Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	5f4b
authors	Coyne, R.D.
year	1988
title	Logic Models of Design
source	Pitman, London
summary	This monograph places design in a theoretical context which applies developments in knowledge-based systems, logic programming and planning to design. It addresses two important design issues: the interpretation of designs, which concerns the discovery of implicit design attributes, a key activity in design evaluation that can be modelled by deductive inference in logic programming; and the process of generation, whereby a design description is produced which exhibits these implicit design attributes. Implicit attributes can be seen as analogous to the semantic content of natural language utterances. The work presented here is mainly concerned with design generation, and an operational model of design is investigated in which operations on processes are treated in a similar way to operations on form. It is argued that there are advantages in representing control knowledge as rules in a design system, and that logic is an effective medium for this purpose. This is demonstrated by means of programs developed in Prolog and C using the example of spatial layout in buildings. Primarily, this book is directed at those in artificial intelligence (AI) involved in logic programming, planning and expert systems. However, since AI techniques are finding widespread application in industry, the use of an architectural design example makes this work relevant to architects, designers, engineers and developers of intelligent architectural design software.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	8403
authors	Mitchell, William J., Liggett, Robin S. and Tan, Milton
year	1988
title	The Topdown System and its use in Teaching - An Exploration of Structured, Knowledge-Based Design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1988.251
source	Computing in Design Education [ACADIA Conference Proceedings] Ann Arbor (Michigan / USA) 28-30 October 1988, pp. 251-262
summary	The Topdown System is a shell for use in developing simple (but we believe non-trivial) knowledge-based CAD systems. It provides a data structure, graphics capabilities, a sophisticated user interface, and programming tools for rapid construction of knowledge bases. Implementation is for Macintosh, Macintosh II, IBM PC/AT, PS12, and Sun workstations. The basic idea is that of top-down design - beginning with a very abstract representation, and elaborating that, in step-by-step fashion, into a complete and detailed representation. The basic operations are real-time parametric variation of designs (using the mouse and slide bar) and substitution of objects. Essentially, then, a knowledge-base in Topdown implements a kind of parametric shape grammar. The main applications of Topdown are in introductory teaching of CAD, and (since it provides a very quick and easy way for a user to develop detailed geometric models) to provide a uniform front-end for a variety of different applications. The shell, and some example knowledge-bases, are publicly available. This paper discusses the principles of the Topdown Shell, the implementation of knowledge bases within it, and a variety of practical design applications.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	a62c
authors	Flemming, Ulrich, Coyne, Robert F. and Glavin, Timothy J. (et al)
year	1988
title	A Generative Expert System for the Design of Building Layouts -- Version 2
source	Artificial Intelligence in Engineering: Design. editor. John J. Gero. Elsevier (Computational Mechanics Publications), 1988. PP. 445-464 : ill. includes bibliography
summary	The paper describes an attempt to increase the intelligence of a CAD system by adding capabilities (1) to systematically enumerate alternative solutions to a design problem, and (2) to take, at the same time, a broad spectrum of criteria or concerns into account. These capabilities are intended to complement the designer's abilities and performance. In connection with such attempts, fundamental problems arise when the objects to be designed have shape and are located in space. These problems are identified, and an approach to solve them is outlined. This approach is currently being tested over a range of domains all of which deal with the design of layouts of rectangles subject to constraints and criteria. The search for alternatives takes place in a state space with properties that make it possible to systematically explore and evaluate the power of various search strategies or planning paradigms. The state space is established through a domain-independent generator, while the evaluation of points in that space is carried out by a domain-dependent tester built up through a process of knowledge acquisition familiar from work with expert systems
keywords	design, expert systems, CAD, enumeration, shape grammars,architecture, intelligence, synthesis, space allocation, layout, floor plans
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	436b
authors	Gero, John S. (editor)
year	1988
