CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Hits 1 to 20 of 215

_id 403a
authors Karstila, K., Björk, B.C. and Hannus, M.
year 1991
title A Conceptual Framework for Design and Construction Information
source The Computer Integrated Future, CIB W78 Seminar. september, 1991. Unnumbered : ill. includes bibliography
summary This paper tries to sketch out a conceptual framework model for design and construction information. This conceptual model is formed by extending the Finnish RATAS building product data model to include also construction activities, resources, costs, organizations, contracts, etc. and relationships between them. The overall conceptual framework model can be used to extract conceptual submodels related to the information needs of particular participants of the construction process. As an example of different views to design and construction information the views of design, cost estimating and production planning discussed in the paper. The framework model can also be used to define the position of traditional classification systems and general databases in the construction information process
keywords construction, product modeling, building, information, design process
series CADline
email
last changed 2003/06/02 14:41

_id 2619
authors Otero, E.
year 1996
title EVALUATION OF THE OSLD HOUSING SYSTEM
source Full-Scale Modeling in the Age of Virtual Reality [6th EFA-Conference Proceedings]
summary In the production of low-income housing, one of the factors that most affects the low cost of each unit is its mass production. When it comes to building a proposed design it must have been sufficiently studied and evaluated. When designing low-income housing it is convenient to exhaust all the possibilities of simulation in order to produce a prototype that, once built, has reduced the risk of errors. Simulations allow to improve the prototype before proceeding to build it. The Real Scale Model (RSM) has proved to be a better simulation tool than computer generated models or 1:10 scale models. It allows to reproduce and evaluate perceptual experiences as well as being user friendly because most of the spatial variables can be represented. This research is another example of the use and effectiveness of the RSM in the field of design and architectural research.

A Real Scale Model of the basic unit was built by the students of the course Spatial Design Ability dictated by the LEE. The model was first evaluated empty and then a furnishing solution was proposed, built and evaluated. These evaluations were done by another group of students of the Faculty of Architecture and Planning using the Psychological Impressions Measuring Test (IMIP) developed by Luis La Scalea (1991). This test was designed to measure people’s psychological impressions produced by a space, and consists of a semantic differential structured by eleven pairs of opposing adjectives set on a scale of seven levels. The results of this first evaluation were analysed used to modify the prototype which was evaluated again in order to produce a final layout.

keywords Model Simulation, Real Environments
series other
type normal paper
more http://info.tuwien.ac.at/efa/
last changed 2004/05/04 14:41

_id 241f
authors Van Wyk, C.S.G., Bhat, R., Gauchel, J. and Hartkopf, V.
year 1991
title A Knowledge-based Approach to Building Design and Performance Evaluation
source Reality and Virtual Reality [ACADIA Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-00-4] Los Angeles (California - USA) October 1991, pp. 1-14
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1991.001
summary The introduction of physically-based description and simulation methods to issues of building performance (i.e., acoustic, visual, and air quality; thermal comfort, cost, and long-term system integrity) began in the early 1960s as one of the first examples of computer-aided design in architecture. Since that time, the development of commercially-available computer-aided design systems has largely been oriented towards the visualization and representation of the geometry of buildings, while the development of building performance applications has been concerned with approaches to mathematical and physics-based modeling for predictive purposes.
series ACADIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:58

_id 2d77
authors Korte, Michael
year 1991
title CASOB - Simultaneous Surveying and Drawing
source Experiences with CAAD in Education and Practice [eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Munich (Germany) 17-19 October 1991
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1991.x.t7p
summary Accurate planning and economical building within an existing structure require a complex building analysis based upon detailed scale plans. Work has shown unsatisfactory of measuring tools: (1.) Recording of measurements with meterrule and measuring tape often results in mistakes and wasted time. Since the data is not digitalized the measurements cannot be used by a CAD system. (2.) Commercially available CAD software is made only for new planning but not for planning with an existing structure. Up till now architects who predominantly work with existing structures were not able to take advantage of products in the software- and hardware market which would satisfy their needs. The problems already begin with the search for appropriate tools for the surveying of existing structures and the simplest possible transfer of the data to a CAD System. There is an increased demand for quality surveying of existing structures. In Germany, far more than 60 % of all construction planning is related to existing structures. Due to the special situation in the five new states this percentage will grow significantly. Other countries will find themselves in a similar situation. A large number of precise and analytical surveys of existing structures will be needed in a relative short time. Time pressure and stress factors at construction sites call for quality planning and economical construction which can only be accomplished with reliable and exact surveying of structures. Frustrating experiences in the field have led me to develop systems for the surveying of existing structures. With CASOB (Computer Aided Surveying of Buildings) we have a tool today that simultaneously surveys and creates a CAD compatible drawing.

