Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ee96
authors	Johnson, Scott
year	1998
title	Making Models Architectural: Protean Representations to Fit Architects’ Minds
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1998.354
source	Digital Design Studios: Do Computers Make a Difference? [ACADIA Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-07-1] Québec City (Canada) October 22-25, 1998, pp. 354-365
summary	A rich vocabulary has evolved for describing architecture. It serves not only as a means of communication, but also as an embodiment of concepts relating to form, space, structure, function, mood, and symbolism. We architects not only speak in terms of walls, rooms, roofs, arches, etc., we see in terms of them and think in terms of them, as well. Such concepts are integral to our ability to design. Typical CAD representations, however, are based on geometric/mathematical elements like points, lines, planes, and symbols. Even more experimental approaches like parametric shapes or procedural assemblies correspond poorly to architectural elements, and seldom lend themselves well to making conceptual changes that would allow exploration of design alternatives. Small wonder some architecture schools experience a division between computer and studio courses, or even between computer and studio faculty. Different ways of talking and thinking are involved. The concepts involved are often mutually exclusive. This paper discusses an attempt to address this conceptual mismatch, using what are termed “protean” (meaning “very changeable”) elements. These are high-level elements corresponding to architectural concepts like “wall,” or “dome.” They each have parameters appropriate for the particular type of element they represent, and produce the polyhedra necessary for graphics based on these parameters. A system is being implemented to allow models to be constructed using these elements. The protean elements form a loosely structured model, in which some elements hierarchically contain others, and some elements are essentially freestanding, being created and manipulated independently of other elements. Characteristics of protean element are discussed, including the underlying object-oriented structure, the relationship between elements and graphics, and functions associated with the objects. A scheme is explained whereby all parts of a design can be represented even when the design includes extremely unusual forms not conforming to predictable classes of elements. The necessary support framework is also discussed; general flow of the system and mechanisms for viewing the model and editing subcomponents are explained. The current status of the project, and intentions for future work are discussed. The project has been partially implemented, and the necessary framework to support the system is mostly complete.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ddss9839
id	ddss9839
authors	Mahdavi, Ardeshir
year	1998
title	A Middle Way to Integration
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary	Integration in computer-aided design denotes systematic incorporation of multiple domain applications within a unified computational design support environment. At one end of the spectrum of integration efforts, there is a top-down approach involving an all-encompassing maximal building representation. On the other end, there is bottom-up approach involving the ad hoc and as-needed production of translator and mediator routines to enable various existing applications to communicate with each other. This paper describes the development of a design support system which represents a middle way to integration: while it assumes that, at a fundamental level, some shared notation of the constitutive building entities and their spatial relationships is sine qua non, it assumes that this notation is not a primary necessity, but must be tested against the requirements of the "down-the-line" manipulators of the entities encapsulated by it.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	2539
authors	Neuckermans, H., De Ridder, T. and Geebelen, B.
year	1998
title	Speech-Driven Computer-Aided Design - Innovation in Human-Computer Interaction
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1998.309
source	CAADRIA ‘98 [Proceedings of The Third Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 4-907662-009] Osaka (Japan) 22-24 April 1998, pp. 309-316
summary	The use of computers in architectural design has shifted from what initially was a very numerical approach into a graphical way and thus into a designerly way of working. Through the extensive use of WIMPs CAAD packages today are more or less user-friendly. In the meantime the ever increasing functionality of those packages inflate the number of commands, actions, options and choices which have to be activated with the mouse in order to generate a structured drawing. As a result packages become rather cumbersome to handle. In this research we have explored a new medium, namely speech, to tell the machine what to do. With software for speech recognition and making use of a head-mounted microphone we have built a far more user-friendly way of handling a CAD package. Grids, snap, ortho, layers, settings and other commands that can be used in combination with mouse actions are activated and deactivated by voice command. We are convinced that this is a step further towards a more easy and natural way of using computers while designing and certainly a way for speeding up the modeling of real architecture. The experiment has been conducted for AutoCAD with the software for speech recognition by Lernout & Hauspie. This new way of working is not limited to architecture and the principle can be used right now for any other package, provided it has a programming interface.
keywords	Electronic Design Media, Human-Computer Interaction, Design
series	CAADRIA
email
more	http://www.caadria.org
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	ddss9849
id	ddss9849
authors	Sariyildiz, S. Ciftcioglu, Ö. and Veer, Peter van der
year	1998
title	Information Ordering for decision support in building design
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary	A systematic approach for the application of AI-based information processing for information ordering in architectural building design is described. For this purpose fuzzy associative memory (FAM) method is considered. In this system FAM is used for knowledge representation in building design concerning the functional & technical requirements information and its graded relevance to individuals concerned in the same context. A set of FAM rules having been established as a knowledge base for use, a pattern of information in the form of a fuzzy vector is fed to each FAM rule. Here, a decision support system is aimed to convey the information to the respective individuals and/or bodies involved, in a graded form, according to their capacity of involvement in the building design. By exploiting the binary logic, each FAM rule is fired in parallel but to a different degree so that each rule generates an m-dimensional output fuzzy vector Pi. The union of these vectors creates m-dimensional fuzzy decision vector D that provides the ordered information addressed to respective individuals and/or bodies mentioned. Using simulated data, a verification procedure for the performance of the approach is investigated and by means of the work, the role that artificial intelligence in architecture and building design might play, is pointed out.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ga9804
id	ga9804
authors	Tang, Ming Xi
year	1998
title	An Artificial Intelligence Approach to Industrial Design Support
source	International Conference on Generative Art
summary	The process of Industrial Design extends from market analysis, conceptualization, form generation to performance prediction, engineering analysis and user analysis etc. This requires a wide range of design knowledge and techniques from different disciplines. Computer-based support to industrial design is limited because the majority of the CAD systems deal with only geometric models and representations. The recent advancement in generative techniques utilizing evolutionary computation methods provides an opportunity for the study of more creative and systematic ways of supporting the industrial design process. However, one of the problems associated with the existing generative techniques is the difficulty in evaluating a large number of solutions generated by a generative system. This paper addresses this problem by presenting a system framework for industrial design support through an integrated application of Artificial Intelligence techniques.
series	other
email
more	http://www.generativeart.com/
last changed	2003/08/07 17:25

