CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id 7
authors Bermudez, Julio
year 1998
title Interaccion de Medios y Proceso De DiseÒo: Teoria y Base de Conocimientos Para una Produccion Arquitectonica Hibrida (Interaction of Design Media and Process: Theory and Knowledge Base for in the Production of Architectural Hybrids)
source II Seminario Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-97190-0-X] Mar del Plata (Argentina) 9-11 september 1998, pp. 56-65
summary Integrating computers in architectural design means to negotiate between centuries-old analog design methods and the new digital systems of production. The difficulty lies in the underdeveloped state of the necessary methods, techniques, and theories to relate traditional and new media. Recent investigations on the use of multiple iterations between manual and electronic systems to advance architectural work show promising results. However, these experiments have not yet either developed a theoretical base that connects their procedures to a larger conceptual framework nor been sufficiently cross-referenced and third party tested to conform a reliable knowledge base. This paper addresses the first shortcoming in the light of the forces transforming our contemporary civilization and architecture.
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id 6397
authors Marx, John
year 1998
title A Proposal for Alternative Methodologies in Teaching Digital Design
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1998.058
source Digital Design Studios: Do Computers Make a Difference? [ACADIA Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-07-1] Québec City (Canada) October 22-25, 1998, pp. 58-73
summary Computers have the potential to radically change the process of architectural design, and match more closely the formal aspirations of contemporary designers. What, then, should be the direction educators take in response to the opportunities created by the use of computers in the design process? There are, perhaps, two obvious methods of teaching Digital Design at a university level; a course adjunct to a design studio, or a course offered independently of a design studio. The computer is a facilitator of design ideas, but by itself, is not a creator of content. The primary responsibility of the design studio is the creation of content. It is the implementation of theory and critical analysis which should be the core concern of studio instruction. Given the limited time students are exposed to design studio it would seem appropriate, then, that the digital tools, which facilitate the design process, be taught separately, so as not to dilute the design studios importance. Likewise, this separation should allow the student to concentrate attention on Digital Design as a comprehensive process, beginning with initial massing studies and ending with high resolution presentation drawings. The burden of learning this new process is difficult as well as time consuming. Students are generally struggling to learn how to design, much less to design on the computer. In addition, the current lack of digital skills on the part of design faculty makes it difficult to create a level of consistency in teaching digital design. Compounding these problems is the cost to architectural departments of providing hardware and software resources sufficient to have a computer on every studio desk.
series ACADIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:59

_id 46
authors MuÒoz , Patricia and Coronel, Juan LÛpez
year 1998
title Las Cuentas Pendientes del CAD con la Generacion de Formas Curvas Para DiseÒo (The Pending Balance of CAD with the Generation of Curved Forms for Design)
source II Seminario Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-97190-0-X] Mar del Plata (Argentina) 9-11 september 1998, pp. 342-349
summary In the modelling process of curve shapes, some conic lines have been privileged to the point that they have become tools in CAD systems: circumferences and ellipses. Others have been ignored to the point of being excluded: parabolas and hyperbolas. Important reasons make this rescue convenient. One of those is that these curves are frequently used in design because of their distinct identification. In theory, modern "splines" and "nurbs" cover the whole range of whatever a designer might want to draw (as far as curve shapes are concerned). However, its structuring capacity cannot be compared to that of conic lines. To have all the conceivable curves and to lack the possibility of organizing them, restricts its morphological potentialities. There is a set of notable curves, among others lemiscates, spirals and Cassinian ovals, that keep waiting for new technologies to give them the possibility of existence. Though these lines have a high aesthetic and graphic value, they are not frequently included in projects. This is not because they are unsuitable, but because there are not simple possibilities of drawing them. We expect graphic computing will fill this empty place, so that these shapes become part of our habitat.
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:55

