Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	avocaad_2001_02
id	avocaad_2001_02
authors	Cheng-Yuan Lin, Yu-Tung Liu
year	2001
title	A digital Procedure of Building Construction: A practical project
source	AVOCAAD - ADDED VALUE OF COMPUTER AIDED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Nys Koenraad, Provoost Tom, Verbeke Johan, Verleye Johan (Eds.), (2001) Hogeschool voor Wetenschap en Kunst - Departement Architectuur Sint-Lucas, Campus Brussel, ISBN 80-76101-05-1
summary	In earlier times in which computers have not yet been developed well, there has been some researches regarding representation using conventional media (Gombrich, 1960; Arnheim, 1970). For ancient architects, the design process was described abstractly by text (Hewitt, 1985; Cable, 1983); the process evolved from unselfconscious to conscious ways (Alexander, 1964). Till the appearance of 2D drawings, these drawings could only express abstract visual thinking and visually conceptualized vocabulary (Goldschmidt, 1999). Then with the massive use of physical models in the Renaissance, the form and space of architecture was given better precision (Millon, 1994). Researches continued their attempts to identify the nature of different design tools (Eastman and Fereshe, 1994). Simon (1981) figured out that human increasingly relies on other specialists, computational agents, and materials referred to augment their cognitive abilities. This discourse was verified by recent research on conception of design and the expression using digital technologies (McCullough, 1996; Perez-Gomez and Pelletier, 1997). While other design tools did not change as much as representation (Panofsky, 1991; Koch, 1997), the involvement of computers in conventional architecture design arouses a new design thinking of digital architecture (Liu, 1996; Krawczyk, 1997; Murray, 1997; Wertheim, 1999). The notion of the link between ideas and media is emphasized throughout various fields, such as architectural education (Radford, 2000), Internet, and restoration of historical architecture (Potier et al., 2000). Information technology is also an important tool for civil engineering projects (Choi and Ibbs, 1989). Compared with conventional design media, computers avoid some errors in the process (Zaera, 1997). However, most of the application of computers to construction is restricted to simulations in building process (Halpin, 1990). It is worth studying how to employ computer technology meaningfully to bring significant changes to concept stage during the process of building construction (Madazo, 2000; Dave, 2000) and communication (Haymaker, 2000).In architectural design, concept design was achieved through drawings and models (Mitchell, 1997), while the working drawings and even shop drawings were brewed and communicated through drawings only. However, the most effective method of shaping building elements is to build models by computer (Madrazo, 1999). With the trend of 3D visualization (Johnson and Clayton, 1998) and the difference of designing between the physical environment and virtual environment (Maher et al. 2000), we intend to study the possibilities of using digital models, in addition to drawings, as a critical media in the conceptual stage of building construction process in the near future (just as the critical role that physical models played in early design process in the Renaissance). This research is combined with two practical building projects, following the progress of construction by using digital models and animations to simulate the structural layouts of the projects. We also tried to solve the complicated and even conflicting problems in the detail and piping design process through an easily accessible and precise interface. An attempt was made to delineate the hierarchy of the elements in a single structural and constructional system, and the corresponding relations among the systems. Since building construction is often complicated and even conflicting, precision needed to complete the projects can not be based merely on 2D drawings with some imagination. The purpose of this paper is to describe all the related elements according to precision and correctness, to discuss every possibility of different thinking in design of electric-mechanical engineering, to receive feedback from the construction projects in the real world, and to compare the digital models with conventional drawings.Through the application of this research, the subtle relations between the conventional drawings and digital models can be used in the area of building construction. Moreover, a theoretical model and standard process is proposed by using conventional drawings, digital models and physical buildings. By introducing the intervention of digital media in design process of working drawings and shop drawings, there is an opportune chance to use the digital media as a prominent design tool. This study extends the use of digital model and animation from design process to construction process. However, the entire construction process involves various details and exceptions, which are not discussed in this paper. These limitations should be explored in future studies.
series	AVOCAAD
email
last changed	2005/09/09 10:48

