Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	275e
authors	Stenros, Anne
year	1993
title	Orientation, Identification, Representation - Space and Perception in Architecture
source	Endoscopy as a Tool in Architecture [Proceedings of the 1st European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 951-722-069-3] Tampere (Finland), 25-28 August 1993, pp. 75-88
summary	Perception is essential to being in the world — through perception we are in the world. Perception is our way to understand reality and to acquire knowledge of it and be in interaction with the environment. Experiencing architecture is based on perception: the spatial orientation, identification and representation which together make possible our environmental experience. Architecture is not only seeing, but also experiencing. Environmental endoscopy makes it possible to study the environmental orientation, the spatial elements of the environment, but the identification and the representation which are included essentially in the overall perception of the environment presuppose the actual experience of the environment. This presentation discusses all these three levels of the spatial experience. In architecture, space can be discussed in many different ways: we can talk about, for example, architectural space that includes inside and outside space; we can discuss urban space that includes the physical structure of the whole built environment or we can talk about what has been called existential space, that includes the relationship between man and his physical environment. In this presentation space is considered in its wide, experience based meaning: space as the environment of perception, the interaction between man and space, or as a kind of cognitive space theory. Most essential in this discussion is the experience of place, the feeling of place, and its origins, since place is the most unique experience of space, it is man’s deepest experience of the environment.
keywords	Architectural Endoscopy
series	EAEA
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea/
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

_id	0b24
authors	Chilton, J.C., Wester, T. and Yu, J.
year	1993
title	Exploring Structural Morphology Using CAD
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1993.x.d1k
source	[eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Eindhoven (The Netherlands) 11-13 November 1993
summary	Often in the design process the student's imagination is restricted by their inability to visualise, model or accurately sketch ideas for innovative structural systems. By using CAD as a design tool it is possible to explore the morphology of complex structures and to be able to produce perspective drawings of them with relative ease. Within AutoCAD there is a small library of standard three-dimensional objects and surfaces that can be called upon to generate more complex forms. However, to further facilitate the architectural design process, an extended library of innovative structural forms would allow the professional designer, or student, greater design freedom and any increase in the palette of structural forms available should stimulate creativity. As practical examples, the paper describes how students have been encouraged to experiment with the use of structures which can only be physically modelled with difficulty and which are also difficult to represent on the two- dimensional surface of the drawing board unless the geometry has previously been determined by the methods described. These are (i) Reciprocal Frame three-dimensional beam grillage structures and (ii) plate domes created from lattice structures by point-to- plane duality. The problem, of representation of these structures has been overcome, in the first case, by generating AutoLISP procedures to draw the complex three-dimensional geometrical form automatically in AutoCAD and, in the second case, by the development of the computer program CADual.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	e3d3
authors	Gudna , François and Zreik, Khaldoun
year	1993
title	Analogy, Exploration and Generalization: Three Activities for Knowledge-Based Architectural Design Systems
source	CAAD Futures ‘93 [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-444-89922-7] (Pittsburgh / USA), 1993, pp. 255-272
summary	We propose in this article a system architecture based on reasoning through analogy with past cases or situations. Starting with a project and a sketch provided by the user, the system locates analogous situations in the past and uses these to improve a problem's description. A sufficiently improved description will in turn activate a constraint-satisfaction mechanism. Previous situations are stored in a memory bank of objects that match the description of past problems to the generic descriptions of past solutions. Three mechanisms can be distinguished within the system: an analogy mechanism collects hypotheses about the variables and constraints to be satisfied in past situations, an exploratory mechanism searches through the solution space, a generalizing mechanism looks at experiences and memorizes only what is needed to collect hypotheses.
keywords	Knowledge-Based System, Case-Based Reasoning, Constraints Satisfaction, Explanation-Based Learning, Object-Oriented Representation
series	CAAD Futures
last changed	1999/04/07 12:03

_id	e00f
authors	Harfmann, A.C., Majkowski, B. and Chen, S.S.
year	1993
title	A Component-Based Approach to Building Product Representation and Design Development
source	CAAD Futures ‘93 [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-444-89922-7] (Pittsburgh / USA), 1993, pp. 437-452
summary	This paper presents the development of the component-based approach for building product representation and suggests its appropriateness for incorporation at any stage in the design process. The efforts focus on resolving the conflicts that arise when the common denominator of component level representation in utilized throughout the process of designing a building.
keywords	Component-Based Modeling, Component Modeling; Product Models; Building Models, Object-Oriented Modelling, Relational Databases
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2003/05/16 20:58

