Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Reformat results as: short short into frame detailed detailed into frame

_id	de77
authors	Ahmad Rafi, M.E.
year	1998
title	Computer animation for architectural visualisation
source	University of Strathclyde
summary	This thesis critically reviews the state of architectural animation, and relates this specific field to the more general motion-based representations, particularly traditional film-making techniques. It identifies key elements from traditional filmmaking and shows how these elements can improve computer-based architectural animation. The process of identification of the key elements from traditional film-making starts with a critical survey of the use of motion-based representation in local architectural practices and an empirical analysis of several architectural-based documentary films and past and present computer animations. All of the key ideas are illustrated on video by comparing real shooting clips to digital sequences focusing on production and post-production works. Some of these were implemented in two live projects ( Ministry of Finance, Malaysia and Damansara Parade ) for architects to understand the real problems and potentials in each process. These sets of illustrations expand the architect ideas to make full use of the motion-based process to improve the skill of combining architectural information in a good animation. The overall production process becomes more efficient when the motion-based footage is edited using a non-linear editing platform as it enhances the professional appearance as well as vastly saving most of the production time. The thesis concludes with specific recommendations relative to the stage at which the animation is produced. This technology can be best utilised with the right skills (a gained from film-making) and an understanding of each stage that requires a different level of input and gives a certain impact to the viewers.
series	thesis:PhD
email
last changed	2003/11/21 15:15

_id	ddss9804
id	ddss9804
authors	Assaf, S.
year	1998
title	A Decision Support System (DSS) for Forward Housing Planning
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary	This paper presents a specification of a Local Housing Strategy Decision Support System (LHS-DSS) (Conceptual and Physical model design). Emphasis throughout the design process is laid on the techniques that provide housing planners with accurate rapid assistance during the preparation process of local housing strategy. Relevant knowledge (descriptive, procedural, reasoning) and data about each step of the process, options for each situation as it arises, and a record of decisions made with underlying reasons are provided to system users. Three main components are identified to shape up the LHS-DSS: the language system for addressing housing problems; knowledge system which is responsible for gathering and accumulating the housing knowledge required; and problem processing system (an inquiry system) which produces suitable and effective recommendations to support the strategy preparation process.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/11/21 15:16

_id	a136
authors	Blaise, J.Y., Dudek, I. and Drap, P.
year	1998
title	Java collaborative interface for architectural simulations A case study on wooden ceilings of Krakow
source	International Conference On Conservation - Krakow 2000, 23-24 November 1998, Krakow, Poland
summary	Concern for the architectural and urban preservation problems has been considerably increasing in the past decades, and with it the necessity to investigate the consequences and opportunities opened for the conservation discipline by the development of computer-based systems. Architectural interventions on historical edifices or in preserved urban fabric face conservationists and architects with specific problems related to the handling and exchange of a variety of historical documents and representations. The recent development of information technologies offers opportunities to favour a better access to such data, as well as means to represent architectural hypothesis or design. Developing applications for the Internet also introduces a greater capacity to exchange experiences or ideas and to invest on low-cost collaborative working platforms. In the field of the architectural heritage, our research addresses two problems: historical data and documentation of the edifice, methods of representation (knowledge modelling and visualisation) of the edifice. This research is connected with the ARKIW POLONIUM co-operation program that links the MAP-GAMSAU CNRS laboratory (Marseilles, France) and the Institute HAiKZ of Kraków's Faculty of Architecture. The ARKIW programme deals with questions related to the use of information technologies in the recording, protection and studying of the architectural heritage. Case studies are chosen in order to experience and validate a technical platform dedicated to the formalisation and exchange of knowledge related to the architectural heritage (architectural data management, representation and simulation tools, survey methods, ...). A special focus is put on the evolution of the urban fabric and on the simulation of reconstructional hypothesis. Our contribution will introduce current ARKIW internet applications and experiences: The ARPENTEUR architectural survey experiment on Wie¿a Ratuszowa (a photogrammetrical survey based on an architectural model). A Gothic and Renaissance reconstruction of the Ratusz Krakowski using a commercial modelisation and animation software (MAYA). The SOL on line documentation interface for Kraków's Rynek G_ówny. Internet analytical approach in the presentation of morphological informations about Kraków's Kramy Bogate Rynku Krakowskiego. Object-Orientation approach in the modelling of the architectural corpus. The VALIDEUR and HUBLOT Virtual Reality modellers for the simulation and representation of reconstructional hypothesis and corpus analysis.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	487c
