Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	b656
authors	Chase, S.C.
year	1997
title	Logic based design modeling with shape algebras
source	Automation in Construction 6 (4) (1997) pp. 311-322
summary	A new method of describing designs by combining the paradigms of shape algebras and predicate logic representations is presented. Representing shapes and spatial relations in logic provides a natural, intuitive method of developing complete computer systems for reasoning about designs. The advantages of shape algebra formalisms over more traditional representations of geometric objects are discussed. The method employed involves the definition of a large set of high level design relations from a small set of simple structures and spatial relations. Examples in architecture and geographic information systems are illustrated.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:22

_id	4e85
authors	Datta, S., Chang, T.W. and Woodbury, R.F.
year	1997
title	Describing Temple Cellas Using Seed-Config
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1997.367
source	CAADRIA ‘97 [Proceedings of the Second Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 957-575-057-8] Taiwan 17-19 April 1997, pp. 367-376
summary	We focus on portions of the constructive geometry of early Hindu temple cellas from western India, the use of massing technologies in SEED-Config, a rule based generative modeller and the spaces of cella designs engendered by such descriptions. We introduce the basic cella form and present two technology sets in detail, Anga and Sikhara, based on canonical geometric relations in two dimensions and demonstrate the use of these relations in three dimensions. Finally, we propose research directions and draw lessons from our experience in the writing of domain specific descriptions.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	c2c6
authors	Hendricx , Ann
year	1997
title	Shape, Space And Building Element: Development of a Conceptual Object Model for the Design Process
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1997.x.g4l
source	Challenges of the Future [15th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-3-0] Vienna (Austria) 17-20 September 1997
summary	The paper describes the first steps taken in the search for a central object model presenting all possible data, concepts and operations concerning the architectural design process. From the early design stage, an architectural model can be built on computer. A central object model of this process is essential: a model describing geometrical shapes, spaces, building elements and user activities, together with all the basic operations these entities can undertake. The model could provide the necessary information for the performance of tests to assist the designer (energy calculation, stability check, costs ...). Appropriate interfaces between the object model and existing software packages allow different actors in the design process to make use of the model’s data. First, the conceptual model for CAAD in the design process is described. The second part deals with the methodology used for developing the object model: M.E.R.O.DE (Model-driven Entity-Relationship Object-oriented Development) proves to be a firm base to start our design. Finally, we present some aspects of the first prototype for such a central object model.
keywords	Object Model, CAAD, Object-oriented
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/ecaade/proc/hendricx/hendricx.htm
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	0a35
authors	Junge, R., Steinmann, R. and Beetz, K.
year	1997
title	A Dynamic Product Model - A base for Distributed Applications
source	CAAD Futures 1997 [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-7923-4726-9] München (Germany), 4-6 August 1997, pp. 617-634
summary	The project work described in this paper is a part of the ESPRIT VEGA Project. It is related to two companion papers issued in this conference proceedings. 'Product Data Model for Interoperability in an Distributed Environment' and 'The VEGA Platform' are describing the technological basis for an application modeled to capture and convert the working environment of architects and building engineers, in short: the building design team, to an computer environment. The ESPRIT projects are increasingly forced into 'public and private risk funding and sharing policy. This part of VEGA is explicitly directed to exploitation of the EU funded project. This can be reached by a stepwise (small steps) transition from research to commercial implementation.
