Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	849b
authors	Amiel, Maurice
year	1991
title	NOTES ON IN-SITU – FULL-SCALE EXPERIMENTATION AND THE DESIGN PROFESSIONS
source	Proceedings of the 3rd European Full-Scale Modelling Conference / ISBN 91-7740044-5 / Lund (Sweden) 13-16 September 1990, pp. 40-43
summary	In the north american academic context a workshop is different from a paper session in that it is simply an opportunity to exchange ideas and to raise questions among colleagues who can bring to bear in their discussion various points of view and experiences otherwise unavailable.
keywords	Full-scale Modeling, Model Simulation, Real Environments
series	other
type	normal paper
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/efa
last changed	2004/05/04 15:18

_id	067e
authors	Banz, George
year	1990
title	Expert Systems and Artificial Intelligence in Real Estate Development Planning
source	CIB W55/W66 Joint Symposium. 1990. 7 p. : ill. includes bibliography. -- Abstracts in English and French
summary	Expert systems and artificial intelligence can contribute substantially to the quality of real-estate development analysis. 'A. I. coaches' help correlate input and check the validity of schedules. Expert systems enhance life cycle cost analysis. Property value indicators become viable when used in conjunction with remote sensing and life style mapping
keywords	economics, life cycle, expert systems, analysis
series	CADline
last changed	1999/02/12 15:07

_id	6266
authors	Carini, Alessandra
year	1991
title	REVIEW OF MOST RECENT ACTIVITIES OF THE "LABORATORIO TIPOLOGICO NAZIONALE"
source	Proceedings of the 3rd European Full-Scale Modelling Conference / ISBN 91-7740044-5 / Lund (Sweden) 13-16 September 1990, pp. 20-22
summary	??{??'s activities did not start immediately after its opening since the following year was mainly given over to the definition of criteria and procedures for the management of the Laboratory itself by OIKOS. Actual research started in 1990 on the basis of a programme drawn up with the collaboration of the Public Housing Committee ('Comitato per I'Edilizia Residenziale").
keywords	Full-scale Modeling, Model Simulation, Real Environments
series	other
type	normal paper
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/efa
last changed	2004/05/04 15:24

_id	417a
authors	Cipriani, R., Lagomarsino, A.D., Stagnaro, A., Valenti, E. and Sambolino, T.
year	1990
title	Some Years' Experience Teaching CAAD
source	The Electronic Design Studio: Architectural Knowledge and Media in the Computer Era [CAAD Futures ‘89 Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-262-13254-0] Cambridge (Massachusetts / USA), 1989, pp. 347-361
summary	In the conventional way of teaching architecture, it is common to think of design as the final synthesis of an intellectual process (composizione in Italian) integrating different elements from different curriculum subjects: history, structural analysis., technology, regional and urban planning, and so on. These elements, being comprehensive of their specific domains, together build the project. This process is supported by a long traditional that cannot easily be modified; however, we must not consider it to be the only one. Architectural practice should be much more. The Scuole di Architettura has walked a long and difficult road in the last thirty years., with a significant widening of interest in social, political, and economic issues. There have been recurring attempts at epistemological reformulation in some areas. There has been an acknowledgment of a crisis in contemporary town planning and a dimming of several certitudes that had developed with the birth and growth of the modernist school. And there has been a weakening of the promises that had given life to the vigorous discussion about town and regional planning. All of this leads to a reconsideration of the meaning and the deeper assumptions that the project implies, a question mark at the center of the human sciences that architectural practice involves. The old tradition., which assigned composition a central role in the project, is no longer sufficient because it is related to a reductive reading of epistemology that views human sciences as defining segments of physical knowledge of the actual world. Contemporary reflection on the difference between understanding and unfolding, together with the attention given to interpreting a moment as compared to purely describing one, gives to the project the task of inquiry instead of solution.
series	CAAD Futures
last changed	1999/04/03 17:58

