Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	41
authors	Peh, Calvin and Noble, Douglas
year	1998
title	The Design of Computer Working and Teaching Environments
source	II Seminario Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-97190-0-X] Mar del Plata (Argentina) 9-11 september 1998, pp. 310-315
summary	It is undeniable that the computer has affected every aspect of our lives. Many people work with computers on a daily basis, from writing e-mail or simply browsing the internet to hours of serious modeling and drafting for those in the architecture field. As we spend more time working with computers, research into improving computer teaching and working environments becomes more important. For those working in an architecture office, it almost certain that a major part of the day will be spent in front of a computer drafting. This research provides a preliminary set of guidelines that can be applied in the design of computer working/teaching environments. The on-going research is focussed in creating facilities geared toward user comfort and productivity and improving teaching environments. It covers issues regarding the position and orientation of the room, lighting aspect (including natural and artificial light), acoustics, user visual comfort, psychrometric conditions, furnishings, and the adaptability of the space for future changes. The project includes analysis of existing examples of computer-lecture rooms, noting the problems and suggesting improvements.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:57

_id	fb22
authors	Chien, Sheng-Fen
year	1998
title	Supporting information navigation in generative design systems
source	Camegie Mellon University, School of Architecture
summary	Generative design systems make it easier for designers to generate and explore design altematives, but the amount of information generated during a design session can become very large. Intelligent navigation aids are needed to enable designers to access the information with ease. Such aids may improve the usability of generative design systems and encourage their use in architectural practice. This dissertation presents a comprehensive approach to support navigation in generative design systems. This approach takes account of studies related to human spatial cognition, wayfinding in physical environments, and information navigation in electronic media. It contains a general model of design space, basic navigation operations, and principles for designing navigation support. The design space model describes how the space may grow and evolve along predictable dimensions. The basic operations facilitate navigation activities in this multi-dimensional design space. The design principles aim at guiding system developers in creating navigation utilities tailored to the needs of individual design systems. This approach is validated through prototype implementations and limited pilot usability studies. The validity of the design space model and basic navigation operations is examined through the development of a design space navigation framework that encapsulates the model and operations in a software environment and provides the infrastructure and mechanisms for supporting navigation. Three prototype navigation tools are implemented using this framework. These tools are subjected to usability studies. The studies show that these tools are easy to leam and are efficient in assisting designers locating desired information. In summary, it can be demonstrated that through the prototype implementations and usability studies, this approach offers sufficient support for the design and implementation of navigation aids in a generative design system. The research effort is a pioneer study on navigation support in generative design systems. It demonstrates why navigation support is necessary; how to provide the support; and what types of user interaction it can offer. This research contributes to information navigation studies not only in the specific domain of generative design system research, but also in the general field of human-computer interaction.
series	thesis:PhD
email
last changed	2003/02/12 22:37

_id	ddss9829
id	ddss9829
authors	De Hoog, J., Hendriks, N.A. and Rutten, P.G.S.
year	1998
title	Evaluating Office Buildings with MOLCA(Model for Office Life Cycle Assessment)
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary	MOLCA (Model for Office Life Cycle Assessment) is a project that aims to develop a tool that enables designers and builders to evaluate the environmental impact of their designs (of office buildings) from a environmental point of view. The model used is based on guidelinesgiven by ISO 14000, using the so-called Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. The MOLCA project started in 1997 and will be finished in 2001 resulting in the aforementioned tool. MOLCA is a module within broader research conducted at the Eindhoven University of Technology aiming to reduce design risks to a minimum in the early design stages.Since the MOLCA project started two major case-studies have been carried out. One into the difference in environmental load caused by using concrete and steel roof systems respectively and the role of recycling. The second study focused on biases in LCA data and how to handle them. For the simulations a computer-model named SimaPro was used, using the world-wide accepted method developed by CML (Centre for the Environment, Leiden, the Netherlands). With this model different life-cycle scenarios were studied and evaluated. Based on those two case studies and a third one into an office area, a first model has been developed.Bottle-neck in this field of study is estimating average recycling and re-use percentages of the total flow of material waste in the building sector and collecting reliable process data. Another problem within LCA studies is estimating the reliability of the input data and modelling uncertainties. All these topics will be subject of further analysis.