_id	e573
authors	McLaughlin, Sally
year	1991
title	Reading Architectural Plans: A Computable Model
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures: Education, Research, Applications [CAAD Futures ‘91 Conference Proceedings / ISBN 3-528-08821-4] Zürich (Switzerland), July 1991, pp. 347-364
summary	A fundamental aspect of the expertise of the architectural designer is the ability to assess the quality of existing and developing proposals from schematic representations such as plans, elevations and sections. In this paper I present a computable model of those aspects of the evaluation of architectural floor plans that I believe to be amenable to rule-like formulation. The objective behind the development of this model is twofold: 1) to articulate a belief about the role of simple symbolic representations in the task of evaluation, a task which relies primarily on uniquely human capabilities; and 2) to explore the possible uses of such representations in the development of design expertise. // Input to the model consists of a specification of a design proposal in terms of walls, doors, windows, openings and spaces together with a specification of the context in which the proposal has been developed. Information about context is used to retrieve the goal packages relevant to the evaluation of the proposal. The goal packages encode information about requirements such as circulation, visual privacy and thermal performance. Generic associations between aspects of a plan and individual goals are used to establish if and how each of the goals have been achieved in the given proposal. These associations formalize relationships between aspects of the topology of the artefact, such as the existence of a door between two rooms, and a goal, in this case the goal of achieving circulation between those two rooms. Output from the model consists of both a graphic representation of the way in which goals are achieved and a list of those goals that have not been achieved. The list of goals not achieved provides a means of accessing appropriate design recommendations. What the model provides is essentially a computational tool for exploring the value judgements made in a particular proposal given a set of predefined requirements such as those to be found in design recommendation literature.
series	CAAD Futures
last changed	1999/04/07 12:03

_id	avocaad_2001_19
id	avocaad_2001_19
authors	Shen-Kai Tang, Yu-Tung Liu, Yu-Sheng Chung, Chi-Seng Chung
year	2001
title	The visual harmony between new and old materials in the restoration of historical architecture: A study of computer simulation
source	AVOCAAD - ADDED VALUE OF COMPUTER AIDED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Nys Koenraad, Provoost Tom, Verbeke Johan, Verleye Johan (Eds.), (2001) Hogeschool voor Wetenschap en Kunst - Departement Architectuur Sint-Lucas, Campus Brussel, ISBN 80-76101-05-1
summary	In the research of historical architecture restoration, scholars respectively focus on the field of architectural context and architectural archeology (Shi, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1995; Fu, 1995, 1997; Chiu, 2000) or on architecture construction and the procedure of restoration (Shi, 1988, 1989; Chiu, 1990). How to choose materials and cope with their durability becomes an important issue in the restoration of historical architecture (Dasser, 1990; Wang, 1998).In the related research of the usage and durability of materials, some scholars deem that, instead of continuing the traditional ways that last for hundreds of years (that is to replace new materials with old ones), it might be better to keep the original materials (Dasser, 1990). However, unavoidably, some of the originals are much worn. Thus we have to first establish the standard of eliminating components, and secondly to replace identical or similar materials with the old components (Lee, 1990). After accomplishing the restoration, we often unexpectedly find out that the renewed historical building is too new that the sense of history is eliminated (Dasser, 1990; Fu, 1997). Actually this is the important factor that determines the accomplishment of restoration. In the past, some scholars find out that the contrast and conflict between new and old materials are contributed to the different time of manufacture and different coating, such as antiseptic, pattern, etc., which result in the discrepancy of the sense of visual perception (Lee, 1990; Fu, 1997; Dasser, 1990).In recent years, a number of researches and practice of computer technology have been done in the field of architectural design. We are able to proceed design communication more exactly by the application of some systematic softwares, such as image processing, computer graphic, computer modeling/rendering, animation, multimedia, virtual reality and so on (Lawson, 1995; Liu, 1996). The application of computer technology to the research of the preservation of historical architecture is comparatively late. Continually some researchers explore the procedure of restoration by computer simulation technology (Potier, 2000), or establish digital database of the investigation of historical architecture (Sasada, 2000; Wang, 1998). How to choose materials by the technology of computer simulation influences the sense of visual perception. Liu (2000) has a more complete result on visual impact analysis and assessment (VIAA) about the research of urban design projection. The main subjects of this research paper focuses on whether the technology of computer simulation can extenuate the conflict between new and old materials that imposed on visual perception.The objective of this paper is to propose a standard method of visual harmony effects for materials in historical architecture (taking the Gigi Train Station destroyed by the earthquake in last September as the operating example).There are five steps in this research: 1.Categorize the materials of historical architecture and establish the information in digital database. 2.Get new materials of historical architecture and establish the information in digital database. 3.According to the mixing amount of new and old materials, determinate their proportion of the building; mixing new and old materials in a certain way. 4.Assign the mixed materials to the computer model and proceed the simulation of lighting. 5.Make experts and the citizens to evaluate the accomplished computer model in order to propose the expected standard method.According to the experiment mentioned above, we first address a procedure of material simulation of the historical architecture restoration and then offer some suggestions of how to mix new and old materials.By this procedure of simulation, we offer a better view to control the restoration of historical architecture. And, the discrepancy and discordance by new and old materials can be released. Moreover, we thus avoid to reconstructing ¡§too new¡¨ historical architecture.
series	AVOCAAD
email
last changed	2005/09/09 10:48