_id	sigradi2006_e183a
id	sigradi2006_e183a
authors	Costa Couceiro, Mauro
year	2006
title	La Arquitectura como Extensión Fenotípica Humana - Un Acercamiento Basado en Análisis Computacionales [Architecture as human phenotypic extension – An approach based on computational explorations]
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 56-60
summary	The study describes some of the aspects tackled within a current Ph.D. research where architectural applications of constructive, structural and organization processes existing in biological systems are considered. The present information processing capacity of computers and the specific software development have allowed creating a bridge between two holistic nature disciplines: architecture and biology. The crossover between those disciplines entails a methodological paradigm change towards a new one based on the dynamical aspects of forms and compositions. Recent studies about artificial-natural intelligence (Hawkins, 2004) and developmental-evolutionary biology (Maturana, 2004) have added fundamental knowledge about the role of the analogy in the creative process and the relationship between forms and functions. The dimensions and restrictions of the Evo-Devo concepts are analyzed, developed and tested by software that combines parametric geometries, L-systems (Lindenmayer, 1990), shape-grammars (Stiny and Gips, 1971) and evolutionary algorithms (Holland, 1975) as a way of testing new architectural solutions within computable environments. It is pondered Lamarck´s (1744-1829) and Weismann (1834-1914) theoretical approaches to evolution where can be found significant opposing views. Lamarck´s theory assumes that an individual effort towards a specific evolutionary goal can cause change to descendents. On the other hand, Weismann defended that the germ cells are not affected by anything the body learns or any ability it acquires during its life, and cannot pass this information on to the next generation; this is called the Weismann barrier. Lamarck’s widely rejected theory has recently found a new place in artificial and natural intelligence researches as a valid explanation to some aspects of the human knowledge evolution phenomena, that is, the deliberate change of paradigms in the intentional research of solutions. As well as the analogy between genetics and architecture (Estévez and Shu, 2000) is useful in order to understand and program emergent complexity phenomena (Hopfield, 1982) for architectural solutions, also the consideration of architecture as a product of a human extended phenotype can help us to understand better its cultural dimension.
keywords	evolutionary computation; genetic architectures; artificial/natural intelligence
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:49

_id	411f
authors	Coyne, Richard D. and Postmus, A.G.
year	1990
title	Spatial Applications of Neural Networks in Computer-Aided Design
source	Artificial Intelligence in Engineering. 1990. vol. 5: pp. 9-22. CADLINE has abstract only
summary	Neural networks of PDP (parallel distributed processing), models of computation are based on mathematical models of neural processes. The authors explore the application of PDP to simple spatial reasoning in computer-aided design. Knowledge that provides a mapping from performances to design descriptions can be encoded into PDP systems in the form of learned patterns. The implementation of a simple PDP pattern associator is described. The system is shown to facilitate a rudimentary kind of associative or analogical reasoning. It also facilitates reasoning where only incomplete information is available. There are important concerns in design reasoning
keywords	CAD, neural networks, design, representation, knowledge, reasoning
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:13

_id	0faa
authors	Duelund Mortensen, Peder
year	1991
title	THE FULL-SCALE MODEL WORKSHOP
source	Proceedings of the 3rd European Full-Scale Modelling Conference / ISBN 91-7740044-5 / Lund (Sweden) 13-16 September 1990, pp. 10-11
summary	The workshop is an institution, available for use by the public and established at the Laboratory of Housing in the Art Academy's school of Architecture for a 3 year trial period beginning April 1985. This resumé contains brief descriptions of a variety of representative model projects and an overview of all projects carried out so far, including the pilot projects from 1983 and planned projects to and including January 1987. The Full Scale Model Workshop builds full size models of buildings, rooms and parts of buildings. The purpose of the Full Scale Model Workshop is to promote communication among building's users. The workshop is a tool in an attempt to build bridges between theory and practice in research, experimentation and communication of research results. New ideas and experiments of various sorts can be tried out cheaply, quickly and efficiently through the building of full scale models. Changes can be done on the spot as a planned part of the project and on the basis of ideas and experiments achieved through the model work itself. Buildings and their space can thus be communicated directly to all involved persons, regardless of technical background or training in evaluation of building projects.
keywords	Full-scale Modeling, Model Simulation, Real Environments
series	other
type	normal paper
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/efa
last changed	2004/05/04 15:23