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	1999/04/06 09:19

_id	63bb
authors	Kokosalakis, J., Brown, G. and Moorhouse, J.
year	1997
title	Incremental Reflective Learning and Innovative Practice in Electronic Design Media
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1997.x.u1q
source	Challenges of the Future [15th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-3-0] Vienna (Austria) 17-20 September 1997
summary	This paper discusses the impact of a continuously developing CAAD learning strategy, describing in detail a few of these principles, and considering their dynamic impact through deeper more lasting learning, feeding a substantial intensification in the application of Architectural Designing with Computers, changing design methods with interesting analytical and creative results.Aspects of the CAAD teaching discussed include extended collaboration between CAAD and design tutors in defining learning outcomes and tutoring the students’ application of CAAD to design projects, inclusion of CAAD within traditional interim reviews and feedback for design projects and bringing emphasis on conceptual principles, structuring the model and simple programming into earlier stages of the teaching programme and a simple excursion into programming. Studio project examples indicate the interplay between teaching, learning and achievement. Some evidence is explored in greater detail. from the "Interstitial Layers" project utilising the appropriateness of CAAD to store and switch the visibility of spatial data in endless permutations and extensive combinations for mapping, analysing and strategically projecting patterns of city centre activities, fabric and space. Students’ demonstrate a dynamic command of CAAD: as a vehicle for conceptual design, a device to analytically review, criticise and modify the design, as a means to explain design ideas to tutors and to develop and detail final building designs. Reciprocal valuing of quality CAAD achievement between architecture students and staff is seen to be contributing to involvement and motivation, reinforcing striving for equality of achievement. Reference to a further strand of the new methodology considers the impact of tutoring based in researcher findings from video case study precedents of architects practising creative design through use of computers, on a more open, effective development of the architecture students’ own designing processes, culminating in interesting design work.
keywords	Incremental Learning, Understanding, CAAD-Design Approaches, Retention, Feedback, Review, Urban Spatial Forms, Spatial Analysis, "Interstitial Layers", Patterns, Conceptual Electronic Designing, Creative Innovation, Equality and Sharing
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/ecaade/proc/kokosa/jmup01.htm
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	23ea
authors	Seebohm, Thomas and Wallace, William
year	1997
title	Rule - Based Representation Of Design In Architectural Practice
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1997.251
source	Design and Representation [ACADIA ‘97 Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-06-3] Cincinatti, Ohio (USA) 3-5 October 1997, pp. 251-264
summary	It is suggested that expert systems storing the design knowledge of particular offices in terms of stylistic and construction practice provide a means to take considerably more advantage of information technology than currently. The form of the knowledge stored by such expert systems is a building representation in the form of rules stating how components are placed in three-dimensional space relative to each other. By describing how Frank Lloyd Wright designed his Usonian houses it is demonstrated that the proposed approach is very much in the spirit of distinguished architectural practice. To illustrate this idea, a system for assembling three-dimensional architectural details is presented with particular emphasis on the nature of the rules and the form of the building components created by the rules to assemble typical details. The nature of the rules, which are a three-dimensional adaptation of Stiny's shape grammars, is described. In particular, it is shown how the rules themselves are structured into different classes, what the nature of these classes is and how specific rules can be obtained from more general rules. The rules embody a firm's collective design experience in detailing. As a conclusion, an overview is given of architectural practice using rule-based representations.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	2a63
authors	Wrona, S., Miller, D. and Klos, J.
year	1997
title	The Systematization of Information in the Computer Aided Architectural Design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1997.x.e8l
source	Challenges of the Future [15th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-3-0] Vienna (Austria) 17-20 September 1997
summary	Since the CAD methods were invented, the systematization of information in CAD has been strongly connected to the computerization of architect’s workshop. Nowadays, in 90., this systematization has to the great extent negative consequences. A designer understands the systematization of information through abilities and disabilities of the one, particular graphical aided documentation development system, which he deploys himself. The traditional method of design is clearly opposed to the computerized method. Data bases are seen by architects as a set of information describing particular and unique architectural project and some selected aspects correlated with narrow specialization of designer. Collaboration between participants of design process is still very challenging due to the usage of different tools and different systematization of information. It is necessary to define modern part of information in architectural design. The systematization of information should be a foundation for development of computer systems and not contrary, in this way it will be possible to overcome opposition between traditional and computerized techniques. Architect’s workshop, from the point of view of the informational structure of ongoing information exchange processes, should in greater part relay on the experience of structural analysis used for development of information systems in business. Effective utilization of computer methods requires the extension of collaboration between all the participants of design process, search for active access to distributed data bases (i.e. Internet) and increase of methodological consciousness (the ability to form own design strategies, methods and structures) indispensable for development of modern CAD systems which wouldn’t be limited to a computer graphics.