_id	2560
authors	Alkhoven, Patricia
year	1991
title	The Reconstruction of the Past: The Application of New Techniques for Visualization and Research in Architectural History
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures: Education, Research, Applications [CAAD Futures ‘91 Conference Proceedings / ISBN 3-528-08821-4] Zürich (Switzerland), July 1991, pp. 549-566
summary	This paper focuses on the visualization of historical architecture. The application of new Computer-Aided- Architectural-Design techniques for visualization on micro computers provides a technique for reconstructing and analyzing architectural objects from the past. The pilot project describes a case study in which the historical transformation of a town will be analyzed by using three- dimensional CAD models in combination with bitmap textures. The transformation of the historic town will be visualized in a space-time computer model in which bitmap textures enable us to display complex and relatively large architectural objects in detail. This three-dimensional descriptive model allows us to survey and analyze the history of architecture in its reconstructed context. It also provides a medium for researching the dynamics of urban management, since new combinations and arrangements with the individual architectural objects can be created. In this way, a new synthesis of the graphic material can reveal typologies and the architectural ordering system of a town.
keywords	3D City modeling
series	CAAD Futures
last changed	2003/11/21 15:15

_id	0ab2
authors	Amor, R., Hosking, J., Groves, L. and Donn, M.
year	1993
title	Design Tool Integration: Model Flexibility for the Building Profession
source	Proceedings of Building Systems Automation - Integration, University of Wisconsin-Madison
summary	The development of ICAtect, as discussed in the Building Systems Automation and Integration Symposium of 1991, provides a way of integrating simulation tools through a common building model. However, ICAtect is only a small step towards the ultimate goal of total integration and automation of the building design process. In this paper we investigate the next steps on the path toward integration. We examine how models structured to capture the physical attributes of the building, as required by simulation tools, can be used to converse with knowledge-based systems. We consider the types of mappings that occur in the often different views of a building held by these two classes of design tools. This leads us to examine the need for multiple views of a common building model. We then extend our analysis from the views required by simulation and knowledge-based systems, to those required by different segments of the building profession (e.g. architects, engineers, developers, etc.) to converse with such an integrated system. This indicates a need to provide a flexible method of accessing data in the common building model to facilitate use by different building professionals with varying specialities and levels of expertise.
series	journal paper
email
last changed	2003/05/15 21:22