series eCAADe
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id c65f
authors Littlefair, P.J.
year 1991
title Site Layout Planning for Daylight and Sunlight
source Building Research Establishment Report
summary This guide gives advice on site layout planning to achieve good sunlight and daylight within buildings and adjacent open spaces such as gardens. It includes methods that allow for the calculation of sunlight or daylight levels at 4 different latitudes within the UK and for different times of the year. An additional section discusses the subject of site layout and design for obtaining maximum solar energy. This guide supersedes the original Department of the Environment document Sunlight and Daylight. BRE 209 has sections for the following:- * Light from the Sky. * New development. * Existing Buildings. * Adjoining development land. * Sunlighting. * New development. * Existing Buildings. * Gardens & open spaces. * Passive solar design. * Other issues. * View. * Privacy. * Security. * Access. * Enclosure. * Microclimate. * Solar dazzle. * Appendix A. Indicators to calculate access to sunlight, skylight and solar radiation. * Appendix B. A waldram diagram to calculate vertical sky component. * Appendix C. Interior daylighting recommendations. * Appendix D. Plotting the no-sky line. * Appendix E. Rights to light. * Appendix F. Setting alternative target values for skylight access. * Appendix G. Calculation of sun on the ground. * Appendix H. Definitions.
series report
last changed 2003/04/23 15:14

_id 8c8c
authors Richter, Peter
year 1991
title Integrating Planning Systems
source Experiences with CAAD in Education and Practice [eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Munich (Germany) 17-19 October 1991
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1991.x.t3o
summary Goals and concepts of integrating different computeraided design and administration systems for many tasks in design and management of buildings were reported from the viewpoint of research and software development. They are presented by example of the ISYBAU-project.

series eCAADe
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id 29d4
authors Kohler, Niklaus
year 1991
title Modelisation of a Building During its Life Cycle
source The Computer Integrated Future, CIB W78 Seminar. september, 1991. Unnumbered. includes bibliography
summary The appreciation of the performance and the costs of a building should be carried out over the entire life of the building. The usual life cycle cost approach has to be extended to the external costs. Different models of the building-energy-environment system are proposed. The building description is based on a basic physical process model which is linked to the construction operations and cost elements used by quantity surveyors. The necessities for new data structures allowing different views of the data are discussed
keywords building, life cycle, product modeling, cost, evaluation
series CADline
last changed 1999/02/12 15:08

_id a88f
authors Liggett, Robin , Jepson, William and Teodosiadis, Stephen
year 1991
title A Stratified Approach to the Integration of Low Cost Modelling with Advanced Technology Rendering
source Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures: Education, Research, Applications [CAAD Futures ‘91 Conference Proceedings / ISBN 3-528-08821-4] Zürich (Switzerland), July 1991, pp. 105-120
summary This paper presents a stratified approach to the integration of low cost modeling software (such as AutoCAD) with advanced workstation based rendering systems (such as Wavefront and the Silicon Graphics radiosity renderer). Powerful extensions to the basic modeling system are introduced which greatly reduce the required design effort, while significantly increasing the efficiency of the rendering software.
series CAAD Futures
last changed 1999/04/07 12:03

_id 1839
authors Papamichael, Konstantinos Michael
year 1991
title Design process and knowledge possibilities and limitations of computer-aided design
source University of California, Berkeley
summary An attempt to determine how computers can be used to assist designers resulted in the development of a design theory, according to which design is 'feeling and thinking while acting.' Design is theorized as living through one's imagination, however being continuously affected by real life itself. The design process is decomposed into elementary activities that are characterized with respect to the nature of knowledge requirements and the degree to which they can be specified and delegated to computers. The results are considered as criteria to determine possibilities and limitations of computer-aided design. An integration of a variety of computer applications tools is proposed towards the design and development of a computer-based Design Support Environment (DSE), that is applicable to any design domain. The proposed DSE automates all specifiable and delegable design activities, while assisting with the nondelegable ones through appropriate user interface. A DSE demonstration prototype is also presented in the Appendix. This prototype addresses the design of fenestration and electric lighting systems of office spaces with respect to comfort, energy and cost.
series thesis:PhD
email
last changed 2003/02/24 20:32

