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CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	57
authors	Chernobilsky, Lilia B. and Arturo F. Montagu
year	1998
title	Desarrollo de un Sistema de Informacion de Infraestructura Edilicia (Development of an Information system of Municipal Infrastructure)
source	II Seminario Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-97190-0-X] Mar del Plata (Argentina) 9-11 september 1998, pp. 426-431
summary	The Information System of Building Components -ISBC, consists of a set of activities to control the graphic data operation procedures of building plans and its storage in a data base. The system is specially prepared to be used by architects, engineers and cad operators who are dealing with a continuous flow of design problems, regarding the permanent adaptation and modification of office's layout in a great amount of buildings around the country. These constant changes bring out several types of architectural design problems that should be taken into consideration by the proposed system, particularly the reallocation of office furniture and the modification of building components. Therefore, the principal goal of the system is based on the inquiry and permanently updating of the data base composed by: furniture, technical equipment (computers and telecommunications networks), lights, air-conditioning, sanitary equipments and any other equipment that can be inventoried. The generation and operation of great amount of graphics and alphanumerical information bring out severe data inconsistency problems, particularly when graphic data is envolved. The task of "feeding" and modifying a data base produces errors that aren't easy to solve, even when specific consistency procedures are used. The ISBC provides the computer routines for the initial task of building up the required data base of each building, allowing to use an interactive algorithm among the digitized plans of each office and the data base of the enquiry system. An additional operation included in the system allows to compute the area of each section of the building in order to calculate several types of working spaces regarding ergonomical and functional performance specifications established by law regulations.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:48

_id	7560
authors	Gomez, Nestor
year	1998
title	Conceptual Structural Design Through Knowledge Hierarchies
source	Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pittsburgh
summary	Computer support for conceptual design still lags behind software available for analysis and detailed design. The Software Environment to Support the Early Phases in Building Design (SEED) project has the goal of providing design generation and exploration capabilities to aid in the conceptual design of buildings, from architectural programming and layout to enclosure design and structural configuration. The current work presents a component of the efforts of the SEED-Config Structure group in providing computer support for conceptual structural design. The Building Entity and Technology (BENT) approach models data about building elements in a general, hierarchical form, where design evolution is represented by the growing specificity of the design description. Two methods of system-supported design generation are provided: case-based reasoning and application of knowledge rules. The knowledge rules, termed technologies, and how they are specified and used are the primary focus of this thesis. In the BENT approach, conceptual structural engineering knowledge is modularized into technology nodes arranged in a directed 'AND/OR' graph, where OR nodes represent alternative design decisions and AND nodes represent problem decomposition. In addition, nodes in the graph may also be specified as having AND/OR incoming arcs thus reducing the duplication of nodes and enhancing the representational power of the approach. In order to facilitate the incorporation of new knowledge into the system, and verify and/or change the knowledge already in the system, the data model and the interface allow for dynamic creation, browsing, and editing of technology nodes. Design generation through the use of the knowledge hierarchy involves the conditional application of nodes according to the design context as represented by the building element(s) under consideration. Each application of a technology node expands the design of building elements by increasing the detail of the design description or by decomposing the elements into less abstract components. In addition, support for simultaneous design of multiple elements and for iteration control are also provided. An important feature of the BENT approach is that the generative knowledge (i.e., the technology hierarchy) is detached from the information repository (i.e., the database of entities which make up the building). This allows the technology hierarchies to be used in a modular fashion from building problem to building problem.
