Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	7fe0
authors	Castleman, Kenneth R.
year	1993
title	Digital image processing
source	California Institute of Technologie
summary	Digital image processing has experienced explosive growth over the past two decades. Public awareness has increased by way of video games, digital video special effects used in the entertainement industry, as well as articles in the mainstream press. However, the most significant impact of digital image processing in the 90s will be in the area of applications of real world problems. To help readers keep pace, author Kenneth R. Castleman concentrates on those techniques that have proven most useful in practice. Part I presents several important concepts that can be developed without detailed mathematical analysis for a basic understanding. Part II addresses techniques that rely more on mathematics and eaborates analytically on certain concepts introduced in Part I. Part III covers specific application aread that are particularly in industry, science, and medicine. Contents: Preface; Images and Digital Processing; Digitizing Images; Digital Image Display; Image Processing Software; The Gray Level Histogram; Point Operations; Algebraic Operations; Geometric Operations; Filter Design; Wavelet Transformations; Image Restorations; Image Compression; Three Dimensional Image Processing; Appendices; Index.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	8326
authors	Diessenbacher, Claus and Rank, Ernst
year	1993
title	Teaching Design with CAD?
source	[eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Eindhoven (The Netherlands) 11-13 November 1993
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1993.x.i1h
summary	Abstract as well as functionally dependant design exercises are essential components of an architectural education at nearly every university. Their goal is to provide architect students with a feeling for proportions, colours, materials etc., and to teach and train them in threedimensional thinking. Pictures and concepts, developed by the designer are materialized by various technologies such as with pencil and paper in the traditional two-dimensional techniques or with clay, wood, paper etc. in three-dimensional modeling. Now the computer and the CAD-system join the palette of the designers available resources in presentation as both a two-dimensional and a three-dimensional medium. Although CAD is often considered and taught to be only a better drafting tool, the educational goal of our group at the University of Dortmund is to employ CAD as a design support medium. The prerequisites for work with the computer and the CAD system are provided in a compulsory two semester undergraduate subject. Basic programming, work with spreadsheets etc. are some exemplary themes provided in the form of lectures and practical exercises. A main emphasis of this instruction is the mastery of three-dimensional working technology with a comprehensive CAD-System. In cooperation of our computer science group and architecture chairs, seminars involving the use of CAD as a three-dimensional design tool, are offered as graduate courses. The seminars consist of loops of modeling and evaluating objects in a three-dimensional space. With this, the most possible realistic studies in colour, light and proportion take place exclusively on the computer.
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	a293
authors	Fargas, Josep
year	1993
title	Design Mediums and Other Phenomena of First Generation CAD Practice
source	Education and Practice: The Critical Interface [ACADIA Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-02-0] Texas (Texas / USA) 1993, pp. 99-105
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1993.099
summary	In the majority of architecture firms which use CAD tools, computer technology has been retrofitted to an existing traditional practice, with mixed results. I will addresses some of the more interesting phenomena which occur in first generation CAD practices of this type, taking as a case study one well- established firm in Barcelona which, after more than thirty years of a successful practice, has adopted computer technology to such an extent that it is now very difficult to find even an ink pen in their offices. Less than three years after the introduction of its first computer workstation, the Barcelona office is fully computerized, from carrying out even basic design directly with computer technology, to developing inhouse software and maintaining an internet node via modem. This rapid adoption of the technology, although a relatively smooth one, was not free from strange side-effects. Because of the continuing involvement of a large part of the existing staff, the transition to computer aided design required the appearance of hybrid methodologies which are neither the traditional ones, nor what one might expect to find in the newly established CAD practice.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ddss9214
id	ddss9214
authors	Friedman, A.
