Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ddssar9611
id	ddssar9611
authors	de Gelder, Johan and Lucardie, Larry
year	1996
title	Criteria for the Selection of Conceptual Modelling Languages for Knowledge Based Systems
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Third Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings (Spa, Belgium), August 18-21, 1996
summary	In recent years knowledge is increasingly recognised as a critical production factor for organisations. Performance of activities such as designing, diagnosing, advising and decision making, depend on the availability and accessibility of knowledge. However, the increasing volume and complexity of knowledge endangers its availability and accessibility. By their knowledge processing competence, knowledge based systems containing a structured and explicit representation of knowledge, are expected to solve this problem. In the realisation of a knowledge based system, the phase in which a knowledge model is reconstructed through a conceptual language, is essential. Because the knowledge model has to be an adequate reflection of real-world knowledge, the conceptual language should not only offer sufficient expressiveness for unambiguous knowledge representation, but also provide facilities to validate knowledge on correctness, completeness and consistency. Furthermore, the language should supply facilities to be processed by a computer. This paper discusses fundamental criteria to select a conceptual language for modelling the knowledge of a knowledge based system. It substantiates the claim that the selection depends on the nature of the knowledge in the application domain. By analysing the nature of knowledge using the theory of functional object-types, a framework to compare, evaluate and select a conceptual language is presented. To illustrate the selection process, the paper describes the choice of a conceptual language of a knowledge based system for checking office buildings on fire-safety demands. In this application domain, the language formed by decision tables has been selected to develop the conceptual model. The paper provides an in-depth motivation why decision tables form the best language to model the knowledge in this case.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	a9ca
authors	Abadi Abbo, Isaac
year	1996
title	EFFECTIVENESS OF MODELS
source	Full-Scale Modeling in the Age of Virtual Reality [6th EFA-Conference Proceedings]
summary	Architects use many types of models to simulate space either in their design process or as final specifications for building them. These models have been proved useful or effective for specific purposes. This paper evaluates architectural models in terms of five effectiveness components: time of development, cost, complexity, variables simulated and ecological validity. This series of models, used regularly in architecture, are analysed to finally produce a matrix that shows the effectiveness of the different models for specific purposes in architectural design, research and education. Special emphasis is given to three specific models: 1/10 scale, full-scale and computer generated.
keywords	Model Simulation, Real Environments
series	other
type	normal paper
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/efa/
last changed	2016/02/17 13:47

_id	029b
authors	Bryson, Steve
year	1996
title	Virtual Reality in Scientific Visualization
source	Communications of the ACM. Vol.39, No.5. pp. 62-71
summary	Immersing the user in the solution, virtual reality reveals the spatially complex structures in computational science in a way that makes them easy to understand and study. But beyond adding a 3D interface, virtual reality also means greater computational complexity.
series	journal paper
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	e479
authors	Costanzo, Ezilda and De Vecchi, Antonio
year	1996
title	Computer-Aided Planning of Connections Among Building Components
source	Education for Practice [14th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-2-2] Lund (Sweden) 12-14 September 1996, pp. 111-120
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1996.111
summary	In these last years the use of advanced technological types of construction, prevalently consisting of mechanical assembly systems, is also spreading to create connections among building elements. The aim of the research we are carrying on is to develop an automated software tool aiding the planning of assembly systems adopted in building, which are often characterised by high complexity levels. At the present, such subject is being studying in the mechanical field; but the difference of components and of products, seldom mass-produced and industrialised in building, make only few factors be available to our field, where further and different investigations are required.