_id	ddss9801
id	ddss9801
authors	Achten, Henri and Leeuwen, Jos van
year	1998
title	A Feature-Based Description Technique for Design Processes: A Case Study
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary	In order to develop appropriate tools for decision support in design processes, it is necessary to found them on an understanding of design. Analytical techniques of design processes that have a direct relationship with tool development can enhance design support systems development. The paper focuses on a design support system in the VR-DIS research program. The aim of this research program is to develop insight in the architectural design process and to establish design tools for architectsworking in Virtual Reality. The basic approach for data modelling in VR in this research is based on an extension of the Feature Based Modelling paradigm taken from design in mechanical engineering. The computer model of the design in the system is a Feature-based model. This paper describes design processes in terms of changes in the Feature-based model of the design. For this purpose, a case of a house design is used. Drawings in the conceptual design phase up to the preliminary design phase arestudied. Each state of the drawings is described in terms of a Feature-model. Particular design actions such as creation of spaces, definition of architectural elements, and changes during the design process can be expressed in terms of changes in the Feature-model. Because of the use of Features, the changes can be formalised in the VR-DIS system. The description in terms of Features offers an analytical toolthat leads to a functional brief for design support tools. The paper ends with a discussion of implications and future work.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/11/21 15:15

_id	ddss9802
id	ddss9802
authors	Akin, O., Aygen, Z., Cumming, M., Donia, M., Sen, R. and Zhang, Y.
year	1998
title	Computational Specification of Building Requirements in theEarly Stages of Design
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary	We have been exploring computational techniques to help building designers to specify design requirements during the early stages of design. In the past, little has been accomplished in this area either in terms of innovative computational technologies or the improvement of design performance.The prospect of improving design productivity and creating a seamless process between requirements specification and formal design are our primary motivations. This research has been conducted as partof a larger project entitled SEED (Software Environment to Support Early Phases in Building Design). SEED features an open-ended modular architecture, where each module provides support for a design activity that takes place in early design stages. Each module is supported by a database to store and retrieve information, as well as a user interface to support the interaction with designers. The module described in this paper, SEED-Pro (the architectural programming module of SEED), is a workingprototype for building design requirements specification. It can be used by other modules in SEED or by design systems in other domains, such as mechanical engineering, civil engineering, industrial designand electrical engineering. Our approach to SEED-Pro is divided into two phases: core, and support functionalities. The core functionalities operate in an interactive mode relying on a case-based approach to retrieve and adapt complex specification records to the problem at hand. The supportfunctionalities include the case-base, the data-base, and the standards processing environment for building specification tasks. Our findings indicate that SEED-Pro: (1) is a tool that structures the unstructured domain of design requirements; (2) enables the integration of design requirements with the rest of the design process, (3) leads to the creation of complex case-bases and (4) enables the observation of their performance in the context of real world design problems.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/11/21 15:15