_id	68c8
authors	Flemming, U., Coyne, R. and Fenves, S. (et al.)
year	1994
title	SEED: A Software Environment to Support the Early Phases in Building Design
source	Proceeding of IKM '94, Weimar, Germany, pp. 5-10
summary	The SEED project intends to develop a software environment that supports the early phases in building design (Flemming et al., 1993). The goal is to provide support, in principle, for the preliminary design of buildings in all aspects that can gain from computer support. This includes using the computer not only for analysis and evaluation, but also more actively for the generation of designs, or more accurately, for the rapid generation of design representations. A major motivation for the development of SEED is to bring the results of two multi-generational research efforts focusing on `generative' design systems closer to practice: 1. LOOS/ABLOOS, a generative system for the synthesis of layouts of rectangles (Flemming et al., 1988; Flemming, 1989; Coyne and Flemming, 1990; Coyne, 1991); 2. GENESIS, a rule-based system that supports the generation of assemblies of 3-dimensional solids (Heisserman, 1991; Heisserman and Woodbury, 1993). The rapid generation of design representations can take advantage of special opportunities when it deals with a recurring building type, that is, a building type dealt with frequently by the users of the system. Design firms - from housing manufacturers to government agencies - accumulate considerable experience with recurring building types. But current CAD systems capture this experience and support its reuse only marginally. SEED intends to provide systematic support for the storing and retrieval of past solutions and their adaptation to similar problem situations. This motivation aligns aspects of SEED closely with current work in Artificial Intelligence that focuses on case-based design (see, for example, Kolodner, 1991; Domeshek and Kolodner, 1992; Hua et al., 1992).
series	other
email
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	eee2
authors	Gero, John S. and Rosenman, Michael A.
year	1989
title	A Conceptual Framework for Knowledge-Based Design Research at Sydney University's Design Computing Unit
source	Southampton/Berlin: CMP/Springer- verlag, 1989. pp. 363-382. Published also in Artificial Intelligence in Engineering 5(2):363-383, 1990
summary	This paper presents the conceptual framework behind the Design Computing Unit's knowledge-based design research. It commences with a brief overview before introducing the role of experience in design. The conceptual schema 'prototypes' is introduced and described within a framework of design as transforming required or expected functions to structure descriptions. Current projects related to this conceptual framework are briefly described
keywords	CAD, knowledge base, design, prototypes, representation
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	1ecb
authors	Hallberg, Gun
year	1991
title	Theories and Methods in Full-Scale Studies
source	Proceedings of the 3rd European Full-Scale Modelling Conference / ISBN 91-7740044-5 / Lund (Sweden) 13-16 September 1990, pp. 34-37
summary	By full-scale experiments we are studying functional dimensions and spatial requirements in the planning laboratory. That means, that by working in a place where the spatial dimensions could be altered and the consequences studied, we make trials to arrive at acceptable dimensions. Test subjects and various experimental set-ups enable us to study building function requirements in what we think, a quite fruitful way.
keywords	Full-scale Modeling, Model Simulation, Real Environments
series	other
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/efa
last changed	2003/08/25 10:12

_id	c5bb
authors	Hirschberg, U., Meister, M. and Neumann, F.
year	1993
title	Processing of Geographic Data for CAAD-supported Analysis and Design of Urban Development Areas
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1993.x.w2h
source	[eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Eindhoven (The Netherlands) 11-13 November 1993
summary	The interdisciplinary research project aims at the development of a hard- and software environment to support the representation, analysis, manipulation and design of urban development areas for architects and city planners. It was started in 1990 and involves three groups at the ETH Zurich: Architecture/Urban design - Processing of Geographic Data/Photogrammetry -Computer Sciences/CAAD. The first part of this paper will give an introduction to the goals and implications of the project by comparing it with a similar project one of the authors took part in as a student. Then the paper gives a brief description of the work of the three groups involved, an overview of the methods they employed and the results that were achieved. The main focus will be on the work of the CAAD group . Finally some conclusions are drawn and problems are discussed. The future work includes the testing of the tool by students during the winter term 1993/94.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	812b
authors	Hornyanszky-Dalholm, Elisabeth (Ed.)
year	1991
title	Full-scale modelling – Applications and Development of the Method
source	Proceedings of the 3rd European Full-Scale Modelling Conference / ISBN 91-7740044-5 / Lund (Sweden) 13-16 September 1990, 107 p.
keywords	Full-scale Modeling, Model Simulation, Real Environments
series	other
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/efa
last changed	2003/08/25 10:12

