CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id ga9921
id ga9921
authors Coates, P.S. and Hazarika, L.
year 1999
title The use of genetic programming for applications in the field of spatial composition
source International Conference on Generative Art
summary Architectural design teaching using computers has been a preoccupation of CECA since 1991. All design tutors provide their students with a set of models and ways to form, and we have explored a set of approaches including cellular automata, genetic programming ,agent based modelling and shape grammars as additional tools with which to explore architectural ( and architectonic) ideas.This paper discusses the use of genetic programming (G.P.) for applications in the field of spatial composition. CECA has been developing the use of Genetic Programming for some time ( see references ) and has covered the evolution of L-Systems production rules( coates 1997, 1999b), and the evolution of generative grammars of form (Coates 1998 1999a). The G.P. was used to generate three-dimensional spatial forms from a set of geometrical structures .The approach uses genetic programming with a Genetic Library (G.Lib) .G.P. provides a way to genetically breed a computer program to solve a problem.G. Lib. enables genetic programming to define potentially useful subroutines dynamically during a run .* Exploring a shape grammar consisting of simple solid primitives and transformations. * Applying a simple fitness function to the solid breeding G.P.* Exploring a shape grammar of composite surface objects. * Developing grammarsfor existing buildings, and creating hybrids. * Exploring the shape grammar of abuilding within a G.P.We will report on new work using a range of different morphologies ( boolean operations, surface operations and grammars of style ) and describe the use of objective functions ( natural selection) and the "eyeball test" ( artificial selection) as ways of controlling and exploring the design spaces thus defined.
series other
more http://www.generativeart.com/
last changed 2003/08/07 17:25

_id cabb
authors Broughton, T., Tan, A. and Coates, P.S.
year 1997
title The Use of Genetic Programming In Exploring 3D Design Worlds - A Report of Two Projects by Msc Students at CECA UEL
source CAAD Futures 1997 [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-7923-4726-9] München (Germany), 4-6 August 1997, pp. 885-915
summary Genetic algorithms are used to evolve rule systems for a generative process, in one case a shape grammar,which uses the "Dawkins Biomorph" paradigm of user driven choices to perform artificial selection, in the other a CA/Lindenmeyer system using the Hausdorff dimension of the resultant configuration to drive natural selection. (1) Using Genetic Programming in an interactive 3D shape grammar. A report of a generative system combining genetic programming (GP) and 3D shape grammars. The reasoning that backs up the basis for this work depends on the interpretation of design as search In this system, a 3D form is a computer program made up of functions (transformations) & terminals (building blocks). Each program evaluates into a structure. Hence, in this instance a program is synonymous with form. Building blocks of form are platonic solids (box, cylinder, etc.). A Variety of combinations of the simple affine transformations of translation, scaling, rotation together with Boolean operations of union, subtraction and intersection performed on the building blocks generate different configurations of 3D forms. Using to the methodology of genetic programming, an initial population of such programs are randomly generated,subjected to a test for fitness (the eyeball test). Individual programs that have passed the test are selected to be parents for reproducing the next generation of programs via the process of recombination. (2) Using a GA to evolve rule sets to achieve a goal configuration. The aim of these experiments was to build a framework in which a structure's form could be defined by a set of instructions encoded into its genetic make-up. This was achieved by combining a generative rule system commonly used to model biological growth with a genetic algorithm simulating the evolutionary process of selection to evolve an adaptive rule system capable of replicating any preselected 3D shape. The generative modelling technique used is a string rewriting Lindenmayer system the genes of the emergent structures are the production rules of the L-system, and the spatial representation of the structures uses the geometry of iso-spatial dense-packed spheres
series CAAD Futures
email
last changed 2003/11/21 15:16