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ddssup9605
id	ddssup9605
authors	Demir, Yuksel
year	1996
title	A Design & Decision Support System Proposal for Housing
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Third Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part two: Urban Planning Proceedings (Spa, Belgium), August 18-21, 1996
summary	The subject of this study is to develop an information management system integrating all the related specialists and sources of information virtually from all related fields in building sector (housing) of Turkey; including design, production, construction, marketing, research. The application field has been chosen as housing for having a contribution to the existing housing problem. Although the subject of architecture is one : "the building", the specialists taking place during the lifetime of a building (from design, to destruction) are numerous. Moreover the links between practitioners, academicians, industry are missing Conventional methods, technology are expensive, time consuming. and insufficient to establish and maintain a healthy coordination between these contributors (mainly the design team and all the other related persons, institutions etc.). This has a strong negative effect on the concepts of "wholeness " and "integrity". The result is a built environment which is lacking significant qualities, while the money has been spent is even much more than required for a proper result. This means the loss of a considerable amount of resources. Especially in a country, which has to build thousands of houses each year, for low income groups, the efficient use of the limited sources becomes more essential. Though the potential user range of the system may include constructors, contractors, building element / material producers and retailers, surveyors, institutions, universities, the main user is aimed to be the architect. The system is aimed to support designers to deal with "complexity" without neglecting the concept of "wholeness". Within the study, the problems which became a stimulus for the development of this system will be investigated. The philosophical base, structure and the possible advantages of the proposal will be discussed.
keywords	Design & Decision Support Systems, Information Technology, Information Management, Holistic View of Approach, Specialization
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ecaade2024_230
id	ecaade2024_230
authors	Fekar, Hugo; Novák, Jan; Míèa, Jakub; Žigmundová, Viktória; Suleimanova, Diana; Tsikoliya, Shota; Vasko, Imrich
year	2024
title	Fabrication with Residual Wood through Scanning Optimization and Robotic Milling
source	Kontovourkis, O, Phocas, MC and Wurzer, G (eds.), Data-Driven Intelligence - Proceedings of the 42nd Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2024), Nicosia, 11-13 September 2024, Volume 1, pp. 25–34
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2024.1.025
summary	The project deals with the use of residual wood of tree stumps and roots through scanning, optimization and robotic milling. Wood logging residue makes up to 50 percent of the trees harvested biomass. (Hakkila and Parikka 2002). Among prevailing strategies is leaving residue on site, and recovering residue for bioenergy. (Perlack and others 2005). The project explores the third strategy, using parts of the logging residue for fabrication, which may reduce the overall amount of wood logging volume. Furthermore approach aims for applying residue in its natural form and taking advantage of specific local characteristics of wood (Desch and Dinwoodie 1996). The project applies the strategy on working with stump and roots of an oak tree. Due to considerations of scale, available milling technics and available resources, chosen goal of the approach is to create a functioning chair prototype. Among the problems of the approach is the complex shape of the residue, uneven quality of wood, varying humidity and contamination with soil. After cleaning and drying, the stump is scanned and a 3D model is created. The 3D model od a stump is confronted with a 3D modelled limits of the goal typology (height, width, length, sitting surface area and overal volume of a chair) and topological optimization algorithm is used to iteratively reach the desired geometry. Unlike in established topological optimization proces, which aims for a minimal volume, the project attempts to achieve required qualities with removing minimal amount of wood. Due to geometric complexity of both stump and goal object, milling with an 6axis industrial robotic arm and a rotary table was chosen as a fabrication method. The object was clamped to the board (then connected to a rotary table) in order to provide precise location and orientation in 3D space. The milling of the object was divided in two parts, with the seating area milled in higher detail. Overall process of working with a residual wood that has potential to be both effective and present aesthetic quality based on individual characteristics of wood. Further development can integrate a generative tool which would streamline the design and fabrication proces further.
keywords	Robotic arm milling, Scanning, Residual wood
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/11/17 22:05

_id	5fc4
authors	Fruchter, R.
