoccupied in the past year. We will conclude by considering how, in future, early design stage computing may need to be linked to architectural theory, and, as this is a conference where we are encouraged to be outspoken, we will raise the issue of a computer-based theory of architecture.
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2003/05/16 20:58

_id	f3aa
authors	Tyler, Sherman William
year	1986
title	SAUCI. Self-Adaptive User Computer Interfaces
source	Carnegie Mellon University,Pittsburgh
summary	Different approaches to the design of the human-computer interface have been taken in the past. These can be organized into four broad categories: tack-on; intuitive/empirical; formal; and conversational. There are several important interface design criteria that have never been adequately attained in any of these approaches. One is modularity, that is, maintaining a clear separation between the interface and its target system. A second criterion is self-adaptation, or the ability of the interface to modify its own behavior to suit a given individual user. Two further criteria relate to the interface's potential to guide users in performing typical high-level tasks on the target system and to provide intelligent advice on the use of that system. This research was focused on developing an integrated technique for achieving these four design criteria. To that end, an abstract architecture called SAUCI, or the Self-Adaptive User-Computer Interface, was proposed, embodying a knowledge-based, object-oriented approach to interface design. The foundation of this approach rests upon information encoded within sets of objects. This information includes separate knowledge bases describing the individual users, the commands of the target system, and the high-level tasks appropriate for that system. The behavior of the interface is controlled by various methods which call upon the knowledge bases in a rule-governed manner to decide what interface features should be present at each phase of the user's dialogue with the target system. To test the feasibility of the proposed architecture, a working interface was implemented on a Xerox 1108 computer in the LOOPS language, with a UNIX operating system running on a separate minicomputer as the target system. An empirical evaluation of this prototype revealed clear advantages over the standard interface. Closer examination pointed to each of the factors of modularity, task guidance, and user-tailored assistance as playing a significant role in these effects. A discussion of additional applications of this architecture and of areas for future development is offered as further evidence of the value of this approach as a general framework for human-computer interface design.
series	thesis:PhD
last changed	2003/02/12 22:37

_id	6cfe
authors	Wagter, H.
year	1986
title	A New Generation Needs New Tools (A Proposal for a Joint Effort)
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1986.323
source	Teaching and Research Experience with CAAD [4th eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Rome (Italy) 11-13 September 1986, pp. 323-327
summary	After an introduction describing the present situation on computer- programs used in learning environments, some remarks are made on what future programs should look like. Although the design and the building process are both extremely complex, a proposal is made to carry out a project in a joint effort among ECAADE members to achieve a new generation of learning tools. These tools should also be of good service in a consulting environment.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	2df1
authors	Woodbury, Robert F.
year	1986
title	Strategies for Interactive Design Systems
source	20 p. : ill. Pittsburgh, PA: Engineering Design Research Center, September, 1986. EDRC-48-02-87.
summary	An information processing model of human problem solving is used to develop strategies for the design of systems for the interactive generation of designs. Systems of this type are currently not strongly developed anywhere, nor does there exist in the literature a paradigm for their creation. Design is a task which requires different interactive support than that traditionally provided by CAD systems. In this paper, those differences are uncovered by comparison of two tasks: one, named Definition in this paper, which seems to be well supported by existing systems; and the other, the task of Design. Use of an information processing model of human problem solving shows that differences between the tasks can be found in every potentially variant portion of the model. The information processing model is again used as a framework to propose mechanisms to support design. These mechanisms act by changing the underlaying phenomena upon which the information processing model is built and thus effecting changes, either parametric or structural, in the model. The relative importance of the proposed mechanisms is discussed, leading to the conclusion that the interactive support of search is the most strategic direction for future research
keywords	design process, problem solving, research, techniques, user interface, systems
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	82ab
authors	Wrona, Stefan K.
year	1986
title	The Profits of CAAD Can Be Increased by an Integrated Participatory Design Approach
source	Computer-Aided Architectural Design Futures [CAAD Futures Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-408-05300-3] Delft (The Netherlands), 18-19 September 1985, pp. 53-57
summary	Computer-aided Architectural Design is understood in Poland as comprising all computer applications in an architectural design office. In Polish architectural practice (with a few exceptions) it is still under theoretical consideration and in an experimental phase. Therefore if we are talking about the future of CAAD in Poland we are thinking about a much more long-term future than for Western countries. However, if new economic and organizational changes initiated in Poland in the early 1980s continue, future problems and solutions in CAAD will, for us, become similar to those in Western countries.
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2003/05/16 20:58

_id	a70f
authors	Yessios, Chris
year	1986
title	What has yet to be CAD
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1986.029
source	ACADIA Workshop ‘86 Proceedings - Houston (Texas - USA) 24-26 October 1986, pp. 29-36
summary	The theme of this Acadia Conference was to a large extent addressed by Mitchell in his article "'What was Computer-aided design?"', published about two years ago. While one has to agree with most of his points, I find his predictions gloomy enough to wish I could disagree. Luckily, Mitchell has chosen to address what the majority of the profession (and many architectural schools) currently consider to be CAD. It turns out that this CAD is not what CAD is supposed to be. I have, therefore, purposely chosen a title which appears to echo an opposite view. My intention is not to express disagreement but rather to project the other face of CAD, in my own mind, the only CAD which deserves the name. Whether the current CAD should or will be called CAD in the future is of non-essential significance. As teachers of architectural design we need to be concerned that architectural CAD remains, to date, a very immature field. It is CAD only by name, since a true CAD system has yet to be 'discovered". This presentation consists of three major sections. The first reviews why the currently available CAD systems do not have the ingredients which may justify them as design oriented machines. This discussion leads to the identification of architectural modeling and knowledge systems as the two main areas which need to be researched so that they may offer the basis for the development of truly design oriented machines. Each is discussed under a separate section, but the point is also made that the two should work hand-in-hand and should be integrated into a completely unified system.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

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