_id	a037
authors	Aygen, Z. and Flemming, U.
year	1998
title	Classification of Precedents - A Hybrid Approach to Indexing and Retrieving Design Cases in SEED (a Software Environment for the Early Phases of Building Design)
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1998.435
source	CAADRIA ‘98 [Proceedings of The Third Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 4-907662-009] Osaka (Japan) 22-24 April 1998, pp. 435-444
summary	An efficient indexing of past solutions is crucial to case-based design (CBD) systems performing complex retrieval on large case-bases. This paper suggests a hybrid approach to the indexing and retrieval of design precedents. The suggested approach accounts for the issues of classification manifested in architectural discussions on type and CBD literature. The indexing scheme integrates description-logic based representation for classification and an object-based representation for precedents. The hybrid scheme constitutes a basis for the implementation of a generic case indexing and retrieval mechanism for SEED.
keywords	Case-Based Design, Classification, Typology
series	CAADRIA
email
more	http://www.caadria.org
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	c373
authors	Baldwin, A.N., Austin, S.A., Hassan, T.M. and Thorpe, A.
year	1998
title	Planning building design by simulating information flow
source	Automation in Construction 8 (2) (1998) pp. 149-163
summary	Successful project management requires the effective control of the design teams and the exchange of information between them for successful design management. This paper describes a methodology involving discrete event simulation that can help the planning and control of building design. Discipline-based information flow models of the building design process are used to define the activities of the simulation model, concentrating on the concept and schematic design stages. Factors such as task durations and resources are then allocated along with any specific constraints that are to be evaluated. The model predicts the outcomes of the specific scenario of information related events, including design schedules and resource histograms. The paper describes the development and validation of the simulation model and discusses its potential application during the planning and design phases of building projects. It is concluded that this approach could form the basis of a useful tool for design managers responsible for multidisciplinary building design work.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:22

_id	4c8a
authors	Ball, L.J., Maskill, L. and Ormerod, T.C.
year	1998
title	Satisficing in engineering design: causes, consequences and implications for design support
source	Automation in Construction 7 (2-3) (1998) pp. 213-227
summary	We describe an approach to investigating design cognition which involved comparing prescriptive theories of good design practice with observations of actual design behaviour. The tenet of prescriptive theory which formed the focus of the research is the idea that designers should generate and evaluate multiple design alternatives in order to increase the chances of attaining better design solutions than might arise if they fixated upon an initial solution. Our study focused upon six professional electronic engineers attempting a novel integrated-circuit design problem. Verbal-protocol data revealed: (i) a failure to search for alternative solutions; (ii) a marked inclination to stick with early `satisficing' solution ideas even when these were showing deficiencies; and (iii) only superficial modelling and assessment of competing alternatives when such options were actually considered. We argue that while minimal solution search in design may sometimes be caused by motivational factors and working-memory limitations, its major determinant relates to inhibitory memory processes that arise subsequent to the recognition-based emergence of familiar design solutions. We conclude by exploring the implications of minimal solution search for design support, with particular reference to an agent-based indexing system which we are developing in order to facilitate the pursuit of design alternatives in engineering contexts.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:22