year	1993
title	A decision-making process for choice of a flexible internal partition option in multi-unit housing using decision theory techniques
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture (Proceedings of a conference held in Mierlo, the Netherlands in July 1992), ISBN 0-7923-2444-7
summary	Recent demographic changes have increased the heterogeneity of user groups in the North American housing market. Smaller households (e.g. elderly, single parent) have non-traditional spatial requirements that cannot be accommodated within the conventional house layout. This has created renewed interest in Demountable/Flexible internal partition systems. However, the process by which designers decide which project or user groups are most suited for the use of these systems is quite often complex, non-linear, uncertain and dynamic, since the decisions involve natural processes and human values that are apparently random. The anonymity of users when mass housing projects are conceptualized, and the uncertainty as to the alternative to be selected by the user, given his/her constantly changing needs, are some contributing factors to this effect. Decision Theory techniques, not commonly used by architects, can facilitate the decision-making process through a systematic evaluation of alternatives by means of quantitative methods in order to reduce uncertainty in probabilistic events or in cases when data is insufficient. The author used Decision Theory in the selection of flexible partition systems. The study involved a multi-unit, privately initiated housing project in Montreal, Canada, where real site conditions and costs were used. In this paper, the author outlines the fundamentals of Decision Theory and demonstrates the use of Expected Monetary Value and Weighted Objective Analysis methods and their outcomes in the design of a Montreal housing project. The study showed that Decision Theory can be used as an effective tool in housing design once the designer knows how to collect basic data.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	54cc
authors	Kalawsky, R.
year	1993
title	The Science of Virtual Reality and Virtual Environments
source	Addison-Wesley, Cambridge, UK
summary	This book goals hits basic idea: giving a review on Virtual Reality and on the theory at its basis. Starting from history, going trought science as medicine, arriving at technical stuff this is in syntesis this book. For everyone interested in "How it work?". Only one problem : sometimes is too difficoult to understand at no graduate persons dues to hi level techincal explanations in particoular in display chapter
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	6499
authors	Lintl, C., Economides, D., Hesse, M., Langenbahn, V., Roth, S. and Brack, C.
year	1993
title	CAD Education at Munich
source	[eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Eindhoven (The Netherlands) 11-13 November 1993
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1993.x.t7f
summary	We are stressing the idea that a combination of learning CAD and developing a design- work will hardly lead to success. It is first important to learn the principle handling of CAD - only then a reasonable application can work out. Our pupils have the chance of comparing, Iearning and working on several different CAD-systems with different philosophies and purposes, so the interested students have the opportunity to choose a tool that fits their working-habits and their designing-methods. Out of an overall number of 200 students of architecture each semester about 150 are willing to participate in the CAD- curriculum. 100 will be left after the low-level introductions and exercises, done with the standard: AutoCAD - these students than have a basic idea of construction with computers. Those students who are going into details are deepening there skills to an extent where any experiment is feasible. It is hard work to get to this perfection.
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	af46
authors	Lue, Q.
year	1993
title	Computer aided descriptive geometry
source	Vienna University of Technology
summary	The main aim of this thesis is the creation of a software package for descriptive geometry. Why there is a need for such a descriptive geometry software? In descriptive geometry the ability of space perception is trained by solving spatial problems graphically with the use of a few constructions: Hence the solution of each problem consists of two parts: 1) 3D-part: After analyzing the spatial problem it is cleared how to proceed step by step in space. 2) 2D-part: Due to the basic rules of descriptive geometry for each step of the solving strategy the corresponding 2D-construction has to be carried out graphically. By use of CAD-DG the 2nd part can be replaced again by a 3D-part: Each step is solved using the basic routines offered in the menu. That means that each step is solved analytically but instead of any output of numbers the solution is immediately displayed in the main views on the screen. Therefore the user neither needs to apply formulas of analytic geometry nor has to take care of any coordinates. He still works directly with geometric objects in a graphic representation
keywords	Descriptive Geometry; Computer Graphics; Education; Interactive Graphic Software Package; Programming Technique; Educational Software
series	thesis:PhD
more	http://www.arcs.ac.at/dissdb/rn020701
last changed	2003/02/12 22:37

_id	8bad
authors	Matalasov, Michael
year	1993
title	Technical Conception of Videosystems Laboratory at Moscow Institute of Architecture
source	Endoscopy as a Tool in Architecture [Proceedings of the 1st European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 951-722-069-3] Tampere (Finland), 25-28 August 1993, pp. 47-50
summary	The basic point of our conception is not to submit the architect to technical means, but give him freedom of choice and the opportunity to work in the environment closest to the real one. In our situation it means, that we should provide work in real videoinformative space. Thus, our conception of education is to give all the junior students compulsory general information about videosimulation, and to ensure optional more professional work of undergraduates while carrying out their school projects. We consider, that in the architect’s activity simulation (making small-scale models) plays an essential part, because the small-scale model is the first and the only source of true three-dimensional information about the object designed. At the same time videosimulation does not deny or substitute computer-aided design. To get reliable visual information from the model is possible with the help of special technical means equipped with periscopic devices. In Moscow Institute of Architecture this work has been carried out for 10 years.