_id d869
authors Chu, C.-C., Dani, T.H. and Gadh, R.
year 1997
title Multi-sensory user interface for a virtual-reality-based computer-aided design system
source Computer-Aided Design, Vol. 29 (10) (1997) pp. 709-725
summary The generation of geometric shapes called `geometric concept designs' via the multi-sensory user interface of a virtual reality (VR) based system motivates the currentresearch. In this new VR-based system, geometric designs can be more effectively inputted into the computer in a physically intuitive way. The interaction mechanism issimilar to the way in which industrial designers sit and discuss concept design shapes across a table from each other, prior to making a final decision about the productdetails. By using different sensory modalities, such as voice, hand motions and gestures, product designers can convey design ideas through the VR-basedcomputer-aided design (CAD) system. In this scenario, the multi-sensory interface between human and computer plays a central role with respect to usability, usefulnessand accuracy. The current paper focuses on determining the requirements for the multi-sensory user interface and assessing the applications of different input and outputmechanisms in the virtual environment (VE). In order to evaluate this multi-sensory user interface, this paper formulates the typical activities in product shape design intoa set of requirements for the VR-CAD system. On the basis of these requirements, we interviewed typical CAD users about the effectiveness of using different sensoryinput and output interaction mechanisms such as visual, auditory and tactile. According to the results of these investigations, a nodal network of design activity thatdefines the multi-sensory user interface of the VR-CAD system is determined in the current research. The VR-CAD system is still being developed. However, voicecommand input, hand motion input, three-dimensional visual output and auditory output have been successfully integrated into the current system. Moreover, severalmechanical parts have been successfully created through the VR interface. Once designers use the VR-CAD system that we are currently developing, the interfacerequirements determined in the current paper may be verified or refined. The objectives of the current research are to expand the frontiers of product design and establisha new paradigm for the VR-based conceptual shape design system.
keywords Virtual Reality, Multi-Sensory User Interface, Conceptual Shape Design, Sensory Interaction Mechanism
series journal paper
last changed 2003/05/15 21:33

_id c2c6
authors Hendricx , Ann
year 1997
title Shape, Space And Building Element: Development of a Conceptual Object Model for the Design Process
source Challenges of the Future [15th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-3-0] Vienna (Austria) 17-20 September 1997
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1997.x.g4l
summary The paper describes the first steps taken in the search for a central object model presenting all possible data, concepts and operations concerning the architectural design process.  From the early design stage, an architectural model can be built on computer.  A central object model of this process is essential: a model describing geometrical shapes, spaces, building elements and user activities, together with all the basic operations these entities can undertake.  The model could provide the necessary information for the performance of tests to assist the designer (energy calculation, stability check, costs ...).  Appropriate interfaces between the object model and existing software packages allow different actors in the design process to make use of the model’s data. First, the conceptual model for CAAD in the design process is described. The second part deals with the methodology used for developing the object model: M.E.R.O.DE (Model-driven Entity-Relationship Object-oriented Development) proves to be a firm base to start our design.  Finally, we present some aspects of the first prototype for such a central object model.
keywords Object Model, CAAD, Object-oriented
series eCAADe
email
more http://info.tuwien.ac.at/ecaade/proc/hendricx/hendricx.htm
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id diss_ruhl
id diss_ruhl
authors Ruhl, Volker R.
year 1997
title Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing of Complex Shaped Concrete Formwork
source Doctor of Design Thesis, Graduate School of Design, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
summary The research presented in this thesis challenges the appropriateness of existing, conventional forming practices in the building construction industry--both in situ or in prefabrication--for building concrete "freeforms," as they are characterized by impracticality and limitations in achieved geometric/formal quality. The author's theory proposes the application of alternative, non-traditional construction methods derived from the integration of information technology, in the form of Computer-Aided Design (CAD), Engineering (CAE) and Manufacturing (CAM), into the concrete tooling and placing process. This concept relies on a descriptive shape model of a physically non-existent building element which serves as a central database containing all the geometric data necessary to completely and accurately inform design development activities as well as the construction process. For this purpose, the thesis orients itself on existing, functioning models in manufacturing engineering and explores the broad spectrum of computer-aided manufacturing techniques applied in this industry. A two-phase, combined method study is applied to support the theory. Part I introduces the phenomenon of "complexity" in the architectural field, defines the goal of the thesis research and gives examples of complex shape. It also presents the two analyzed technologies: concrete tooling and automation technology. For both, it establishes terminology, classifications, gives insight into the state-of-the-art, and describes limitations. For concrete tooling it develops a set of quality criteria. Part II develops a theory in the form of a series of proposed "non-traditional" forming processes and concepts that are derived through a synthesis of state-of-the-art automation with current concrete forming and placing techniques, and describes them in varying depth, in both text and graphics, on the basis of their geometric versatility and their appropriateness for the proposed task. Emphasis is given to the newly emerging and most promising Solid Freeform Fabrication processes, and within this area, to laser-curing technology. The feasibility of using computer-aided formwork design, and computer-aided formwork fabrication in today's standard building practices is evaluated for this particular technology on the basis of case-studies. Performance in the categories of process, material, product, lead time and economy is analyzed over the complete tooling cycle and is compared to the performance of existing, conventional forming systems for steel, wood, plywood veneer and glassfiber reinforced plastic; value s added to the construction process and/or to the formwork product through information technology are pointed out and become part of the evaluation. For this purpose, an analytical framework was developed for testing the performance of various Solid Freeform Fabrication processes as well as the "sensitivity," or the impact of various influencing processes and/or product parameters on lead time and economy. This tool allows us to make various suggestions for optimization as well as to formulate recommendations and guidelines for the implementation of this technology. The primary objective of this research is to offer architects and engineers unprecedented independence from planar, orthogonal building geometry, in the realization of design ideas and/or design requirements for concrete structures and/or their components. The interplay between process-oriented design and innovative implementation technology may ultimately lead to an architecture conceived on a different level of complexity, with an extended form-vocabulary and of high quality.
series thesis:PhD
last changed 2005/09/09 12:58