_id	f9bd
authors	Amor, R.W.
year	1991
title	ICAtect: Integrating Design Tools for Preliminary Architectural Design
source	Wellington, New Zealand: Computer Science Department, Victoria University
summary	ICAtect is a knowledge based system that provides an interface between expert systems, simulation packages and CAD systems used for preliminary architectural design. This thesis describes its structure and development.The principal work discussed in this thesis involves the formulation of a method for representing a building. This is developed through an examination of a number of design tools used in architectural design, and the ways in which each of these describe a building.Methods of enabling data to be transferred between design tools are explored. A Common Building Model (CBM), forming the core of the ICAtect system, is developed to represent the design tools knowledge of a building. This model covers the range of knowledge required by a large set of disparate design tools used by architects at the initial design stage.Standard methods of integrating information from the tools were examined, but required augmentation to encompass the unusual constraints found in some of the design tools. The integration of the design tools and the CBM is discussed in detail, with example methods developed for each type of design tool. These example methods provide a successful way of moving information between the different representations. Some problems with mapping data between very different representations were encountered in this process, and the solutions or ideas for remedies are detailed. A model for control and use of ICAtect is developed in the thesis, and the extensions to enable a graphical user interface are discussed.The methods developed in this thesis demonstrate the feasibility of an integrated system of this nature, while the discussion of future work indicates the scope and potential power of ICAtect.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	227a
authors	Bourdeau, L., Dubois, A.-M. and Poyet, P.
year	1991
title	A Common Data Model for Computer Integrated Building
source	computer Integrated Future, CIB W78 Seminar. September, 1991. Unnumbered : some ill. includes bibliography
summary	The connection of various building performance evaluation tools in a collaborative way is an essential request to develop true CAD systems. It is a basic requirement for the future of integrated information systems for building projects, where data concerning multiple aspects of the project can be exchanged during the different design steps. This paper deals with the on-going research concerning the generation of a common data model in the framework of a European collaborative action, the COMBINE Project, which is supported by the CEC, General Directorate XII for Research Science and Development, within the JOULE programme. The first step of the research concerns the progressive construction of a conceptual model and the paper focuses on the development of this Integrated Data Model (IDM). The paper reports on the definition of the architecture of the IDM. The main issues and the methodology of the IDM development are presented. The IDM development methodology is based on successive steps dealing with the identification of the data and context which are considered by the Design Tool Prototypes (DTP) to be connected through the IDM, the conceptual integration of this knowledge, and the implementation of the model on an appropriate software environment
keywords	standards, integration, communication, building, evaluation, modeling
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 14:41

_id	0aba
authors	Carrara, Gianfranco, Kalay, Yehuda E. and Novembri, Gabriele
year	1991
title	Intelligent Systems for Supporting Architectural Design
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures: Education, Research, Applications [CAAD Futures ‘91 Conference Proceedings / ISBN 3-528-08821-4] Zürich (Switzerland), July 1991, pp. 191-202
summary	Design can be considered a process leading to the definition of a physical form that achieves a certain predefined set of objectives. The process comprises three distinct operations: (1) definition of the desired set of performance criteria (design goals); (2) production of alternative design solutions; (3) evaluation of the expected performances of alternative design solutions, and comparing them to predefined criteria. Difficulties arise in performing each one of the three operations, as well as in combining them into a purposeful, unified process. First, it is difficult to define the desired performance criteria prior to and independently of, the search for an acceptable solution that achieves them, since many aspects of the desired criteria can only be discovered through the search for an acceptable solution. Furthermore, the search for such a solution may well alter the definition of these criteria, as new criteria and incompatibilities between existing criteria are discovered. Second the generation of a design solution is a task demanding creativity, judgement, and experience, all three of which are difficult to define, teach, and otherwise capture in some explicit manner. Third, it is difficult to evaluate the expected performances of alternative design solutions and to compare them to the predefined criteria. Design parameters interact with each other in complex ways, which cause effects and side effects. Predicting the expected performances of even primary effects involves extrapolating non-physical characteristics from the proposed solution's physical organization, a process which relies on a host of assumptions (physical, sociological, psychological, etc.) and hence is seldom a reliable measure. A fourth problem arises from the need to coordinate the three operations in an iterative process that will converge on an acceptable design solution in reasonable time. Computational techniques that were developed in the past to assist designers in performing the above mentioned activities have shown limitations and proved inadequate to a large degree. In this paper we discuss the work in progress aimed at developing an intelligent support system for building and architectural design, which will be able to play a decisive role in the definition, evaluation and putting into effect of the design choices.
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2003/05/16 20:58