keywords	Life-Cycle Assessment, Office Buildings, Uncertainties in LCA
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ddss9838
id	ddss9838
authors	Mallory-Hill, Shauna
year	1998
title	Building a Case-Based Design Assistant forWorkplace Environment Design
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary	This paper reports on the early stages of development of a case-based design tool. The purpose of this tool, called the Workplace Environment Design Advisor (WEDA), is to support architects in the conceptual design of workplace environments. The objective of this system is to provide electronic storage, retrieval and the exploration of post-occupancy performance knowledge of workplace environments. The paper provides a description of the reasoning behind choosing a case-based approach and thesteps used to develop a prototype case-based system. This includes recent efforts to collect and structure real case data. This experience led to observations about issues such as case content (the availability and format of post-occupancy data) and retrieval strategies. The data collected for use in the system is based on a building-in-use study of the Centre ofBuilding Research’s office rooms located at the University of Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	a136
authors	Blaise, J.Y., Dudek, I. and Drap, P.
year	1998
title	Java collaborative interface for architectural simulations A case study on wooden ceilings of Krakow
source	International Conference On Conservation - Krakow 2000, 23-24 November 1998, Krakow, Poland
summary	Concern for the architectural and urban preservation problems has been considerably increasing in the past decades, and with it the necessity to investigate the consequences and opportunities opened for the conservation discipline by the development of computer-based systems. Architectural interventions on historical edifices or in preserved urban fabric face conservationists and architects with specific problems related to the handling and exchange of a variety of historical documents and representations. The recent development of information technologies offers opportunities to favour a better access to such data, as well as means to represent architectural hypothesis or design. Developing applications for the Internet also introduces a greater capacity to exchange experiences or ideas and to invest on low-cost collaborative working platforms. In the field of the architectural heritage, our research addresses two problems: historical data and documentation of the edifice, methods of representation (knowledge modelling and visualisation) of the edifice. This research is connected with the ARKIW POLONIUM co-operation program that links the MAP-GAMSAU CNRS laboratory (Marseilles, France) and the Institute HAiKZ of Kraków's Faculty of Architecture. The ARKIW programme deals with questions related to the use of information technologies in the recording, protection and studying of the architectural heritage. Case studies are chosen in order to experience and validate a technical platform dedicated to the formalisation and exchange of knowledge related to the architectural heritage (architectural data management, representation and simulation tools, survey methods, ...). A special focus is put on the evolution of the urban fabric and on the simulation of reconstructional hypothesis. Our contribution will introduce current ARKIW internet applications and experiences: The ARPENTEUR architectural survey experiment on Wie¿a Ratuszowa (a photogrammetrical survey based on an architectural model). A Gothic and Renaissance reconstruction of the Ratusz Krakowski using a commercial modelisation and animation software (MAYA). The SOL on line documentation interface for Kraków's Rynek G_ówny. Internet analytical approach in the presentation of morphological informations about Kraków's Kramy Bogate Rynku Krakowskiego. Object-Orientation approach in the modelling of the architectural corpus. The VALIDEUR and HUBLOT Virtual Reality modellers for the simulation and representation of reconstructional hypothesis and corpus analysis.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	6df0
authors	Komatsu, Kiichiro and Watanabe, Shun
year	1998
title	Spatial Database for Model Analysis Methods
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1998.203
source	CAADRIA ‘98 [Proceedings of The Third Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 4-907662-009] Osaka (Japan) 22-24 April 1998, pp. 203-212
summary	In the field of architectural and urban planning and design, computer education needs to move beyond basic computer literacy and have more emphasis placed on special subjects related to planning and design. How to manage spatial data is becoming an essential issue for research and education in planning and design especially in the analysis and evaluation phases. This paper discusses the importance of spatial data in planning education and shows how a common spatial database for model analysis methods was constructed at the University of Tsukuba. The database consists of many geographical and statistical data files classified under the standard region mesh codes and covers the whole country from global areas to local areas. Web-based instructions about how to use the database have also been prepared which enable students to study practical spatial analysis by themselves.
