Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	a5c7
authors	Hovestadt, Ludger and Hovestadt, Volkmar
year	1997
title	ARMILLA5 - Supporting Design, Construction and Management of Complex Buildings
source	CAAD Futures 1997 [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-7923-4726-9] München (Germany), 4-6 August 1997, pp. 135-150
summary	ARMILLA5 is a generic computer aided design system, which supports the cooperative design of complex buildings (such as labs, offices or schools) over multiple levels of abstraction. It follows the metaphor of a virtual building site. The designers and engineers meet at a spatial location on the Internet and prepare the building construction by simulating the building site. This article describes the three essential components of the ARMILLA5-model: the geometric model which describes the spatial and physical aspects of the building site, the semantic model which implements passive building components as objects and active building components as applets or applications, and the planning model, which organizes the work steps of the individual engineers and their cooperation. The model is described using different software prototypes written in Objective C, CAD systems and HTML/JAVA.
keywords	Dynamic Buildings, CAAD, CSCW, VRML, Case-based Reasoning, Facility Management, Augmented Reality
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	1999/04/06 09:19

_id	a96b
authors	Cao, Quinsan and Protzen, Jean-Pierre
year	1997
title	Managing Information with Fuzzy Reasoning System in Design Reasoning and Issue-Based Argumentation
source	CAAD Futures 1997 [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-7923-4726-9] München (Germany), 4-6 August 1997, pp. 771-786
summary	Design by argumentation is a natural character of design process with social participation. Issue-Based Information System (IBIS) is an information representation system based on a structured database. It provides a hierarchically linked database structure to manage design information and facilitate design by argumentation. In this paper, we explore the enhancement of IBIS with FRS (Fuzzy Reasoning System) technology. The FRS adds computationally implemented dynamic links to the database of IBIS. Such dynamic links can represent logic relations and reasoning operations among related issues which allows further clarification of relations among issues in IBS. The enhanced system provides a general framework to manage design information and to assist design reasoning, which in turn will contribute to machine assisted design. The final goal is to formulate a system that can represent design knowledge and assist reasoning in design analysis. The system can help designers in clarifying and understanding design related issues, requirements and evaluating potential design alternatives. To demonstrate the system and its potential use, we reexamine a design experiment presented by Schon and represent the design knowledge and reasoning rules of the architects with our system, FRS-IBIS.
series	CAAD Futures
last changed	1999/04/06 09:19

_id	460e
authors	Dannettel, Mark E
year	1997
title	Interactive Multimedia Design: Operational Structures and Intuitive Environments for CD-ROM
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1997.415
source	CAADRIA ‘97 [Proceedings of the Second Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 957-575-057-8] Taiwan 17-19 April 1997, pp. 415-427
summary	This paper presents practical design concepts for the production of CD-ROMs or on-line media projects which are intended for scholastic and professional use. It is based on the experience and knowledge which has been gained while developing a multimedia package here at the Department of Architecture at CUHK. The package deals exclusively with the technical issue of vertical transportation in buildings, and is intended to be used as a design tool in professional offices, as well as in classroom settings. The required research and production for the development of the structures, formats, and interfaces of this project, along with the consequential evaluation and revision of this work, has led to a greater understanding of appropriate applications for interactive interactive multimedia designs. Specially, the paper addresses the fundamental issues of ‘user-format’, and a distinction is made between applications which operate as ‘tools’ and those which operate as ‘resources’. Descriptions are provided for both types of operational formats, and suggestions are made as to how one might decided which format would be appropriate for a specific project. Briefly, resource produces imply that a user actively pursues information in a relatively static environment, while tool procedures imply that a user works jointly with the software to process information and arrive at a unique output. This distinction between the two formats is mostly grounded in the design of the structure and user-interface, and thus the point is made that the material content of the application does not necessarily imply a mandatory use of either format. In light of this observation that an application’s format relies on the appropriateness of operational procedures, rather than on its material content, further discussions of the implications of such procedures (using a ‘resource’ vs. using a ‘tool’) are provided.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	1054
authors	Sacks, R. and Warszawski, A.
year	1997
title	Issues in the Development and Implementation of a Building Project Model for an Automated Building System
source	The Int. Journal of Construction IT 5(2), pp. 75-101
summary	While other generalised building project models have been designed to support computer-based integration between various construction applications, we propose that the project model of an Automated System must be specifically designed for the purpose. The aim of an Automated, Computer Integrated Building Realization System is to automatically generate all of the information required for the design, planning and execution of a building project. The project model forms the foundation of the system, and must therefore include all of the relevant information about the facility and the resources required through the various realisation stages. This paper describes a project model designed and implemented specifically for this purpose and details some of the considerations in its development. The model has been tested for life-cycle applicability in a prototype interface of an Automated System. Its completeness at the final stage has also been validated through description of an existing 10 storey building.
series	journal paper
last changed	2003/05/15 21:45