_id	63a9
authors	Hellgardt, Michael
year	1993
title	Architectural Theory and Design Grammars
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1993.x.i6u
source	[eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Eindhoven (The Netherlands) 11-13 November 1993
summary	The idea of artificial brains and artificial intelligence (AI) has been subject to criticism. The objection of J. Searle, for instance, which has been published in 1984 and which was partially directly addressed to one of the centres of AI, the Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, is mainly based on two points: (1) interactions between physiological and mental functions, and (2) the intentionality and context-relatedness of meaning. - With an emphasis on architectural design, this paper is about the second point, because the problem of meaning is a neuralgic point in the discussion of "artificial intelligence in design" (AID). Technical parameters are incompatible with mechanisms of meaning in any field of artistic, cultural or non-technical expression. This point, that is the relation between acts of meaning and acts of technical problem-solving and, connectedly, the relation between technological and architectural design, has been widely ignored in the discussion on AID. The development seems to be dominated by the tacit assumption that architecture can be articulated and generated purely in technical and formal terms of information processing beyond the field of architecture itself. Design and shape grammars have become a well established field in the discussion of AID, also with respect to architecture. But questions of architectural history and theory are touched on only incidentally and not sufficiently in this discussion. The problem is not, in other words, simply to include more or less unrelated cases of architecture, or architectural concepts -even if these are famous ones, such as Laugier's original hut for instance but to establish structural relations between arguments of architectural theory and arguments of AID.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	37b2
authors	Johansson, P.
year	2000
title	Case-Based Structural Design - using weakly structured product and process information
source	Chalmers University of Technology, Division of Steel and Timber Structures, Publ. S 00:7, Göteborg
summary	Empirical knowledge plays a significant role in the human reasoning process. Previous experiences help in understanding new situations and in finding solutions to new problems. Experience is used when performing different tasks, both those of routine character and those that require specific skill. This is also the case for structural designers. Over 50% of the work done by the designer on a day-to-day basis is routine design that consists of modifying past designs (Moore 1993). That is, most of the design problems that the designer solves have been solved before, in many cases over and over again. In recent years, researchers have started to study if cases (information about specific problem-solving experiences) could be used as a representation of experiential knowledge. Making use of past experience in the form of cases is commonly known as Case-Based Reasoning (CBR). A requirement for Case-Based Design (Case-Based Reasoning applied in design) to be successful is that the design information is computerized. One information type used in structural design that is starting to become computerized is the one in design calculation documents. Such information is weakly structured (which holds for much of the information representing experience) and it contains both product and process information. In this thesis it is shown how the weak structure of this information can be used to subdivide it into components, which in turn makes it possible to apply the object-oriented abstraction principles also to this kind of information. It is also shown how the detailed design process can be represented and how this representation can facilitate automatic acquisition, retrieval of relevant old design information, and adaptation of this information. Two prototypes BridgeBase and ARCADE have been developed, where the principles described above are applied. Using ARCADE, the more general of these two prototypes, it is presented how information in computerized design calculation documents, gathered from real projects, can serve as containers and carriers for both project information and experience. The experience from the two prototypes shows that Case-Based Design can be usable as a tool for structural engineers.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	acadia18_20
id	acadia18_20
authors	Leach, Neil
year	2018
title	We Have Never Been Digital
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2018.020
source	ACADIA // 2018: Recalibration. On imprecisionand infidelity. [Proceedings of the 38th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-17729-7] Mexico City, Mexico 18-20 October, 2018, pp. 20-29
summary	The recent debate about the nature of the “postdigital” prompts the question as to whether we have ever been digital. This article looks at Bruno Latour’s book We Have Never Been Modern (1993) and questions whether its logic could not also be transferred to the realm of the digital. The issue is not so much that much of what is called “digital” in fact refers to analog processes that are simply controlled by the digital. Nor is it simply that we are often not aware of what has been “digitally” produced. Rather, the issue is that many of our operations within the digital realm are still controlled by the designer and do not operate within an autonomous realm. The notion of a purely objective digital operation without any subjective intervention on the part of the designer is something of a myth. The paper concludes that we have never been digital, just as we have never been modern. As such, we might argue that the term “postdigital” makes little sense, in that we have never been digital in the first place.
keywords	full paper, hybrid practices, history/theory of computation, design history and theory
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	c9cf
authors	Logan, B. and Smithers, T.
year	1993
title	Creativity and design as exploration
source	J.S. Gero and M. L. Maher (eds), Modelling Creativity and Knowledge-Based Creative Design, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp. 139-175
summary	This paper considers the problem of creative design, and in particular the role of a priori knowledge or "prototypes" in the design process. A design problem is characterised as one in which both the objectives and the means available for achieving these objectives are (of necessity) initially only poorly defined. Some observations concerning the nature of design process based on this characterisation are presented, and a model of the design process as a knowledge-based exploration task described. The role of prototypes in organising this knowledge is examined, and the widely accepted view that prototypes can form the principle source of knowledge for creativity in design is challenged. In a final section we outline the structural principles of a representation scheme which aims to overcome of these difficulties and describe a design support system which uses this scheme to support the design process.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	a944
authors	Maher, M.L., Gero, J.S. and Saad, M.
year	1993
title	Synchronous Support and Emergence in Collaborative CAAD
source	CAAD Futures ‘93 [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-444-89922-7] (Pittsburgh / USA), 1993, pp. 455-470
summary	Design is rarely an activity that is commenced and completed by an individual The more common design environment is one in which teams of designers work together towards a final solution. In this paper we consider issues involved in the development of computer-based design environments in which teams of design professionals can collaborate, focusing on the need for visual and underlying representations which can support multiple interpretations. We consider the environment as providing a shared workspace which facilitates both communication and progression of design ideas, concepts, and drawings. In the environment presented here, the shared workspace has two foci: the workspace that designers see and interact with, and the workspace that provides an underlying computer-based representation for persistent memory. The emphasis is on providing representations that support emergence that occurs during collaboration.
keywords	Collaborative Design, Team Design, Multi-User Synchronous CAAD, Shared Representation, Shared Workspace, Emergence
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2003/05/16 20:58