keywords	Education, Database, GIS, Spatial Analysis
series	CAADRIA
email
more	http://www.caadria.org
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	31
authors	Leal, Miriam
year	1998
title	Propuesta Que Integra Sig-Multimedia Para Ser Aplicado Al Patrimonio Cultural Unsj-Ar (Proposal that Integrates GIS-Multimedia for Application on the Cultural Patrimony Unsj-Ar)
source	II Seminario Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-97190-0-X] Mar del Plata (Argentina) 9-11 september 1998, pp. 238-243
summary	The proper knowledge and appraisal of our cultural inheritance as well as its consistent diffusion are respected and powerful tools to safeguard it. The possibilities offered by a georeferenced of our cultural inheritance by means of GIS as well as its integration with multimedial resources such as images, animation,digitized video,voice an sound of aregional scope constitute a valuable tool having a significant potential in the study, protection and diffusion of our cultural inheritance. The objective of the present proposal is to show by way of a GIS application that presents georeferenced information of the province of San Juan, an integration of written documents, sound documents (popular music), folkloric elements (images) and digitized videos about the cultural inheritance of eminent places of the province of San Juan, that we are more committed ourselves to preserve due to their peculiar aridity characteristics and highly seismical risk. Some personalized icons displaying the afore mentioned resources are incorporated into the GIS application. The GIS-database presents an field destined to give data regarding the information source consulted about the inheritance.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:54

_id	6eb1
authors	Lloyd, P. and Deasley, P.
year	1998
title	Ethnographic description of design networks
source	Automation in Construction 7 (2-3) (1998) pp. 101-110
summary	One of the central themes of a commercial design process is communication. Complex design artefacts, rather than being rationally thought out by individuals, evolve through designers negotiating and bargaining with clients and peers alike. Problems are resolved through discussion and explanation. The 'design process,' as a reified entity, cannot be apprehended by any individual. Understanding of the process is spread over a social network, and through the narratives and discourses that are forged from day to day. This is design as a social process. The focus of the present paper is twofold. First, we wish to establish the field of ethnography as a particularly useful method of describing design in its social form. Secondly, we describe the results of a design case study we have carried out, using ethnographic methods, in an aerospace manufacturing company. We observe informal structures determining work activity, and the use of subtle `role' playing in problem-solving.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:22

_id	63d1
authors	Rapid Prototyping Group Rapid Design and Manufacture Centre (RDM), Ryder, G., Ion, B., Green, G., Harrison, D. and Wood, Bruce
year	2002
title	Rapid design and manufacture tools in architecture
source	Automation in Construction 11 (3) (2002) pp. 279-290
summary	The continuing development of Rapid Prototyping technologies and the introduction of Concept Modelling technologies means that their use is expanding into a greater range of applications. The primary aim of this paper is to give the reader an overview of the current state of the art in Layered Manufacturing (LM) technology and its applicability in the field of architecture. The paper reports on the findings of a benchmarking study, conducted by the Rapid Design and Manufacturing (RDM) Group in Glasgow [G.J. Ryder, A. McGown, W. Ion, G. Green, D. Harrison, B. Wood, Rapid Prototyping Feasibility Report, Rapid Prototyping Group, Glasgow School of Art, 1998.], which identified that the applicability of LM technologies in any application can be governed by a series of critical process and application specific issues. A further survey carried out by the RDM group investigated current model making practice, current 3D CAD use and current use of LM technologies within the field of architecture. The findings are then compared with the capabilities of LM technologies. Future research needs in this area are identified and briefly outlined.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:23

_id	1c8e
authors	Schmitt, Gerhard
year	1998
title	Shared Authorship in Design - Phase (X) and Multiplying time
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1998.015
source	Computers in Design Studio Teaching [EAAE/eCAADe International Workshop Proceedings / ISBN 09523687-7-3] Leuven (Belgium) 13-14 November 1998, pp. 15-30
summary	Information Technology allows us to conquer space, time and.. architecture. Information is increasingly tangible, so far as to become an architectural building material itself. Design is no longer restricted to the invention and construction of physical artifacts, it includes virtual worlds, mixed physical and virtual environments, interfaces between the real and the virtual. Design is no longer the responsibility of one single author, although single authorship has always been more of an ideal or a wish rather than a reality. We are now moving towards an increased awareness and acceptance of shared authorship - this is also true outside the field of architecture.