_id 23ea
authors Seebohm, Thomas and Wallace, William
year 1997
title Rule - Based Representation Of Design In Architectural Practice
source Design and Representation [ACADIA ‘97 Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-06-3] Cincinatti, Ohio (USA) 3-5 October 1997, pp. 251-264
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1997.251
summary It is suggested that expert systems storing the design knowledge of particular offices in terms of stylistic and construction practice provide a means to take considerably more advantage of information technology than currently. The form of the knowledge stored by such expert systems is a building representation in the form of rules stating how components are placed in three-dimensional space relative to each other. By describing how Frank Lloyd Wright designed his Usonian houses it is demonstrated that the proposed approach is very much in the spirit of distinguished architectural practice. To illustrate this idea, a system for assembling three-dimensional architectural details is presented with particular emphasis on the nature of the rules and the form of the building components created by the rules to assemble typical details. The nature of the rules, which are a three-dimensional adaptation of Stiny's shape grammars, is described. In particular, it is shown how the rules themselves are structured into different classes, what the nature of these classes is and how specific rules can be obtained from more general rules. The rules embody a firm's collective design experience in detailing. As a conclusion, an overview is given of architectural practice using rule-based representations.

series ACADIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:56

_id d46d
authors Takahashi, S., Shinagawa, Y. and Kunii, T.L.
year 1997
title A Feature-Based Approach for Smooth Surfaces
source Proceedings of Fourth Symposium on Solid Modeling, pp. 97-110
summary Feature-based representation has become a topic of interest in shape modeling techniques. Such feature- based techniques are, however, still restricted to polyhedral shapes, and none has been done on smooth sur- faces. This paper presents a new feature-based ap- proach for smooth surfaces. Here, the smooth surfaces are assumed to be 2-dimensional @differentiable manifolds within a theoretical framework. As the shape features, critical points such as peaks, pits, and passes are used. We also use a critical point graph called the R.eeb graph to represent the topological skeletons of a smooth object. Since the critical points have close relations with the entities of B-reps, the framework of thtx B-reps can easily be applied to our approach. In our method, the shape design process begins with specifying the topological skeletons using the Reeb graph. The Reeb graph is edited by pasting the enti- ties called cells that have one-to-one correspondences with the critical points. In addition to the topological skeletons, users also design the geometry of the objects with smooth surfaces by specifying the flow curves that run on the object surface. From these flow curves, the system automatically creates a control network that encloses the object shape. The surfaces are interpolated from the control network by minimizing the allergy function subject to the deformation of the surfaces using variational optimization.
series other
last changed 2003/04/23 15:50