_id e78b
authors Akin, O. and Akin, C.
year 1998
title On the process of creativity in puzzles, inventions, and designs
source Automation in Construction 7 (2-3) (1998) pp. 123-138
summary The most common means of identifying creativity has been through its products. In architecture, music, writing, art, even puzzle solving and scientific discovery, the prerequisite for considering creativity has been the presence of a creative product. Alternatively, anecdotal descriptions have been used to identify processes that are considered creative. Many scientific discoveries have been linked to a sudden realization or unexplainable revelation punctuated with the AHA! response. Outside of the creative product itself and the AHA! response, the kinds of concrete evidence that point to the process of creativity are precious few. Our purpose here is to further examine these phenomena and develop hypotheses about the nature of the creative process. Our ultimate aim is to develop a general theory of creativity. We intend to base this theory on a set of conditions that are necessary for the creative process to take place in a number of domains: puzzles, scientific discoveries, and design, with special emphasis on architectural design.
series journal paper
more http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed 2003/05/15 21:22

_id ascaad2006_paper19
id ascaad2006_paper19
authors Arjun, G. and J. Plume
year 2006
title Collaborative Architectural Design as a reflective Conversation: an agent facilitated system to support collaborative conceptual design
source Computing in Architecture / Re-Thinking the Discourse: The Second International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2006), 25-27 April 2006, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
summary In this paper, definitions of collaborative design are discussed and understood in terms of a designer’s cognitive collaborations to explore his/her experiential memory for remote idea associations. Based on Schon’s reflective practice theory, Valkenburg and Dorst’s (1998) description of collaborative team designing is adopted as a model for a proposed design conversation system. The design conversation system is aimed at triggering the experiential memory of the designer by associating significant ideas from different design domains to provide different perspectives of a design situation. The paper describes a proposed framework for the design conversation system incorporating computational agents in a blackboard architecture environment.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2007/04/08 19:47

_id 4c8a
authors Ball, L.J., Maskill, L. and Ormerod, T.C.
year 1998
title Satisficing in engineering design: causes, consequences and implications for design support
source Automation in Construction 7 (2-3) (1998) pp. 213-227
summary We describe an approach to investigating design cognition which involved comparing prescriptive theories of good design practice with observations of actual design behaviour. The tenet of prescriptive theory which formed the focus of the research is the idea that designers should generate and evaluate multiple design alternatives in order to increase the chances of attaining better design solutions than might arise if they fixated upon an initial solution. Our study focused upon six professional electronic engineers attempting a novel integrated-circuit design problem. Verbal-protocol data revealed: (i) a failure to search for alternative solutions; (ii) a marked inclination to stick with early `satisficing' solution ideas even when these were showing deficiencies; and (iii) only superficial modelling and assessment of competing alternatives when such options were actually considered. We argue that while minimal solution search in design may sometimes be caused by motivational factors and working-memory limitations, its major determinant relates to inhibitory memory processes that arise subsequent to the recognition-based emergence of familiar design solutions. We conclude by exploring the implications of minimal solution search for design support, with particular reference to an agent-based indexing system which we are developing in order to facilitate the pursuit of design alternatives in engineering contexts.
series journal paper
more http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed 2003/05/15 21:22