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.eaae.be/
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	avocaad_2001_19
id	avocaad_2001_19
authors	Shen-Kai Tang, Yu-Tung Liu, Yu-Sheng Chung, Chi-Seng Chung
year	2001
title	The visual harmony between new and old materials in the restoration of historical architecture: A study of computer simulation
source	AVOCAAD - ADDED VALUE OF COMPUTER AIDED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Nys Koenraad, Provoost Tom, Verbeke Johan, Verleye Johan (Eds.), (2001) Hogeschool voor Wetenschap en Kunst - Departement Architectuur Sint-Lucas, Campus Brussel, ISBN 80-76101-05-1
summary	In the research of historical architecture restoration, scholars respectively focus on the field of architectural context and architectural archeology (Shi, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1995; Fu, 1995, 1997; Chiu, 2000) or on architecture construction and the procedure of restoration (Shi, 1988, 1989; Chiu, 1990). How to choose materials and cope with their durability becomes an important issue in the restoration of historical architecture (Dasser, 1990; Wang, 1998).In the related research of the usage and durability of materials, some scholars deem that, instead of continuing the traditional ways that last for hundreds of years (that is to replace new materials with old ones), it might be better to keep the original materials (Dasser, 1990). However, unavoidably, some of the originals are much worn. Thus we have to first establish the standard of eliminating components, and secondly to replace identical or similar materials with the old components (Lee, 1990). After accomplishing the restoration, we often unexpectedly find out that the renewed historical building is too new that the sense of history is eliminated (Dasser, 1990; Fu, 1997). Actually this is the important factor that determines the accomplishment of restoration. In the past, some scholars find out that the contrast and conflict between new and old materials are contributed to the different time of manufacture and different coating, such as antiseptic, pattern, etc., which result in the discrepancy of the sense of visual perception (Lee, 1990; Fu, 1997; Dasser, 1990).In recent years, a number of researches and practice of computer technology have been done in the field of architectural design. We are able to proceed design communication more exactly by the application of some systematic softwares, such as image processing, computer graphic, computer modeling/rendering, animation, multimedia, virtual reality and so on (Lawson, 1995; Liu, 1996). The application of computer technology to the research of the preservation of historical architecture is comparatively late. Continually some researchers explore the procedure of restoration by computer simulation technology (Potier, 2000), or establish digital database of the investigation of historical architecture (Sasada, 2000; Wang, 1998). How to choose materials by the technology of computer simulation influences the sense of visual perception. Liu (2000) has a more complete result on visual impact analysis and assessment (VIAA) about the research of urban design projection. The main subjects of this research paper focuses on whether the technology of computer simulation can extenuate the conflict between new and old materials that imposed on visual perception.The objective of this paper is to propose a standard method of visual harmony effects for materials in historical architecture (taking the Gigi Train Station destroyed by the earthquake in last September as the operating example).There are five steps in this research: 1.Categorize the materials of historical architecture and establish the information in digital database. 2.Get new materials of historical architecture and establish the information in digital database. 3.According to the mixing amount of new and old materials, determinate their proportion of the building; mixing new and old materials in a certain way. 4.Assign the mixed materials to the computer model and proceed the simulation of lighting. 5.Make experts and the citizens to evaluate the accomplished computer model in order to propose the expected standard method.According to the experiment mentioned above, we first address a procedure of material simulation of the historical architecture restoration and then offer some suggestions of how to mix new and old materials.By this procedure of simulation, we offer a better view to control the restoration of historical architecture. And, the discrepancy and discordance by new and old materials can be released. Moreover, we thus avoid to reconstructing ¡§too new¡¨ historical architecture.