series	thesis:PhD
email
last changed	2003/02/12 22:37

_id	2587
authors	Gong, Yihong
year	1998
title	Intelligent image databases
source	Boston, Kluwer
summary	Intelligent Image Databases: Towards Advanced Image Retrieval addresses the image feature selection issue in developing content-based image retrieval systems. The book first discusses the four important issues in developing a complete content-based image retrieval system, and then demonstrates that image feature selection has significant impact on the remaining issues of system design. Next, it presents an in-depth literature survey on typical image features explored by contemporary content-based image retrieval systems for image matching and retrieval purposes. The goal of the survey is to determine the characteristics and the effectiveness of individual features, so as to establish guidelines for future development of content-based image retrieval systems. Intelligent Image Databases: Towards Advanced Image Retrieval describes the Advanced Region-Based Image Retrieval System (ARBIRS) developed by the authors for color images of real-world scenes. They have selected image regions for building ARBIRS as the literature survey suggests that prominent image regions, along with their associated features, provide a higher probability for achieving a higher level content-based image retrieval system. A major challenge in building a region-based image retrieval system is that prominent regions are rather difficult to capture in an accurate and error-free condition, particularly those in images of real-world scenes. To meet this challenge, the book proposes an integrated approach to tackle the problem via feature capturing, feature indexing, and database query. Through comprehensive system evaluation, it is demonstrated how these systematically integrated efforts work effectively to accomplish advanced image retrieval. Intelligent Image Databases: Towards Advanced Image Retrieval serves as an excellent reference and may be used as a text for advanced courses on the topic.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	0a31
authors	Johnson, Scott
year	1998
title	Toward Making the Language of CAAD Match the Language of Architecture: A Protean Elements Approach
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1998.093
source	Computerised Craftsmanship [eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Paris (France) 24-26 September 1998, pp. 93-100
summary	Both in education and in practice, architecture is experiencing a division between designers and "CAD specialists." One reason for the division may be the inherent division between design concepts and CAD concepts. In a very real sense, computer use and design utilize different languages. Becoming an expert in the "craft" of CAD means having to learn to recognize and manipulate a different set of conceptual elements than is used in design. The set of concepts we use affects our thought and behavior incredibly deeply, and translation from one set of concepts to another has significant cognitive cost. This paper discusses the mismatch between architectural and CAD concepts, and proposes protean elements as a solution to the problem. Protean elements are CAD system elements which correspond to architectural elements and have attributes appropriate for the elements they represent. They can be gradually refined in a top-down manner, without demands for certain pieces of missing data, or requirements for "correctness." The goal is to help CAD systems come closer to speaking the same language as architects. A test implementation of a system based on protean elements is currently underway, and aspects of this implementation are discussed.
series	eCAADe
more	http://www.paris-valdemarne.archi.fr/archive/ecaade98/html/02johnson/index.htm
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	8a40
authors	Kolarevic, Branko
year	1998
title	A Pedagogical Model for an Introductory CAAD Course
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1998.039
source	CAADRIA ‘98 [Proceedings of The Third Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 4-907662-009] Osaka (Japan) 22-24 April 1998, pp. 39-46
summary	This paper presents a pedagogical model developed for an introductory CAAD course in the first year of architecture studies. The model is based on a set of exercises that emphasize the use of electronic media for the collection of information, its distribution, presentation, transformation, interpretation, and abstraction. The primary goal was to enable students to creatively apply digital media in their design work by simultaneously introducing them to a wide range of applications, and by enabling them to engage in abstract exploration of shapes, forms, and images.
keywords	Electronic Design Media, Pedagogy, CAAD Education
series	CAADRIA
email
more	http://www.caadria.org
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	ddss9861
id	ddss9861
authors	Leusen, M. van and Mitossi, V.