_id	dfec
authors	Hornyanszky-Dalholm, Elisabeth and Rydberg-Mitchell, Birgitta
year	1991
title	THE FULL-SCALE METHOD AS A TOOL FOR PARTICIPATION
source	Proceedings of the 3rd European Full-Scale Modelling Conference / ISBN 91-7740044-5 / Lund (Sweden) 13-16 September 1990, pp. 23-30
summary	In Lund the full-scale laboratory is mainly used as a tool for citizen or user participation. Our intention is to develop the full-scale method further for this purpose. For several years now, we have carried through projects together with different users - mainly people from various types of working-places but recently also with dwellers. Most of our work has been financed by our clients, i.e. private enterprises, trade unions, county councils or municipalities, but since this summer we also receive support from the Swedish Council for Building Research. We have worked with many types of environments and their specific problems, but thanks to the research money we will now have an opportunity to develop our method in a more conscious manner. The purpose of our research is to increase the awareness of the different mechanisms involved in the participant/user process. We want to improve and refine our method and evaluate its advantages and disadvantages compared to other media for spatial communication. In our research program we will now present some criteria that have developed from our previous experiences and which we find essential to our future work.
keywords	Full-scale Modeling, Model Simulation, Real Environments
series	other
type	normal paper
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/efa
last changed	2004/05/04 15:16

_id	4b09
authors	Iwata, Hiroo
year	1990
title	Artificial Reality with Force-Feedback : Development of Desktop Virtual Space with Compact Master Manipulator
source	Computer Graphics. August, 1990. vol. 24: pp. 165-170 : ill. includes bibliography
summary	A new configuration of human interface for 'artificial reality' is discussed. The paper describes a method of implementing force-feedback in a virtual space manipulation system. The system is composed of two subsystems, a real time graphic display system and a tactile input device with reaction force generator. A specialized graphic computer (Stardent TITAN) provides a real time image of the virtual space. A 9 degree-of-freedom manipulator applies reaction forces to the fingers and palm of the operator. The generated forces are calculated from a solid model of the virtual space. The performance of the system is exemplified in manipulation of virtual solids objects such as a mockup for industrial design and a 3D animated character
keywords	user interface, virtual reality, computer graphics
series	CADline
last changed	1999/02/12 15:08

_id	8833
authors	Kalay, Yehuda E., Swerdloff, Lucien M. and Majkowski, Bruce R. (et al)
year	1990
title	Process and Knowledge in Design Computation
source	Journal of Architectural Education. February, 1990. includes bibliography
summary	The challenge of understanding the many facets of design has been a central issue in attempting to computationally define design processes and knowledge. The historical progression of computers in design has been characterized by high aspirations repeatedly humbled by the complexity of design problems. Fundamental questions concerning the role and impact of computers in design should be re-examined in light of new developments in Computer-Aided Design (CAD) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), and the progressive understanding of design itself. At the heart of these issues must lie a mutual understanding of the respective traits of design and computation, and the balance of interaction between them. In this paper two avenues, expressed in terms of mappings between design and computation, are explored with the intention of clarifying the relationship between the theories of design and computation. First, the relationship between models of the design process and computational search strategies is explored. Several paradigms (problem solving, puzzle making, and constraint satisfying), which demonstrate a breadth of approaches to modeling design, are presented along with their computational implications. Second, relationships between design knowledge and computational representation schemes are discussed. Emphasis is placed on drawing from cognitive and computational knowledge representation schemes to represent design knowledge. Finally, some thoughts on integrating these design models and knowledge representation schemes into computer systems to assist designers are discussed
keywords	design process, knowledge, representation, architecture
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	e714
authors	Lawrence, Roderick J.
year	1991
title	SIMULATIONS OF ARCHITECTURAL PROJECTS: METHODS AND APPLICATIONS AT FULL-SCALE
source	Proceedings of the 3rd European Full-Scale Modelling Conference / ISBN 91-7740044-5 / Lund (Sweden) 13-16 September 1990, pp. 53-64
summary	This paper briefly examines five interrelated themes concerning the use of full-scale simulation models in architectural projects, in the context of research and professional practice. First, the meaning of design is discussed. Second, a multi-functional interpretation of building performance is presented. Third, the main reasons for simulating design projects, in general, and for using full-scale models, in particular, are summarized. Then the antecedent or prerequisite conditions for public participation to occur effectively are discussed. Finally, an overview of the use of full-scale simulation models in European workshops enables us to table four ma n classes of functions for full-scale models.
keywords	Full-scale Modeling, Model Simulation, Real Environments
series	other
type	normal paper
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/efa
last changed	2004/05/04 15:18