_id 6707
authors Jakimowicz, A., Barrallo, J. and Guedes, E.M.
year 1997
title Spatial Computer Abstraction: From Intuition to Genetic Algorithms
source CAAD Futures 1997 [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-7923-4726-9] München (Germany), 4-6 August 1997, pp. 917-926
summary Many of the emblematic buildings constructed at present shows many formal and technological innovations that have not been satisfactorily resolved by the existing CAAD software. Frank 0. Gehry's Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao is a good example of architecture whose shapes and design are very advanced from the concepts and tools used by CAAD. The search for new creative resources, from the educational and professional point of view, must be a priority. This will be the only way to get that CAAD contributes essentially in the process of architectural innovation, instead of merely being a reproduction tool. From this viewpoint the computer exploration of the three dimensional form is presented in here. The concept of abstract art, that has been successfully applied to painting and sculpture in this century is used as a way to experiment, design and create architecture. This paper juxtaposes three approaches, three different ways of understanding the abstract character, with the purpose to create new objects and environments, which are exclusively characteristic for computer space. This juxtaposition shows how creative and innovative activities in the field of CAAD can be developed using different intellectual bases: intuition, mathematical formulas and genetic algorithms.
series CAAD Futures
email
last changed 1999/04/06 09:19

_id c79d
authors Pinet, Celine
year 1997
title Design Evaluation Based on Virtual Representation of Spaces
source Design and Representation [ACADIA ‘97 Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-06-3] Cincinatti, Ohio (USA) 3-5 October 1997, pp. 111-120
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1997.111
summary When spaces are evaluated, clients and architects often discuss design proposals by looking down at scale models. This overhead perspective forces viewers to imagine themselves looking and moving about within the model. Misperceptions may well result from such a point of view. With the advancement in virtual reality (VR) technology, and with its rising popularity in architecture, it is becoming plausible to consider using VR to evaluate design projects.

The projects presented here are of three types: (1.) The first project compares people's evaluation of several slightly modified virtual models of a space. (2.) The second project compares how people evaluate a foam core model of a space to how they evaluate a virtual representation of the same space (3.) The third project compares people's evaluation of a real space to that of a virtual representation of this space. //

The wide range of results presented provides one argument in support of using VR simulations to study spaces and how they are perceived. For example, results shows that a virtual window serves to alleviate perceived crowding and that added furniture serves to make a virtual room feel slightly larger and less constraining. However, problems did emerge with using virtual reality simulations to gain information about peoples' behavioral reactions to a space. Thus, not all circumstances under which VR representations are used creates valid results. Differences appear to be in the type of evaluations measured (e.g. dimensional versus behavioral). More research is needed to clarify this issue.

series ACADIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 08:00

_id ed09
authors Chang, Teng Wen and Woodbury, Robert F.
year 1997
title Efficient Design Spaces of Non-Manifold Solids
source CAADRIA ‘97 [Proceedings of the Second Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 957-575-057-8] Taiwan 17-19 April 1997, pp. 335-344
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1997.335
summary One widely accepted metaphor in design research is search or, equivalently, exploration which likens design to intelligent movement through a possibly infinite space of alternatives. In this metaphor, designers search design spaces, explore possibilities, discover new designs, and recall and adapt existing designs. We give the name design space explorers to computer programs that support exploration. This paper describes an efficient representation of states comprising three-dimensional non-manifold solid models and of design spaces made from such states.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:56

_id 0992
authors Belibani, R. and Gadola, A.
year 1997
title On Digital Architecture
source Challenges of the Future [15th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-3-0] Vienna (Austria) 17-20 September 1997
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1997.x.r1n
summary One of the main aims of this research was to highlight the influence of computer as a designing tool. Their wide acceptance as drawing tools might occult the importance of their role in architectural design. We will try to apprehend, with the help of synthetic images, that computers mark a historic step forward in drawing and representation, as well as a major progress in the understanding of creative processes.

Together these features offer a broader horizon to architectural design. New source of inspiration can be found in virtual reality that makes visible what does not really exist, permitting design to suggest itself with its primordial image. We mean a kind of architectural imprint, where the first three-dimensional lines suggest in some way the designer with their shape, and encourage the definition process.

Through the visualisation of some images, it is possible to show the modifications of language and style, to examine the transformation modalities of the design process and to propose an essay of the new methods to communicate architecture.