_id	00bc
authors	Chen, Chen-Cheng
year	1991
title	Analogical and inductive reasoning in architectural design computation
source	Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich
summary	Computer-aided architectural design technology is now a crucial tool of modern architecture, from the viewpoint of higher productivity and better products. As technologies advance, the amount of information and knowledge that designers can apply to a project is constantly increasing. This requires development of more advanced knowledge acquisition technology to achieve higher functionality, flexibility, and efficient performance of the knowledge-based design systems in architecture. Human designers do not solve design problems from scratch, they utilize previous problem solving episodes for similar design problems as a basis for developmental decision making. This observation leads to the starting point of this research: First, we can utilize past experience to solve a new problem by detecting the similarities between the past problem and the new problem. Second, we can identify constraints and general rules implied by those similarities and the similar parts of similar situations. That is, by applying analogical and inductive reasoning we can advance the problem solving process.The main objective of this research is to establish the theory that (1) design process can be viewed as a learning process, (2) design innovation involves analogical and inductive reasoning, and (3) learning from a designer's previous design cases is necessary for the development of the next generation in a knowledge-based design system. This thesis draws upon results from several disciplines, including knowledge representation and machine learning in artificial intelligence, and knowledge acquisition in knowledge engineering, to investigate a potential design environment for future developments in computer-aided architectural design. This thesis contains three parts which correspond to the different steps of this research. Part I, discusses three different ways - problem solving, learning and creativity - of generating new thoughts based on old ones. In Part II, the problem statement of the thesis is made and a conceptual model of analogical and inductive reasoning in design is proposed. In Part III, three different methods of building design systems for solving an architectural design problem are compared rule-based, example-based, and case-based. Finally, conclusions are made based on the current implementation of the work, and possible future extensions of this research are described. It reveals new approaches for knowledge acquisition, machine learning, and knowledge-based design systems in architecture.
series	thesis:PhD
email
last changed	2003/05/10 05:42

_id	9c37
id	9c37
authors	Coates P, Derix C, Krakhofer S and Karanouh A
year	2005
title	Generating Architectural Spatial Configurations: two approaches using voronoi tessellations and particle systems
source	Proceedings of the Generative Arts conference, Milan, 2005
summary	It was one of the primary goals of the original Master’s programme in Computing and design at UEL in 1991 that we should work towards defining morphological generative processes for the conceptual design of architectural objects. These two papers offer a range of techniques which have been developed by two of this years MSc students (04-05) which show that we are getting close to this. The approaches range from computational geometric approaches (3d parametrics and voronoi diagrams) to emergent spatial organisation using agent based modelling. In many cases the resultant geometry is defined to the point where it can be transferred to advanced evaluation and fabrication systems, thus making this work sufficiently developed to begin to form a useful part in practical design processes.
keywords	morphology, computational geometry, particle systems, physical simulation, voronoi diagrams
series	other
type	normal paper
email
more	http://www.generativeart.com/
last changed	2012/09/20 18:39

_id	cdb1
authors	Cornick, T., Noble, B. and Hallahan, C.
year	1991
title	The Limitations of Current Working Practices on the Development of Computer Integrating Modelling in Construction
source	computer Integrated Future, CIB W78 Seminar. Calibre, The Netherlands: Eindhoven University of Technology, september, 1991. Unnumbered. includes bibliography
summary	For the construction Industry to improve its processes through the application computer-based systems, traditional working practices must first change to support the integrated control of design and construction. Current manual methods of practice accept the limitations of man to process a wide range of building performance and production information simultaneously. However when these limitations are removed, through the applications of computer systems, the constraints of manual methods need no longer apply. The first generation of computer applications to the Construction Industry merely modelled the divided and sequential processes of manual methods i.e. drafting, specification writing, engineering and quantity calculations, estimating, billing, material ordering data-bases and activity planning. Use of these systems raises expectations that connections within the computer between the processes modelled can actually be made and faster and more integrated information processing be achieved. 'Linking' software is then developed. The end result of this approach was that users were able to produce information faster, present it in an impressive manner but, in reality, no perceived improvement in actual building performance, production economy or efficiency was realized. A current government sponsored Teaching Company Programme with a UK design and build company is addressing the problem of how real economic benefit can be realized through improvement in, amongst other things, their existing computer applications. This work is being carried out by both considering an academic conceptual model of how 'designing for production' can be achieved in computer applications and what is immediately realizable in practice by modelling the integration of a limited number of knowledge domains to which computers are already being applied. i.e. billing from design, estimating and buying. This paper describes each area of work and how they are impacting on each other
keywords	construction, building process, integration
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