_id	a33e
authors	Linn, Gudrun
year	1991
title	BATHROOM DESIGN AND FUNCTION ANALYSIS - BRIEF REPORTS FROM TWO RESEARCH PROJECTS
source	Proceedings of the 3rd European Full-Scale Modelling Conference / ISBN 91-7740044-5 / Lund (Sweden) 13-16 September 1990, pp. 38-39
summary	The problem behind this research project was the fact that Swedish standard bathrooms were (and most of them still are) difficult to clean, because of the building design. This has consequences not only for the inhabitants but also for the home helpers who assist old and disabled people in their own dwellings. The most difficult-to-clean spaces in a dwelling are the bathroom and the toilet-room. These spaces also are the most dirtied. In Sweden there of ten is a toilet in the bathroom. The aim of the project was to find out what or how much of physical agility a Swedish standard bathroom demands from the person who carries out the cleaning of it.
keywords	Full-scale Modeling, Model Simulation, Real Environments
series	other
type	normal paper
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/efa
last changed	2004/05/04 15:18

_id	ed07
authors	Love, James
year	1990
title	A Case Study in Knowledge-Based System Development : Envelope Design for Reduction of Traffic Noise Transmission
source	February, 1990. 19 p. : some ill. and table. includes a bibliography
summary	Researchers have demonstrated the value of replication of research and explicit testing of concepts in artificial intelligence (Ritchie and Hanna 1989). In this study, a rule- based system was implemented as an exercise in the application of the theory and practice of knowledge-based systems development to architectural design analysis. The test domain was the selection of wall and window assemblies to provide adequate noise reduction given a set of traffic and building site conditions. This domain was chosen for two reasons: (1) considerable detailed heuristic information was available; and (2) it avoided large solutions spaces, 'errorful' and time-dependent data, and unreliable knowledge. Development of the system in conjunction with an extensive literature review revealed that publications on construction and performance of rule-based systems provided insufficient detail on key aspects of system architecture. Topics suffering from neglect or insufficiently rigorous treatment included algorithms used in automated inference, methods for selection of inference procedures, the integration of numerical and symbolic processing, the formulation of explanation mechanisms to deal with integrated numerical and symbolic processing, testing methods, and software standardization. Improving the quality and scope of knowledge in these areas is essential if expert systems are to be applied effectively in architectural design
keywords	CAD, expert systems, acoustics, applications, knowledge base, design, architecture, AI, analysis
series	CADline
last changed	1999/02/12 15:09

_id	0b62
authors	Maher, Mary Lou
year	1990
title	Process Models for Design Synthesis
source	AI Magazine. 1990. vol. 11: pp. 49-58
summary	Models of design processes provide guidance in the development of knowledge-based systems for design. The basis for such models comes from both research in design theory and methodology as well as problem solving in artificial intelligence. Three models are presented: decomposition, case-based reasoning, and transformation. Each model provides a formalism for representing design knowledge and experience in distinct and complementary forms
keywords	design process, knowledge base, systems, theory, decomposition, representation, reasoning
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:19

_id	b0e0
authors	Martens, Bob
year	1991
title	THE ERECTION OF A FULL-SCALE LABORATORY AT THE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA
source	Proceedings of the 3rd European Full-Scale Modelling Conference / ISBN 91-7740044-5 / Lund (Sweden) 13-16 September 1990, pp. 44-52
summary	Since 1977 the Institut für Raumgestaltung ('Architectural Styling of Space') had been trying to set up a full-scale laboratory designed for teaching and research purposes. The aim was even more so invigorated by the International Architecture Symposion "Man and Architectural Space" organized by our institute (1984).
keywords	Full-scale Modeling, Model Simulation, Real Environments
series	other
type	normal paper
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/efa
last changed	2004/05/04 15:17

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