series eCAADe
email
more http://info.tuwien.ac.at/ecaade/proc/belibani/belibani.htm
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id 817b
authors Bong, C.W. and Wang, Y.C.
year 2002
title A Shape Compactness Measurement Indexing with Fuzzy Multicriteria Decision Making Approach
source CAADRIA 2002 [Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 983-2473-42-X] Cyberjaya (Malaysia) 18–20 April 2002, pp. 093-100
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2002.093
summary Compactness of a district or zone is determined by considering its appearance and the area of dispersal of the district (Altman, 1998) and it is used as a characteristic to describe shape (Shiode, 1998; Knight, 1997). However, existing compactness measurement used to assess district plans in redistricting applications are vague and imprecision although there are more than thirty over Euclidean or non-Euclidean measurement methods. Therefore, this paper presents an integrated shape compactness measurement indexing with a fuzzy multicriteria decision making approach (FMCDM) to enhance the measurement of shape compactness. An experiment is conducted in order to verify the practically of the proposed model to improve existing compactness measurement method.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id b656
authors Chase, S.C.
year 1997
title Logic based design modeling with shape algebras
source Automation in Construction 6 (4) (1997) pp. 311-322
summary A new method of describing designs by combining the paradigms of shape algebras and predicate logic representations is presented. Representing shapes and spatial relations in logic provides a natural, intuitive method of developing complete computer systems for reasoning about designs. The advantages of shape algebra formalisms over more traditional representations of geometric objects are discussed. The method employed involves the definition of a large set of high level design relations from a small set of simple structures and spatial relations. Examples in architecture and geographic information systems are illustrated.
series journal paper
more http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed 2003/05/15 21:22

_id 47fc
authors Costanzo, E., De Vecchi, A., Di Miceli, C. and Giacchino, V.
year 1997
title A Software for Automatically Verifying Compatibility in Complicated Building Assemblies
source Challenges of the Future [15th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-3-0] Vienna (Austria) 17-20 September 1997
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1997.x.q4q
summary The research we are carrying on is intended to develop a tool aiding to design building mechanical assembly systems, which are often characterised by high complexity levels. In fact, when designing complicated building assemblies by making use of common graphical representations, it might be impossible for the operator to choose the proper shape and installation sequence of components so that they do not interfere during the assembly, and to check, in the meantime, the most favorable setting up modalities according to execution problems. Our software, running within CAD, by starting from the definition of the node features, will allow the operator to automatically get three types of representation that can simulate the assembly according to the assigned installation sequence: - instant images of the phases for setting up each component into the node; - 3D views showing the position of each component disassembled from the node and indicating the movements required for connection; - the components moving while the node is being constructed. All the representations can be updated step by step each time modifications to the node are made. Through this digital iterative design process - that takes advantage of various simultaneous and realistic prefigurations - the shape and function compatibility between the elements during the assembling can be verified. Furthermore, the software can quickly check whether any change and integration to the node is efficacious, rising the approximation levels in the design phase. At the moment we have developed the part of the tool that simulates the assembly by moving the components into the nodes according to the installation sequence.
series eCAADe
more http://info.tuwien.ac.at/ecaade/proc/costanzo/costanzo.htm
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id b3b1
authors Ebrahim, Mostafa Abdel-Bary
year 1997
title Application and evaluation of digital image techniques in close range photogrammetry
source University of Innsbruck
summary Most of the orthomapping techniques that are used in the present are restricted to surfaces that arise from a function of 'ground co- ordinates' z = f (x, y) , so-called 2.5D objects. Some techniques are also restricted to surfaces with kind of smooth shape or even to regular surfaces, but all of them are established to rectify images (although increasingly digitally). A new approach has been established for digital restitution and orthomapping of close range objects of almost any shape and size and with almost no restriction to images or objects. The idea of this approach is an inversion of the photographic technique and is (on the contrary to the 'rectification approach') strictly object oriented. All of the objects are regarded to be describable in their geometrical shape by a number of particular faces that can be regular or irregular but can anyway be created in a CAD environment. The data needed to get this surface can come from any photogrammetric, tachometric or other source with any particular one wants to have for the results. All the details that lie on that surface don't have to be restituted by analog or analytical point measurement but can after that be projected onto this surface from any photo, from any side and with any camera they have been taken. A 'Digital Projector' does the projection of the photos from the same positions and with the same inner orientation as of photographic camera. Using this approach any measurements of any details on the facades can be done easily. No details of the object can be neglected, none can be forgotten, no prior filtering of details has preceded this using. The full information of the original photos is available in the results. The results of the restitution can be presented in many ways. One of them is create orthoimages in any scale. Other results are any perspective or parallel view of the object. Other use of the strict 3D map-covered object for visualization (e.g. in architecture and archaeology application) is possible  
keywords Digital Image; Digital Projector; Close Range Photogrammetry; Architectural Photogrammetry; 2.5d Objects; Visualization
series thesis:PhD
email
more http://www.arcs.ac.at/dissdb/rn027356
last changed 2003/02/12 22:37