_id	1fb3
authors	Akin, O., Cumming, M., Shealey, M. and Tuncer, B.
year	1997
title	An electronic design assistance tool for case-based representation of designs
source	Automation in Construction 6 (4) (1997) pp. 265-274
summary	In precedent based design, solutions to problems are developed by drawing from an understanding of landmark designs. Many of the key design operations in this mode are similar to the functionalities present in case-based reasoning systems: case matching, case adapting, and case representation. It is clear that a rich case-base, encoding all major product types in a design domain would be the centerpiece of such an approach. EDAT (Electronic Design Assistance Tool) is intended to assist in precedent based design in the studio with the potential of expansion into the office setting. EDAT has been designed using object oriented system development methods. EDAT was used in a design studio at Carnegie Mellon University, during Spring 1996.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:22

_id	2342
authors	Chiu, Mao-Lin and Shih, Shen-Guan
year	1997
title	Analogical Reasoning and Case Adaptation in Architectural Design: Computers Vs. Human Designers
source	CAAD Futures 1997 [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-7923-4726-9] München (Germany), 4-6 August 1997, pp. 787-800
summary	This paper depicts the studies of the differences between human designers and computers in analogical reasoning and case adaptation. Four design experiments are undertaken to examine how designers conduct case-based design, apply dimensional and topological adaptation. The paper also examines the differences of case adaptation by novice and experienced designers, and between human judgement in case adaptation and the evaluation mechanism by providing similarity assessment. In conclusion, this study provides the comparative analysis from the above observation and implications on the development of case-based reasoning systems for designers.
keywords	Case-based Reasoning, Analogical Reasoning, Case Adaptation, Computer-Aided Architectural Design
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2003/05/16 20:58