_id	b9c2
authors	Bhavnani, S.K. and John, B.E.
year	1998
title	Delegation and Circumvention: Two Faces of Efficiency
source	Proceedings of CHI'98 (1998), 273-280
summary	Throughout history, inefficient methods to use devices have been replaced by more efficient ones. This shift typically occurs when users discover how to &legate work to the powers of a tool, and to circumvent its liiitations. Strategies of delegation and circumvention, therefore, appear to be the core of efficient use. To show how this approach can expiain the relationship between tools and strategies in complex computer systems, we describe five ways to perform a real-world drawing task with current as well as 5.rture tools. We then present five corresponding GOMS models that demonstrate the value of efficient strategies when compared to the observed behavior of a professional CAD user. We conclude by presenting a generalized framework to characterize efficient strategies and discuss its relevance to design and training.
keywords	Strategies; GOMS; Efficiency; Productivity
series	other
email
last changed	2003/11/21 15:16

_id	a136
authors	Blaise, J.Y., Dudek, I. and Drap, P.
year	1998
title	Java collaborative interface for architectural simulations A case study on wooden ceilings of Krakow
source	International Conference On Conservation - Krakow 2000, 23-24 November 1998, Krakow, Poland
summary	Concern for the architectural and urban preservation problems has been considerably increasing in the past decades, and with it the necessity to investigate the consequences and opportunities opened for the conservation discipline by the development of computer-based systems. Architectural interventions on historical edifices or in preserved urban fabric face conservationists and architects with specific problems related to the handling and exchange of a variety of historical documents and representations. The recent development of information technologies offers opportunities to favour a better access to such data, as well as means to represent architectural hypothesis or design. Developing applications for the Internet also introduces a greater capacity to exchange experiences or ideas and to invest on low-cost collaborative working platforms. In the field of the architectural heritage, our research addresses two problems: historical data and documentation of the edifice, methods of representation (knowledge modelling and visualisation) of the edifice. This research is connected with the ARKIW POLONIUM co-operation program that links the MAP-GAMSAU CNRS laboratory (Marseilles, France) and the Institute HAiKZ of Kraków's Faculty of Architecture. The ARKIW programme deals with questions related to the use of information technologies in the recording, protection and studying of the architectural heritage. Case studies are chosen in order to experience and validate a technical platform dedicated to the formalisation and exchange of knowledge related to the architectural heritage (architectural data management, representation and simulation tools, survey methods, ...). A special focus is put on the evolution of the urban fabric and on the simulation of reconstructional hypothesis. Our contribution will introduce current ARKIW internet applications and experiences: The ARPENTEUR architectural survey experiment on Wie¿a Ratuszowa (a photogrammetrical survey based on an architectural model). A Gothic and Renaissance reconstruction of the Ratusz Krakowski using a commercial modelisation and animation software (MAYA). The SOL on line documentation interface for Kraków's Rynek G_ówny. Internet analytical approach in the presentation of morphological informations about Kraków's Kramy Bogate Rynku Krakowskiego. Object-Orientation approach in the modelling of the architectural corpus. The VALIDEUR and HUBLOT Virtual Reality modellers for the simulation and representation of reconstructional hypothesis and corpus analysis.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	487c
authors	Blazquez, Oscar and Hardin, Mary
year	1998
title	Balancing Computer Use and Design Content in Studio Projects
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1998.036
source	Digital Design Studios: Do Computers Make a Difference? [ACADIA Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-07-1] Québec City (Canada) October 22-25, 1998, pp. 36-43
summary	Particular design approaches must be taught in order to take advantage of the strengths of computers in design rather than attempting to make computers conform to methods developed as by-products of manual design techniques. For the last three years our team of faculty teaching the second year design studio has been trying different approaches to the use of computers in design, in order to find the advantages and opportunities especially suited to electronic media. There are several projects during the semester which use computers at different stages of the design process. One of these projects, called “A Spatial Sequence,” uses information from a previous project as well as the knowledge from the computer class in parallel to design studio. The project asked students to create spatial archetypes based on the work of well-known architects. They explore the following topics as represented in the work of one particular architect: relationships of major spaces/minor spaces, approach/entry, and transition/threshold. Following the analysis, they create digital models to explore the spaces formed by their archetypes. Before committing to a physical study model, they look at the transitions between spaces by creating a sequence using the digital model and producing a series of shots through the digital model to show the flow of spaces. The use of computer through the process accelerates the options available to explore a sequence of elements, while simultaneously giving them a window to look into the spaces they have created. This hybridized approach of precedent analysis, digital modeling, and physical modeling was uniquely suited to the studio problem.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	817b
authors	Bong, C.W. and Wang, Y.C.
year	2002
title	A Shape Compactness Measurement Indexing with Fuzzy Multicriteria Decision Making Approach
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2002.093
source	CAADRIA 2002 [Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 983-2473-42-X] Cyberjaya (Malaysia) 18–20 April 2002, pp. 093-100
summary	Compactness of a district or zone is determined by considering its appearance and the area of dispersal of the district (Altman, 1998) and it is used as a characteristic to describe shape (Shiode, 1998; Knight, 1997). However, existing compactness measurement used to assess district plans in redistricting applications are vague and imprecision although there are more than thirty over Euclidean or non-Euclidean measurement methods. Therefore, this paper presents an integrated shape compactness measurement indexing with a fuzzy multicriteria decision making approach (FMCDM) to enhance the measurement of shape compactness. An experiment is conducted in order to verify the practically of the proposed model to improve existing compactness measurement method.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	2796
authors	Brown, Andy and Lee, Hwa, Ryong
year	1998
title	A Mental Space Model
source	Cyber-Real Design [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 83-905377-2-9] Bialystock (Poland), 23-25 April 1998, pp. 27-42
summary	The architectural design process is often characterised a series of evolving ideas, and involving a cyclical process between design and visualisation. However, the nature of the internal representation still remains unclear. What is actually represented in a designers mental space and what drives and influences the mental design process? If we wish to programme a computer to mimic or work in tandem with the mental processes involved we need to make that representation and the associated cognitive processes explicit. The ways that designers form mental representations are so diverse, personal, and often transient that it is not easy to externalise and articulate them in explicit terms. In order to propose a mental model, we can take in a particular I psychological research approach; that of introspective observation from design drawing . In doing so, we posit an assumption that the designer's drawing can be seen as an extension of the internal mental feature, and hence internal representation could be inferred from the analysis of external representation - the drawing or sketch. This approach contrasts with the protocol analysis approach where mental operations are inferred from words, what could be termed thinking aloud.
series	plCAD
email
last changed	2003/05/17 10:01