_id	69b3
authors	Markelin, Antero
year	1993
title	Efficiency of Model Endoscopic Simulation - An Experimental Research at the University of Stuttgart
source	Endoscopy as a Tool in Architecture [Proceedings of the 1st European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 951-722-069-3] Tampere (Finland), 25-28 August 1993, pp. 31-34
summary	At the Institute of Urban Planning at the University of Stuttgart early experiments were made with the help of endoscopes in the late 1970’s. The intention was to find new instruments to visualize urban design projects. The first experiment included the use of a 16 mm film of a 1:170 scale model of the market place at Karlsruhe, including design alternatives (with trees, without trees etc). The film was shown to the Karlsruhe authorities, who had to make the decision about the alternatives. It was said, that the film gave a great help for the decision-making and a design proposition had never before been presented in such understandable way. In 1975-77, with the support of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) an investigation was carried out into existing endoscopic simulation facilities, such as those in Wageningen, Lund and Berkeley. The resulting publication was mainly concerned with technical installations and their applications. However a key question remained: ”Can reality be simulated with endoscopy?” In 1979-82, in order to answer that question, at the Institute was carried out the most extensive research of the time, into the validity of endoscopic simulation. Of special importance was the inclusion of social scientists and psychologists from the University of Heidelberg and Mannheim. A report was produced in 1983. The research was concerned with the theory of model simulation, its ways of use and its users, and then the establishment of requirements for effective model simulation. For the main research work with models or simulation films, psychological tests were developed which enabled a tested person to give accurate responses or evidence without getting involved in alien technical terminology. It was also thought that the use of semantic differentials would make the work imprecise or arbitrary.
keywords	Architectural Endoscopy
series	EAEA
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea/
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

_id	8402
authors	Martens, Bob (Ed.)
year	1995
title	The Future of Endoscopy
source	[Proceedings of the 2nd European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 3-85437-114-4] Vienna (Austria), 30 August - 1 September 1995, 144p.
summary	The first EAEA-Conference took place at Tampere University of Technology (Finland, 1993) serving as an meeting point for specialists of endoscopy in architecture and displayed an approach to the potentials of endoscopy. The Vienna Conference in 1995 continued this direction and tried furthermore to serve as a platform for non-advanced users. EAEA '95 Vienna aimed at a critical investigation of today's endoscopic culture. The Aspern-Workshop represented the highlight of this conference. Prior to the conference nine universities had submitted endoscopic and computer-assisted space simulations for this urban expansion area north of the Vienna Danube. The outcome was not to be regarded as a “noble competition” between the various institutions participating, but rather to sound out the actual potential of various simulation techniques and their combinations for future use. The conference proceedings contain the papers presented at the meeting by 23 experts from 15 universities. The papers cover such areas as the technical features of endoscopy and environmental simulation, theories supporting the use of endoscopy, practical applications, and discussions on the future of endoscopy and environmental simulation in comparison with other means of architectural representation.
keywords	Architectural Endoscopy
series	EAEA
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea/
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