_id	4a30
authors	Chiu, Mao-Lin
year	1997
title	Analogical Reasoning in Architectural Design: Comparison of Human Designers and Computers in Case Adaptation
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1997.205
source	CAADRIA ‘97 [Proceedings of the Second Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 957-575-057-8] Taiwan 17-19 April 1997, pp. 205-215
summary	Design cases were considered as the design solution or condensed knowledge of design experience. In the analogical reasoning process, case adaptation is the fundamental task for solving the problem. This paper is aimed to study the difference between human designers and computers in case adaptation. Two design experiments are undertaken for examining how designers apply dimensional and topological adaptation, exploring the difference of case adaptation by novice and experienced designers, and examining the difference between human judgement in case adaptation and the evaluation mechanism by providing similarity assessment. In conclusion, this study provides the comparative analysis from the above observation and implications on the development of case-based reasoning systems for designers.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	a9f5
authors	Maher, Mary Lou
year	1997
title	Sam: A Multimedia Case Library of Structural Designs
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1997.005
source	CAADRIA ‘97 [Proceedings of the Second Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 957-575-057-8] Taiwan 17-19 April 1997, pp. 5-13
summary	Recent developments in multimedia and case-based reasoning provide the basis for developing teaching aids for architecture students that present technology and science learning materials as design cases. Case-based reasoning tools can provide assistance in the identification of a relevant design case and the modification of a case for the current design problem. We have developed multimedia library of buildings to support a case-based reasoning approach to teaching structural design. The design cases are linked through a network of concepts that follow a specific learning area, for example, the structural design of tall buildings is linked through the concept of lateral load resistance. The multimedia environment provides an active learning tool that the student uses to generate design solutions.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	sigradi2006_e131c
id	sigradi2006_e131c
authors	Ataman, Osman
year	2006
title	Toward New Wall Systems: Lighter, Stronger, Versatile
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 248-253
summary	Recent developments in digital technologies and smart materials have created new opportunities and are suggesting significant changes in the way we design and build architecture. Traditionally, however, there has always been a gap between the new technologies and their applications into other areas. Even though, most technological innovations hold the promise to transform the building industry and the architecture within, and although, there have been some limited attempts in this area recently; to date architecture has failed to utilize the vast amount of accumulated technological knowledge and innovations to significantly transform the industry. Consequently, the applications of new technologies to architecture remain remote and inadequate. One of the main reasons of this problem is economical. Architecture is still seen and operated as a sub-service to the Construction industry and it does not seem to be feasible to apply recent innovations in Building Technology area. Another reason lies at the heart of architectural education. Architectural education does not follow technological innovations (Watson 1997), and that “design and technology issues are trivialized by their segregation from one another” (Fernandez 2004). The final reason is practicality and this one is partially related to the previous reasons. The history of architecture is full of visions for revolutionizing building technology, ideas that failed to achieve commercial practicality. Although, there have been some adaptations in this area recently, the improvements in architecture reflect only incremental progress, not the significant discoveries needed to transform the industry. However, architectural innovations and movements have often been generated by the advances of building materials, such as the impact of steel in the last and reinforced concrete in this century. There have been some scattered attempts of the creation of new materials and systems but currently they are mainly used for limited remote applications and mostly for aesthetic purposes. We believe a new architectural material class is needed which will merge digital and material technologies, embedded in architectural spaces and play a significant role in the way we use and experience architecture. As a principle element of architecture, technology has allowed for the wall to become an increasingly dynamic component of the built environment. The traditional connotations and objectives related to the wall are being redefined: static becomes fluid, opaque becomes transparent, barrier becomes filter and boundary becomes borderless. Combining smart materials, intelligent systems, engineering, and art can create a component that does not just support and define but significantly enhances the architectural space. This paper presents an ongoing research project about the development of new class of architectural wall system by incorporating distributed sensors and macroelectronics directly into the building environment. This type of composite, which is a representative example of an even broader class of smart architectural material, has the potential to change the design and function of an architectural structure or living environment. As of today, this kind of composite does not exist. Once completed, this will be the first technology on its own. We believe this study will lay the fundamental groundwork for a new paradigm in surface engineering that may be of considerable significance in architecture, building and construction industry, and materials science.
keywords	Digital; Material; Wall; Electronics
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	4edc
authors	Eastman, C., Jeng, T.S., Chowdbury, R. and Jacobsen, K.
year	1997
title	Integration of Design Applications with Building Models
source	CAAD Futures 1997 [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-7923-4726-9] München (Germany), 4-6 August 1997, pp. 45-59
summary	This paper reviews various issues in the integration of applications with a building model. First, we present three different architectures for interfacing applications to a building model, with three different structures for applying maps between datasets. The limitations and advantages of these alternatives are reviewed. Then we review the mechanisms for interfacing an application to a building data model, allowing iteration execution and the recognition of instance additions, modifications and deletions.
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	1999/04/06 09:19

_id	db13
authors	Jacobsen, K., Eastman, C. and Tay, S.J.
year	1997
title	Information management in creative engineering design and capabilities of database transactions
source	Automation in Construction 7 (1) (1997) pp. 55-69
summary	This paper examines the information management requirements and sets forth the general criteria for collaboration and concurrency control in creative engineering design. Our work attempts to recognize the full range of concurrency, collaboration and complex transactions structure now practiced in manual and semi-automated design and the range of capabilities needed as the demands for enhanced but flexible electronic information management unfolds.The objective of this paper is to identify new issues that may advance the use of databases to support creative engineering design. We start with a generalized description of the structure of design tasks and how information management in design is dealt with today. After this review, we identify extensions to current information management capabilities that have been realized and/or proposed to support/augment what designers can do now.Given this capability-based starting point, we review existing database and information management capabilities, as presented in the literature. In the review, we identify the gaps between current concurrency and collaboration technology and what is needed or would be desirable. Our objective is to assess current research and to identify new issues that may advance the use of databases to support creative engineering design.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:22