authors	Blazquez, Oscar and Hardin, Mary
year	1998
title	Balancing Computer Use and Design Content in Studio Projects
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1998.036
source	Digital Design Studios: Do Computers Make a Difference? [ACADIA Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-07-1] Québec City (Canada) October 22-25, 1998, pp. 36-43
summary	Particular design approaches must be taught in order to take advantage of the strengths of computers in design rather than attempting to make computers conform to methods developed as by-products of manual design techniques. For the last three years our team of faculty teaching the second year design studio has been trying different approaches to the use of computers in design, in order to find the advantages and opportunities especially suited to electronic media. There are several projects during the semester which use computers at different stages of the design process. One of these projects, called “A Spatial Sequence,” uses information from a previous project as well as the knowledge from the computer class in parallel to design studio. The project asked students to create spatial archetypes based on the work of well-known architects. They explore the following topics as represented in the work of one particular architect: relationships of major spaces/minor spaces, approach/entry, and transition/threshold. Following the analysis, they create digital models to explore the spaces formed by their archetypes. Before committing to a physical study model, they look at the transitions between spaces by creating a sequence using the digital model and producing a series of shots through the digital model to show the flow of spaces. The use of computer through the process accelerates the options available to explore a sequence of elements, while simultaneously giving them a window to look into the spaces they have created. This hybridized approach of precedent analysis, digital modeling, and physical modeling was uniquely suited to the studio problem.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ddss9809
id	ddss9809
authors	Brondino, Nair Cristina Margarido and Da Silva, Antônio Nélson Rodrigues
year	1998
title	A comparison of land valuation methods supported by GIS
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary	The purpose of this work was to study three different strategies for the appraisal of urban land. The first, a theoretical strategy created by the authors of this study to reproduce the common conditions of Brazilian cities, uses increments and reductions in the value of a square meter of land according to each lot’s individual features. The second method, based on Multiple Regression techniques, is widely used for valuation purposes. Finally, the effectiveness of Artificial Neural Networks to deal with thiskind of problem is studied. A sample of 157 lots was collected from several neighbourhoods of a small Brazilian city for the case study. The lot features recorded were area, width, shape, distance to the downtown district of the city through the street network, existence of fences and paved sidewalks, and market price. Prediction errors have been estimated for each of the three methods in order to compare their results. Predicted and error values, added to Geographical Information Systems, may be used to build thematic maps and to check how each strategy applies to different areas of the city. The analyses of error values conducted in this study showed that Artificial Neural Networks presented the best performance as a land appraisal method for the case studied.
series	DDSS
email
last changed	2003/11/21 15:16

_id	acdf
authors	Dijkstra, J., Timmermans, H. and Roelen, W.
year	1998
title	Eye Tracking as a User Behavior Registration Tool in Virtual Environments
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1998.057
source	CAADRIA ‘98 [Proceedings of The Third Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 4-907662-009] Osaka (Japan) 22-24 April 1998, pp. 57-66
summary	Registration of user behavior in a virtual environment is a particular aspect of an ongoing research project which aims to develop a conjoint analysis - virtual reality system. In this paper, the registration of user behavior by eye tracking techniques will be described. It will be advocated that eye-tracking techniques offer interesting possibilities for recording user behavior.
keywords	User Behavior, Conjoint Analysis, Virtual Reality, Decision Making
series	CAADRIA
email
more	http://www.caadria.org
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ddss9825
id	ddss9825
authors	Hartog, J. P. den, Koutamanis, A. and Luscuere, P. G.