title	Artificial Intelligence in Engineering : Robotics and Processes
source	403 p. Amsterdam: Elsevier/CMP, 1988. CADLINE has abstract only
summary	This volume contains the papers in the robotics and processes areas from the Third International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Engineering. Robotics has the potential to change the physical face of engineering and has no counterpart in traditional engineering. It requires the integration of numerous disparate aspects of engineering. There is a fundamental requirement for geometric and spatial reasoning of a qualitative kind. A variety of other processes in engineering are being examined through the artificial intelligence lens. The material collected under the process rubric demonstrates both the benefits and potential of utilizing this approach. The papers are presented under the following headings: Robotics; Geometric and Spatial Reasoning; Interpretation Processes; Reasoning Processes; Planning and Scheduling Processes; Interfaces
keywords	AI, robotics, reasoning, planning, user interface, engineering, construction
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	b0f7
authors	Martens, Bob
year	1992
title	A FINISHING TOUCH TO THE FULL-SCALE LABORATORY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY IN VIENNA
source	Proceedings of the 4rd European Full-Scale Modelling Conference / Lausanne (Switzerland) 9-12 September 1992, Part A, pp. 7-14
summary	The development planning of the full-scale laboratory at the Vienna University of Technology was already presented to the third E.F.A. Conference in Lund (1990). Exchange of experience has greatly encouraged us to take all measures necessary for an immediate provisional operation. Working experience was of considerable significance regarding reconstruction work having repeatedly been postponed ever since 1988. This paper deals with the Vienna full-scale laboratory in its ultimate form and all the equipment designed therefore. Summarizingly, the further measures for operation are being considered.
keywords	Full-scale Modeling, Model Simulation, Real Environments
series	other
type	normal paper
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/efa
last changed	2004/05/04 15:30

_id	4901
authors	McIntosh, John F.
year	1988
title	The ASU Strategic Plan For Computing Support
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1988.301
source	Computing in Design Education [ACADIA Conference Proceedings] Ann Arbor (Michigan / USA) 28-30 October 1988, pp. 301-310
summary	Our College has spent approximately one hundred thousand dollars per year on computing over the last five years. This paper, which developed out of a University-wide strategic planning exercise, speaks to the question: What are we getting for all that money? The background to this large planning exercise is sketched, the goals of our computing support plan are stated, the strategies aimed at achieving these goals are explained, and the observed outcomes from implementing these strategies are listed. In evaluating the plan, this paper argues the position that a computer culture must take hold within the College before computer-aided design will have a truly profound effect upon pedagogy. Operationally, this means that every faculty member must have a personal computer and that every student must have free access to a microcomputer facility. Only then does the whole College adopt the new culture. The fiscal commitment is high, but there are payoffs in of fice automation that justify the investment even in the short-term. Trivial as it seems, wordprocessing is the first step in seeding this culture. These short term payoffs help make the case for investing in the promise of long-term payoffs in superior design through computer aids.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	21b5
authors	Müller, Volker
year	1993
title	Introducing CAD to a Big Corporation
source	CAAD Futures ‘93 [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-444-89922-7] (Pittsburgh / USA), 1993, pp. 497-512
summary	The report presents the ongoing activity of introducing CAD to the entire range of facilities planning and management of the Frankfurt Airport Corporation. It addresses issues of organizing the shift from conventional to computer supported planning and facilities management,- the problems of training professionals with various background in the use of new tools; aspects of data validity; regulation of data exchange; and customization of software to the needs of special tasks within the corporation. The report is based on about four years of project runtime. The preparation of the project started in fall 1988. The project proper started in June 1989. It is entering its last year. Up to now about 120 persons have been trained to use CAD.
keywords	CAD Introduction, Corporation Setting, Adult Education, Data Integrity, Data Security, Data Exchange, Linkage Between Geometric and Alphanumeric Data, Customized Systems
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2003/05/16 20:58

_id	ca71
authors	Noble, Douglas and Rittel, Horst W.J.