series	AVOCAAD
email
last changed	2005/09/09 10:48

_id	avocaad_2001_20
id	avocaad_2001_20
authors	Shen-Kai Tang
year	2001
title	Toward a procedure of computer simulation in the restoration of historical architecture
source	AVOCAAD - ADDED VALUE OF COMPUTER AIDED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Nys Koenraad, Provoost Tom, Verbeke Johan, Verleye Johan (Eds.), (2001) Hogeschool voor Wetenschap en Kunst - Departement Architectuur Sint-Lucas, Campus Brussel, ISBN 80-76101-05-1
summary	In the field of architectural design, “visualization¨ generally refers to some media, communicating and representing the idea of designers, such as ordinary drafts, maps, perspectives, photos and physical models, etc. (Rahman, 1992; Susan, 2000). The main reason why we adopt visualization is that it enables us to understand clearly and to control complicated procedures (Gombrich, 1990). Secondly, the way we get design knowledge is more from the published visualized images and less from personal experiences (Evans, 1989). Thus the importance of the representation of visualization is manifested.Due to the developments of computer technology in recent years, various computer aided design system are invented and used in a great amount, such as image processing, computer graphic, computer modeling/rendering, animation, multimedia, virtual reality and collaboration, etc. (Lawson, 1995; Liu, 1996). The conventional media are greatly replaced by computer media, and the visualization is further brought into the computerized stage. The procedure of visual impact analysis and assessment (VIAA), addressed by Rahman (1992), is renewed and amended for the intervention of computer (Liu, 2000). Based on the procedures above, a great amount of applied researches are proceeded. Therefore it is evident that the computer visualization is helpful to the discussion and evaluation during the design process (Hall, 1988, 1990, 1992, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998; Liu, 1997; Sasada, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1993, 1997, 1998). In addition to the process of architectural design, the computer visualization is also applied to the subject of construction, which is repeatedly amended and corrected by the images of computer simulation (Liu, 2000). Potier (2000) probes into the contextual research and restoration of historical architecture by the technology of computer simulation before the practical restoration is constructed. In this way he established a communicative mode among archeologists, architects via computer media.In the research of restoration and preservation of historical architecture in Taiwan, many scholars have been devoted into the studies of historical contextual criticism (Shi, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1995; Fu, 1995, 1997; Chiu, 2000). Clues that accompany the historical contextual criticism (such as oral information, writings, photographs, pictures, etc.) help to explore the construction and the procedure of restoration (Hung, 1995), and serve as an aid to the studies of the usage and durability of the materials in the restoration of historical architecture (Dasser, 1990; Wang, 1998). Many clues are lost, because historical architecture is often age-old (Hung, 1995). Under the circumstance, restoration of historical architecture can only be proceeded by restricted pictures, written data and oral information (Shi, 1989). Therefore, computer simulation is employed by scholars to simulate the condition of historical architecture with restricted information after restoration (Potier, 2000). Yet this is only the early stage of computer-aid restoration. The focus of the paper aims at exploring that whether visual simulation of computer can help to investigate the practice of restoration and the estimation and evaluation after restoration.By exploring the restoration of historical architecture (taking the Gigi Train Station destroyed by the earthquake in last September as the operating example), this study aims to establish a complete work on computer visualization, including the concept of restoration, the practice of restoration, and the estimation and evaluation of restoration.This research is to simulate the process of restoration by computer simulation based on visualized media (restricted pictures, restricted written data and restricted oral information) and the specialized experience of historical architects (Potier, 2000). During the process of practicing, communicates with craftsmen repeatedly with some simulated alternatives, and makes the result as the foundation of evaluating and adjusting the simulating process and outcome. In this way we address a suitable and complete process of computer visualization for historical architecture.The significance of this paper is that we are able to control every detail more exactly, and then prevent possible problems during the process of restoration of historical architecture.