_id b5be
authors Stok, Leon
year 1991
title Architectural synthesis and optimization of digital systems
source Eindhoven University of Technology
summary High level synthesis means going from an functional specification of a digits-system at the algorithmic level to a register transfer level structure. Different appli-cations will ask for different design styles. Despite this diversity in design styles many tasks in the synthesis will be similar. There is no need to write a new synthesis system for each design style. The best way to go seems a decomposition of the high level synthesis problems in several well defined subproblems. How the problem is decomposed depends heavily on a) the type of network architecture chosen, b) the constraints applied to the design and c) on the functional description itself. From this architecture style, the constraints and the functional description a synthesis scheme can be derived. Once this scheme is fixed, algorithms can be chosen which fit into this scheme and solve the subproblems in a fast and, when possible, optimal way. To support such a synthesis philosophy, a framework is needed in which all design information can be stored in a unique way during the various phases of the design process. This asks for a design data base capable of handling all design information with a formally defined interface to all design tools. This thesis gives a formal way to describe both the functional representation, the register transfer level structure and the controller and the relations between all three of them. Special attention has been paid to the efficient representation of mutual exclusive operations and array accesses. The scheduling and allocation problems are defined as mappings between these formal representations. Both the existing synthesis algorithms and the new algorithms described in this thesis fit into this framework. Three new allocation algorithms are presented in this thesis: an algorithm for optimal register allocation in cyclic data flow graphs, an exact polynomial algorithm to do the module allocation and a new scheme to minimize the number of interconnections during all stages of the data path allocation. Cyclic data flow graphs result from high level behavioral descriptions that contain loops. Algorithms for register allocation in high level synthesis published up till now, only considered loop free data flow graphs, When these algorithms are applied to data flow graphs with loops, unnecessary register transfer operations are introduced. A new algorithm is presented that performs a minimal register allocation and eliminates all superfluous register transfer operations. The problem is reformulated as a multicommodity network flow problem for which very efficient solutions exist. Experiments on a benchmark set have shown that in all test cases all register transfers could be eliminated at no increase in register cost. Only heuristic algorithms appeared in literature to solve the module allocation problem. The module allocation problem is usually defined as a clique cover problem on a so-called module allocation graph. It is shown that, under certain conditions, the module allocation graph belongs to the special class of comparability graphs. A polynomial time algorithm can optimally find a clique cover of such a graph. Even when interconnect weights are taken into account, this can be solved exactly. This problem can be transformed into a maximal cost network flow problem, which can be solved exactly in polynomial time. An algorithm is described which solves the module allocation problem with interconnect weights exactly, with a complexity O(kn2), where n is the number of operations In previous research, interconnection was optimized when the module allocation for the operations and the register allocation for the variables already had been done. However, the amount of multiplexing and interconnect are crucial factors to both the delay and the area of a circuit. A new scheme is presented to minimize the number of interconnections during the data path allocation. This scheme first groups all values based on their read and write times. Values belonging to the same group can share a register file. This minimizes the number of data transfers with different sources and destinations. Secondly, registers are allocated for each group separately. Finally the interconnect allocation is done. During the interconnect allocation, the module allocation is determined. The value grouping is based on edge coloring algorithms providing a sharp upper bound on the number of colors needed two techniques: splitting read and write phases of values and introducing serial (re-)write operations for the same value, make that even more efficient exact edge coloring algorithms can be used. It is shown that when variables are grouped into register files and operations are assigned to modules during the interconnection minimization, significant savings (20%) can be obtained in the number of local interconnections and the amount of global interconnect, at the expense of only slightly more register area.
keywords Digital Systems; Digital Systems
series thesis:PhD
email
last changed 2003/02/12 22:37