year	1988
title	Issue-Based Information Systems for Design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1988.275
source	Computing in Design Education [ACADIA Conference Proceedings] Ann Arbor (Michigan / USA) 28-30 October 1988, pp. 275-286
summary	The understanding of planning and design as a process of argumentation (of the designer with himself or with others) has led to the concept of IBIS (Issue-Based Information Systems). The elements of IBIS are Issues, each of which are associated with alternative positions. These in turn are associated with arguments which support or object to a given position (or another argument). In the course of the treatment of issues, new issues come up which are treated likewise. Issue-Based Information Systems are used as a means of widening the coverage of a problem. By encouraging a greater degree of participation, particularly in the earlier phases of the process, the designer is increasing the opportunity that difficulties of his proposed solution, unseen by him, will be discovered by others. Since the problem observed by a designer can always be treated as merely a symptom of another higher-level problem, the argumentative approach also increases the likelyhood that someone will attempt to attack the problem from this point of view. Another desirable characteristic of the Issue-Based Information System is that it helps to make the design process 'transparent'. Transparency here refers tO the ability of observers as well as participants to trace back the process of decision-making. This paper offers a description of a computer-supported IBIS (written in 'C' using the 'XWindows' user interface), including a discussion of the usefulness of IBIS in design, as well as comments on the role of the computer in IBIS implementation, and related developments in computing.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	2d82
authors	Radford, Anthony D., Oxman, Robert and Oxman, Rivka
year	1988
title	Design Teaching: The Language of Architectural Plans
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1988.099
source	Computing in Design Education [ACADIA Conference Proceedings] Ann Arbor (Michigan / USA) 28-30 October 1988, pp. 99-110
summary	The aims, operation and student reaction to a design studio course for beginning architecture students on the syntax of architectural plans are described. The course is highly structured and draws from computer graphics templates and a teaching manual which set up a series of exercises. The process of learning comes from execution of the exercises and from associated reading, discussion and debate on architectural planning issues.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	0dff
authors	Woodbury, Robert F., Fenves, Stephen J. and Baker, Nelson C. (et al)
year	1988
title	Geometric Reasoning in Computer Integrated Building Construction
source	Robotics in Construction, International Symposium (5th : 1988 : Tokyo, Japan). pp. 115-124 : ill. includes bibliography
summary	Geometric reasoning, the integration of geometric representation and inference in advanced computer systems, is presented as an issue at the forefront of research in construction automation. The unique demands that construction automation poses on such reasoning are discussed. An architecture that provides a structure for geometric reasoning is presented and results from a prototype implementation are shown. A project to develop geometric reasoning in the construction domain of panelized building systems is introduced. Within this project, two exemplary applications, structural/architectural design and construction sequence planning, each supported by the same geometric reasoning facility, are being demonstrated
keywords	geometry, reasoning, representation, inference, construction, automation, applications, architecture, engineering
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	c57b
authors	Bier, Eric A.
year	1988
title	Snap-Dragging. Interactive Geometric design in Two and Three Dimensions
source	University of California, Berkeley
summary	Graphic artists, mechanical designers, architects, animators, authors of technical papers and others create geometric designs (illustrations and solid models) as a major part of their daily efforts. Some part of this shape construction must be done with precision. For instance, certain line segments should be horizontal, parallel or congruent. In recent years, interactive computer programs have been used to speed up the production of precise geometric designs. These programs take advantage of high-speed graphics, equation solving, and computer input peripherals to reduce the time needed to describe point positions to the machine. Previous techniques include rounding the cursor to points on a rectangular grid, solving networks of constraints, and supporting step-by-step drafting-style constructions. Snap-dragging is a modification of the drafting approach that takes advantage of powerful workstations to reduce the time needed to make precise illustrations. Using a single gravity mapping, a cursor can be snapped to either points, lines or surface. The gravity algorithm achieves good performance by computing intersection points on the fly. To aid precise construction, a set of lines, circles, planes, and spheres, called alignment objects, are constructed by the system at a set of slopes, angles, and distances specified by the user. These alignments objects are constructed at each vertex or edge that the user has declared to be hot (of interest). Vertices and edges can also be made hot by the system through the action of an automatic hotness rule. When snap-dragging is used, shapes can often be constructed using a few more keystrokes than would be needed to sketch them freehand. Objects can be edited at arbitrary orientations and sizes. The number of primitive operations is small, making it possible to provide keyboard combinations for quickly activating most of these operations. The user interface works nearly identically in two or three dimensions. In three dimensions, snap-dragging works with a two-dimensional pointing device in a single perspective view.