series	AVOCAAD
email
last changed	2005/09/09 10:48

_id	e174
authors	Simondefti, Alvise
year	1998
title	Rapid Prototyping Based Design: Creation of a Prototype Environment to Explore Three Dimensional Conceptual Design
source	Cyber-Real Design [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 83-905377-2-9] Bialystock (Poland), 23-25 April 1998, pp. 189-203
summary	Much research and several papers have been written in the field of Rapid Prototyping by engineers with a focus on its capability to increase design and manufacturing process and performances. However only few have addressed the use of Rapid Prototyping in the early stages of the design process. Recently with designers using this technology, a new role is beginning to delineate. This paper looks at Rapid Prototyping as a tool for design thought. All design experiments were conducted by the author working in team with design student colleagues. The experiments focussed on non-trivial design problems and were conducted in parallel with the research on the tools used. The design was inspired by questions raised by the research and similarly the research questions were informed by the development of the design. The first section attempts a summary of technical evaluations by the author of selected rapid prototyping based design environments where the experiments occurred. This section reflects the point of view of the operator. The five environment selected are ordered according to their increasing level of sophistication. By providing an account of several experiments, the second part of the paper highlights the areas of the early stages of design where rapid prototyping appeared to be a unique tool in providing valuable feedback to the designer.
series	plCAD
email
more	http://www.sd.polyu.edu.hk/
last changed	1999/04/08 17:23

_id	37ae
authors	Tarandi, Väino
year	1998
title	Neutral intelligent CAD communication: information exchange in construction based upon a minimal schema
source	KTH Stockholm
summary	An improved information exchange is frequently proposed as one solution to the inefficiency problems which the construction industry is suffering from today. Such an improvement is very dependent of the use of information technology, IT. To enable an advanced use of IT, there is a need for integrated project communications frameworks and integrated industry wide information. This thesis discusses how product models can be used to improve the information exchange from design to construction. Today there are several approaches to product modelling. Some researchers propose very detailed models whereas others propose generic models with fewer concepts. In this area there is a close connection between research and standardisation, which is carried out by organisations such as the ISO STEP committee and the International Alliance for Interoperability. To get acceptance for a standard proposal, it has to be accepted by both users and standardisation bodies. Thus this research, in addition to the technical requirements on information content and structure, also discusses success factors for standardisation, implementation and usage. In order to define important requirements on a product model for information exchange between design and construction, current research, development and standardisation in the field of product modelling was studied. This thesis advocates a minimal approach in the number of concepts used in a product model, in combination with an external building element classification, following national industry practice. The minimal NICC schema, developed during this research, was tested in a prototype and test study. Three applications were tested: PreFacto (planning tool), Microsoft Project (time scheduling tool) and Calc3(cost estimation tool). From the CAD-system MCAD, NICC files with the building objects were created and transferred into a relational database from which the three applications received their specific input files. The results of the evaluation of the NICC schema and the test study demonstrated that a product model based on few concepts can manage the required information exchange.
keywords	Construction; Product Models; Standardisation; Minimal Models; Requirements; Conceptual Schema
series	thesis:PhD
email
last changed	2003/02/12 22:37

_id	6c98
authors	Tsou, Jin-Yeu
year	1998
title	Applying Computational Fluid Dynamics to Architectural Design Development - Strategy and Implementation
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1998.133
source	CAADRIA ‘98 [Proceedings of The Third Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 4-907662-009] Osaka (Japan) 22-24 April 1998, pp. 133-142
summary	This paper presents the development process and preliminary results of several research projects that apply computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to architectural design. The CFD On-line Teaching project is developing a multimedia training course for architecture students to apply CFD simulation to their projects. Each lesson illus-trates basic principles regarding air flow in building design, and provides CFD sample files with pre-defined flow cells for students to test these concepts. The Chinese Temple project uses CFD simulation to study the wind resistance of a Tong Dynasty heavy timber structure, with particular attention to the roof form. Air flow information generated in the project includes the visual representation of the pressure distribution and velocity field on all slices through the temple, as well as particle tracks around and through the building. The Urban Housing Air Duct project focuses on air duct design for the China Experimental Urban Housing Scheme. The visual representation of the pressure distribution and velocity field in the ducts provides vital information for helping the China Housing Research Center improve the current design.