keywords	CAAD, Collaboration, Databases, Information, Systematization, Workshop
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/ecaade/proc/wrona/wrona.htm
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	6112
authors	Daru, Roel and Snijder, H.P.S.
year	1997
title	GACAAD or AVOCAAD? CAAD and Genetic Algorithms for an Evolutionary Design Paradigm
source	AVOCAAD First International Conference [AVOCAAD Conference Proceedings / ISBN 90-76101-01-09] Brussels (Belgium) 10-12 April 1997, pp. 145-161
summary	One of the dominant paradigms in architecture is about its creation: it is done by human designers supported by tools like sketching, drawing or modelling and evaluation tools. The Darwinistic paradigm demands a paradigmatic switch from drawing, modelling and evaluation to the breeding of forms with a much more integrated generation and selecting process embedded in the computer machinery. This means a paradigm switch from a designer as the performer of (sketch, draw or modelling) work to a machine driven creation and selection process of forms with the designer as the supervisor, fully entitled to steer the process in some preferred directions. The designer creates by establishing the evolutionary rules and making choices among the architectural creatures emerging in rapid fire modethrough the synthesis performed by the machine. Natural selection is a Metaphor: in fact the designer plays Nature (or God). The creatures allowed to flourish are not adequate according to laws of Nature, but to the judgement of the designer (or to the designing team).
series	AVOCAAD
last changed	2005/09/09 10:48

_id	567d
authors	Farrag, C., Pinna Braga, F. and Teixeira, P.
year	2000
title	Investigação de Metodologia de Ensino de Informática Aplicada à Arquitetura (Research on the Methodology for Teaching Computer Applications in Architecture)
source	SIGraDi’2000 - Construindo (n)o espacio digital (constructing the digital Space) [4th SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 85-88027-02-X] Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) 25-28 september 2000, pp. 347-349
summary	Description of class research from 1997-2 to 2000-1 in “Applied Computing in Architecture” conducted in the sixth semester of the Architecture Program at Faculdade de Belas Artes de São Paulo. The study is intended to analyze, evaluate and discover new paradigms in the introduction/application of class methodologies of teaching the use of computer in the design process. Our intention is to verify the students natural understanding of the principles of 3D digital modeling by introducing new tools for defining space and form, using the computer as a communication/representation system, and not only as a mimetized production tool. The challenge was to find a natural syntony between the digital projectual process and the learning process. At the end of each semester we evaluated the results and redirected the class proposals.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:51

_id	c01c
authors	Holtz, W. Bradley
year	1997
title	CAD Rating Guide : A Tool for The Evaluation of Computer-Aided Design Systems, Including Fem, Gis, and Animation Systems : A Comprehensive Comparison
source	PennWell Publications
summary	A Tool for The Evaluation of Computer-Aided Design Systems, Including Fem, GIS, and Animation Systems
series	other
last changed	2003/06/03 12:27

_id	53ad
authors	Huang, Jeffrey
year	1997
title	Interorganizational Systems in Design
source	Harvard University, Graduate School of Design
summary	This thesis employs recent developments in coordination theory to analyze and map the coordination processes among participating firms in building design. The process model enables an understanding of the activities and dependencies in the collaborative design process, based on which potential implications of Interorganizational Information Systems (IOS), such as concurrent design platforms, vertical information links and electronic marketplaces, can be understood and critically assessed. Part One defines the parameters of the research, and contrasts the implementation of IOS in the aerospace, automobile and consulting industry to the state of practice in the building design industry. From the comparison, the need for fundamentally rethinking and redesigning the building design process is derived. Part Two describes how this can be accomplished by making the coordination processes in building design explicit. The building design process is decomposed into its core activities and dependencies, and new ways of recomposing the processes are identified which use alternative coordination mechanisms facilitated by IOS. Part Three describes the implications of the process model. Suggestions for appropriate IOS are made, and evidence of IOS applications in design is given in the analysis of four field studies, and in an example redesign of a design process.