_id	0bc0
authors	Kellett, R., Brown, G.Z., Dietrich, K., Girling, C., Duncan, J., Larsen, K. and Hendrickson, E.
year	1997
title	THE ELEMENTS OF DESIGN INFORMATION FOR PARTICIPATION IN NEIGHBORHOOD-SCALE PLANNING
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1997.295
source	Design and Representation [ACADIA ‘97 Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-06-3] Cincinatti, Ohio (USA) 3-5 October 1997, pp. 295-304
summary	Neighborhood scale planning and design in many communities has been evolving from a rule-based process of prescriptive codes and regulation toward a principle- and performance-based process of negotiated priorities and agreements. Much of this negotiation takes place in highly focused and interactive workshop or 'charrette' settings, the best of which are characterized by a fluid and lively exchange of ideas, images and agendas among a diverse mix of citizens, land owners, developers, consultants and public officials. Crucial to the quality and effectiveness of the exchange are techniques and tools that facilitate a greater degree of understanding, communication and collaboration among these participants. Digital media have a significant and strategic role to play toward this end. Of particular value are representational strategies that help disentangle issues, clarify alternatives and evaluate consequences of very complex and often emotional issues of land use, planning and design. This paper reports on the ELEMENTS OF NEIGHBORHOOD, a prototype 'electronic notebook' (relational database) tool developed to bring design information and example 'to the table' of a public workshop. Elements are examples of the building blocks of neighborhood (open spaces, housing, commercial, industrial, civic and network land uses) derived from built examples, and illustrated with graphic, narrative and numeric representations relevant to planning, design, energy, environmental and economic performance. Quantitative data associated with the elements can be linked to Geographic Information based maps and spreadsheet based-evaluation models.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	diss_kim
id	diss_kim
authors	Kim, S.
year	1997
title	Version Management in Computer-Aided Architectural Design
source	Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
summary	This thesis introduces the requirements for version support in a computer-aided architectural design system which seeks to support the work of designers in the early stages of design. It addresses the problems of current computer-aided design systems when they are used for conceptual design. Perceiving the implications of mature technology, this thesis provides a model of version management. The model makes use of object-oriented technology to link the design process and the design artifacts in a dynamic manner, providing a powerful tool for conceptual design. By capturing design versions, and keeping track of multiple design sessions, designers will be able to reuse design ideas, and check on the progress of current design while the interruption of design thinking is minimized. The creation of the design history is considered to be the creation of the version history. By being able to navigate and modify the design history, the issues of design reuse, alternative designs, and the preservation of design information can be facilitated. This thesis presents a working prototype based on the version management model.
series	thesis:PhD
more	http://archmedia.yonsei.ac.kr/pdf/
last changed	2003/11/28 07:38

_id	01e7
authors	Kvan, Thomas
year	1997
title	Studio Teaching Without Meeting: Pedagogical Aspects of a Virtual Design Studio
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1997.163
source	CAADRIA ‘97 [Proceedings of the Second Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 957-575-057-8] Taiwan 17-19 April 1997, pp. 163-177
summary	Virtual Design Studios are proliferating. Schools of architecture are eagerly experimenting with the technology of the Internet. Discussions about Virtual Design Studios typically focus on technological issues – which hardware, what software – or environments – MOOs, ftp. Recently, some papers have been written on the perceptual issues and the social aspects of remote design collaborations, thus contributing to some of the contextual issues within which virtual studios are conducted. This paper contributes another perspective, presenting a review of the pedagogical issues raised in a VDS. It examines the difficulties and opportunities which present themselves in teaching a Virtual Design Studio. Based on reviews of problem-based learning and examinations of architectural studio learning, including several experiences in conducting virtual studios, the author considers the particularities of conducting a studio in the virtual world, the motivations for these studios, the experiences of students and the results obtained. From this background, the author identifies benefits and drawbacks of teaching in this manner, leading then to guidelines for framing and conducting effective and successful Virtual Design Studios and raises issues for further discussion.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ad21
authors	Laptali, E., Bouchlaghem, N. and Wild, S.
year	1997
title	Planning and estimating in practice and the use of integrated computer models
source	Automation in Construction 7 (1) (1997) pp. 71-76
summary	Research into IT applications in the construction industry has been going on for many years, most of this work took the form of system development aimed at assisting construction practitioners and aimed at improving processes in order to reduce the cost of building. Most of these developments tended to identify a problem in a sector of the industry and focused on using a certain technology in IT to provide a solution. This was often done without a proper investigation into the suitability and the acceptability of the technology to the end users (construction practitioners). Furthermore, most of the work was too focused on solving problems in isolation and did not consider the overall organisational framework and structure of the industry. This paper discusses and presents the results of a survey conducted to investigate the planning and estimating work practices in the industry in order to establish the important issues for the development of an integrated planning and estimating computer model. The survey established the important issues for the acceptability of computer models, the technical aspect to be addressed and a better working practice for estimating and planning. The technical aspect on which the computer model was based is the optimisation of the time and cost of building and the best work practice used is the integration of estimating and planning.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:22