_id a620
authors Asanowicz, Alexander
year 1991
title Unde et Quo
source Experiences with CAAD in Education and Practice [eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Munich (Germany) 17-19 October 1991
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1991.x.t1s
summary To begin with, I would like to say a few words about the problem of alienation of modern technologies which we also inevitably faced while starting teaching CAD at our department. Quite often nowadays a technology becomes a fetish as a result of lack of clear goals in human mind. There are multiple technologies without sense of purpose which turned into pure experiments. There is always the danger of losing purposeness and drifting toward alienation. The cause of the danger lies in forgetting about original goals while mastering and developing the technology. Eventually the original idea is ignored and a great gap appears between technical factors and creativity. We had the danger of alienation in mind when preparing the CAAD curriculum. Trying to avoid the tension between technical and creative elements we agreed not to introduce CAD too soon then the fourth year of studies and continue it for two semesters. One thing was clear - we should not teach the technique of CAD but how to design using a computer as a medium. Then we specified projects. The first was called "The bathroom I dream of" and meant to be a 2D drawing. The four introductory meetings were in fact teaching foundations of DOS, then a specific design followed with the help of AutoCAD program. In the IX semester, for example, it was "A family house" (plans, facades, perspective). "I have to follow them - I am their leader" said L.J. Peter in "The Peter's Prescription". This quotation reflects exactly the situation we find ourselves in teaching CAAD at our department. It means that ever growing students interest in CAAD made us introduce changes in the curriculum. According to the popular saying, "The more one gets the more one wants", so did we and the students feel after the first semester of teaching CAD. From autumn 1991 CAAD classes will be carried from the third year of studying for two consecutive years. But before further planning one major steep had to be done - we decided to reverse the typical of the seventies approach to the problem when teaching programming languages preceded practical goals hence discouraging many learners.

series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id ddss2006-hb-487
id DDSS2006-HB-487
authors Chien-Tung Chen and Teng-Wen Chang
year 2006
title 1:1 Spatially Augmented Reality Design Environment
source Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) 2006, Innovations in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Springer, ISBN-10: 1-4020-5059-3, ISBN-13: 978-1-4020-5059-6, p. 487-499
summary With the development of ubiquitous computing (Weiser, 1991), what will become of the traditional media such as pen and sketches, especially in the design education environment? Or what will they be transformed into? In this research, we focus on the interior design process with a particular type of media-1:1 spatially augmented reality design environment (SARDE). In this research, we tried to implement SARDE and have a scenario experiment to check how designers interact with such design media. Furthermore, through this research, we have come to know more about how designers use design media to represent their design dream.
keywords Design & Decision Support Systems, Spatially Augmented Reality, Architecture Education, and Computer Visualization
series DDSS
last changed 2006/08/29 12:55

_id cdb1
authors Cornick, T., Noble, B. and Hallahan, C.
year 1991
title The Limitations of Current Working Practices on the Development of Computer Integrating Modelling in Construction
source computer Integrated Future, CIB W78 Seminar. Calibre, The Netherlands: Eindhoven University of Technology, september, 1991. Unnumbered. includes bibliography
summary For the construction Industry to improve its processes through the application computer-based systems, traditional working practices must first change to support the integrated control of design and construction. Current manual methods of practice accept the limitations of man to process a wide range of building performance and production information simultaneously. However when these limitations are removed, through the applications of computer systems, the constraints of manual methods need no longer apply. The first generation of computer applications to the Construction Industry merely modelled the divided and sequential processes of manual methods i.e. drafting, specification writing, engineering and quantity calculations, estimating, billing, material ordering data-bases and activity planning. Use of these systems raises expectations that connections within the computer between the processes modelled can actually be made and faster and more integrated information processing be achieved. 'Linking' software is then developed. The end result of this approach was that users were able to produce information faster, present it in an impressive manner but, in reality, no perceived improvement in actual building performance, production economy or efficiency was realized. A current government sponsored Teaching Company Programme with a UK design and build company is addressing the problem of how real economic benefit can be realized through improvement in, amongst other things, their existing computer applications. This work is being carried out by both considering an academic conceptual model of how 'designing for production' can be achieved in computer applications and what is immediately realizable in practice by modelling the integration of a limited number of knowledge domains to which computers are already being applied. i.e. billing from design, estimating and buying. This paper describes each area of work and how they are impacting on each other
keywords construction, building process, integration
series CADline
last changed 2003/06/02 13:58