_id 4
authors Bollinger, Elizabeth and Alvarado, Rodrigo Garcia
year 1998
title Archetypes as Precedent of Virtual Architectures
source II Seminario Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-97190-0-X] Mar del Plata (Argentina) 9-11 september 1998, pp. 32-35
summary Archetypes are psychological concepts described by the renowned Swiss psychologist Cari Jung. It is possible identify archetypal forms in eminent buildings of different regions and ages, recognizing archetypes as a multi-cultural liaison for various architectures. These concepts function as basic precedents of spatial design in different geographical and historical contexts. The emerging digital culture is establishing a plethora of virtual environments, through web-pages of the Internet, global TV, multimedia CD, video games and immersive devices. These virtual environments offer electronic activities and tools for architectural practice. In both senses, virtual architectures conforms to the visual and spatial characteristics of technologies. Thus, electronic capabilities establish digital habitats and references to contemporary architecture. Since virtual architectures are immaterial constructions, perceptual properties guide the spatial and formal design. In that sense, archetypes allow a basic vocabulary for the design of virtual architectures, linking them to cultural history and giving them a human orientation.
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id 2a12
authors Burry, Mark and More, Gregory
year 1998
title Representation, Realism and Computer Generated Architectural Animation
source Cyber-Real Design [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 83-905377-2-9] Bialystock (Poland), 23-25 April 1998, pp. 241-249
summary This paper documents a simple architectural form which, but for computer generated animation, has no ready alternative explanatory process for its complex generation. The subject is a column in the nave of the Sagrada Familia Church in Barcelona conceived by Gaudí at the beginning of this century without the contemporary opportunities for animated design exploration. The column is based on a set of counter-rotating mutually interfering profiles. As the column gains height, the profiles increase in interference with each other resulting in an increasingly fluted cross section, a tendency towards the Doric Order. For most, however, there is no easy access to a plausible explanation of the inherent rationale for the column. Animating the generation of the column reveals a unique and concealed sublimation of natural patterns of growth. Animation aids an understanding of the effect of the fourth dimension on design itself by releasing a meaning of time from an otherwise inanimate object. Here animation is used to decipher one aspect of the mystery of Gaudí's design while strengthening another: the source and conceptual power of Gaudí to anticipate this phenomenon. Rather than trivialising this design mystery, the explanatory role of the animation enriches comprehension of the formal concept of mutation through displacement or an evolutionary design paradigm. The paper discuss the implications of this ability to show transition, translation and dislocation without delving too deeply into how the animation was made, nor indeed the subject which, after all, requires animation to fully represent its less tangible qualities.
series plCAD
email
last changed 2003/05/17 10:01

_id ddss2004_d-1
id ddss2004_d-1
authors Cerovsek, T. and B. Martens
year 2004
title On the Extended Use of Citations in CAAD
source Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Developments in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Eindhoven: Eindhoven University of Technology, ISBN 90-6814-155-4, p. 1-17
summary This paper discusses the extended use of the Cumulative Index of CAAD (CUMINCAD) - a digital library set up in 1998 serving the CAAD-community as an important source of scientific information with over 6.000 recorded entries published on-line. The aim of this paper is to elaborate a related Citation Index to CUMINCAD - with over 20.000 references - and to provide information on entries with an exceptional high impact in the CUMINCAD database. The importance is determined through its use (citing) in the framework of afterwards published scientific materials. By utilizing graph theory methods extensive citation analyses will be presented illustrating the impact of particular contributions in different research topics.
keywords Scientific Knowledge Management, Retrospective CAAD Research, Graph Theory, CAAD-Related Publications, Web-Based Bibliographic Database
series DDSS
last changed 2004/07/03 22:13

_id a2b0
id a2b0
authors Charitos, Dimitrios
year 1998
title The architectural aspect of designing space in virtual environments
source University of Strathclyde, Dept. of Architecure and Building Science
summary This thesis deals with the architectural aspect of virtual environment design. It aims at proposing a framework, which could inform the design of three-dimensional content for defining space in virtual environments, in order to aid navigation and wayfinding. The use of such a framework in the design of certain virtual environments is considered necessary for imposing a certain form and structure to our spatial experience in there.

Firstly, this thesis looks into literature from the fields of architectural and urban design theory, philosophy, environmental cognition, perceptual psychology and geography for the purpose of identifying a taxonomy of spatial elements and their structure in the real world, on the basis of the way that humans think about and remember real environments. Consequently, the taxonomy, proposed for space in the real world is adapted to the intrinsic characteristics of space in virtual environments, on the basis of human factors aspects of virtual reality technology. As a result, the thesis proposes a hypothetical framework consisting of a taxonomy of spatial and space-establishing elements that a virtual environment may comprise and of the possible structure of these elements.