year	1998
title	Simulation and evaluation of environmental aspects throughout the designprocess
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary	The evaluation of environmental aspects in architectural design has traditionally been performed by means of simple (and often simplistic) rule systems. These generally remain at the normative level of minimal control one encounters in building rules and regulations, thereby failing to provide sufficient information and clarity for design guidance. Despite this, evaluation results normally bound subsequent design decisions as fundamental, inflexible constraints. At much later design stages, whenarchitectural form has been largely crystallized and when environmental subsystems must be specified in detail, both the architect and the contributing engineers often realize the severe limitation of theinitial choices. A frequently voiced argument for such simplification in the guise of abstraction is the lack of detailed information on the form and functional content of a building in the early stages of the designprocess. This obviously presupposes a tabula rasa generative approach. The application of a priori knowledge in the form of types, cases, precedents and automated recognition permits direct transaction from the abstract to the specific at and between a number of predefined relevant abstraction levels in the representation. The combination of a priori knowledge at the typological level with multilevel representations permits the use of precise simulation techniques already in the early design stages and throughout thedesign process. The simulation results employ the dual representation principle of scientific visualization, thereby linking form with measurable performance. Feedback from the simulation provides the analysis and evaluation means for design guidance and for communication between thearchitect and the contributing engineers. A prerequisite to this is that the abstraction level in the representation constrains the analysis derived from the simulation, e.g., by means of grades of fuzziness applied to different zones in the representation on the basis of information specificity.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	0fbd
authors	Hartog, J.P., Koutamanis, A. and Luscuere, P.G.
year	1998
title	Simulation and evaluation of environmental aspects throughout the design process
source	4th Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Conference. Eindhoven
summary	The evaluation of environmental aspects in architectural design has traditionally been performed by means of simple (and often simplistic) rule systems. These generally remain at the normative level of minimal control one encounters in building rules and regulations, thereby failing to provide sufficient information and clarity for design guidance. Despite this, evaluation results normally bound subsequent design decisions as fundamental, inflexible constraints. At much later design stages, when architectural form has been largely crystallized and when environmental subsystems must be specified in detail, both the architect and the contributing engineers often realize the severe limitation of the initial choices. A frequently voiced argument for such simplification in the guise of abstraction is the lack of detailed information on the form and functional content of a building in the early stages of the design process. This obviously presupposes a tabula rasa generative approach. The application of a priori knowledge in the form of types, cases, precedents and automated recognition permits direct transaction from the abstract to the specific at and between a number of predefined relevant abstraction levels in the representation. The combination of a priori knowledge at the typological level with multilevel representations permits the use of precise simulation techniques already in the early design stages and throughout the design process. The simulation results employ the dual representation principle of scientific visualization, thereby linking form with measurable performance. Feedback from the simulation provides the analysis and evaluation means for design guidance and for communication between the architect and the contributing engineers. A prerequisite to this is that the abstraction level in the representation constrains the analysis derived from the simulation, e.g., by means of grades of fuzziness applied to different zones in the representation on the basis of information specificity.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	a787
authors	Kaga, A., Shimazu, Y., Yamauchi, T., Ishihara, H. And Sasada, T.
year	1998
title	City Information Visualizer Using 3-D Model and Computer Graphics
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1998.193
source	CAADRIA ‘98 [Proceedings of The Third Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 4-907662-009] Osaka (Japan) 22-24 April 1998, pp. 193-202
summary	3-D models and computer graphics with its visual characteristics enables easier understanding of various information. Up until now 3-D models and computer graphics has not been used for the analysis of city information due to its high cost and the need for special techniques. Currently, we have discovered new technology in hyper medium based on network technology and lower costs. This paper focuses on the construction of an interactive and visual 3-D city information system, aiming at the ‘idea processor’ for research and analysis of city planning and market research. We have discovered the requirements necessary for the City Information Visualizer system. Using this technology we will construct the prototype system of the 3-D City Information Visualizer. This system is based on the personal computer and the Client/Server system. The system is then applied to practical city analysis. This paper presents the prototype system and its evaluation in a real project.
keywords	City Planning, Computer Graphics, 3-D Model, VRML, JAVA
series	CAADRIA
email
more	http://www.caadria.org
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	9480
authors	Kan, J.W.T., Chow, B.K.M. and Tsou, J.-Y.
year	1999
title	Visual Impact Evaluation of Electricity Substation Architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1999.081
source	CAADRIA '99 [Proceedings of The Fourth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 7-5439-1233-3] Shanghai (China) 5-7 May 1999, pp. 81-87
summary	This paper presents a case study of the application of computer techniques for design communication and visual impact analysis. We were sponsored by China Light & Power Company Ltd. To simulate the design of a proposed electricity substation and its it is setting in a residential neighborhood. During a five-week intensive study, we took nearly one thousand photographs of the existing site. We also created a three-dimensional CAD model of the proposed substation, and produced perspectives from points of view analogous to the photographs. We applied Apple Quicktime VR technology to document the site environment with 360-degree panoramas. We then montaged the computer-generated panoramas with those taken from the real environment. A navigable virtual environment, architectural animation and set of still images were presented to the public in September 1998. The reactions from the regional council members and local residents nearby were recorded to provide evidence to measure the effectiveness of digital architectural design communication.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	25a3
authors	Martini, K.
