Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	bf8f
authors	Novitszki, B.J.
year	1998
title	Rendering Real and Imagined Buildings: The Art of Computer Modeling from the Palace of Kublai Khan to Le Corbusier‘s Villas
source	Gloucester, MA: Rockport Publishing
summary	Rendering Real and Imagined Buildings explores the world of buildings that were, that could have been or that are yet to be. Advances in architectural rendering programs on the computer can allow architects to explore unbuilt architecture, test structures, discover details, and see in 3-D what cannot be shown on paper. The book presents 27 buildings from an ancient temple to a house by Frank Lloyd Wright to an airport for the future.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	ba1b
authors	Schnier, T. and Gero, J.S.
year	1998
title	From Frank Lloyd Wright to Mondrian: Transforming evolving representations
source	I. Parmee (Ed.), Adaptive Computing in Design and Manufacture, Springer, London, pp. 207-219
summary	If a computer is to create designs with the goal of following a certain style it has to have information about this style. Unfortunately, the most often used method of formal representations of style, shape grammars, does not lend itself to automated implementation. However, It has been shown how an evolutionary system with evolving representation can provide an alternative approach that allows a system to learn style knowledge automatically and without the need for an explicit representation. This paper shows how the applicability of evolved representation can be extended by the introduction of transformations of the representation. One such transformation allows mixing of style knowledge, similar to the cross-breeding of animals of different races, with the added possibility of controlling exactly what features are used from which source. This can be achieved through different ways of mixing representations learned from different examples and then using the new, combined representation to create new designs. In a similar manner, information learned in one application domain can be used in a different domain. To achieve this, either the representation or the genotype-phenotype transformation has to be adapted. The same operations also allow mixing of knowledge from different domains. As an example, we show how style information learned from a set of Mondrian paintings can be combined with style information from a Frank Lloyd Wright window design, to create new window designs. Also, we show how the combined style information can then be used to create three-dimensional objects, showing style features similar to the newly designed windows.
keywords	Genetic Engineering, Learning
series	other
email
last changed	2003/04/06 09:02

_id	62cc
authors	Seebohm, T. and Wallace, W.
year	1998
title	Rule-based representation of design in architectural practice
source	Automation in Construction 8 (1) (1998) pp. 73-85
summary	It is suggested that expert systems storing the design knowledge of particular offices in terms of stylistic and construction practice provide a means to take considerably more advantage of information technology than currently. The form of the knowledge stored by such expert systems is a building representation in the form of rules stating how components are placed in three-dimensional space relative to each other. By describing how Frank Lloyd Wright designed his Usonian houses it is demonstrated that the proposed approach is very much in the spirit of distinguished architectural practice. To illustrate this idea, a system for assembling three-dimensional architectural details is presented with particular emphasis on the nature of the rules and the form of the building components created by the rules to assemble typical details. The nature of the rules, which are a three-dimensional adaptation of Stiny's shape grammars, is described. In particular, it is shown how the rules themselves are structured into different classes, what the nature of these classes is and how specific rules can be obtained from more general rules. The rules embody a firm's collective design experience in detailing. As a conclusion, an overview is given of architectural practice using rule-based representations.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:23

_id	744f
authors	Conforti, Frank and Grabowski, Ralph
year	1998
title	Microstation for AutoCad Users : A Bi-Directional Handbook
source	Delmar Publishers Publishers Inc.
summary	This book provides the last word on feature-by-feature comparisons of AutoCAD and MicroStation from the user's perspective. Each chapter presents a quick summary of a specific feature in AutoCAD, followed by the related feature in MicroStation. AutoCAD software users will find the book to be a great asset in transitioning from the AutoCAD environment to the MicroStation design environment. Conversely, the book is equally valuable for the MicroStation product user who needs to make the transition to AutoCAD. Thorough coverage of translating drawings between AutoCAD and MicroStation provides vital information for users working with both platforms. For the user who works with both products and for the user who wants to know more about the "other" software package, this is the book for you. An Online Companion™ allows users to access the Autodesk Press web site for information on job resources, professional organizations, updates and more.
series	other
last changed	2003/02/26 18:58

_id	6eb1
authors	Lloyd, P. and Deasley, P.
year	1998
title	Ethnographic description of design networks
source	Automation in Construction 7 (2-3) (1998) pp. 101-110
summary	One of the central themes of a commercial design process is communication. Complex design artefacts, rather than being rationally thought out by individuals, evolve through designers negotiating and bargaining with clients and peers alike. Problems are resolved through discussion and explanation. The 'design process,' as a reified entity, cannot be apprehended by any individual. Understanding of the process is spread over a social network, and through the narratives and discourses that are forged from day to day. This is design as a social process. The focus of the present paper is twofold. First, we wish to establish the field of ethnography as a particularly useful method of describing design in its social form. Secondly, we describe the results of a design case study we have carried out, using ethnographic methods, in an aerospace manufacturing company. We observe informal structures determining work activity, and the use of subtle `role' playing in problem-solving.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:22