series	thesis:PhD
email
last changed	2003/02/12 22:37

_id	a99e
authors	Kalay, Yehuda E.
year	1997
title	P3: An Integrated Environment to Support Design Collaboration
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1997.191
source	Design and Representation [ACADIA ‘97 Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-06-3] Cincinatti, Ohio (USA) 3-5 October 1997, pp. 191-205
summary	Buildings are the combined product of the efforts of many participants interacting in complex ways over a prolonged period of time. Currently, sequential communication among the participants is the standard means of collaboration. This method, which is well suited to current legal and professional practices, is inefficient, fraught with loss of information and prone to errors, cost and schedule overruns, and promotes optimization of individual parts at the expense of the overall project. This paper describes an integrated design environment that will facilitate collaborative decision making among the various participants, not merely communicate the results of decisions made by one participant to the other participants in the design team. It is based on the convergence of computing and telecommunication technologies, coupled with the emergence of new design paradigms, which together can overcome the technical difficulties associate with current collaborative design practices. It comprises three different modules: a product model, a performance model, and a process model (hence it is called P3). The paper presents each of these models and their integration into a unified framework.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	1767
authors	Loveday, D.L., Virk, G.S., Cheung, J.Y.M. and Azzi, D.
year	1997
title	Intelligence in buildings: the potential of advanced modelling
source	Automation in Construction 6 (5-6) (1997) pp. 447-461
summary	Intelligence in buildings usually implies facilities management via building automation systems (BAS). However, present-day commercial BAS adopt a rudimentary approach to data handling, control and fault detection, and there is much scope for improvement. This paper describes a model-based technique for raising the level of sophistication at which BAS currently operate. Using stochastic multivariable identification, models are derived which describe the behaviour of air temperature and relative humidity in a full-scale office zone equipped with a dedicated heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) plant. The models are of good quality, giving prediction accuracies of ± 0.25°C in 19.2°C and of ± 0.6% rh in 53% rh when forecasting up to 15 minutes ahead. For forecasts up to 3 days ahead, accuracies are ± 0.65°C and ± 1.25% rh, respectively.The utility of the models for facilities management is investigated. The "temperature model" was employed within a predictive on/off control strategy for the office zone, and was shown to substantially improve temperature regulation and to reduce energy consumption in comparison with conventional on/off control. Comparison of prediction accuracies for two different situations, that is, the office with and without furniture plus carpet, showed that some level of furnishing is essential during the commissioning phase if model-based control of relative humidity is contemplated. The prospects are assessed for wide-scale replication of the model-based technique, and it is shown that deterministic simulation has potential to be used as a means of initialising a model structure and hence of selecting the sensors for a BAS for any building at the design stage. It is concluded that advanced model-based methods offer significant promise for improving BAS performance, and that proving trials in full-scale everyday situations are now needed prior to commercial development and installation.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:22

_id	69fb
authors	Martini, Kirk
year	1997
title	Ancient Structures and Modern Analysis: Investigating Damage and Reconstruction at Pompeii
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1997.283
source	Design and Representation [ACADIA ‘97 Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-06-3] Cincinatti, Ohio (USA) 3-5 October 1997, pp. 283-293
summary	The paper describes the application of non-linear structural analysis methods to address archaeological questions concerning the reconstruction of the ancient city of Pompeii after a major earthquake that occurred seventeen years prior to the famous eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in 79 AD. It presents preliminary findings in an effort to develop an approach to modeling the two-way out-of-plane behavior of unreinforced masonry walls, including comparison studies with published analytic and experimental results for one-way loaded walls, plus a trial analysis for a two-way span condition. The approach requires the application of computationally intensive non-linear analysis techniques, since the linear analysis methods used in conventional design and education are inadequate to model the behavior of unreinforced masonry. Developing an understanding of the two-way behavior of unreinforced masonry has implications not only for archaeological investigation of ancient structures, but also for modern renovation of historic structures.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	0724
authors	Park, T., and Mirande, V.