year	1998
title	Ancient structures and modern analysis: investigating damage and reconstruction at Pompeii
source	Automation in Construction 8 (1) (1998) pp. 125-137
summary	The paper describes the application of non-linear structural analysis methods to address archaeological questions concerning the reconstruction of the ancient city of Pompeii after a major earthquake that occurred 17 yr prior to the famous eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in 79 AD. It presents preliminary findings in an effort to develop an approach to modelling the two-way out-of-plane behavior of unreinforced masonry walls, including comparison studies with published analytic and experimental results for one-way loaded walls, plus a trial analysis for a two-way span condition. The approach requires the application of computationally intensive non-linear analysis techniques, since the linear analysis methods used in conventional design and education are inadequate to model the behavior of unreinforced masonry. Developing an understanding of the two-way behavior of unreinforced masonry has implications not only for archaeological investigation of ancient structures, but also for modern renovation of historic structures.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:22

_id	e35f
authors	Monedero, Javier
year	1998
title	The Role of the Architect in the Age of Automatic Reproduction
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1998.158
source	Computerised Craftsmanship [eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Paris (France) 24-26 September 1998, pp. 158-163
summary	This paper is a general reflection on the relationship between computer architectural education and professional practice or, in other words, the social role of architects. This reflection is grounded on the experience of the author as director of a Master program on computerized architectural projects and as professor of two general school courses: one consisting on a theoretical review of computer applications in architecture, the other consisting on a practical development of modeling and visualization techniques. The main argument is that little attention is being given in recent publications and CAAD conferences to the actual role of architect in society and that a big gap is growing between what is currently taught in architectural schools and what happens in real life. This gap has as one pole what is loosely called the "star system" of famous architects that create singular buildings and that constitute the main reference of our architectural culture and, as another pole, the rigid laws of the market that dictate the types of most residential buildings. This lack of attention manifests itself in the unbalanced weight of papers on multimedia, historical modeling or visualization techniques and papers on housing or architectural current elements analysis. Some very interesting lines of research, perhaps distorted due to an insufficient analysis of the general notion of type in architecture, have been abandoned without much comment. The conclusion is that a discussion on this line would perhaps help to define better the distance between computer craftsmanship and architectural education.
series	eCAADe
more	http://www.paris-valdemarne.archi.fr/archive/ecaade98/html/33monedero/index.htm
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	37
authors	Morelli, RubÈn DarÌo and Marina, Cristian
year	1998
title	Geometria y Grafica Digital Como Reflexion y Racionalizacion Del Proyecto Arquitectonico (Geometry and Digital Graphics as Reflexion and Rationalization of the Architectural Project)
source	II Seminario Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-97190-0-X] Mar del Plata (Argentina) 9-11 september 1998, pp. 280-285
summary	The methodology of the work consists in the following: (a) Starting from the photographic image of an architectonic work (Santisimo Sacramento Church situated in 3451 Bv. OroÒo street, Rosario city, Santa Fe, Republica Argentina), and applying the rules of Descriptive Geometry. about photographic perspective, rebuild - restore the orthogonal parallel projection of its facade. (b) Once the restitution is done, introduce the information into the computer, in order to: Make a geometric analysis of the architectonic shape, applying 2D systems (bidimensional diedric or Monge method ) and 3D (tridimensional, wireframes and renders); Obtain a complete 3D image of the Tower, that means the virtual model of the real object.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:55

_id	acadia16_140
id	acadia16_140
authors	Nejur, Andrei; Steinfeld, Kyle
year	2016
title	Ivy: Bringing a Weighted-Mesh Representations to Bear on Generative Architectural Design Applications
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2016.140
source	ACADIA // 2016: POSTHUMAN FRONTIERS: Data, Designers, and Cognitive Machines [Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-77095-5] Ann Arbor 27-29 October, 2016, pp. 140-151