keywords	Architectural Endoscopy
series	EAEA
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea/
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

_id	96a9
authors	Mullet, Kevin and Sano, Darrell
year	1993
title	Applying Visual Design: Trade Secrets for Elegant Interfaces Tutorials
source	Proceedings of ACM INTERCHI'93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems -- Adjunct Proceedings 1993 p. 230
summary	Objective: This tutorial is designed to increase the participant's awareness of visual and aesthetic issues and provide practical techniques (not guidelines) for achieving elegant user interfaces, information displays, and data visualisations. The emphasis is on avoiding a number of mistakes seen repeatedly in commercial products. Content: This tutorial will focus on the core competencies or "tricks of the trade" that all visual designers internalise as part of their basic training. The tutorial is organised not along the traditional graphic design specialisations, such as typography or colour, but according to the design goals and familiar problems of real-world product development. Specific content areas will include elegance and simplicity; scale, contrast and proportion; organisation and visual structure; module and programme; image and representation; and style. The communication-oriented design aesthetic seen in graphic design, industrial design, and architecture can be applied very successfully to graphical user interfaces, data displays, and multimedia. Design rules provided will be illustrated with extensive visual examples drawn from the international design communities as well as from the HCI domain.
series	other
last changed	2002/07/07 16:01

_id	2b3d
authors	Oltman, P.K. and Bejar, I.L. and Kim, S.H.
year	1993
title	An Approach to Automated Scoring of Architectural Designs
source	CAAD Futures ‘93 [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-444-89922-7] (Pittsburgh / USA), 1993, pp. 215-224
summary	An automated approach to scoring architectural designs of building sites was devised. Design drawings were represented in the computer as a database consisting of a series of objects and their locations and relationships to other objects. Designs were automatically scored by: (a) determining whether or not certain basic requirements were met (such as parking, handicapped access, and building within site boundaries) and (b) determining the extent to which the drawings met criteria of efficient site design. The drawings had been scored earlier by a panel of expert registered architects. The automated technique was able to reproduce the human jurors' ratings for many drawings. In particular, drawings that the automated technique failed were quite likely to have been failed by human jurors as well.
keywords	Design Evaluation, Site Design
series	CAAD Futures
last changed	1999/04/07 12:03

_id	eba1
authors	Palmqvist, Henri
year	1993
title	The Environmental Simulator and Applications of the Episode Theory in Teaching Architecture
source	Endoscopy as a Tool in Architecture [Proceedings of the 1st European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 951-722-069-3] Tampere (Finland), 25-28 August 1993, pp. 67-74
summary	Every architectural design consists of spaces and series of successive spaces. The way in which spaces are arranged to form a series can only be experienced by passing through them. This means that movement plays a very important role in the experience of our spatial environment. At the same time, this presents a major challenge to architects, and especially to students in architecture, who need to take into consideration how their designs are experienced in movement. Therefore, at the Department of Architecture in Tampere one of our aims in Architectural Design is to teach our students to see the spaces, masses, houses and housing areas they design from the point of view of movement. This training has mainly been provided in the context of a Basic Course and Professional Course I in Architectural Design and the related course on Time and Motion in Architecture. Projects related to the theory of time and motion are started with students in their first and second year. A major role in all this teaching has been played by our environmental simulator, with which we have been able to evaluate our work by using models on different scales (1/200, 1/100, 1/500). We have applied three main perspectives in our courses: analysis of space, series of spaces, and series of spaces in motion.