year	1997
title	Comparison of the Effectiveness of Two Computer-Assisted Instruction Methods for Learning Architectural Concepts in Design Studio
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1997.x.d9t
source	Challenges of the Future [15th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-3-0] Vienna (Austria) 17-20 September 1997
summary	In design studio, during the preliminary stage of a project, learning architectural concepts through the study of precedents is a common activity. A few computer-based tools for precedent study have been developed, however, most have focused on delivering information without considering aspects of learning concepts. Although the tools apply digital media, such as hypermedia and multimedia, their instructional method is limited to direct instruction for presentation of information. The design and development of the tools neglect the need of the study of concept learning, learners, and learning methods.
keywords	Architectural precedent study, Concept learning, Design Studioteaching, CAI (computer-assisted instruction)
series	eCAADe
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/ecaade/proc/park/park.htm
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	a8ff
authors	Sanchez, Santiago, Zulueta, Alberto and Barrallo, Javier
year	1997
title	CAAD and Historical Buildings: The Importance of the Simulation of the Historical Process
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1997.x.u7b
source	Challenges of the Future [15th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-3-0] Vienna (Austria) 17-20 September 1997
summary	The majority of the problems that CAAD deals with are located in contemporary buildings. But many other buildings of the historical heritage also need special attentions with their computer design prior to the restoration projects. Generally, in restoration work, hand drawing and artistic criteria have been more usual than work with precision topographic data and accurate technical plans. But a very rigorous design is not always enough to start restoration work. The real state that presents a historical building could have been modified substantially from its original state due to previous interventions, wars, seismic movements, erosion, biological aggressions or any other historical event. So, it is necessary to join CAAD tasks with a simulation of the historical process suffered by the building. Historical data and ancient cartography must be the basis of all the CAAD works, and the quality of the computer 3D model can be established comparing it with the original available maps. This paper explains the CAAD works and the intervention proposals for the restoration of the City Walls of Hondarribia, a small Spanish village placed in the frontier between Spain and France. These Renaissance bastioned walls were partially destroyed throughout many wars with France. The exact knowledge of their original trace and dimensions only is possible comparing the real CAD models with the plans that exist in the Spanish Military Archives since the XVIth. century. The digital store and index of all the historical information, their comparison with real photographs of the city walls, the creation of photo realistic images with the intervention proposals, and the influence of the structural repairs in the final project will be explained in the CAAD context.
keywords	CAAD, Historical Buildings
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/ecaade/proc/barrallo/sanchez.htm
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	0ec6
authors	Shih, Naai Jung
year	1997
title	Image Morphing for Architectural Visual Studies
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1997.397
source	CAADRIA ‘97 [Proceedings of the Second Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 957-575-057-8] Taiwan 17-19 April 1997, pp. 397-406
summary	The purpose of this paper is to suggest and demonstrate how image interpolation, as a tool, can facilitate architectural illustration of design content and process. This study emphasizes a design-oriented image transition process that is distinguished by two types of morphing: process and source. A morp model is presented with components of input, function, output and constraints. Based on a model’s definition, a matrix is used to illustrate the relationship between the two source images by referring to origin, reference plan, configuration, time, etc. Morphing contents emphasizes changes of pixel, outline (2D or 3D), and order. Possible applications in architectural visual studies include morphology study, comparison building renovation before and after, dynamic adjustment, quantitative measurement, dynamic image simulation, and model and image combination.