keywords	CFD, Scientific Visualization, Computer-Aided Architecture Design
series	CAADRIA
email
more	http://www.caadria.org
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	fc80
authors	Ubbelohde, S. and Humann, C.
year	1998
title	Comparative Evaluation of Four Daylighting Software Programs
source	1998 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings Proceedings. American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy
summary	By the mid-1980's, a number of software packages were under development to predict daylighting performance in buildings, in particular illumination levels in daylighted spaces. An evaluation in 1988 by Ubbelohde et al. demonstrated that none of the software then available was capable of predicting the simplest of real daylighting designs. In the last ten years computer capabilities have evolved rapidly and we have four major packages widely available in the United States. This paper presents a comparative evaluation from the perspective of building and daylighting design practice. A contemporary building completed in 1993 was used as a base case for evaluation. We present the results from field measurements, software predictions and physical modeling as a basis for discussing the capabilities of the software packages in architectural design practice. We found the current software packages far more powerful and nuanced in their ability to predict daylight than previously. Some can accurately predict quantitative daylight performance under varying sky conditions and produce handsome and accurate visualizations of the space. The programs differ significantly, however, in their ease of use, modeling basis and the emphasis between quantitative predictions and visualization in the output.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	13
authors	Vasquez de Velasco, Guillermo and Akleman, Ergun
year	1998
title	Arquitectos de Virtualidad - Nuevo Mercado, Nueva Curricula (Architects of Virtuality - New Market, New Curricula)
source	II Seminario Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-97190-0-X] Mar del Plata (Argentina) 9-11 september 1998, pp. 116-123
summary	The potential of 3D virtual environments in the field of architecture and the roll of the architect in the development of such environments are subjects that require our attention. In particular, the subject of virtual architecture, not as representation of future buildings but as an architectural product to be inhabited in a virtual context, surely requires our attention. The paper addresses the question of validating Virtual Architecture" as an architectural product and makes reference to the potential it offers for the professional intervention of the architect. In such a context, the paper elaborates on the expertise that the Architects of Virtuality needs to acquire. For conclusions, the paper develops a model of curriculum that articulates traditional elements from the curriculum of architecture and the curriculum of graphic design.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 10:02

_id	82dd
authors	Wang, Cheng-jui
year	1998
title	Shape Cognition in Design - Constructing a Cognitive Model of Shapes for Different Design Fields
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1998.347
source	CAADRIA ‘98 [Proceedings of The Third Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 4-907662-009] Osaka (Japan) 22-24 April 1998, pp. 347-354
summary	The purpose of this paper is to reveal the characteristics of shape cognition of different design fields in the ‘intuitive design’ domain, and to construct a cognitive model of shape cognition for different design fields. The research procedure used in this study consisted of two phases. The first phase was applied to protocol analysis study of three professional designers in architectural design, industrial design and graphic design respectively. In the second phase, one controlled laboratory experiment was designed to reveal the characteristics of designers’ shape perception in different ‘intuitive design’ fields. By these empirical findings, we found that designer’s cognitive processes of shapes would be not alike in different design fields. The results suggest that in different design fields, designer’s shape cognition processes will be different, and in each design field, similar cognitive processes of shape contained different design meanings.
keywords	Design Process, Shape Cognition, Preferred Perception, Protocol Analysis
series	CAADRIA
email
more	http://www.caadria.org
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	bba1
authors	Yau, N. and Yang, J.