year	1998
title	A practical experiment in representation and analysis of buildings
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary	The TYPOLOGY project was set up by the Dutch Government Building Agency (GBA) to explore computerised representations of buildings that allow analysis of various aspects of their performance. So far this project produced the RF-model, an abstract computerised representation.Physical elements of the building are not represented as such, only individual spaces and boundary segments along which they are adjacent are represented explicitly. Spaces can have any number of functional properties such as the general category of floor area they are included in, the activities they accommodate, or the particular safety compartment or circulation system they belong to. Similarly, boundary segments may, for example, provide access or view, may be included in a particularcategory, such as interior walls, or in a safety or security barrier.The RF-model enabled the presentation and quantitative analysis of design proposals for large and complex buildings such as courts of justice and prison buildings. The model is also used in a multiaspect analysis of a series of recently erected Dutch prison buildings. We expect that these first results will develop into a rich and professional precedent-based system, to be used in the early stages of design. The strategic goal of the project is to derive from the accumulated models and their analysis a more general understanding of the relations between a building’s actual characteristics and various aspects of its performance.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ddss9846
id	ddss9846
authors	Rigatti, Decio
year	1998
title	Rubem Berta Housing Estate: Order and Structure, Designand Use
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary	The main goal of this paper is to investigate, through some space configurational based tools, a quite common phenomenon found in many different locations in Brazil, concerning the process of urban changes individually introduced by dwellers of public housing estates. A significant number of housing estates, particularly those designed according to rationalist concepts, seem to be unable to support space related social requirements and are then widely transformed when compared to the original layouts. Beyond the quantitative features, the morphological changes that take place in those housing estates mean a fundamental new approach to understand how completely new urban structures can arisefrom the space produced by a comprehensive urban design, took as a starting point for the transformations made by the dwellers of those settlements. As a case study is analysed the Rubem Berta Housing Estate which was built in Porto Alegre/RS, Brazil, for 20,000 people in the late 70’s. Since the begining of its occupation in 1986 and the invasion that took place in 1987, the urban transformations there have never stopped. It’s possible to realize that the dwellers individually use some constant physical rules to define the new settlement which are very similar within the estate itself and, at the same time, very similar to those found in other transformed housing estates of this sort. The physical rules introduced change the features of the entire settlement in two different levels: a) locally, through the transformations introduced in order to solve individual needs; b) globally, the local rules of physical transformations produce a new overall structure for the whole urban complex. The knowledge of this process makes it possible to bring to the surface of architectural theory some generic configurational codes that can be used as a tool for designing public housing estates in Brazil.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ddss9840
id	ddss9840
authors	Mahdavi, A., Akin, Ö. and Zhang, Y.
year	1998
title	Formalization of Concurrent Performance Requirementsin Building Problem Composition
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary	Specification of performance requirements is an emerging area of research that promises to improve building design particularly during the early stages of design. Building problem decomposition and recomposition can be based on a number of requirement categories in order to group buildingfunctions into hierarchically organized groups. Traditionally this activity is known as stacking and blocking, or zoning; and limited to spatial requirements. Our long term objective is to broaden this set into a more comprehensive one, including thermal, acoustic, and daylighting; and improve the stateof- the-art in building performance specification. While domain information from various building performance areas may be applicable toward enriching the informational basis for stacking andblocking operations, this paper focuses primarily on the thermal and acoustic domain.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	d35f
authors	Akin, O.
year	1997
title	Researching Descriptive Models of Design
source	Automation in Construction 7 (2-3) (1998) pp. 97-100
summary	This special double issue is a result of the international symposium and workshop on „Descriptive Models of Design“ wich was held during July 1-5, 1996, at Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey. The primary goal of the symposium was to promote greater understanding and to develop recommendations for funding policy and practices in the area of descriptive models of design.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:22

_id	029f
authors	Bermudez, Julio and King, Kevin
year	1998
title	Media Interaction & Design Process: Establishing a Knowledge Base
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1998.006
source	Digital Design Studios: Do Computers Make a Difference? [ACADIA Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-07-1] Québec City (Canada) October 22-25, 1998, pp. 6-25
summary	Integrating computers in architectural design means to negotiate between centuries-old analog design methods and the new digital systems of production. Analog systems of architectural production use tracing paper, vellum, graphite and ink, clipboard, clay, balsa wood, plastic, metal, etc. Analog systems have also been termed ‘handmade’, ‘manual’, ‘material’ or ‘physical’. Digital systems of architectural production use scanning, image manipulation, visualization, solid modeling, computer aided drafting, animation, rendering, etc. Digital systems have also been called ‘electronic’, ‘computer-aided’, ‘virtual’, etc. The difficulty lies in the underdeveloped state of the necessary methods, techniques, and theories to relate traditional and new media. Recent investigations on the use of multiple iterations between manual and electronic systems to advance architectural work show promising results. However, these experiments have not been sufficiently codified, cross-referenced and third party tested to conform a reliable knowledge base. This paper addresses this shortcoming by bringing together reported experiences from diverse researchers over the past decade. This summary is informed by more than three years of continuous investigation in the impacts of analog-digital conversations in the design process. The goal is to establish a state-of-the-art common foundation that permits instructors, researchers and practitioners to refer to, utilize, test, criticize and develop. An appendix is included providing support for the paper’s arguments.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	0c54
authors	Datta, Sambit and Woodbury, Robert F.