_id	85db
authors	Li, Siu Pan Thomas and Will, Barry F.
year	1997
title	A Computer Based Evaluation Tool for the Visual Aspects in Window Design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1997.247
source	CAADRIA ‘97 [Proceedings of the Second Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 957-575-057-8] Taiwan 17-19 April 1997, pp. 247-256
summary	Windows in buildings must respond to five major issues – daylight, sunshine, view, ventilation and sound. Each of these processes in its own way can be critical to the synthesis of a successful architectural design. All factors except view are engineering criteria that can be evaluated by some mathematical formulae provided there is sufficient information for the calculations. In contrast view” being a qualitative entity has difficulty in being measured by using conventional mathematical tools but it is probably the major factor that leads to the satisfaction and comfort of the users inside the building enclosure. This paper introduces a new approach in analyzing views by the use of computers. One of the advantages of this analysis process is that the psychological aspects are less biased in the end product. This paper explains the methodologies, theories and principles underlying these modeling and analyzing tools.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	9e13
authors	Seward, D.W., Scott, J.N., Dixon, R., Findlay, J.D. and Kinniburgh, H.
year	1997
title	The automation of piling rig positioning using satellite GPS
source	Automation in Construction 6 (3) (1997) pp. 229-240
summary	The paper is divided in two parts. Part one describes the Stent Automatic Pile Positioning and Recording system (SAPPAR) which was launched in November 1994. The system utilises a Trimble satellite global positioning system (GPS) to assist rig drivers in accurately positioning the rig over a pile position without the need for setting out. Advantages of the system include: cost savings by removing the need for site survey staff; faster set-up times over pile positions; increased accuracy - the system can reliably position the rig to within ± 25 mm; removal of problems resulting from damage to setting out pins; constant monitoring of pile position; and Links to CAD for data input and as-built drawings. Part two describes a further development of the system in collaboration with Lancaster University and Casagrande, the Italian rig manufacturer. The aim of the research is to fully automate the final positioning process. This represents one of the first uses of GPS for real-time automation. The system hardware components include: ultra-compact PC104 processor cards for a compact and robust embedded system; minimum sensing on the rig to minimise cost and maximise robustness; and limit sensors to facilitate on-board safety. The control algorithms were developed on a fifth-scale model in the laboratory using an innovative and new approach to the design of model based control systems. The importance of careful consideration of safety issues is stressed and conclusions are drawn based on the early findings from preliminary field trials.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:23