Following this framework, several pilot virtual environments are designed, for the purpose of identifying key design issues for evaluation. As it was impossible to evaluate the whole framework, six specific design issues, which have important implications for the design of space in virtual environments, are investigated by experimental methods of research. Apart from providing answers to these specific design issues, the experimental phase leads to a better understanding of the nature of space in virtual environments and to several hypotheses for future empirical research.

series thesis:PhD
email
last changed 2003/10/29 21:37

_id ddss9813
id ddss9813
authors Cordan, Ozge and Besgen, Asu
year 1998
title No Times But Principles, A Case Study From Priene, Anatolia
source Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary To emphasise the reusing of the local identities and cultural effects on contemporary designs, this paper is believed to have an important role for architects and for further designs. In this paper design theories in 1000's BC from Priene is held. The theories in urban and architectural design took place. From the intersection point of Ancient Greek and Western Anatolia, a city named "Priene" is chosen as a point of view because of its speciallocation on the Aegean Sea Coasts; Asia Minor and its design principles on urban and housing scale which were used during 1000's and are still common. Also, in this paper, an analysis is done on urban and housing scale. The analysis has two main parts. In the first part, the important buildings in Priene and their settlement decisions take part. And in the second part, the houses of Priene are explained. The general outputs of the study can be put under two titles: urbanism and architecture. In terms of urbanism, those features of a city image reflecting onto today’s world have been examined and the city of Priene has been analysed in the content of Lynch’s elements ensuring formation of a city image. In terms of architecture, results obtained have been separately examined in the content of today’s architecture as public buildings reflecting unique characteristics of Hellenistic architecture and as settlements. In short, the result that it is wished to reach in terms of city scale of the city of Priene in this study isthe expression of the essence of the historical heritage using a modern language to ensure historical continuity.
series DDSS
last changed 2003/08/07 16:36

_id 38af
authors Demirkan, H.
year 1998
title Integration of reasoning systems in architectural modeling activities
source Automation in Construction 7 (2-3) (1998) pp. 229-236
summary In the first phase of a design process, the designer understands the problem and assimilates it to a conceptual framework that is already known to him. Due to the nature of design problems, the reasoning methods and techniques for modeling are not uniform and clear. An integrated reasoning system is proposed for modeling the architectural processes. Such a system may help designers to make decisions based on past experiences as well as domain theory. The performance of the integration approach is compared with the pure case-based and rule-based reasoning systems to study the efficiency and effectiveness in the same domains. The study tried to identify the reasoning systems used by designers pertaining to the interior design applications.
series journal paper
more http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed 2003/05/15 21:22

_id 2de0
authors Dobson, Adrian
year 1998
title Exploring Conceptual Design using CAD Visualisation and Virtual Reality Modelling
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1998.068
source Computerised Craftsmanship [eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Paris (France) 24-26 September 1998, pp. 68-71
summary This paper evaluates the possibilities for the use of computer aided design and desktop virtual reality technologies as tools for architectural composition. An experimental teaching programme involving undergraduate architectural students at the University of Luton, in which aspects of compositional theory are explored through the direct creation of architectural form and space in digital formats is described. In the programme principles of architectural composition, based upon the ordering and organisation of typological architectural elements according to established rules of composition are introduced to the students through the study of recognised works of design theory. CAD and desktop virtual reality are then used to define and manipulate architectural elements, and to make formal and spatial evaluations of the environments created. The paper describes the theoretical context of the work, assesses the suitability of the software used for performing compositional manipulations, and evaluates the qualities of immersion and intuitive feedback which virtual reality based modelling can offer in the design visualisation process. The teaching programme utilises standard software packages, including AutoCAD, and 3D Studio, as well as Superscape VRT, a PC based desktop VR package.
series eCAADe
more http://www.paris-valdemarne.archi.fr/archive/ecaade98/html/13dobson/index.htm
last changed 2022/06/07 07:55