summary	Mesh segmentation has become an important and well-researched topic in computational geometry in recent years (Agathos et al. 2008). As a result, a number of new approaches have been developed that have led to innovations in a diverse set of problems in computer graphics (CG) (Sharmir 2008). Specifically, a range of effective methods for the division of a mesh have recently been proposed, including by K-means (Shlafman et al. 2002), graph cuts (Golovinskiy and Funkhouser 2008; Katz and Tal 2003), hierarchical clustering (Garland et al. 2001; Gelfand and Guibas 2004; Golovinskiy and Funkhouser 2008), primitive fitting (Athene et al. 2004), random walks (Lai et al.), core extraction (Katz et al.) tubular multi-scale analysis (Mortara et al. 2004), spectral clustering (Liu and Zhang 2004), and critical point analysis (Lin et al. 20070, all of which depend upon a weighted graph representation, typically the dual of a given mesh (Sharmir 2008). While these approaches have been proven effective within the narrowly defined domains of application for which they have been developed (Chen 2009), they have not been brought to bear on wider classes of problems in fields outside of CG, specifically on problems relevant to generative architectural design. Given the widespread use of meshes and the utility of segmentation in GAD, by surveying the relevant and recently matured approaches to mesh segmentation in CG that share a common representation of the mesh dual, this paper identifies and takes steps to address a heretofore unrealized transfer of technology that would resolve a missed opportunity for both subject areas. Meshes are often employed by architectural designers for purposes that are distinct from and present a unique set of requirements in relation to similar applications that have enjoyed more focused study in computer science. This paper presents a survey of similar applications, including thin-sheet fabrication (Mitani and Suzuki 2004), rendering optimization (Garland et al. 2001), 3D mesh compression (Taubin et al. 1998), morphin (Shapira et al. 2008) and mesh simplification (Kalvin and Taylor 1996), and distinguish the requirements of these applications from those presented by GAD, including non-refinement in advance of the constraining of mesh geometry to planar-quad faces, and the ability to address a diversity of mesh features that may or may not be preserved. Following this survey of existing approaches and unmet needs, the authors assert that if a generalized framework for working with graph representations of meshes is developed, allowing for the interactive adjustment of edge weights, then the recent developments in mesh segmentation may be better brought to bear on GAD problems. This paper presents work toward the development of just such a framework, implemented as a plug-in for the visual programming environment Grasshopper.
keywords	tool-building, design simulation, fabrication, computation, megalith
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	338a
authors	Noble, Douglas and Hsu, Jason
year	1999
title	Computer Aided Animation in Architecture: Analysis of Use and the Views of the Profession
source	III Congreso Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings] Montevideo (Uruguay) September 29th - October 1st 1999, pp. 109-114
summary	A traditional way to present three-dimensional representations of architectural design has been through the use of manually drawn perspective drawings. The perspective representation assists in the comprehension of the forms and spaces, but is difficult to manually generate. The computer revolution made perspectives much easier to generate and led to a dramatically increased use of three-dimensional representation as a presentation technique. We are just now seeing substantial uses of animation as a communication and presentation tool in architecture. This paper documents the results of two surveys of the architectural profession that sought to discover the current and near future intentions for the use of computer animation. Our belief is that current levels of computer animation use are low, but that many firms intend to start using animation both as a design and presentation tool. In early 1998 we conducted a survey of the uses of computer animation by architectural firms. We posited a set of 14 related hypotheses. This paper represents the tabulated results from 82 completed surveys out of 620 requests. While some level of confidence can be obtained from this sample size, we are publishing in the hope of encouraging continued response to the survey.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:56

_id	e122
authors	Park, Soo-Hoon and Gero, John S.
year	1998
title	Analysis of Architectural Sketches Using Categorical Shape Knowledge Based on Shape Features
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1998.405
source	CAADRIA ‘98 [Proceedings of The Third Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 4-907662-009] Osaka (Japan) 22-24 April 1998, pp. 405-414
summary	Shape feature analysis method is suggested as a computational support for the association of pictorial patterns of sketches with design semantics. Geometric patterns have been represented with qualitative scheme which is capable of representing classes for a collection of instances. Similarities to the particular shape feature categories have been measured to compare the sketch instances.
keywords	Sketches, Q-Code, Shape Feature, Categorical Shape Knowledge
series	CAADRIA
email
more	http://www.caadria.org
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	2557
authors	Reisig, W.