keywords	Architectural Endoscopy
series	EAEA
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea/
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

_id	cfd2
authors	Penttilä, Hannu
year	1993
title	Visualizing with Digital Tools - Endoscopy Versus Computer Modeling
source	Endoscopy as a Tool in Architecture [Proceedings of the 1st European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 951-722-069-3] Tampere (Finland), 25-28 August 1993, pp. 161-166
summary	This approach sees traditional video endoscopy and computer-based modeling techniques as two methods whose combination gives advantages for both. Endoscopy and computer based tools are not alternative nor rival techniques. New digital visualization possibilities are available within the context of CAD- systems. High-end and more expensive visualization has gained influence from commercial advertizing and also from entertainment industry. Traditional endoscope video has longer historical background and it’s roots are in model photography, model-based simulations and video techniques. The main focus of this paper is to describe Tampere architectural department’s computer based visualization facilities briefly with two cases studies. Our status and resources in traditional simulation have been rather good since mid 70’s, and now when also the basic digital facilities (word processing & CAD) exist, it will be our next challenge to deepen and develop the variety of available simulation methods, equipment – and naturally knowledge in combining them.
keywords	Architectural Endoscopy
series	EAEA
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea/
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

_id	22bc
authors	Randle, Jay
year	1993
title	Light and Form: A Case Study
source	Education and Practice: The Critical Interface [ACADIA Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-02-0] Texas (Texas / USA) 1993, pp. 21-38
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1993.021
summary	The first great consideration in design is that the human world is irreducibly phenomenal; we are immersed in the overwhelming richness and sensuousness of the physical environment. And the first great task of design education is to put the student of design into a disciplined awareness of that phenomenal world, by development of categories of discrimination. The introductory experiences bring the student into vivid contact with compelling phenomena. The associated exercises structure and differentiate perception of nuance within these. There is little doubt that texture, surface, extension, value, and color are in one sense basic categories of physical phenomena, constituting in essence a fundamental stratum of experience and the sensible world. Modern psychology and epistemology, however, cohere in saying that this stratum is not the sense world of everyday, the primary datum of the functioning societal member. Neither is the abstract world of the physicist's concepts an everyday world. What is given in our day-to-day life is neither very abstract, nor very concrete, but a sort of functionally-bound middle world of norms and stereotypes. It takes the disciplined seeing characteristic of foundational training in the arts to drive this bourgeois view of physical reality back to elemental sense data. Just as it requires the supremely abstract language of mathematics and the rarified "experience" of modern scientific experimentation to drive that same view offcenter in the direction of abstraction. The first exercises of a program of design education begin to perform the former role.
series	ACADIA
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	0de6
authors	Robertson, G.G., Card, S.K. and Mackinlay, J.D.
year	1993
title	Information visualization using 3D interactive animation
source	Communications of the ACM 36(4): 57-7 1
summary	UI innovations are often driven by a combination of technology advances and application demands. On the technology side, advances in interactive computer graphics hardware, coupled with low-cost mass storage, have created new possibilities for information retrieval systems in which UIs could play a more central role. On the application side, increasing masses of information confronting a business or an individual have created a demand for information management applications. In the 1980s, text-editing forced the shaping of the desktop metaphor and the now standard GUI paradigm. In the 1990s, it is likely that information access will be a primary force in shaping the successor to the desktop metapho. This article presents an experimental system, the Information Visualizer (see figure 1), which explores a UI paradigm that goes beyond the desktop metaphor to exploit the emerging generation of graphical personal computers and to support the emerging application demand to retrieve, store, manipulate, and understand large amounts of infromation. The basic problem is how to utilize advancing graphics technology to lower the cost of finding information and accessing it once found (the information's "cost structure"). We take four broad strategies: making the user's immediate workspace larger, enabling user interaction with multiple agents, increasing the real-time interaction rate between user and system, and using visual abstraction to shift information to the perceptual system to speed information assimilation and retrieval.