_id 2587
authors Gong, Yihong
year 1998
title Intelligent image databases
source Boston, Kluwer
summary Intelligent Image Databases: Towards Advanced Image Retrieval addresses the image feature selection issue in developing content-based image retrieval systems. The book first discusses the four important issues in developing a complete content-based image retrieval system, and then demonstrates that image feature selection has significant impact on the remaining issues of system design. Next, it presents an in-depth literature survey on typical image features explored by contemporary content-based image retrieval systems for image matching and retrieval purposes. The goal of the survey is to determine the characteristics and the effectiveness of individual features, so as to establish guidelines for future development of content-based image retrieval systems. Intelligent Image Databases: Towards Advanced Image Retrieval describes the Advanced Region-Based Image Retrieval System (ARBIRS) developed by the authors for color images of real-world scenes. They have selected image regions for building ARBIRS as the literature survey suggests that prominent image regions, along with their associated features, provide a higher probability for achieving a higher level content-based image retrieval system. A major challenge in building a region-based image retrieval system is that prominent regions are rather difficult to capture in an accurate and error-free condition, particularly those in images of real-world scenes. To meet this challenge, the book proposes an integrated approach to tackle the problem via feature capturing, feature indexing, and database query. Through comprehensive system evaluation, it is demonstrated how these systematically integrated efforts work effectively to accomplish advanced image retrieval. Intelligent Image Databases: Towards Advanced Image Retrieval serves as an excellent reference and may be used as a text for advanced courses on the topic.
series other
last changed 2003/04/23 15:14

_id 36
authors González, Carlos Guillermo
year 1998
title Una TecnologÌa Digital Para el Diseño: El Tde-Ac (A Digital Technology for Design: The Tde-Ac)
source II Seminario Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-97190-0-X] Mar del Plata (Argentina) 9-11 september 1998, pp. 274-279
summary TDE is a graphic language capable of notation of pure design operations, which offers an alternative to Monge and Perspective drawing. This language which was perfected and developed by Claudio Guerri in the late 80's, is originated in the Theory of Spatial Delimitation of CÈsar Janello (1974-1984). From 1995 onwards, and within the framework of the UBACyT AR025 Project (1995-1997), a software in order to apply the TDE through computer technology started to be developed. This work is carried out within the framework of the research program SPATIAL SEMIOTICS-DESIGN THEORY of the FADU-UBA directed by Claudio Guerri, and is continued in the UBACyT AR01 4 Project (1998-2000) "TDE-AC. Graphic language. TDE computer assisted". The computer tool TDE-AC, adds to this graphic language the power of the processing speed and a certain autonomy of interpretation and execution of design operations, which enables to visualize results with a remarkable speed in relation with manual or intellectual work in front of the drawing table. Trough the amplified projection on the screens of the program the stage of development and effectivity of TDE-AC will be demonstrated.
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:52

_id sigradi2007_af13
id sigradi2007_af13
authors Granero, Adriana Edith; Alicia Barrón; María Teresa Urruti
year 2007
title Transformations in the educational system, Influence of the Digital Graph [Transformaciones en el sistema educacional, influencia de la Gráfica Digital]
source SIGraDi 2007 - [Proceedings of the 11th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] México D.F. - México 23-25 October 2007, pp. 182-186
summary The educative proposal was based on the summary attained through experiences piled up during the 2 last semester courses, 2/2006-1/2007. This proposal corresponds to a mix of methodology (by personal attendance / by internet). Founding on the Theory of the Game (Eric Berne 1960) and on different theories such as: Multiple intelligences (Haward Gardner 1983), Emotional Intelligence (Peter Salowey and John Mayer 1990, Goleman 1998), Social Intelligence (Goleman 2006), the Triarchy of Intelligence (Stemberg, R.J. 1985, 1997), “the hand of the human power”, it´s established that the power of the voice, that of the imagination, the reward, the commitment and association produce a significant increase of the productivity (Rosabeth Moss Kanter 2000), aside from the constructive processes of the knowledge (new pedagogical concepts constructivista of Ormrod J.E. 2003 and Tim O´Reilly 2004).
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:52