series	thesis:PhD
email
last changed	2003/02/12 22:37

_id	e1e2
authors	Danahy, John
year	1988
title	Engaging Intuitive Visual Thinking in Urban Design Modelling: A Real-Time Hypothesis
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1988.087
source	Computing in Design Education [ACADIA Conference Proceedings] Ann Arbor (Michigan / USA) 28-30 October 1988, pp. 87-97
summary	This paper will present prototypical software being used in the teaching of urban design to students and for use by professionals in the early stages of a project. The system is intended to support a heuristic approach to design. That is, it supports a process of refining ideas and understandings through a process of trial and error. The support or aid to design comes in the form of a didactic real-time programme. Its power lies in its ability to provide instantaneous response to operations on the data that can allow one to develop threedimensional spatial ideas in an intuitively driven manner. This condition appears to occur for both novice and expert computer operators. The presentation will present our experience to-date in using conventional computer graphic tools to represent design ideas and contrast it with a video demonstration of our prototypical dynamic urban design modelling software for the Silicon Graphics IRIS computers.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	0b4a
authors	Halbert, A.R., Todd, A.J.P. and Woodwark, J.R.
year	1988
title	Generalizing Active Zones for Set-Theoretic Solid Models
source	8 p. : ill Winchester, UK: IBM UK Scientific Centre, January, 1988. IBM UKSC Report 182. includes bibliography.
summary	A major drawback of the set-theoretic solid model is the global and non-unique way in which it is defined. In a recent paper, Rossignac and Voelcker introduced the concept of the active zone of a primitive or sub-model, which provides a localization of a set-theoretic model which is useful for a number of purposes. A more general, but simplified, definition of the active zone is presented which exploits the properties of the symmetric difference operator. A novel application of the active zone to the interactive graphical editing of set- theoretic solid models is also outlined
keywords	solid modeling, boolean operations, CSG
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	0347
authors	Maver, T.
year	1988
title	Software Tools for the Technical Evaluation of Design Alternatives
source	CAAD futures ‘87 [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-444-42916-6] Eindhoven (The Netherlands), 20-22 May 1987, pp. 47-58
summary	Designing buildings which 'work' - economically, socially and technically - remains the central challenge for architects. This paper is concerned with the state of development of software tools for the evaluation of the technical issues which are relevant at the conceptual stages, as opposed to the detailed stages, of design decision-making. The technical efficiency of building is of enormous economic importance. The capital investment in building in Europe represents some 12% of the Gross Domestic Product; this capital investment is exceeded by an order of magnitude, however, by the operating costs of buildings over their life span. In turn, these operating costs are exceeded - again by an order of magnitude - by the costs associated with the (human) operations which go on within the building, and on which the design of the building has some impact.
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2001/06/04 17:16

_id	83b7
authors	Oxman, Rivka E. and Gero, John S.
year	1988
title	Designing by Prototype Refinement in Architecture
source	Amsterdam: CMP, 1988. pp. 395- 412 : ill. includes bibliography
summary	Design knowledge in the form of a priori knowledge is put forward as an essential ingredient in knowledge-based design. The concept of the prototype in design is introduced and different strategies for refinement processes are discussed. The concept of a generative prototype is proposed as a way to represent a generative design description in knowledge-based design systems. The refinement process is considered a successive classification of prototypes and subtypes, by executing design operations associated with the type. The application of these approaches is implemented in a system called PRODS: A PROtotype-based Design System. Finally, issues such as the role of prototypes and other forms of reasoning for creative design are discussed
keywords	prototypes, knowledge base, design process
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	e7a8
authors	Emde, H.