_id ddss9426
id ddss9426
authors Duijvestein, Kees
year 1994
title Integrated Design and Sustainable Building
source Second Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture & Urban Planning (Vaals, the Netherlands), August 15-19, 1994
summary In the international student-project "European Environmental Campus 91 TU Delft Dordrecht" 20 students from 13 European countries worked in september 1991, during three weeks on "EcologicalSketches for the Island of Dordrecht". They worked on four different scales: the region isle of Dordt / the district Stadspolders / the neighbourhood I the house and the block. The environmentaltheme's Energy, Water, Traffic & Noise, Landscape & Soil were together with spatial analyses combined with the different scales. This combination was organised following the scheme mentioned below. The characters stand for the students. During the first period they worked in research groups, during the last period more in design groups. For instance: student L works in the beginning with the students B, G and Q in the research group water. In the last period sheworks with K, M, N and 0 in the design group Neighbourhood. Those students worked earlier in the other research-groups and contribute now in the design-group their thematic environmental knowledge. The results were presented to the Dordrecht council, officials and press. In the next project in september and october 1993 we started earlier with the design groups. Ten Dutch and ten "Erasmus" students worked for six weeks on proposals for the Vinex location Wateringenthe Hague. Each morning they worked in the research groups each afternoon in the design groups. The research groups used the EcoDesign Tools, small applications in Excel on Apple Macintoshto quantify the environmental pressure.
series DDSS
last changed 2003/08/07 16:36

_id 218a
authors Ervin, Stephen M.
year 1991
title Intra-Medium and Inter-Media Constraints
source Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures: Education, Research, Applications [CAAD Futures ‘91 Conference Proceedings / ISBN 3-528-08821-4] Zürich (Switzerland), July 1991, pp. 365-380
summary Designers work with multiple representations in a variety of media to express and explore different kinds of knowledge. The advantages of multi-media in design are well- known, and exemplified by the current interest in 'hyper-media' approaches to knowledge exploration. A principal activity in working between views in one medium (e.g. plan, section and perspective drawings), or between different representations (diagrams, maps, graphs, pictures, e.g.) is extrapolating decisions made in one view or medium over to others, so that some consistency is maintained, and implications can be explored. The former kind of consistency maintenance (intra-medium) is beginning to be well understood techniques for constraint expression., satisfaction and propagation are starting to appear in 'smart CAD' systems. The latter kind of consistency maintenance inter-media.) is different, less well understood, and will require new mechanisms for constraint management and exploration. Experiments, hypotheses, and solutions in this direction will be central to any effort that seeks to explain, emulate or assist the integrative, synthetic reasoning that characterizes environmental design and planning. This paper examines some of the characteristics and advantages of intra and inter-media constraint exploration, describes a prototype "designers workstation" and some experiments in the context of landscape planning and design, and lays out some directions for development of these ideas in future computer aided design systems.
series CAAD Futures
last changed 1999/04/07 12:03

_id 1ecb
authors Hallberg, Gun
year 1991
title Theories and Methods in Full-Scale Studies
source Proceedings of the 3rd European Full-Scale Modelling Conference / ISBN 91-7740044-5 / Lund (Sweden) 13-16 September 1990, pp. 34-37
summary By full-scale experiments we are studying functional dimensions and spatial requirements in the planning laboratory. That means, that by working in a place where the spatial dimensions could be altered and the consequences studied, we make trials to arrive at acceptable dimensions. Test subjects and various experimental set-ups enable us to study building function requirements in what we think, a quite fruitful way.
keywords Full-scale Modeling, Model Simulation, Real Environments
series other
more http://info.tuwien.ac.at/efa
last changed 2003/08/25 10:12