_id	96a9
authors	Mullet, Kevin and Sano, Darrell
year	1993
title	Applying Visual Design: Trade Secrets for Elegant Interfaces Tutorials
source	Proceedings of ACM INTERCHI'93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems -- Adjunct Proceedings 1993 p. 230
summary	Objective: This tutorial is designed to increase the participant's awareness of visual and aesthetic issues and provide practical techniques (not guidelines) for achieving elegant user interfaces, information displays, and data visualisations. The emphasis is on avoiding a number of mistakes seen repeatedly in commercial products. Content: This tutorial will focus on the core competencies or "tricks of the trade" that all visual designers internalise as part of their basic training. The tutorial is organised not along the traditional graphic design specialisations, such as typography or colour, but according to the design goals and familiar problems of real-world product development. Specific content areas will include elegance and simplicity; scale, contrast and proportion; organisation and visual structure; module and programme; image and representation; and style. The communication-oriented design aesthetic seen in graphic design, industrial design, and architecture can be applied very successfully to graphical user interfaces, data displays, and multimedia. Design rules provided will be illustrated with extensive visual examples drawn from the international design communities as well as from the HCI domain.
series	other
last changed	2002/07/07 16:01

_id	98bd
authors	Pea, R.
year	1993
title	Practices of Distributed Intelligence and Designs for Education
source	Distributed Cognitions, edited by G. Salomon. New York, NY: CambridgeUniversity Press
summary	v Knowledge is commonly socially constructed, through collaborative efforts... v Intelligence may also be distributed for use in designed artifacts as diverse as physical tools, representations such as diagrams, and computer-user interfaces to complex tasks. v Leont'ev 1978 for activity theory that argues forcibly for the centrality of people-in-action, activity systems, as units of analysis for deepening our understanding of thinking. v Intelligence is distributed: the resources that shape and enable activity are distributed across people, environments, and situations. v Intelligence is accomplished rather than possessed. v Affordance refers to the perceived and actual properties of a thing, primarily those functional properties that determine how the thing could possibly be used. v Norman 1988 on design and psychology - the psychology of everyday things" v We deploy effort-saving strategies in recognition of their cognitive economy and diminished opportunity for error. v The affordances of artifacts may be more or less difficult to convey to novice users of these artifacts in the activities to which they contribute distributed intelligence. v Starts with Norman's seven stages of action Ø Forming a goal; an intention § Task desire - clear goal and intention - an action and a means § Mapping desire - unable to map goal back to action § Circumstantial desire - no specific goal or intention - opportunistic approach to potential new goal § Habitual desire - familiar course of action - rapidly cycle all seven stages of action v Differentiates inscriptional systems from representational or symbol systems because inscriptional systems are completely external, while representational or symbol systems have been used in cognitive science as mental constructs. v The situated properties of everyday cognition are highly inventive in exploiting features of the physical and social situation as resources for performing a task, thereby avoiding the need for mental symbol manipulations unless they are required by that task. v Explicit recognition of the intelligence represented and representable in design, specifically in designed artifacts that play important roles in human activities. v Once intelligence is designed into the affordances properties of artifacts, it both guides and constrains the likely contributions of that artifact to distributed intelligence in activity. v Culturally valued designs for distributed intelligence will change over time, especially as new technology becomes associated with a task domain. v If we treat distributed intelligence in action as the scientific unit of analysis for research and theory on learning and reasoning... Ø What is distributed? Ø What constraints govern the dynamics of such distributions in different time scales? Ø Through what reconfigurations of distributed intelligence might the performance of an activity system improve over time? v Intelligence is manifest in activity and distributed in nature. v Intelligent activities ...in the real world... are often collaborative, depend on resources beyond an individual's long-term memory, and require the use of information-handling tools... v Wartofsky 1979 - the artifact is to cultural evolution what the gene is to biological evolution - the vehicle of information across generations. v Systems of activity - involving persons, environment, tools - become the locus of developmental investigation. v Disagrees with Salomon et al.'s entity-oriented approach - a language of containers holding things. v Human cognition aspires to efficiency in distributing intelligence - across individuals, environment, external symbolic representations, tools, and artifacts - as a means of coping with the complexity of activities we often cal "mental." "
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	a977
authors	Rivera , Antonieta and Wojtowicz, Jerzy
year	1997
title	Aspects of Tenochtitlan: Nature of CD-ROM Production in the Construction of Content
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1997.319
source	Design and Representation [ACADIA ‘97 Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-06-3] Cincinatti, Ohio (USA) 3-5 October 1997, pp. 319-327
summary	At the beginning of the sixteenth century, the Aztec capital, Tenochtitlan, was one of the world's largest cities. By 1521, the Spaniards under Hernan Cortes had destroyed both the Empire and the city. Tenochtitlan was razed to its foundations and Mexico City was built on top of it (Matos, 1993). This paper discusses the process for developing digital interpretations of the Teocalli or Ceremonial Precinct of Tenochtitlan based on historical, iconographical, and archaeological materials. To this end, digital models were constructed by taking into consideration Aztec archaeoastronomical principles and measuring systems. The result is an interactive view of the Ceremonial Precinct, perhaps the most comprehensive since Tenochtitlan was destroyed more than 500 years ago. This project has been recently published on CD-ROM.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	f4df
id	f4df
authors	Rosenman, M. A., Gero, J. S. and Hwang, Y-S.
year	1993
title	Representation of multiple concepts of a design object based on multiple functions
source	K. Mathur, M. Betts and K. W. Tham (eds), Management of Information Technology for Construction, World Scientific, Singapore, pp. 239-254
summary	Current representatuin schemas for design objects in CAD environments make assumptions regarding particular representations of the design object. In the AEC environemnt, many disciplines are involved, each with its own concept of the design object. Each such concept must be respected and accomodated in any representation. This paper presents the ideas behind the representation of multiple concepts from an underlying description of a design such that the inter and intra-discipline views of that design can be formed dynamically.
keywords	information technology, concewptual modeling, multiple abstraction representation, building design, function
series	other
type	normal paper
email
more	http://www.arch.usyd.edu.au/~john/
last changed	2006/05/27 18:35