year	1988
title	Geometrical Fundamentals for Design and Visualization of Spatial Objects
source	CAAD futures ‘87 [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-444-42916-6] Eindhoven (The Netherlands), 20-22 May 1987, pp. 171-178
summary	Every architectural object is a 3-dimensional entity of the human environment, haptically tangible and optically visible. During the architectural process of planning every object should be designed as a body and should be visualized in pictures. Thus the parts of construction get an order in space and the steps of construction get an order in time. The ideal planning object is a simulated anticipation of the real building object, which is to be performed later on. The possibility to relate the planning object immediately to the building object relies on the fact that they both have the same "geometry" This means: both can be described in the same geometric manner. Creating and visualizing spatial objects is based on geometrical fundamentals. Theoretical knowledge and practical control of these fundamentals is essential for the faultless construction and the realistic presentation of architectural objects. Therefore they have to be taught and learned thoroughly in the course of an architectural education. Geometrical design includes the forming of object- models (geometry of body boundaries), the structuring of object-hierarchies (geometry of body combinations) and the colouring of objects. Geometrical visualization includes controlling the processes of motion, of the bodies (when moving objects) and of the center of observation (when moving subjects) as well as the representation of 3-dimensional objects in 2- dimensional pictures and sequences of pictures. All these activities of architects are instances of geometrical information processing. They can be performed with the aid of computers. As for the computer this requires suitable hardware and software, as for the architect it requires suitable knowledge and capabilities to be able to talk about and to recall the perceivable objects and processes of the design with logic abstracts (language of geometry). In contrast to logical, numerical and textual informations the geometric informations concerning spatial objects are of much higher complexity. Usually these complexes of information are absorbed, processed and transmitted by the architect in a perceptive manner. The computer support in the field of geometry assumes that the processing of perceptions of the human consciousness can be converted by the computer as a framework of logical relations. Computer aided construction and representation require both suited devices for haptical and optical communication and suitable programs in particular.
series	CAAD Futures
last changed	1999/04/03 17:58

_id	c70a
authors	Lindgren, Christina Axelsson
year	1988
title	Forest Visual Variation as a Recreative Force
source	Knowledge-Based Design in Architecture, Tips-88 (pre-proceedings) (1988 : Otaniemi). editors. John S Gero and T. Oksala. Espoo, Finland: Research Institute for Built Environment, Helsinki University of Technology, Department of Architecture, pp. 149-157. includes bibliography.
summary	--- A revised version of this paper has been published in the Acta Polytechnica Scandinavica series. The article presents some findings concerning the importance of forest visual variation and the possibilities to create a Forest Visual Opportunity Spectrum. In the light of suggestions on theory of recreation and of the actual multiple use planning situation of forests, the possibilities and limits of empirical studies as a tool to receive knowledge of visual aspects of forests are discussed
keywords	planning, knowledge, applications, landscape
series	CADline
last changed	1999/02/12 15:09

_id	f920
authors	Lozano, E. E.
year	1988
title	Visual needs in urban environments and physical planning
source	Environmental aesthetics: Theory, research, and applications. J. Nasar. New York, Cambridge University Press, pp. 395-421
summary	Contributed by Susan Pietsch (spietsch@arch.adelaide.edu.au)
keywords	3D City Modeling, Development Control, Design Control
series	other
last changed	2001/06/04 20:41

_id	45b7
authors	Oxman, R.E.
year	1988
title	Expert System for Generation and Evaluation in Architectural Design
source	Technion, Faculty of Architecture and Town Planing, Haifa
summary	The research field, focuses on a new research area of Knowledge Based Systems for Architectural Design. The research deals with concepts and tools emerging from Artificial Intelligence, Knowledge Based Systems and Expert Systems. The research is involved with the construction of a theoretical basis for the development of approaches and methods for the representation and control of design knowledge as a reasoning process. Key questions which attempt to reconsider representation and control in design are formulated. The following questions serve as a research framework out of which new approaches, methods and tools were developed. (1.)What are the existing ideas, methods and tools in Expert Systems? (2.) What are the performance characteristics of Expert Systems in Architectural Design ? (3.) What are the desired operative characteristics and interactions for Expert Systems in design ? (4.) How is it possible to formulate and apply the diverse forms of Architectural Knowledge in Expert Systems for design? (5.) What are the problems of implementation in the development of Expert Systems for design ? The state of the art in knowledge based systems is surveyed, while emphasizing the differences between conventional systems and knowledge based systems. Representation and control methods and the components of expert systems are reviewed. Expert systems for diagnosis, interpretation, planning and design are analysed with respect to their performance characteristics. Techniques and technologies of existing tools are defined. An expert system for the generation