year	1998
title	Applying case-based reasoning technique to retaining wall selection
source	Automation in Construction 7 (4) (1998) pp. 271-283
summary	Case-based reasoning (CBR) approach recalls and learns from previous cases to resolve or provide recommendations for current problems. This study presents a case-based retaining wall selection system (CASTLES) in which the case base consists of 254 previous retaining wall cases in design reports in Taiwan. According to the ability of the user's input to accurately describe the characteristics of a new project and a predefined similarity function, CASTLES identifies a set of feasible retaining-wall systems from the case base. Comparing CASTLES with four actual field cases reveals that the case-based reasoning approach is highly promising for selecting retaining wall systems.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:23

_id	avocaad_2001_09
id	avocaad_2001_09
authors	Yu-Tung Liu, Yung-Ching Yeh, Sheng-Cheng Shih
year	2001
title	Digital Architecture in CAD studio and Internet-based competition
source	AVOCAAD - ADDED VALUE OF COMPUTER AIDED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Nys Koenraad, Provoost Tom, Verbeke Johan, Verleye Johan (Eds.), (2001) Hogeschool voor Wetenschap en Kunst - Departement Architectuur Sint-Lucas, Campus Brussel, ISBN 80-76101-05-1
summary	Architectural design has been changing because of the vast and creative use of computer in different ways. From the viewpoint of designing itself, computer has been used as drawing tools in the latter phase of design (Mitchell 1977; Coyne et al. 1990), presentation and simulation tools in the middle phase (Liu and Bai 2000), and even critical media which triggers creative thinking in the very early phase (Maher et al. 2000; Liu 1999; Won 1999). All the various roles that computer can play have been adopted in a number of professional design corporations and so-called computer-aided design (CAD) studio in schools worldwide (Kvan 1997, 2000; Cheng 1998). The processes and outcomes of design have been continuously developing to capture the movement of the computer age. However, from the viewpoint of social-cultural theories of architecture, the evolvement of design cannot be achieved solely by designers or design processes. Any new idea of design can be accepted socially, culturally and historically only under one condition: The design outcomes could be reviewed and appreciated by critics in the field at the time of its production (Csikszentmihalyi 1986, 1988; Schon and Wiggins 1992; Liu 2000). In other words, aspects of design production (by designers in different design processes) are as critical as those of design appreciation (by critics in different review processes) in the observation of the future trends of architecture.Nevertheless, in the field of architectural design with computer and Internet, that is, so-called computer-aided design computer-mediated design, or internet-based design, most existing studies pay more attentions to producing design in design processes as mentioned above. Relatively few studies focus on how critics act and how they interact with designers in the review processes. Therefore, this study intends to investigate some evolving phenomena of the interaction between design production and appreciation in the environment of computer and Internet.This paper takes a CAD studio and an Internet-based competition as examples. The CAD studio includes 7 master's students and 2 critics, all from the same countries. The Internet-based competition, held in year 2000, includes 206 designers from 43 counties and 26 critics from 11 countries. 3 students and the 2 critics in the CAD studio are the competition participating designers and critics respectively. The methodological steps are as follows: 1. A qualitative analysis: observation and interview of the 3 participants and 2 reviewers who join both the CAD studio and the competition. The 4 analytical criteria are the kinds of presenting media, the kinds of supportive media (such as verbal and gesture/facial data), stages of the review processes, and interaction between the designer and critics. The behavioral data are acquired by recording the design presentation and dialogue within 3 months. 2. A quantitative analysis: statistical analysis of the detailed reviewing data in the CAD studio and the competition. The four 4 analytical factors are the reviewing time, the number of reviewing of the same project, the comparison between different projects, and grades/comments. 3. Both the qualitative and quantitative data are cross analyzed and discussed, based on the theories of design thinking, design production/appreciation, and the appreciative system (Goodman 1978, 1984).The result of this study indicates that the interaction between design production and appreciation during the review processes could differ significantly. The review processes could be either linear or cyclic due to the influences from the kinds of media, the environmental discrepancies between studio and Internet, as well as cognitive thinking/memory capacity. The design production and appreciation seem to be more linear in CAD studio whereas more cyclic in the Internet environment. This distinction coincides with the complementary observations of designing as a linear process (Jones 1970; Simon 1981) or a cyclic movement (Schon and Wiggins 1992). Some phenomena during the two processes are also illustrated in detail in this paper.This study is merely a starting point of the research in design production and appreciation in the computer and network age. The future direction of investigation is to establish a theoretical model for the interaction between design production and appreciation based on current findings. The model is expected to conduct using revised protocol analysis and interviews. The other future research is to explore how design computing creativity emerge from the process of producing and appreciating.
series	AVOCAAD
email
last changed	2005/09/09 10:48

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