_id c65d
authors Habraken, N.J. and Teicher, J (ed.)
year 1998
title The Structure of the Ordinary
source MIT Press, Cambridge, USA, pp. 73-76
summary According to N. J. Habraken, intimate and unceasing interaction between people and the forms they inhabit uniquely defines built environment. The Structure of the Ordinary, the culmination of decades of environmental observation and design research, is a recognition and analysis of everyday environment as the wellspring of urban design and formal architecture. The author's central argument is that built environment is universally organized by the Orders of Form, Place, and Understanding. These three fundamental, interwoven principles correspond roughly to physical, biological, and social domains. Historically, "ordinary" environment was the background against which architects built the "extraordinary." Drawing upon extensive examples from archaeological and contemporary sites worldwide, the author illustrates profound recent shifts in the structure of everyday environment. One effect of these transformations, Habraken argues, has been the loss of implicit common understanding that previously enabled architects to formally enhance and innovate while still maintaining environmental coherence. Consequently, architects must now undertake a study of the ordinary as the fertile common ground in which form- and place-making are rooted. In focusing on built environment as an autonomous entity distinct from the societies and natural environments that jointly create it, this book lays the foundation for a new dialogue on methodology and pedagogy, in support of a more
series other
last changed 2003/04/23 15:14

_id 67f0
authors Heng, L.
year 1998
title Petri net as a formalism to assist process improvement in the construction industry
source Automation in Construction 7 (4) (1998) pp. 349-356
summary One major reason that hinders the implementation of process improvement principles in the construction industry is the lack of a powerful formalism to model and analyze the existing and new workflow processes. This paper proposes a framework which is based on the use of Petri nets for modeling and analyzing workflow processes in construction. The paper starts with an overview of current developments in the Petri nets theory. The paper then presents an example to demonstrate how to use the Petri net based framework to assist important steps of process improvement.
series journal paper
more http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed 2003/05/15 21:22

_id 4266
authors Hong, Namhee Kim and Hong, Sunggul
year 1998
title Entity-Based Models for Computer-Aided Design Systems
source Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering -- January 1998 -- Volume 12, Issue 1, pp. 30-41
summary Integrated computer-aided design systems manage, communicate, and process the information created by and used in a variety of planning and design activities. Formal models of both the design product and thedesign process are important conceptual steps in the development of an integrated system. This paper outlines an entity-based approach for representing both design information and activities in a consistent way.The entity-based approach is based on the concepts of semantic data models (i.e., entity-based concepts) and related abstraction mechanisms. In this paper the concept of an entity that was originally applied todesign information has been extended to include design activities. That is, entity-based product and process models in this paper organize design information and activities into corresponding entities. The formalmodeling concepts developed in this paper can be used as consistent formal tools for describing and organizing design information and activities in the development of new integrated computer-aided designsystems.
series journal paper
last changed 2003/05/15 21:45

_id 807b
authors Kalisperis, Loukas N. and Pehlivanidou-Liakata, Anastasia
year 1998
title Architectural Design Studio: Digital and Traditional
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1998.073
source Computers in Design Studio Teaching [EAAE/eCAADe International Workshop Proceedings / ISBN 09523687-7-3] Leuven (Belgium) 13-14 November 1998, pp. 73-81
summary The nature of the task of representing architecture alters to reflect the state of architecture at each period of time. In simulating architecture, the necessary conversion from that which is inhabitable, experiential, functional, and at times, indescribable to an abstraction in an entirely different media is often an imperfect procedure that centers on its translation rather than the actual design. The objective in visualizing any architectural design is to achieve a situational awareness that allows for meaningful criticism of the design. Computer-aided three-dimensional (3D) visualization technology has made available new representation techniques. Surpassing the traditional means of graphic illustration and scaled models, this technology has been primarily developed to decrease the amount of abstraction between architecture and its documentation. The general objective of this paper is to present a study carried out over the last six years in which the progress of students in a traditional studio was compared to the progress of similar students in a digital studio. We have assessed the effects of the tools over the six-year period (24 different projects) by evaluating solution-generation in trial-and-error process and learning problem-solving strategies based on the Cognitive Flexibility Theory paradigm. Students using the digital studio were found to generate more and various solutions consistently.
series eCAADe
email
more http://www.eaae.be/
last changed 2022/06/07 07:52

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