and evaluation of ill defined architectural design problems is develped. A formalization of the concept of 'design interpretation' is proposed and developed. It is applied in the process of defining and classifying the performance characteristics of expert systems for design. This concept is based upon two sets of reasoning processes: those which enable a mapping between design requirements and solution descriptions in the generation stage of design and those between solution descriptions and performance evaluation in the evaluation stage of design. On the basis of the formalization of this concept, an expert system capable of integrating various modes of performance is proposed and developed. The system functions as a 'design generator', a 'design critic', or a' design critic-generator'. These modes, which integrate generation and evaluation in the same system, operate by employing both forward chaining and backward chaining inference mechanisms. As a result of the examination of desired forms of interactions, a new approach for dual direction interpretation between graphic and verbal modes is developed. This approach reflects the importance of both graphical and verbal expression in design. The approach is based upon a simultaneous mapping between symbolic-verbal interpretation and graphic interpretation. The work presents the mapping process through the concept of design interpretation, employing geometrical knowledge, typological knowledge and evaluation knowledge. A tool which provides communication between an expert system and a graphic system was developed and is presented. The importance of such a tool in expert systems for design resides in the provision of free choice to the user for interacting with the system either graphically or verbally during the design process. An additional component in the development of knowledge-based systems for design is related to the important question of knowledge definition and the representational schemata of design knowledge. A new representational scheme for complex architectural knowledge, termed 'The generation and refinement scheme of a design prototype' is proposed and developed. Its operation as part of a total integrated design system is demonstrated. The scheme is based upon the structures of knowledge of design precedents which constitute typical situations and solutions in architectural design. This scheme provides an appropriate representation for the two types of knowledge which operate in a refinement process of a design prototype. Generative knowledge describes the solution space by predefined refinement stages; interpretive knowledge enables their selection. The examination of representational methods for the proposed scheme indicated that employing a single representational method lacked enough generalization and expressive power for the needs of the design knowledge structures. It was found that a way to represent complex structures is through the integration of multiple methods of representation, each one according to the knowledge characteristics. In order to represent the proposed scheme of design knowledge, a unique method was developed which integrates both rules and frames. The method consists of a rules-frames-rules structure for the representation of a design prototype. An approach is developed for the implementation of these concepts in an expert system for design. PRODS: A prototype based expert system shell for design is developed and demonstrated. The system consists of three basic components: a rule-based expert system shell, a frame system, and a knowledge base interface. All system interactions are controlled by the inference engine. It passes control between the rule-base and the frame-base inference engines, and provides communications between the rule-based and frame-based representations. It is suggested that expert system can interface with external CAD systems including graphics, communicating through a central representation. These concepts and developments are demonstrated in two implementations. The PREDIKT system for the preliminary design of the residential kitchen; the PROUST system for the selection and refinement of dwelling types. PREDIKT demonstrates the integration of rules and a graphical-verbal interpreter; in addition, PROUST demonstrates the significance of hybrid representation in the generation and refinement processes. The results and conlusions are summarized. Future research agenda within the field of knowledge-based systems for design is discussed, and potential research areas are defined.
series	thesis:PhD
email
last changed	2003/02/12 22:37

_id	6a1d
authors	Woodbury, Robert F.
year	1988
title	The knowledge based representation and manipulation of geometry
source	Carnegie Mellon University
summary	An approach to the integration of geometric information in knowledge based systems is described as an architecture for geometric reasoning. The general requirements for this integration arise from the need for rich geometry representations in engineering domains and the conflicting demands of current geometric modelling and knowledge based systems. Four concepts are used as a basis: (1) Classes of spatial sets, which act by inheritance as a means for incremental definition by specialization, (2) Features, which denote evaluated portions of a geometric model, (3) Abstractions, which provide partial representations of geometric objects, and (4) Constraints through which spatial relationships are expressed. These four concepts combine in a synergistic manner to define the complete architecture. A prototype implementation of the architecture, built using object oriented programming techniques and a boundary based solid modeller, has been achieved and demonstrated through examples in the domains of robot task planning and automotive parts design.
series	thesis:PhD
email
last changed	2003/02/12 22:37

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