series	CAADRIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	07ae
authors	Sook Lee, Y. and Mi Lee, S.
year	1997
title	Analysis of mental maps for ideal apartments to develop and simulate an innovative residential interior space.
source	Architectural and Urban Simulation Techniques in Research and Education [3rd EAEA-Conference Proceedings]
summary	Even though results of applied research have been ideally expected to be read and used by practitioners, written suggestions have been less persuasive especially, in visual field such as environmental design, architecture, and interior design. Therefore, visualization of space has been frequently considered as an ideal alternative way of suggestions and an effective method to disseminate research results and help decision makers. In order to make the visualized target space very solid and mundane, scientific research process to define the characteristics of the space should be precedent. This presentation consists of two parts : first research part ; second design and simulation part. The purpose of the research was to identify the ideal residential interior characteristics on the basis of people's mental maps for ideal apartments. To achieve this goal, quantitative content analysis was used using an existing data set of floor plans drawn by housewives. 2,215 floorplans were randomly selected among 3,012 floorplans collected through nation-wide housing design competition for ideal residential apartments. 213 selected variables were used to analyze the floorplans. Major contents were the presentational characteristics of mental maps and the characteristics of design preference such as layout, composition, furnishing etc. As a result, current and future possible trends of ideal residence were identified. On the basis of the result, design guidelines were generated. An interior spatial model for small size unit using CAD was developed according to the guidelines. To present it in more effective way, computer simulated images were made using 3DS. This paper is expected to generate the comparison of various methods for presenting research results such as written documents, drawings, simulated images, small scaled model for endoscopy and full scale modeling.
keywords	Architectural Endoscopy, Endoscopy, Simulation, Visualisation, Visualization, Real Environments
series	EAEA
email
more	http://www.bk.tudelft.nl/media/eaea/eaea97.html
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

_id	736a
authors	Van Helvoort, Rob
year	1997
title	Drawing with Pencil, Pen and Mouse
source	AVOCAAD First International Conference [AVOCAAD Conference Proceedings / ISBN 90-76101-01-09] Brussels (Belgium) 10-12 April 1997, pp. 363-368
summary	The traditional way of architectural design leads to some shortcomings with respect to the quality of the design and the efficiency of the design process. Therefore possibilities for improvements have to be considered. In order to come to fundamental improvements the application of advanced computer technology in the field of architecture has to be co-ordinated with improvements in the area of design methodologies. In this paper we suggest a new methodology for architectural design. It is based on an integrated manner of designing. Despite some early design steps the whole design process is executed on the basis of a 3D model which is handled by means of computers. The central data objects in the design process are the different types of models. The models contain all relevant information generated in the design process. A comparison of our approach with the traditional way of designing illustrates the potential of the new methodology.
keywords	Design Methodologies, Integrated Design Systems, Computer Support
series	AVOCAAD
last changed	2005/09/09 10:48

_id	bf21
authors	Völker, Harry and Schwenk, Mathias
year	1997
title	Approaching a New Methodology: Integrated Architectural Design on the Basis of 3D Computer Models
source	AVOCAAD First International Conference [AVOCAAD Conference Proceedings / ISBN 90-76101-01-09] Brussels (Belgium) 10-12 April 1997, pp. 369-380
summary	The traditional way of architectural design leads to some shortcomings with respect to the quality of the design and the efficiency of the design process. Therefore possibilities for improvements have to be considered. In order to come to fundamental improvements the application of advanced computer technology in the field of architecture has to be coordinated with improvements in the area of design methodologies. In this paper we suggest a new methodology for architectural design. It is based on an integrated manner of designing. Despite some early design steps the whole design process is executed on the basis of a 3D model which is handled by means of computers. The central data objects in the design process are the different types of models. The models contain all relevant information generated in the design process. A comparison of our approach with the traditional way of designing illustrates the potential of the new methodology.
series	AVOCAAD
last changed	2005/09/09 10:48

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