_id	maver_089
id	maver_089
authors	Chen, Y., Fram, I. and Maver, T.W.
year	1998
title	A Virtual Studio Environment for Design Integration
source	Advances in Engineering Software, vol 29, No 10, 787-800
summary	In this paper the authors attempt to stress the social dimension of design and the role of explicit support for human-level interaction during design systems integration. A human-centred approach is proposed by taking design integration as the collaborative use of design artefacts, and a virtual studio environment (VSE) framework is presented as an integration vehicle to link the social and technical dimensions. A VSE consists of two subsystems: the VSE base system and the domain resources. While common generic facilities for human-human interaction are embedded within the VSE base system, the domain-specific resources are loosely coupled into VSE via resource agents. A VSE prototype for the domain of building design is described, and a demonstration of the use of the VSE prototype is presented. This is then followed by some discussion on related research and further work.
keywords	Design Integration, Collaborative Design, Human-Human Interaction, Virtual Design Studio, Building Design
series	journal paper
email
last changed	2003/09/03 13:23

_id	fb22
authors	Chien, Sheng-Fen
year	1998
title	Supporting information navigation in generative design systems
source	Camegie Mellon University, School of Architecture
summary	Generative design systems make it easier for designers to generate and explore design altematives, but the amount of information generated during a design session can become very large. Intelligent navigation aids are needed to enable designers to access the information with ease. Such aids may improve the usability of generative design systems and encourage their use in architectural practice. This dissertation presents a comprehensive approach to support navigation in generative design systems. This approach takes account of studies related to human spatial cognition, wayfinding in physical environments, and information navigation in electronic media. It contains a general model of design space, basic navigation operations, and principles for designing navigation support. The design space model describes how the space may grow and evolve along predictable dimensions. The basic operations facilitate navigation activities in this multi-dimensional design space. The design principles aim at guiding system developers in creating navigation utilities tailored to the needs of individual design systems. This approach is validated through prototype implementations and limited pilot usability studies. The validity of the design space model and basic navigation operations is examined through the development of a design space navigation framework that encapsulates the model and operations in a software environment and provides the infrastructure and mechanisms for supporting navigation. Three prototype navigation tools are implemented using this framework. These tools are subjected to usability studies. The studies show that these tools are easy to leam and are efficient in assisting designers locating desired information. In summary, it can be demonstrated that through the prototype implementations and usability studies, this approach offers sufficient support for the design and implementation of navigation aids in a generative design system. The research effort is a pioneer study on navigation support in generative design systems. It demonstrates why navigation support is necessary; how to provide the support; and what types of user interaction it can offer. This research contributes to information navigation studies not only in the specific domain of generative design system research, but also in the general field of human-computer interaction.
series	thesis:PhD
email
last changed	2003/02/12 22:37