year	1996
title	Conceptual Collaborative Building Design Through Shared Graphics
source	IEEE Expert special issue on Al in Civil Engineering, June vol. 33-41
summary	The Interdisciplinary Communication Medium computer environment integrates a shared graphic modeling environment with network-based services to accommodate many perspectives in an architecture/engineering/construction team. Communication is critical for achieving better cooperation and coordination among professionals in a multidisciplinary building team. The complexity of large construction projects, the specialization of the project participants, and the different forms of synchronous and asynchronous collaborative work increase the need for intensive information sharing and exchange. Architecture/engineering/construction (A/E/C) professionals use computers to perform a specific discipline's tasks, but they still exchange design decisions and data using paper drawings and documents. Each project participant investigates and communicates alternative solutions through representational idioms that are private to that member's profession. Other project participants must then interpret, extract, and reenter the relevant information using the conventional idioms of their disciplines and in the format required by their tools. The resulting communication difficulties often affect the quality of the final building and the time required to achieve design consensus. This article describes a computer environment, the Interdisciplinary Communication Medium (ICM), that supports conceptual, collaborative building design. The objective is to help improve communication among professionals in a multidisciplinary team. Collaborative teamwork is an iterative process of reaching a shared understanding of the design and construction domains, the requirements, the building to be built, and the necessary commitments. The understanding emerges over time, as team members begin to grasp their own part of the project, and as they provide information that lets others progress. The fundamental concepts incorporated in ICM include A communication cycle for collaborative teamwork that comprises propose-interpret-critique-explain-change notifications. An open system-integration architecture. A shared graphic modeling environment for design exploration and communication. A Semantic Modeling Extension (SME), which introduces a structured way to capture design intent. A change-notification mechanism that documents notes on design changes linked to the graphic models, and routes change notifications. Thus, the process involves communication, negotiation, and team learning.
series	journal paper
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	aa08
authors	Jakimowicz, Adam
year	1996
title	Education of the Architect - Two Approaches Towards Possible Places of CAD
source	Education for Practice [14th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-2-2] Lund (Sweden) 12-14 September 1996, pp. 211-220
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1996.211
summary	This paper discusses the limitations of the most of educational systems of the present, which seem to be no longer sufficient to face the problems of the modern world. This concerns as well architectural education. Computer Aided Design is considered here as a specific case in a wider context of general goals of education. The linear, memory based, cause - effect model of education, where remembering of final effects of the processes is the criterion of teaching efficiency, does not respond to the growing complexity of problems. The task for today is to develop the individual ability to synthesise and creatively explore spheres between separate fields and reconsider the issue of values. This paper therefore emphasises the importance of the person in education, seeing the problem of its full development as a new base and final aim for education as a whole.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	cf2017_567
id	cf2017_567
authors	Kim, Ikhwan; Lee, Injung; Lee, Ji-Hyun
year	2017
title	The Expansion of Virtual Landscape in Digital Games: Classification of Virtual Landscapes Through Five principles
source	Gülen Çagdas, Mine Özkar, Leman F. Gül and Ethem Gürer (Eds.) Future Trajectories of Computation in Design [17th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2017, Proceedings / ISBN 978-975-561-482-3] Istanbul, Turkey, July 12-14, 2017, pp. 567-584.
summary	This research established classification system which contains five principles and variables to classify the types of the virtual landscape in digital games. The principles of the classification are Story, Space Shape, Space and Action Dimension, User Complexity and Interaction Level. With this classification system, our research group found the most representative types of virtual landscape in the digital game market through 1996 to 2016. Although mathematically there can be 288 types of virtual landscape, only 68 types have been used in the game market in recent twenty years. Among the 68 types, we defined 3 types of virtual landscape as the most representative types based on the growth curve and a number of cases. Those three representative types of virtual landscapes are Generating / Face / 3D-3D / Single / Partial, Providing / Chain / 3D-3D / Single / Partial and Providing / Linear / 2D-2D / Single / Partial. With the result, the researchers will be able to establish the virtual landscape design framework for the future research.
keywords	Digital Game, Virtual Landscape, Game Design, Game Classification
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2017/12/01 14:38

_id	ddssar9620
id	ddssar9620
authors	Koutamanis, Alexander
year	1996
title	Elements and coordinating devices in architecture: An initial formulation
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Third Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings (Spa, Belgium), August 18-21, 1996
summary	Design representations of the built environment are essentially atomistic. A design is represented by its atomic components which may vary according to abstraction level, their properties and, if possible, their relationships. The utility of such representations has been amply demonstrated in academic research. However, the transition to practice means a substantial growth of the size of these representations in order to cover the many abstraction levels and the multiple aspects involved in the design and the management of the built environment. In most cases the complexity of larger representations renders them unmanageable for both computers and humans. The paper outlines an approach which enriches the atomistic basis of the representation with connected but independent coordinating devices. This facilitates the transformation of the basic relational representations into multilevel structures where each level corresponds to different aspects and abstraction scales. Coordinating devices are instrumental for the representation of multilateral relationships and abstract spatial schemata which precede or supersede the placement and arrangement of elements.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	39fb
authors	Langton, C.G.