year	1998
title	Reducing Semantic Distance in Generative Systems: A Massing Example
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1998.164
source	Digital Design Studios: Do Computers Make a Difference? [ACADIA Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-07-1] Québec City (Canada) October 22-25, 1998, pp. 164-171
summary	Generative design formalisms utilise discrete, constructive steps to encode strategies for formal change. In physical design media, the pervasive metaphor for doing design is the direct and continuous manipulation of the developing form. The goal of our investigation is to develop mixed initiative approaches to design exploration. In this paper, we address how constrained manipulation in generative systems can support both discrete and continuous modes of interaction. Massing is a common strategy for processing conceptual notions about three dimensional form. We use massing models of tenth century temple cellas as an example to illustrate an environment for constrained manipulation.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	43
authors	Horacio A. Torres. Lic. Geog. Cesira Morano. Guillermo Tella
year	1998
title	Utilización de un Sig Para la Formulacion de un Diagnostico Socioterritorial de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires (Use of a GIS for the Formulation of a Socio-territorial Diagnostic of the City of Buenos Aires)
source	II Seminario Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-97190-0-X] Mar del Plata (Argentina) 9-11 september 1998, pp. 324-331
summary	The use of a GIS to assist the elaboration of a socioterritorial diagnosis of the City of Buenos Aires. This paper is based on the result of two research projects sponsored by the University of Buenos Aires (Project AR01 0 and Project Cl-94). From the beginning of 1998 onwards these results have been applied to the development of a "socio-territorial diagnosis" of the City of Buenos Aires, an applied research project funded by the Government of the City of Buenos Aires and carried out by the Facultad de Arquitectura, Diseho y Urbanismo, Universidad de Buenos Aires (Research Unit: PROHAB). The main goal of the analysis was the identification of the spatial distribution pattern of of the selected variables, directed to the delimitation of "social areas". The facilities provided by the GIS allowed us to perform this task in an exploratory manner. An analysis of the 3405 census tracts of the City of Buenos Aires (the central part of the agglomeration) is presented here. A great number of indices were constructed based on variables of the Argentine National Census of Population and Housing referred to housing conditions, housing type, provision of services, origin of the population, educational level, etc. This paper describes the various steps necessary for the application of a GIS, including the digitizing of the cartographic base and the statistical elaboration of the census information (provided by the INDEC in magnetic medium). A colour cartographic output that can be considered a first approximation of the "social map" of the city in 1991 is presented.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:53

_id	c38b
authors	Kunz, J.C., Christiansen, T.R., Cohen, G.P., Jin, Y. and Levitt, R.E.
year	1998
title	The Virtual Design Team
source	Communications of The ACM, Vol. 41, No. 11, November, 1998
summary	The long range goal of the Virtual Design Team" (VDT) research program is to develop computational tools to analyze decision making and communication behavior and thereby to support true organizational (re)engineering. This article introduces the underlying theory, the implementation of the theory as a computational model, and results from industrial test cases. Organization theory traditionally describes organizations only at an aggregate-level, describing and predicting the behavior of entire organizations in terms of general qualitative predictions. We define and implement a "micro" theory of the structure and behavior of components of organizations, explicitly representing activities, groups of people called "actors," and organizational structure and policies for project teams. A VDT model can be "run" by a discrete event simulation. Emergent aggregate model output behaviors include the predicted time to complete a project, the total effort to do the project, and a measure of process quality. More detailed model behaviors include the time-varying backlog of individual actors and the "exceptions" associated with activities. The results are detailed and specific, so they can guide specific managerial interventions in a project team and can support sensitivity studies of the relative impact of different organizational changes. We conclude that such a theory is tractable and predictive for complex but relatively routine, project-oriented design tasks. The application for which VDT offers unique new kinds of insights is where an organization is striving to shrink time to market dramatically for a product that is similar to ones it has previously developed. Reducing time to market dramatically almost always requires that previously sequential activities are executed more concurrently. In this situation, experienced managers can still correctly identify the required activities and estimate their durations and skill requirements; but they almost always underestimate the increased workload arising from exponentially higher coordination needs and the propagation of rework between the now highly concurrent activities. The VDT framework, which explicitly models information dependency and failure propagation between concurrent activities, has proven to be far more accurate, and to incorporate a wider range of parameters, than CPM/PERT process models for these fast-paced development projects."