_id	873d
authors	Chiu, Mao-Lin and Lan, Ju-Hung
year	1998
title	Discovery of Historical Tainan: A Digital Approach
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1998.113
source	CAADRIA ‘98 [Proceedings of The Third Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 4-907662-009] Osaka (Japan) 22-24 April 1998, pp. 113-122
summary	This paper depicts the use of computers in the urban studies, and provides a digital way of understanding historical buildings. "Discovery of Historical Tainan" is a joint project among historians and CAD researchers to use a digital approach to preserve historical evidences of the central city of Tainan. The importance of historical scenes is revealed by the efforts of integration with digital information and models. Furthermore, the level of abstraction and accuracy in the large-scale urban models are examined. The result demonstrates that the ability of foreseeing the future changes can be enhanced by the digital approach.
series	CAADRIA
email
more	http://www.caadria.org
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	4d6f
authors	Chodorowski, Franciszek
year	1998
title	From Inversive Perspective to Virtual Space
source	Cyber-Real Design [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 83-905377-2-9] Bialystock (Poland), 23-25 April 1998, pp. 43-52
summary	Looking back at history, considering the proportions taken up by the particular developments of the future vision of an architectural work, one observes that the main method used was based on a form of drawing in the perpendicular projection in the form of "planes", cross sections and elevations. However, the research considering the threedimensional approach of the design solution, took into consideration a model made of wood, plaster or paper. The supplementary works in the form of an axonometric or a perspective drawing were not usually the domain of architects. Such way of presenting space was used by artists: painters and sculptors. The rapid development taking place in the use of computers in preparing architectural design documentation makes one reflect on many issues. Modern software, apart from making it possible to develop projections, cross sections and elevations, allows the presentation of a three dimensional vision of an architectural solution on the basis of axonometry, perspective and a study of virtual space. Despite the obvious progress facilitating the graphic editing process of design work, the initial design phase is an unchanged process, similar to past times ' It is based on transferring the creative invention onto paper by means of handmade sketches, similarly to making an inventory measurement note.
series	plCAD
last changed	1999/04/08 17:16

_id	ga9921
id	ga9921
authors	Coates, P.S. and Hazarika, L.
year	1999
title	The use of genetic programming for applications in the field of spatial composition
source	International Conference on Generative Art
summary	Architectural design teaching using computers has been a preoccupation of CECA since 1991. All design tutors provide their students with a set of models and ways to form, and we have explored a set of approaches including cellular automata, genetic programming ,agent based modelling and shape grammars as additional tools with which to explore architectural ( and architectonic) ideas.This paper discusses the use of genetic programming (G.P.) for applications in the field of spatial composition. CECA has been developing the use of Genetic Programming for some time ( see references ) and has covered the evolution of L-Systems production rules( coates 1997, 1999b), and the evolution of generative grammars of form (Coates 1998 1999a). The G.P. was used to generate three-dimensional spatial forms from a set of geometrical structures .The approach uses genetic programming with a Genetic Library (G.Lib) .G.P. provides a way to genetically breed a computer program to solve a problem.G. Lib. enables genetic programming to define potentially useful subroutines dynamically during a run .* Exploring a shape grammar consisting of simple solid primitives and transformations. * Applying a simple fitness function to the solid breeding G.P.* Exploring a shape grammar of composite surface objects. * Developing grammarsfor existing buildings, and creating hybrids. * Exploring the shape grammar of abuilding within a G.P.We will report on new work using a range of different morphologies ( boolean operations, surface operations and grammars of style ) and describe the use of objective functions ( natural selection) and the "eyeball test" ( artificial selection) as ways of controlling and exploring the design spaces thus defined.
series	other
more	http://www.generativeart.com/
last changed	2003/08/07 17:25

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