_id	9
authors	Stipech, Alfredo
year	1998
title	Un Nuevo Horizonte Arquitectonico, Productivo e Intelectual (A New Architectural, Productive and Intelectual Horizon)
source	II Seminario Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-97190-0-X] Mar del Plata (Argentina) 9-11 september 1998, pp. 76-83
summary	This work presents the pedagogical experience of a Design Workshop that investigated the impact of the digital and analogic means on the architectonic design process This work was based on the research of Dr. Arch. Julio BermÝdez who also directed this workshop in 1997. This class was part of the Training Program organized by the "Centro de Informatica y Diseho" (CID) at the "Universidad Nacional del Litoral" FADU (Facultad de Arquitectura Diseho y Urbanismo) Santa Fe, Argentina and made possible by the ongoing International Program of Academic Exchange between the FADU and the (University of Utah Graduate School of Architecture (IPAE Project NO 4). The experimental studio utilized an architectural problem to study the procedural, technical, interpretative and theoretical issues associated with the relationship of contemporary media and design process. The pedagogical vehicle was a program that expresses in itself the meeting or collision between two cultures competing for dominance at the end of the millennium: the immemorial material culture (corporeal, tectonic) and the new and everyday more influent virtual culture (information, nets, media, simulation). The premise for the design process, communication and criticism was the constant migration between the digital and analog representation systems. Within this theoretical-practical context semantic aspects containing different representation modalities were used such as physical and electronic models along with systematic and sensitive drawings (manuals, pixels and with CAD). Hybrid interfaces took a leading role in the process since they allowed the communication between analog and digital media through the creative and technical interaction between scanner, video and computer. This architectural and media context generated an intense pedagogic environment fostering the development of creativity and a critical attitude while allowing concrete breakthroughs in the teaching process and format design. Our work reflects on these results showing examples of stud-go works and providing a final evaluation of this unique experience in Argentina.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 10:01

_id	ccc0
authors	Braithwaite, G., Radford, A., Huang, E. , Chang, T.W., Jones, D., Woodbury, R. and Sweeting, R.
year	1997
title	The Computer Modeling of Development Proposals: A Routine Part of Development Control
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1997.123
source	CAADRIA ‘97 [Proceedings of the Second Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 957-575-057-8] Taiwan 17-19 April 1997, pp. 123-132
summary	This paper describes and discusses the aims and practicalities involved in the computer modeling of contentious development applications becoming accepted as a routine part of the processes of development control. It uses three case studies drawn from the University of Adelaide’s work with the City of Adelaide in Australia to delineate the role of 3D computer models of proposed new buildings and their immediate surroundings in the public understanding of the streetscape, neighbourhood context, overshadowing and overlooking implications of the proposals.
keywords	3D City Modeling
series	CAADRIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	cabb
authors	Broughton, T., Tan, A. and Coates, P.S.
year	1997
title	The Use of Genetic Programming In Exploring 3D Design Worlds - A Report of Two Projects by Msc Students at CECA UEL
source	CAAD Futures 1997 [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-7923-4726-9] München (Germany), 4-6 August 1997, pp. 885-915
summary	Genetic algorithms are used to evolve rule systems for a generative process, in one case a shape grammar,which uses the "Dawkins Biomorph" paradigm of user driven choices to perform artificial selection, in the other a CA/Lindenmeyer system using the Hausdorff dimension of the resultant configuration to drive natural selection. (1) Using Genetic Programming in an interactive 3D shape grammar. A report of a generative system combining genetic programming (GP) and 3D shape grammars. The reasoning that backs up the basis for this work depends on the interpretation of design as search In this system, a 3D form is a computer program made up of functions (transformations) & terminals (building blocks). Each program evaluates into a structure. Hence, in this instance a program is synonymous with form. Building blocks of form are platonic solids (box, cylinder, etc.). A Variety of combinations of the simple affine transformations of translation, scaling, rotation together with Boolean operations of union, subtraction and intersection performed on the building blocks generate different configurations of 3D forms. Using to the methodology of genetic programming, an initial population of such programs are randomly generated,subjected to a test for fitness (the eyeball test). Individual programs that have passed the test are selected to be parents for reproducing the next generation of programs via the process of recombination. (2) Using a GA to evolve rule sets to achieve a goal configuration. The aim of these experiments was to build a framework in which a structure's form could be defined by a set of instructions encoded into its genetic make-up. This was achieved by combining a generative rule system commonly used to model biological growth with a genetic algorithm simulating the evolutionary process of selection to evolve an adaptive rule system capable of replicating any preselected 3D shape. The generative modelling technique used is a string rewriting Lindenmayer system the genes of the emergent structures are the production rules of the L-system, and the spatial representation of the structures uses the geometry of iso-spatial dense-packed spheres
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2003/11/21 15:16

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