year	1996
title	Artificial Life
source	Boden, M. A. (1996). The Philosophy of Artificial Life, 39-94.New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press
summary	Artificial Life contains a selection of articles from the first three issues of the journal of the same name, chosen so as to give an overview of the field, its connections with other disciplines, and its philosophical foundations. It is aimed at those with a general background in the sciences: some of the articles assume a mathematical background, or basic biology and computer science. I found it an informative and thought-provoking survey of a field around whose edges I have skirted for years. Many of the articles take biology as their starting point. Charles Taylor and David Jefferson provide a brief overview of the uses of artificial life as a tool in biology. Others look at more specific topics: Kristian Lindgren and Mats G. Nordahl use the iterated Prisoner's Dilemma to model cooperation and community structure in artificial ecosystems; Peter Schuster writes about molecular evolution in simplified test tube systems and its spin-off, evolutionary biotechnology; Przemyslaw Prusinkiewicz presents some examples of visual modelling of morphogenesis, illustrated with colour photographs; and Michael G. Dyer surveys different kinds of cooperative animal behaviour and some of the problems synthesising neural networks which exhibit similar behaviours. Other articles highlight the connections of artificial life with artificial intelligence. A review article by Luc Steels covers the relationship between the two fields, while another by Pattie Maes covers work on adaptive autonomous agents. Thomas S. Ray takes a synthetic approach to artificial life, with the goal of instantiating life rather than simulating it; he manages an awkward compromise between respecting the "physics and chemistry" of the digital medium and transplanting features of biological life. Kunihiko Kaneko looks to the mathematics of chaos theory to help understand the origins of complexity in evolution. In "Beyond Digital Naturalism", Walter Fontana, Guenter Wagner and Leo Buss argue that the test of artificial life is to solve conceptual problems of biology and that "there exists a logical deep structure of which carbon chemistry-based life is a manifestation"; they use lambda calculus to try and build a theory of organisation.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	ddssup9615
id	ddssup9615
authors	Lucardie, L., de Gelder, J. and Duursma, C.
year	1996
title	Matching the Knowledge Needs of Trade and Industry: Advanced and Operational Knowledge Based Systems
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Third Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part two: Urban Planning Proceedings (Spa, Belgium), August 18-21, 1996
summary	Complex tasks that are being performed in trade and industry such as diagnosis, engineering and planning, increasingly require rapid and easy access to large amounts of complicated knowledge. To cope with these demands on trade and industry, advanced automated support for managing knowledge seems to be needed. Knowledge based systems are claimed to match these needs. However, to deal with the vast volume and complexity of knowledge through knowledge based systems, preconditions at three computer systems levels should be fulfilled. At the first level, called the knowledge level, the development of knowledge based systems requires a well-elaborated theory of the nature of knowledge that helps to get a clear and consistent definition of knowledge. By providing guidelines for selecting and developing methodologies and for organising the mathematical functions underlying knowledge representation formalisms, such a definition significantly advances the process of knowledge engineering. Here, we present the theory of functional object-types as a theory of the nature of knowledge. At the second level, called the symbol level, the representation formalisms used must be compatible with the chosen theory of the nature of knowledge. The representation formalisms also have to be interpretable as propositions representing knowledge, so that their knowledge level import can be assessed. Furthermore, knowledge representation formalisms have to play a causal role in the intelligent behaviour of the knowledge based system. At the third level, called the systems level, a knowledge based system should be equipped with facilities that enable an effective management of the representation formalisms used. Yet other system facilities are needed to allow the knowledge base to communicate with existing computer systems used in the daily practice of trade and industry, for instance Database Management Systems, Geographical Information Systems and Computer Aided Design Systems. It should be taken into account that these systems may run in different networks and on different operating systems. A real-world knowledge based system that operates in the field of soil contamination exemplifies the development of an advanced and operational knowledge-based system that complies with the preconditions at each computer systems level.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	maver_078
id	maver_078
authors	Maver, T.W.