series	journal paper
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	612c
authors	Madrazo, Leandro
year	1998
title	Computers and Architectural Design: Going Beyond the Tool
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1998.044
source	Digital Design Studios: Do Computers Make a Difference? [ACADIA Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-07-1] Québec City (Canada) October 22-25, 1998, pp. 44-57
summary	More often than not, discussions taking place in specialised conferences dealing with computers and design tend to focus mostly on the tool itself. What the computer can do that other tools cannot, how computers might improve design and whether a new aesthetic would result from the computer; these are among the most recurrent issues addressed in those forums. But, by placing the instrument at the center of the debate, we might be distorting the nature of design. In the course KEYWORDS, carried out in the years 1992 and 1993 at the ETH Zurich, the goal was to transcend the discourses that concentrate on the computer, integrating it in a wider theoretical framework including principles of modern art and architecture. This paper presents a summary of the content and results of this course.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	a616
authors	Mallot - Hanspeter, A. and Gillner, S.
year	1998
title	Navigation and acquisition of spatial knowledge in a virtual maze
source	Journal of Cognitive Neuro-Science, 10, pp. 445-463
summary	Spatial behavior in humans and animals includes a wide variety of behavioral competences and makes use of a large number of sensory cues. Here we studied the ability of human subjects to search locations, to find shortcuts and novel paths, to estimate distances between remembered places, and to draw sketch maps of the explored environment; these competences are related to goal-independent memory of space, or cognitive maps. Information on spatial relations was restricted to two types: a visual motion sequence generated by simulated movements in a virtual maze and the subject's own movement decisions defining the path through the maze. Visual information was local (i.e., no global landmarks or compass information was provided). Other position and movement information (vestibular or proprioceptive) was excluded. The amount of visual information provided was varied over four experimental conditions. The results indicate that human subjects are able to learn a virtual maze from sequences of local views and movements. The information acquired is local, consisting of recognized positions and movement decisions associated to them. Although simple associations of this type can be shown to be present in some subjects, more complete configurational knowledge is acquired as well. The results are discussed in a view-based framework of navigation and the representation of spatial knowledge by means of a view graph.
series	journal paper
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	256b
authors	Martens, Bob and Herbert, Peter
year	2002
title	Virtual Reconstruction of Synagogues Systematic Maintenance of Modeling Data
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2002.512
source	Connecting the Real and the Virtual - design e-ducation [20th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-0-8] Warsaw (Poland) 18-20 September 2002, pp. 512-517
summary	Computer-assisted reconstruction of no-longer existent (architectural) objects and their surroundings practically amounts to a “virtual comeback”. Irreversible destruction having removed identity-establishing buildings from the urban surface for all times is the principal cause for the attempt of renewed imaginating. Following the destruction of the so-called “Reichskristall-Night” of November 1938 the synagogues of the Jewish community in Vienna surely are to be considered for a virtual reconstruction. 60 years later, in the commemorative year of 1998 the first synagogue reconstruction was initiated. The medium-range goal, however, aims at the reconstruction of at least ten further synagogues within a project to be carried out in stages to be pursued over a period of several years. Fluctuations concerning the people involved in handling also call for a structure to be tracked down later on. This contribution deals with handling of modeling in a systematic manner aiming at a traceable data structure being of utmost importance for subsequent use and following-up work.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	f299
authors	Martens, Bob and Peter, Herbert
year	2002
title	Developing Systematics Regarding Virtual Reconstruction of Synagogues
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2002.349
source	Thresholds - Design, Research, Education and Practice, in the Space Between the Physical and the Virtual [Proceedings of the 2002 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-11-X] Pomona (California) 24-27 October 2002, pp. 349-356
summary	Computer-assisted reconstruction of no-longer existent (architectural) objects and their surroundingsamounts to a “virtual comeback”. Irreversible destruction having removed identity-establishing buildingsfrom the urban surface forever is the principal reason for re-creating them by imagination. Following thedestruction during the so-called “Reichskristall-Night” of November 1938, the synagogues of the Jewishcommunity in Vienna will only survive by means of virtual reconstruction. Sixty years later, in the commemorativeyear of 1998, the first synagogue reconstruction was initiated. The medium-range goal,however, aims at the reconstruction of at least ten additional synagogues as a project to be carried outin stages over a period of several years. Changes in personnel also call for a structure to be trackeddown later on. This paper deals with handling of modeling in a systematic manner, taking intoconsideration personnel changes,aiming at a traceable data structure for subsequent use and follow-upwork.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	8b37
authors	Massie, T.