_id	2e56
authors	Coyne, Robert Francis
year	1991
title	ABLOOS : an evolving hierarchical design framework
source	Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Architecture
summary	The research reported in this thesis develops an approach toward a more effective use of hierarchical decomposition in computational design systems. The approach is based on providing designers a convenient interactive means to specify and experiment with the decompositional structure of design problems, rather than having decompositions pre-specified and encoded in the design system. Following this approach, a flexible decomposition capability is combined with an underlying design method to form the basis for an extensible and evolving framework for cooperative (humdcomputer) design. As a testbed for this approach, the ABLOOS framework for layout design is designed and constructed as a hierarchical extension of LOOS.’The framework enables a layout task to be hierarchically decomposed, and for the LOOS methodology to be applied recursively to layout subtasks at appropriate levels of abstraction within the hierarchy; layout solutions for the subtasks are then recomposed to achieve an overall solution, Research results thus far are promising: ABLOOS has produced high quality solutions for a class of industrial layout design tasks (an analog power board layout with 60 components that have multiple complex constraints on their placement); the adaptability of the framework across domains and disciplines has been demonstrated; and, further development of ABLOOS is underway including its extension to layouts in 2 1/2D space and truly 3D arrangements. The contribution of this work is in demonstrating an effective, flexible and extensible capability for hierarchical decomposition in design. It has also produced a more comprehensive layout system that can serve as a foundation for the further investigation of hierarchical decomposition in a variety of design domains.
series	thesis:PhD
last changed	2003/02/12 22:37

_id	8570
authors	Danahy, John
year	1991
title	The Computer-Aided Studio Critic: Gaining Control of What We Look At
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures: Education, Research, Applications [CAAD Futures ‘91 Conference Proceedings / ISBN 3-528-08821-4] Zürich (Switzerland), July 1991, pp. 121-138
summary	This paper presents an approach to teaching that put computer resources in the hands of a studio instructor. A design professor or tutor that is expert in the use of the tool. The studio master used the computer to "study" the propositions of students. This was done as an extension of his current teaching practice. The critic used the computer as another tool additional to discussion, pencil and paper, and working models. Computer walk-throughs and visual representations of concepts were used by the professor to convey his interpretation of the work to students. In this model the students did not have to use the computer. The model recognized the years of experience and expensive equipment required to create an adequate representation of a design scheme and view it in the very short time period available during desk critiques. This approach for studio teaching has not been identified and discussed in any depth in recent literature on CAD studio teaching. The emphasis of papers presented at CAD conferences has been on how to provide students with better software and skills needed to make effective use of computers in their studio work.
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2003/05/16 20:58

_id	caadria2020_231
id	caadria2020_231
authors	Doe, Robert
year	2020
title	sensMOD - Computational Design through the lens of Henri Lefebvre's Spatial Theory
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2020.1.701
source	D. Holzer, W. Nakapan, A. Globa, I. Koh (eds.), RE: Anthropocene, Design in the Age of Humans - Proceedings of the 25th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 5-6 August 2020, pp. 701-710
summary	Spatial productivity is the first of the elements comprising sensMOD, a student elective that implemented a methodology addressing the exigent need of our time for transformation in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) sector. The second and third elements of sensMOD are parts and interaction which focus attention on the nature of complexity and connectivity in our networked world. The paper proposes a methodology that was used to guide the teaching of an elective for third year architecture students at a UK university. Its wider purpose is to contribute to discussion concerning the dysfunctional state of an AEC sector that needs to consider its productivity as projections of wider networks of resource and energy relationships. Henri Lefebvre's spatial theory (1991) guides the narrative and formulation of sensMOD.
keywords	computational design; spatial productivity; modularity; interaction design
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	467d
authors	Eastman, Charles M.
year	1991
title	A Data Model Analysis of Modularity and Extensibility in Building Databases
source	February, 1991. Report No. 16: This paper uses data modeling techniques to define how database schemas for an intelligent integrated architectural CAD system can be made extensible. It reviews the product data modeling language EDM, then applies it to define a part of an architectural data model. Extensions are then investigated, regarding how users could integrate various design-specific packages into a uniquely configured system
summary	Both extension by substituting one technology for another and by adding a new evaluation application, are considered. Data modeling allows specification of a CAD database and identification of the kind of modularization that will work and what problems may arise
keywords	database, building, modeling, CAD, integration, systems, architecture, design
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:15