year	1996
title	Information Technology and Building Performance
source	3rd International Symposium on the Application of the Performance Concept in Building. Tel Aviv, Israel
summary	The quality of the built environment depends critically on the concept of sustainability and, in particular, on designs which are energy efficient and environmentally friendly. This paper gives an account of the successful application of computer-based simulations of the physical environment made available to architects through an Energy Design Advisory Service and used parametrically within a research project carried out jointly with a design and build company. It goes on to indicate how emerging multimedia technology can be used to provide an explanation, particularly to those who are technically unsophisticated, of the complexity of the way in which design decisions impact upon the energy efficiency and environmental friendliness of buildings.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/09/03 15:01

_id	maver_087
id	maver_087
authors	Maver, T.W.
year	1996
title	Information Technology in the Service of Sustainable Architecture
source	Workshop on Low Energy Hospital Design, Penang, Malaysia
summary	The quality of the built environment depends critically on the concept of sustainability and in particular on designs which are energy efficient and environmentally friendly. This paper gives an account of the successful application of computer-based simulations of the physical environment made available to architects through an Energy Design Advisory Service and used parametrically within a research project carried out jointly with a design and build company. It goes on to indicate how emerging multi-media technology can be used to provide an explanation, particularly to those who are technically unsophisticated, of the complexity of the way in which design decisions impact upon the energy efficiency and environmental friendliness of buildings.
series	other
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2008/06/12 21:19

_id	4040
authors	Smith, I., Stalker, R. and Lottaz, C.
year	1996
title	Creating design objects from cases for interactive spatial composition
source	Artificial Intelligence in Design ‚96, eds. J. S. Gero and F. Sudweeks, 97 - 116. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic
summary	This paper describes IDIOM, a system for composing layouts using cases. Layouts are interactively composed by users rather than automatically generated as has been proposed by previous research. The design is incrementally parameterized as cases are added and therefore, case adaptation, user interpretation and model activation can occur at any stage. IDIOM supports designers through reducing constraint complexity and through managing design preferences, thereby restraining proposed solutions and further adaptation within globally feasible design spaces. Improvements to the algorithm over previous implementations have increased reliability. In general, designers, who currently carry out spatial composition tasks using standard drawing tools, have reacted favourably to the system, providing useful feedback for further work.
series	journal paper
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	ddss9851
id	ddss9851
authors	Torre, Carmelo and Selicato, Francesco
year	1998
title	Consequences of Interdisciplinary Approaches in the Construction ofKnowledge-Bases
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary	The character of interdisciplinarity in planning approaches create a new, intriguing, emerging complexity (Funtowitcz and Ravetz, 1994) in problems and in knowledge-structuring of contexts of planning practices. The key-role played by information systems (IS) implicates a re-consideration ofcharacter of knowledge to be used in knowledge-bases. The necessity of considering knowledge domains coming from social, cultural, economical, technical, physical and naturalistic approaches means dealing with different scales of value, with non homogenous parameters. The necessity ofmanaging flexible knowledge rises on the fore as fundamental issue for future information system oriented to supporting decisions. Might information systems be useful in this interdisciplinary approach ? It is necessary to contain in a knowledge-base both quantitative and qualitativeinformation ? Three alternatives are available for a conceptual discussion :the possibility of identify new approaches, in order to develop information systems able in managing new knowledge; the necessity of adding new support systems oriented to manage soft knowledge, to traditionalgeographic information systems (GIS); the possibility of non using support systems coming from a technological vision of problem for nontechnical knowledge (Latouche 1996). The first two paragraphs are due to F. Selicato. The third and the fourth paragraph are due to C. Torre.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	caadria2010_003
id	caadria2010_003
authors	Vaughan, Josephine and Michael J. Ostwald
year	2010
title	Refining a computational fractal method of analysis: testing Bovill’s architectural data
source	Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Hong Kong 7-10 April 2010, pp. 29-38
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2010.029