_id ga0010
id ga0010
authors Moroni, A., Zuben, F. Von and Manzolli, J.
year 2000
title ArTbitrariness in Music
source International Conference on Generative Art
summary Evolution is now considered not only powerful enough to bring about the biological entities as complex as humans and conciousness, but also useful in simulation to create algorithms and structures of higher levels of complexity than could easily be built by design. In the context of artistic domains, the process of human-machine interaction is analyzed as a good framework to explore creativity and to produce results that could not be obtained without this interaction. When evolutionary computation and other computational intelligence methodologies are involved, every attempt to improve aesthetic judgement we denote as ArTbitrariness, and is interpreted as an interactive iterative optimization process. ArTbitrariness is also suggested as an effective way to produce art through an efficient manipulation of information and a proper use of computational creativity to increase the complexity of the results without neglecting the aesthetic aspects [Moroni et al., 2000]. Our emphasis will be in an approach to interactive music composition. The problem of computer generation of musical material has received extensive attention and a subclass of the field of algorithmic composition includes those applications which use the computer as something in between an instrument, in which a user "plays" through the application's interface, and a compositional aid, which a user experiments with in order to generate stimulating and varying musical material. This approach was adopted in Vox Populi, a hybrid made up of an instrument and a compositional environment. Differently from other systems found in genetic algorithms or evolutionary computation, in which people have to listen to and judge the musical items, Vox Populi uses the computer and the mouse as real-time music controllers, acting as a new interactive computer-based musical instrument. The interface is designed to be flexible for the user to modify the music being generated. It explores evolutionary computation in the context of algorithmic composition and provides a graphical interface that allows to modify the tonal center and the voice range, changing the evolution of the music by using the mouse[Moroni et al., 1999]. A piece of music consists of several sets of musical material manipulated and exposed to the listener, for example pitches, harmonies, rhythms, timbres, etc. They are composed of a finite number of elements and basically, the aim of a composer is to organize those elements in an esthetic way. Modeling a piece as a dynamic system implies a view in which the composer draws trajectories or orbits using the elements of each set [Manzolli, 1991]. Nonlinear iterative mappings are associated with interface controls. In the next page two examples of nonlinear iterative mappings with their resulting musical pieces are shown.The mappings may give rise to attractors, defined as geometric figures that represent the set of stationary states of a non-linear dynamic system, or simply trajectories to which the system is attracted. The relevance of this approach goes beyond music applications per se. Computer music systems that are built on the basis of a solid theory can be coherently embedded into multimedia environments. The richness and specialty of the music domain are likely to initiate new thinking and ideas, which will have an impact on areas such as knowledge representation and planning, and on the design of visual formalisms and human-computer interfaces in general. Above and bellow, Vox Populi interface is depicted, showing two nonlinear iterative mappings with their resulting musical pieces. References [Manzolli, 1991] J. Manzolli. Harmonic Strange Attractors, CEM BULLETIN, Vol. 2, No. 2, 4 -- 7, 1991. [Moroni et al., 1999] Moroni, J. Manzolli, F. Von Zuben, R. Gudwin. Evolutionary Computation applied to Algorithmic Composition, Proceedings of CEC99 - IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation, Washington D. C., p. 807 -- 811,1999. [Moroni et al., 2000] Moroni, A., Von Zuben, F. and Manzolli, J. ArTbitration, Las Vegas, USA: Proceedings of the 2000 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Workshop Program – GECCO, 143 -- 145, 2000.
series other
email
more http://www.generativeart.com/
last changed 2003/08/07 17:25

_id f2f6
authors Papper, M., Danahy, J. and Baecker, R.
year 1991
title Predictable Modelling Interaction Using High-Level Constraints: Making Objects Behave As They Would In Our Environment
source Reality and Virtual Reality [ACADIA Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-00-4] Los Angeles (California - USA) October 1991, pp. 211-222
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1991.211
summary An approach for a graphical CAD system that is capable of representing physical and geometric aspects of a design using high-level constraints (HLCs) is presented. A prototype spatial planning system incorporating constraints is used in an interactive manner to refine designs by following an iterative approach which uses visual information to evaluate the design at each stage of iteration. High-level constraints aid this iterative approach by influencing (or constraining) the behavior of objects as they are interactively manipulated during the design stage of problem solving. High-level constraints also define the scaling properties of objects which are useful during the construction stage of problem solving. This system and its implications for the design of CAD systems incorporating HLCs are discussed.
series ACADIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 08:00

_id 11b9
authors Rabie, J.
year 1991
title Towards the simulation of urban morphology
source Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 18, 57-70
summary Contributed by Susan Pietsch (spietsch@arch.adelaide.edu.au)
keywords 3D City Modeling, Development Control, Design Control
series other
last changed 2001/06/04 20:41

_id ascaad2007_008
id ascaad2007_008
authors Rafi A. and R. Mat Rani
year 2007
title Visual impact assessment (VIA): A review on theoretical frameworks for urban streetscape
source Em‘body’ing Virtual Architecture: The Third International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2007), 28-30 November 2007, Alexandria, Egypt, pp. 87-94
summary This paper reviews several theoretical frameworks of visual analysis used in computer-based Visual Impact Assessment (VIA) for design decisions in architecture, urban landscape and urban planning. The discussion will focus on the underlying issues of preferences and predictions between designer and lay-public, methodologies of visual analysis, and computing media technologies due to fact that these components primarily contribute towards the result of VIA. Two different sets of visual analysis (i.e. designer’s and layman’s points of view) are presented based on Sanoff’s (1991) arguments that lay-public preferences are always become a second opinion compared to the judgments by designers. These theories will then be developed and used in the VIA experiments to understand the impact of the visuals in different media for viewers’ understanding. This paper concludes with a discussion and suggestion of analysis framework to be used for the visual experiments.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2008/01/21 22:00

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