series	journal paper
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	87d2
authors	Serrano, J.G., Coll, J., Melero, J.C. and Burry, Mark
year	1993
title	The Need to Step Beyond Conventional Architectural Software
source	[eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Eindhoven (The Netherlands) 11-13 November 1993
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1993.x.v0u
summary	The Sagrada Familia Church has appointed two groups of consultants to assist the translation of Gaudi's 1:10 scaled models of the nave into coherent information from which to build. One team has been undertaking the static analysis of the nave roof vault structure and the other the study of the complexities of Gaudi's composition in order to provide full-scale production templates and models for the walls. Both teams had begun using the same basic CAD package and both have had to move onto high-end and very expensive solid-modelling software normally used by mechanical engineers and vehicle designers. Both groups are collaborating together with different accents despite an improbable geographical separation. The original problem, one of intersecting ruled-surfaces accurately to reflect the geometries of the surviving fragments of the original models, has led to surprising possibilities which were not anticipated at the outset. Currently the potential of parametric variation and associative geometries are being investigated as a mirror for some of the intuitive design process and finite element analysis is being considered as a means of interactively analysing the structural implications for each study. The software being used also has a powerful ray-tracing module; rather than being simply a tool to produce eye-catching 'realistic' renderings it has proved to be invaluable in allowing the computer user to understand the spatial complexities of the components being studied. This paper discusses the merits of an architecture so demanding (despite having been designed at the beginning of this century) that it requires the most costly equipment in today's market and it will consider the proposition that in ordinary circumstances, an architecture too complex to be described using basic CAD tools is an architecture beyond our reach. The interdisciplinary nature of the diverse and powerful modules within the software referred to will be used to contest this proposition using the presence of both teams in schools of architecture as evidence.
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	0f50
authors	Skauge, Jørn
year	1993
title	An Electronic Tool for Urban Design Analysis
source	Education and Practice: The Critical Interface [ACADIA Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-02-0] Texas (Texas / USA) 1993, pp. 77-85
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1993.077
summary	Architects and urban designers are increasingly using computers in their attempt to improve decision making in urban design. Most existing systems emphasize hard data such as statistics, land use data, etc. In recent years with the use of more powerful computers we have seen a greater emphasis on managing visual data. Computer systems are being used to generate urban models and simulations of the various kinds of impact new developments have on the existing cityscape. This project emphasizes the use of visual data. The purpose of the research has been to develop a computer system for urban designers to use in analyzing urban architectural qualities. Therefore this project focuses on applying traditional methods and theories of urban designers rather than developing new computer techniques. The traditional methods and theories of urban designers fall within the category which the French theorist Francoise Choay calls Pre-urbanism and Urbanism - the Cultural Model. Theorists within this category include Camillo Sitte, Gordon Cullen, Kevin Lynch, Leon Krier, Aldo Rossi, Michael Trieb, Roger Tranzick and Thiis-Evensen. This computer system has been developed as a prototype in order to gain experience and knowledge for future development of a large system. Later development will be based upon a vectorized threedimensional model of a whole city using texture mapping and tracing techniques to annotate important architectural features. The computer system consists of the basic analysis module supplied with a simulation unit and a theory unit. With this analytical tool, analysis is conducted on three different urban scales. The prototype has been developed on the Macintosh computer with SuperCard as the authoring tool. The computer system was developed as a prototype for Danish Urban Designers and is currently being tested in conjunction with the city of Viborg, Denmark. ( population 55,000). Located in Jutland, Viborg was the capital of Denmark around the year 1000. It now functions as a center for regional government. Viborg was selected as the test site because of its historical core.
series	ACADIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	1f01
authors	Stasiowski, Frank A.
year	1993
title	Cash Management for The Design Firm
source	John Wiley & Sons
summary	Basic, how-to book designed to enhance a company's vitality in the context of current economic conditions. Enables readers to analyze their own firms through checklists and exercises, determine where they are currently and clarify their future direction. Suggests overall planning and monitoring systems. Recommends financial controls for ensuring properly directed cash flow. Includes standardized contract format. Contains numerous samples of reports and financial documents. Examines the financial manager's role.