summary	In 1996 Bovill applied Mandelbrot’s fractal method for calculating the approximate visual complexity of images to architecture. This method is one of only a limited number of quantifiable approaches to provide a measure of the relative complexity of an architectural form. However, the method has rarely been tested despite many scholars uncritically repeating Bovill’s conclusions. While Bovill’s original work was calculated manually, a software program, Archimage, is presently being developed by the authors as a tool to assist architectural designers and researchers to understand the visual complexity of building designs. The present research returns to Bovill’s original architectural data (elevations of famous buildings) and re-calculates the results published therein using Archimage and the commercial software Benoit. These results are then compvared with those produced by Bovill (1996) and Lorenz (2003), to determine if any consistency can be found between the sets. The level of consistency will assist in determining the validity of Bovill’s method and provide important data in the ongoing process to refine the Archimage software and the analytical method.
keywords	Computational analysis tools; design analysis; visual complexity
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	ddssar9637
id	ddssar9637
authors	Wong, W.C.H. and Will, B.F.
year	1996
title	The Use of An Interactive Animation Viewer in Presenting Architectural Design
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Third Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings (Spa, Belgium), August 18-21, 1996
summary	This paper analyzes the use of a 31) hypermedia system in architectural presentation. It first reviews the current process of using computer animation in architectural presentation and identifies problems in the current process. The research assumes that a new approach using the hyper-model environment and animation together would provide a better environment for presenting architectural animation. An interactive animation viewer is designed and developed using the new approach. A sample architectural animation is presented using a tape-recorded animation player, a normal animation player, the interactive animation viewer, and a real-time animation player. The analysis of the result is made by a comparison in terms of image quality, speed, user interactions, object hyperlinkage, scene complexity, and information transmission on using different systems in presenting the same material. A conclusion is drawn to show the advantages of using the new approach. Limitations on using the new approach are identified too.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	88a2
authors	Zhang, Lei
year	1996
title	The Design of a Test Program for Basic Design
source	CAADRIA ‘96 [Proceedings of The First Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 9627-75-703-9] Hong Kong (Hong Kong) 25-27 April 1996, pp. 253-267
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1996.253
summary	Within the whole range of methods available in the teaching of design with computer the "Exercise" made, seems to be one of the most productive. Not only the student but also the teacher is involved in a step by step process of search, discovery and development. The continuous and controlled building of complexity in architecture design are the underlying issues. The student models in desecrate steps, exploring, testing, discovering and thus build a "repertoire" which combines knowledge skills, experience, attitudes as well as methodology. Symbiotically related the teacher prepares the exercise, one might call the process applied design research. Since based upon research, the teacher structures the learning process defining the what and why by indirect means. Leaving the how to the student's initiative and inventiveness. The design of the design or the design of the learning process poses one of the real challenges to the teacher. In the case of chains of exercise the interactiveness of the student and teacher are of specific interest, since feedback loops add to the process. The following test program is directly related to this line of thinking. In it a "teacher" is asked to develop a simple chain of exercises based on a given "theoretical model". Thus building his own experience in basic design. In this test run the student is introduced to the concept of continuous space as well as the notion of architecture form as the interaction between space, site and structure a course. It could be seen as a basic model since we could have much more complex resolutions if we change the given elements and limitations.
series	CAADRIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	0ce7
authors	Asanowicz, Aleksander
year	1996
title	Design, Creativity and CAAD
source	CAD Creativeness [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 83-905377-0-2] Bialystock (Poland), 25-27 April 1996 pp. 13-20
summary	What is designing? Many theories about design, architectural design in particular, describe the design process as a sequence of activities like analysis, synthesis and evaluation.
series	plCAD
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:01

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