_id	e80e
authors	Van der Does, Jan
year	1993
title	Visualising by Means of Endoscope, Computer and Hand-Drawn Techniques
source	Endoscopy as a Tool in Architecture [Proceedings of the 1st European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 951-722-069-3] Tampere (Finland), 25-28 August 1993, pp. 167-180
summary	Traditionally, communication during the various stages of the building process takes place via drawings of floor plans, elevations, perspectives and scale models. Computerized drawing techniques have recently come into use. Ways of presenting designs have increasingly become of far-reaching importance in current architecture. Nowadays architectural firms employ specialists who are familiar with the latest developments in the field of presentation techniques, or they farm this highly significant part of their job out to gifted designers. Some of the new techniques being developed endeavor to provide a more realistic presentation of designs of housing estates. Apart from new drawing techniques, mention should also be made of the endoscope, an instrument which can simulate an eye-level tour around a scale model while recording it on videotape. Realistic representations differ quite a lot from the conventional architectural presentation techniques applied, which require a larger amount of imagination on the part of the onlookers. The afore mentioned architectural notation systems, on the one hand, can only be understood by experts, in spite of added explanatory signs and symbols. The often used models and artist’s impressions, on the other hand, frequently create a somewhat distorted view, due to lack of concern for spatial proportions. As a consequence, the design presented and the actual architectural realisation may turn out to differ widely. To bridge the widening gap between the experts and the users, clients and government officials, research concerning architectural representation is needed. In 1990 a Dutch scientific journal, issued by The Delft University, published an illustrated report of research findings under the title Overdracht en Simulatie (Information and Simulation). The article gives a description of a pilot study carried out by a research team (Van Der Does, Van Haaften, Kegel and Vrins) to assess and evaluate various presentation techniques used in architecture. This study was just a first step towards a more detailed follow-up study, to which I shall come back after having given a summarized view of the pilot study.
keywords	Architectural Endoscopy
series	EAEA
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea/
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