_id	0457
authors	Fereshetian, Nirva and Eastman, Charles M.
year	1991
title	A Comparison of Information Models for Product Design
source	Computer Integrated Future, CIB W78 Seminar. Calibre, The Netherlands: Eindhoven University of Technology, September, 1991. Unnumbered. includes bibliography
summary	This paper develops the data modeling requirements for modeling products, as required for the development of integrated databases in architecture and construction. These requirements are then applied to four data models: Entity- Relationship Model, NIAM, IDEF1x and EDM
keywords	building, modeling, integration, systems, database, construction
series	CADline
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:15

_id	f85d
authors	Geraedts, Rob P and Pollalis, Spiro N.
year	2001
title	Remote Teaching in Design Education - Educational and Organizational Issues and Experiences
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2001.305
source	Architectural Information Management [19th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-8-1] Helsinki (Finland) 29-31 August 2001, pp. 305-310
summary	The Department of Real Estate and Project Management (BMVB) of the Faculty of Architecture at the Delft University of Technology has been working closely with Professor Spiro N. Pollalis of Harvard University, Graduate School of Design in Cambridge, USA since 1991. His case-based interactive seminars about the management of the design & construction process have been highly appreciated by many generations of students. In Spring 2000, Pollalis suggested to extend the scope of his involvement by introducing a remote teaching component, the subject of his research in the last few years. As Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the Design and Construction Industry is part of his lectures, it was appropriate to provide the students with a first hand experience on the subject. In the following experiment, the teacher would remain in his office at Harvard while the interactive work and discussion sessions with 130 students in a full lecture room would take place in Delft as planned. The consequences this experiment has had for the course, for the techniques and facilities used, how teachers and students experienced these, and which conclusions and recommendations can be made, are the topics of this paper.
keywords	Remote Teaching, Design & Construction Education, And ICT
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	46ce
id	46ce
authors	Gero, J. S.
year	1991
title	Ten problems for AI in design
source	Workshop on AI in Design, IJCAI-91, un-numbered
summary	Modern design research dates back to the end of the eighteenth century when French theorists attempted to describe design as a process. The notion of process in design dates back to the Roman engineer/architect/writer Vitruvius who described both process and performance aspects of designing. Since the 1940s there has been a variety of attempts to provide formal models of design ranging from prescriptive algorithmic-like descriptions through mathematical model and systems theoretic descriptions to the current paradigm based on the precepts and notions of artificial intelligence. All of these, including the current work, is primarily concerned with treating the process aspects of design.
series	other
type	normal paper
email
more	http://www.arch.usyd.edu.au/~john/
last changed	2006/05/27 18:38

_id	a425
authors	Gero, John S. and Maher, Mary Lou
year	1991
title	Mutation and Analogy to Support Creativity in Computer-Aided Design
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures: Education, Research, Applications [CAAD Futures ‘91 Conference Proceedings / ISBN 3-528-08821-4] Zürich (Switzerland), July 1991, pp. 261-270
summary	Creative processes in computer-aided design are identified as those that introduce new design variables into the design process. This paper describes the ideas behind the development of a computational model of creative processes in design. This computational model is founded on the use of mutation and analogy processes working in tandem using design prototypes as the representation scheme
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2003/05/16 20:58

_id	8f20
authors	Hannus, Matti, Jarvinen, Heikki and Astrom, Gunnar
year	1991
title	Exchange of Product Data of Prefabricated Concrete Structures
source	The Computer Integrated Future, CIB W78 Seminar. September, 1991. Unnumbered : ill
summary	As part of efforts to adopt manufacturing automation in a scattered organizational structure the Finnish precast concrete industry has initiated the development of a number of solutions for data exchange. Guidelines concerning various aspects of using computers in the design/manufacturing process were defined in a manual which was widely distributed to involved parties. Standardized neutral file formats for data exchange between dissimilar computer systems were developed for three kinds of data: 1) drawings, 2) tables (e.g. bills of materials) and 3) product model-based data. Translator programs were developed for a number of common CAD-systems as well as a set of software tools to the users of standardized exchange files and software developers. The result of these developments have been widely adopted by fabricators, designers and software developers
keywords	CAD, communication, product modeling, standards
series	CADline
last changed	2003/06/02 13:58

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