series	other
last changed	2003/02/26 18:58

_id	2c7b
authors	Stenvert, Ronald
year	1993
title	The Vector-drawing as a Means to Unravel Architectural Communication in the Past
source	[eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Eindhoven (The Netherlands) 11-13 November 1993
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1993.x.q9a
summary	Unlike in painting, in architecture one single person never controls the whole process between conception and realization of a building. Ideas of what the building will eventually look like, have to be conveyed from patron to the actual builders, by way of drawings. Generally the architect is the key-figure in this process of communication of visual ideas. Nowadays many architects design their new buildings by using computers and Computer-Aided (Architectural) Design programs like AutoCad and VersaCAD. Just like traditional drawings, all these computer drawings are in fact vector-drawings; a collection of geometrical primitives like lines, circle segments etc. identified by the coordinates of their end points. Vector-based computer programs can not only be used to design the future, but also as a means to unravel the architectural communication in the past. However, using the computer as an analyzing tool for a better comprehension of the past is not as simple as it seems. Historical data from the past are governed by unique features of date and place. The complexity of the past combined with the straightforwardness of the computer requires a pragmatic and basic approach in which the computer acts as a catalytic agent, enabling the scholar to arrive manually at his own - computer-assisted - conclusions. From this it turns out that only a limited number of projects of a morphological kind are suited to contribute to new knowledge, acquired by the close-reading of the information gained by way of meaningful abstraction. An important problem in this respect is how to obtain the right kind of architectural information. All four major elements of the building process - architect, design, drawing and realization - have their own different and gradually shifting interpretations in the past. This goes especially for the run-of-the-mill architecture which makes up the larger part of the historical urban environment. Starting with the architect, one has to realize that only a very limited part of mainstream architecture was designed by architects. In almost all other cases the role of the patron and the actual builder exceeds that of the architect, even to the extent that they designed buildings themselves. The position of design and drawing as means of communication also changed in the past. Until the middle of the nineteenth century drawings were not the chief means of communication between architects and builders, who got the gist of the design from a model, or, encountering problems, simply asked the architect or supervisor. From the nineteenth century onwards the use of drawings became more common, but almost never represented the building entirely "as built". In 1991 I published my Ph.D. thesis: Constructing the past: computerassisted architectural-historical research: the application of image-processing using the computer and Computer-Aided Design for the study of the urban environment, illustrated by the use of treatises in seventeenth-century architecture (Utrecht 1991). Here, a reconstruction of this historical communication process will be presented on the basis of a project studying the use of the Classical orders as prescribed in various architectural treatises, compared to the use of the orders in a specific group of still existing buildings in The Netherlands dating from the late sixteenth and entire seventeenth century. Comparisons were made by using vector-drawings. Both the illustrations in the the treatises and actual buildings were "translated" into computer-drawings and then analyzed.
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	8690
authors	Will, B.F., Bradford, J.W. and Ng, F.F.
year	1993
title	Architectural Education Objectives and the Use of Multimedia
source	[eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Eindhoven (The Netherlands) 11-13 November 1993
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1993.x.g1p
summary	The almost universal curriculum format for schools of architecture involves conventional lecturing techniques in the areas of history. structures, construction. building materials, urban planning, contextual studies and of late CAAD. Conventional academic wisdom dictates that the information and techniques gained from these lectures be applied through the design studio where this acquired data is synthesized with design concepts to produce an end product. Conventional lecture styles have usually imparted information through the spoken word emphasized and accompanied by written support through the use of hand-outs, black/white boards, overhead projection and the ubiquitous slides! More adventurous exponents have endeavored to incorporate videos, films and projection of computer generated screens to supplement the basic information transfer. The transmission retention/comprehension rates of concepts, ideas and basic data have depended greatly on the charisma of the individual lecturer, his command of the subject and the students' enthusiasm to partake of the process of information transference. The inherent problems of lectures being a one way action with little, if any, participatory involvement of the students have caused concerned lecturers to resort to seminars, tutorial, tests, exercises and other forced participation modes to involve students in their own education.
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	c38c
authors	Wrona, S., Kowal, S. and Rzadkiewicz, R.
year	1993
title	The Basic Principles of CAAD Education: Warsaw School of Architecture Case
source	[eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Eindhoven (The Netherlands) 11-13 November 1993
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1993.x.e2u
summary	Department of Architecture at Warsaw University of Technology is 78 years old. Its long tradition was built mainly around functionalists movements in architecture and till now has meaningful influence on approaches and methods in design teaching. Till now, the basic method of design teaching is individual work in small master's design classes in which students are designing by hand drawing, drafting and building models, which are in the same time creative methods ("designing by drawing or modelling") and communication media (mainly to communicate with the master or its assistant). Students are learning from the knowledge and design experience of a master, often following or imitating his workshop and aesthetic concepts. This traditional method was expensive but efficient in preparation of architects to their professional activities. Therefore, when we started with CAAD classes in mid 80-ties, the "design learning by computer modelling" was the basic issue.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

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