_id	8fd8
authors	Watt, Alan
year	1993
title	3D Computer graphics
source	Addison-Wesley, pp, 1-13
summary	The third edition of Alan Watt's 3D Computer Graphics, a bible of computer graphics, includes a CD-ROM full of examples and updated information on graphics and rendering algorithms. The book discusses many of the techniques that have evolved in the seven years since the previous edition was published. 3D Computer Graphics is a textbook, and it's designed for serious programmers creating graphics applications (not end users). Over the course of 16 sections, Watt introduces the concepts and implementation of computer imaging, from "Mathematical Fundamentals of Computer Graphics" to "Representation and Rendering" and ending with "Image-Based Rendering and Photo-Modeling." The last section, devoted to computer animation, includes methods for linked structures, collision detection, and particle animation (to name a few). Although the topics are sometimes hard to grasp, Mr. Watt writes clearly and concisely, making generous use of diagrams to help convey the principles described in the text. The accompanying CD-ROM includes over a dozen studies of computer graphics techniques and rendering algorithms. Presented in HTML, the exhaustive studies, each with a matrix of thumbnails, demonstrates the varied achievable results. One minor complaint here: although the thumbnails can be clicked to view a much larger image, the larger versions come in .tif format, which few (if any) Web browsers can view. Users will need another application to view them. Having the large image in .jpg format would have enabled the reader to view it in the already-open Web browser.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	60f3
authors	Wright, Robert M. and Hoinkes, Rodney M.
year	1993
title	Computational Issues in Urban Design: Developing a Strategy for Solar Impact Assessment
source	CAAD Futures ‘93 [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-444-89922-7] (Pittsburgh / USA), 1993, pp. 543-555
summary	A comprehensive method for identifying the impacts on solar access of large scale architectural projects still continues to be an important and controversial area in city planning and urban design. Previous research studies such as the Sun Wind and Pedestrian Comfort, a study of Toronto's Central Area, demonstrated approaches possible when dealing with solar issues related to urban design. Existing techniques for solar inventory, analysis and evaluation, while effective, are often dependent on single event analysis (shadow casting) or manual procedures that are time consuming and exceedingly complex especially when needed for day-to-day use by planners or architects involved in complex urban projects. The Centre for Landscape Research has undertaken as part of its research to develop a computational approach that would help city urban designers evaluate and represent the issues of solar access in an urban setting. This paper will outline a series of computational methods developed to utilize an existing municipal digital data base and to describe complex issues of solar access in terms of urban form and context. A technique will be described that quantitatively assesses the total solar potential of a site as compared to changes in solar access due to different urban design proposals. Two-, three- and four-dimensional representation techniques are developed to facilitate understanding of the analysis to users such as city officials, the public, developers, etc.
keywords	Solar Assessment, Urban Design, Open Space, Modeling Visualization
series	CAAD Futures
last changed	1999/04/07 12:03

_id	e9f1
authors	Alaimo, G., Pellitteri, G. and Scianna, A.
year	1993
title	A Tool for Typological Analysis
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1993.x.q0g
source	[eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Eindhoven (The Netherlands) 11-13 November 1993
summary	Any design problem is faced drawing from the architect's knowledge both case knowledge and general knowledge. One type of the latter is abstracted from a multiplicity of cases of which the common features are recognised in such a way as to single out a prototype representing in the best way a class of architectural objects. If applied to a set of residential buildings and to the flats in them the analysis is typological and it is one of the fundamental ways of acquiring general knowledge to be used to face design problems. The tool we present is aimed at such a type of analysis and is based on the idea that it possible to acquire qualitative knowledge through the statistical analysis of measurable characteristics of the examined architectural objects. It has been tested by applying it to the typological analysis of a set of flats of illegal buildings in Sicily. The procedure is organised in two main phases. The first one consists in a series of elaborations performed during the reading of architectural organism; the second one consists in a series of statistical analyses on the results (characteristic variables) of the first.
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	855d
authors	Alavalkama, I., Aura, S. and Palmqvist H. (Eds.)
year	1993
title	Endoscopy as a Tool in Architecture
source	Proceedings of the 1st European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 951-722-069-3 / Tampere (Finland), 25-28 August 1993, 196 p.
summary	The European Architectural Endoscopy Association was established in connection with the Association’s first international conference on August 25-28, 1993, which was hosted by the Department of Architecture at the Tampere University of Technology. The purpose of the EAEA is to promote experimentation, research, communication, exchange of experiences, collaboration, user participation and teaching in the field of endoscopy and environmental simulation. The first EAEA conference was attended by 25 people from 15 different universities. Working under the general heading of “Endoscopy as a Tool in Architecture”, the conference had three specific themes for the first three days: Review of Existing Laboratories; Theories, Methods and Applications; and the Future of Endoscopy. In this volume we have compiled all the papers that were presented at the conference. The texts have been printed in the form we received them, without any attempt to edit them for consistency in style, adding hopefully to a sense of authenticity. Unfortunately, the impressive videos we saw at the conference on the possibilities of endoscopy and environmental simulation as a tool in architecture, cannot be documented here.
keywords	Architectural Endoscopy
series	EAEA
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea/
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

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