_id 3dd3
authors Gero, J.S. and Damski, J.
year 1997
title A symbolic model for shape emergence
source Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 24 : 509-526
summary This paper presents a shape representation at the symbolic level that extends the properties of shape in 2D and 3D using the same formalism. This representation is based on the concept of infinite maximal lines and planes. Constraints on their properties are used to define shapes and objects. A process model of shape emergence which relies on this representation is developed. Data-driven and hypothesis-driven approaches to shape and object emergence are demonstrated.
keywords Shape Emergence
series other
email
last changed 2003/04/06 08:46

_id cda8
authors Gero, John S. and Cha, Myung Yeol
year 1997
title Computable Representations of Patterns in Architectural Shapes
source CAADRIA ‘97 [Proceedings of the Second Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 957-575-057-8] Taiwan 17-19 April 1997, pp. 377-388
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1997.377
summary This paper develops a schema theory based approach to the representation of patterns in architectural shapes. This representation is capable of computer implementation. The adequacy of any representation is critical for information processing in computer-aided design. Shape representation using shape elements and spatial relationships are elaborated and the construction of shape schemas and characteristics of shape schema are investigated. A representation for patterns in architectural shapes is demonstrated.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:51

_id 082c
authors Gero, John S. and Park, Soo-Hoon
year 1997
title Computable Feature-Based Qualitative Modeling of Shape
source CAAD Futures 1997 [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-7923-4726-9] München (Germany), 4-6 August 1997, pp. 821-830
summary This paper introduces and describes a qualitative approach to the modeling of shapes applicable at the early stage of designing. The approach is based on using qualitative codes at landmarks to describe shapes. These strings of codes can be analysed to determine patterns which map onto features. An analogy with language is drawn to assist in articulating the modeling ideas. An example is presented which demonstrates the utility of the approach.
series CAAD Futures
email
last changed 2003/08/07 14:07

_id 6731
authors Gero, John S. and Park, Soon Hoon
year 1997
title Qualitative Representation of Shape and Space for Computer-Aided Architectural Design
source CAADRIA ‘97 [Proceedings of the Second Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 957-575-057-8] Taiwan 17-19 April 1997, pp. 323-334
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1997.323
summary In this paper we develop and describe a qualitative representation scheme for shapes which has the capacity to be utilised in the mappings to the semantics of spaces. The representation is founded on three types of qualitative codes based on landmark values for fundamental shape attributes. Qualitative values for these codes can vary to control the granularity of the representation. Structures in the resultant codings, which are the qualitative representation, can be analyzed to produce generic categories of shape features which provide a connection with "feature-based” models.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:51

_id ascaad2014_003
id ascaad2014_003
authors Parlac, Vera
year 2014
title Surface Dynamics: From dynamic surface to agile spaces
source Digital Crafting [7th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2014 / ISBN 978-603-90142-5-6], Jeddah (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia), 31 March - 3 April 2014, pp. 39-48
summary Behavior, adaptation and responsiveness are characteristics of live organisms; architecture on the other hand is structurally, materially and functionally constructed. With the shift from ‘mechanical’ towards ‘organic’ paradigm (Mae-Wan Ho, 1997) attitude towards architectural adaptation, behavior and performance is shifting as well. This change is altering a system of reference and conceptual basis for architecture by suggesting the integration of dynamics – dynamics that don’t address kinetic movement only but include flows of energies, material and information. This paper presents an ongoing research into kinetic material system with the focus on non-mechanical actuation (shape memory alloy) and the structural and material behavior. It proposes an adaptive surface capable of altering its shape and forming small occupiable spaces that respond to external and internal influences and flows of information. The adaptive structure is developed as a physical and digital prototype. Its behavior is examined at a physical level and the findings are used to digitally simulate the behavior of the larger system. The design approach is driven by an interest in adaptive systems in nature and material variability (structural and functional) of naturally constructed materials. The broader goal of the research is to test the scale at which shape memory alloy can be employed as an actuator of dynamic architectural surfaces and to speculate on and explore the capacity of active and responsive systems to produce adaptable surfaces that can form occupiable spaces and with that, added functionalities in architectural and urban environments.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2016/02/15 13:09

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