year	1998
title	Elements of Distributed Algorithms: Modeling and Analysis with Petri Nets
source	Springer Verlag, Berlin
summary	A variety of distributed algorithms are presented and proven correct in this book. A (Petri net based) technique to model and to analyze distributed algorithms is coincidently presented. This technique focusses on local states, independent actions, and synchronization of distributed threads of control. This book's scope is modest, as it sticks to a choice of small and medium size distributed algorithms. Compositionality, stepwise refinement, interface specification, abstraction, etc., are not covered. Nevertheless, this book's claims are ambitious: Just as PASCAL-like programming structures and Hoare-style proof techniques appear optimal for a wide class of sequential algorithms, this book's formalism is suggested to be optimal for a wide class of distributed algorithms. Particular preliminary knowledge is not assumed in this text, besides basics in formal concepts and a general intuitive understanding of computer science. The text provides a basis for university courses and can help the practitioner to design distributed algorithms. The hurried reader may just study the pictures.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	ddss9852
id	ddss9852
authors	Shalaby, Tarek, Scutt, Tom and Palmer, Diane
year	1998
title	The ‘Intelligent Map’ as A Decision Support System for UrbanPlanners in Nottingham Using GIS Technology
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary	Location is often considered as the most important factor leading to the success of public or private services. Location is the key in maximising accessibility and keeping operating cost low. A collaborative research project between ‘Nottingham University’ and the ‘Environmental ServicesDepartment of Nottingham City Council’ is developing an ‘Intelligent Map’ for identifying optimum locations for the recycling centres in the city. The object is to develop a new decision support system for urban planners, to be used as a management and analytical tool for improving locational decisionmaking. This paper discusses the technique of the Intelligent Map, and its concept. The paper includes three main sections. The first discusses the introduction of the mini-recycling centres in Nottingham, theproblems associated with their spatial distribution, and the need for a new decision support system using GIS technology. The second examines traditional techniques using GIS for identifying optimum locations and calculating catchment areas. The third explains the concept of the Intelligent Map; discussion takes the form of an initial analysis of the likely method to be applied, and then briefly outlines some of the prototyping work that is currently taking place at Nottingham.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ga9804
id	ga9804
authors	Tang, Ming Xi
year	1998
title	An Artificial Intelligence Approach to Industrial Design Support
source	International Conference on Generative Art
summary	The process of Industrial Design extends from market analysis, conceptualization, form generation to performance prediction, engineering analysis and user analysis etc. This requires a wide range of design knowledge and techniques from different disciplines. Computer-based support to industrial design is limited because the majority of the CAD systems deal with only geometric models and representations. The recent advancement in generative techniques utilizing evolutionary computation methods provides an opportunity for the study of more creative and systematic ways of supporting the industrial design process. However, one of the problems associated with the existing generative techniques is the difficulty in evaluating a large number of solutions generated by a generative system. This paper addresses this problem by presenting a system framework for industrial design support through an integrated application of Artificial Intelligence techniques.
series	other
email
more	http://www.generativeart.com/
last changed	2003/08/07 17:25

_id	ddss9805
id	ddss9805
authors	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.)
year	1998
title	The Effects of Cubist Design Theory on Modernism and Post Modernism
source	Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary	The main aim of this study is to present design theories since 1900s and their evaluation for 2000s. For this reason the basic manifesto; “Modernism” which gives its signs and principles to the identityof 20th century is held as beginning point. The modern movement in architecture in order to fully express 20th century, possessed the “faith in science and technology”, “rationalism and romantic faithin speed” or “the roar of machines”. And also it was treated as a series of discrete art movements like Futurism, Cubism, Constructivism, Dadaism, Surrealism. But one of them; “Cubism” is pointed out tobe the first movement of “Purism” that built “Modernism”. To emphasise the general idea of design theories in 1900s, Cubism is chosen as a point of view and the aim is required to put forward some ideas by criticising cubist design theory and putting some principles about the effects of cubist design theory on modernism and post modernism (trends and periods after modernism). The method of “Conceptualisation”, one of the most important system to begin a design is used while making analysis. In this content, the paper involves five main parts. In the first and second parts, theintroduction to Cubism and First Machine Age are explained. The third part consists of Cubism as an art of painting. In the fourth part cubist design theory and the cubist conceptions are posed. The last part of the survey gives the findings and conclusions aiming to put forward estimations for further designs in the future.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/27 12:08

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