year	1998
title	A Tangible Goal for 3D Modeling
source	IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications. pp. 62 - 65. Vol. 18, Issue: 3
summary	Although the speed of computers increases exponentially, the amount and quality of useful work that we perform on them seems to increase linearly at best. Faster processors are not enough-to significantly increase the utility of computers requires new computer interfaces. The keyboard was adequate for text-based applications, but the advent of the desktop metaphor and windows computing environment demanded a new mechanical interface-the mouse. As we progress into applications that incorporate interactive life-like 3D computer graphics, the mouse falls short as a user interface device, and it becomes obvious that 3D computer graphics could achieve much more with a more intuitive user interface mechanism. Haptic interfaces, or forcefeedback devices, promise to increase the quality of humancomputer interaction by accommodating our sense of touch. Of all the senses, only touch is bidirectional-allowing us to perceive and change objects simultaneously in the same location. Because the sense of touch is so compelling, researchers have studied it for some time.1,2 (Refer to the annual proceedings of the Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems, published by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York.) Various commercial devices are now available that can accommodate1 even seven degrees of freedom. I used the three degrees-of-freedom Phantom haptic interface for most of the interactions described in this article. Users interact with the Phantom interface with their finger in a thimble or by holding a stylus
series	journal paper
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	ba1b
authors	Schnier, T. and Gero, J.S.
year	1998
title	From Frank Lloyd Wright to Mondrian: Transforming evolving representations
source	I. Parmee (Ed.), Adaptive Computing in Design and Manufacture, Springer, London, pp. 207-219
summary	If a computer is to create designs with the goal of following a certain style it has to have information about this style. Unfortunately, the most often used method of formal representations of style, shape grammars, does not lend itself to automated implementation. However, It has been shown how an evolutionary system with evolving representation can provide an alternative approach that allows a system to learn style knowledge automatically and without the need for an explicit representation. This paper shows how the applicability of evolved representation can be extended by the introduction of transformations of the representation. One such transformation allows mixing of style knowledge, similar to the cross-breeding of animals of different races, with the added possibility of controlling exactly what features are used from which source. This can be achieved through different ways of mixing representations learned from different examples and then using the new, combined representation to create new designs. In a similar manner, information learned in one application domain can be used in a different domain. To achieve this, either the representation or the genotype-phenotype transformation has to be adapted. The same operations also allow mixing of knowledge from different domains. As an example, we show how style information learned from a set of Mondrian paintings can be combined with style information from a Frank Lloyd Wright window design, to create new window designs. Also, we show how the combined style information can then be used to create three-dimensional objects, showing style features similar to the newly designed windows.
keywords	Genetic Engineering, Learning
series	other
email
last changed	2003/04/06 09:02

_id	8a05
authors	Van Leeuwen, J., Dubbelman, T. and Achten, H.
year	1998
title	ICT as a Means of Education
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1998.131.2
source	Computerised Craftsmanship [eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Paris (France) 24-26 September 1998, pp. 131-137
summary	ICT and architecture are often viewed as separate subjects, that can also be taught separately. If the goal of teaching is to produce learned designers, then it is necessary to combine both issues into a single course. The paper presents the innovation of a traditional CAD course that suffered from decreasing results. We present the problems identified in the existing course and the measures taken to reorganise the contents and didactical approach of the course. The paper focuses on the innovation of the course by the introduction of information and communication technologies (ICT) both in the contents of the course and as a means of education. Abandoning printed images as the result of students? work, the new course required students to create a web page to present their efforts on architectural design, modelling, and visualisation. This had a beneficial effect on the students? attitude and enthusiasm for the course. It also allowed better planning of the course in terms of
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.paris-valdemarne.archi.fr/archive/ecaade98/html/42van_leeuwen/index.htm
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

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