_id	6df0
authors	Komatsu, Kiichiro and Watanabe, Shun
year	1998
title	Spatial Database for Model Analysis Methods
source	CAADRIA ‘98 [Proceedings of The Third Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 4-907662-009] Osaka (Japan) 22-24 April 1998, pp. 203-212
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1998.203
summary	In the field of architectural and urban planning and design, computer education needs to move beyond basic computer literacy and have more emphasis placed on special subjects related to planning and design. How to manage spatial data is becoming an essential issue for research and education in planning and design especially in the analysis and evaluation phases. This paper discusses the importance of spatial data in planning education and shows how a common spatial database for model analysis methods was constructed at the University of Tsukuba. The database consists of many geographical and statistical data files classified under the standard region mesh codes and covers the whole country from global areas to local areas. Web-based instructions about how to use the database have also been prepared which enable students to study practical spatial analysis by themselves.
keywords	Education, Database, GIS, Spatial Analysis
series	CAADRIA
email
more	http://www.caadria.org
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	2ca1
authors	Montagu, A. and Bermudez, J.
year	1998
title	Datarq: The Development of a Website of Modern Contemporary Architecture
source	Computerised Craftsmanship [eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Paris (France) 24-26 September 1998
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1998.x.p7a
summary	The pedagogic approach in the architectural field is suffering a deep change taking in consideration the impact that has been produced mainly by the CAD and multimedia procedures. An additional view to be taken in consideration is the challenge produced by the influence of advanced IT which since 1990-92, has affected positively the exchange of information among people of the academic environment. Several studies confirm this hypothesis, from the wide cultural spectrum when the digitalization process was emerging as an alternative way to data processing (Bateson 1976) to the pedagogical-computational side analyzed by (Papert 1996). One of the main characteristics indicated by S. Papert (op.cit) is the idea of "self teaching" which students are used everywhere due to the constant augment of "friendly" software and the decreasing costs of hardware. Another consequences to point out by S. Paper (op.cit) is that will be more probably that students at home will have more actualized equipment that most of the computer lab. of schools in general. Therefore, the main hypothesis of this paper is, "if we are able to combine usual tutorials design methods with the concept of "self-teaching" regarding the paradigmatic architectural models that are used in practically all the schools of architecture (Le Corbusier, F.L.Wright, M.v. der Rohe, M.Botta, T.Ando, etc.) using a Web site available to everybody, what we are doing is expanding the existing knowledge in the libraries and fulfill the future requirements of the newly generations of students".
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.paris-valdemarne.archi.fr/archive/ecaade98/html/35montagu/index.htm
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ddss9840
id	ddss9840
authors	Mahdavi, A., Akin, Ö. and Zhang, Y.
year	1998
title	Formalization of Concurrent Performance Requirementsin Building Problem Composition
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary	Specification of performance requirements is an emerging area of research that promises to improve building design particularly during the early stages of design. Building problem decomposition and recomposition can be based on a number of requirement categories in order to group buildingfunctions into hierarchically organized groups. Traditionally this activity is known as stacking and blocking, or zoning; and limited to spatial requirements. Our long term objective is to broaden this set into a more comprehensive one, including thermal, acoustic, and daylighting; and improve the stateof- the-art in building performance specification. While domain information from various building performance areas may be applicable toward enriching the informational basis for stacking andblocking operations, this paper focuses primarily on the thermal and acoustic domain.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	fc80
authors	Ubbelohde, S. and Humann, C.
year	1998
title	Comparative Evaluation of Four Daylighting Software Programs
source	1998 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings Proceedings. American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy
summary	By the mid-1980's, a number of software packages were under development to predict daylighting performance in buildings, in particular illumination levels in daylighted spaces. An evaluation in 1988 by Ubbelohde et al. demonstrated that none of the software then available was capable of predicting the simplest of real daylighting designs. In the last ten years computer capabilities have evolved rapidly and we have four major packages widely available in the United States. This paper presents a comparative evaluation from the perspective of building and daylighting design practice. A contemporary building completed in 1993 was used as a base case for evaluation. We present the results from field measurements, software predictions and physical modeling as a basis for discussing the capabilities of the software packages in architectural design practice. We found the current software packages far more powerful and nuanced in their ability to predict daylight than previously. Some can accurately predict quantitative daylight performance under varying sky conditions and produce handsome and accurate visualizations of the space. The programs differ significantly, however, in their ease of use, modeling basis and the emphasis between quantitative predictions and visualization in the output.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	0453
authors	McIntosh, Patricia G.
year	1998
title	The Internet as Communication Medium and Online Laboratory For Architecture Research
source	Computerised Craftsmanship [eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Paris (France) 24-26 September 1998, pp. 151-157
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1998.151
summary	This case study documents the experiences of two courses recently conducted on the Internet. The courses are a sequence of core methods courses offered to post-professional degree architecture students studying in a Computer Aided Design concentration in a Master of Science program. In these courses the students use the Internet as a communication medium and as a research tool using the Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML). The VRML interface in the Web browser serves as an online laboratory and presents new opportunities for communication and for studying distributed computing in a multimedia and multidimensional environment.
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.paris-valdemarne.archi.fr/archive/ecaade98/html/09mcintosh/index.htm
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	e35f
authors	Monedero, Javier
year	1998
title	The Role of the Architect in the Age of Automatic Reproduction
source	Computerised Craftsmanship [eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Paris (France) 24-26 September 1998, pp. 158-163
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1998.158
summary	This paper is a general reflection on the relationship between computer architectural education and professional practice or, in other words, the social role of architects. This reflection is grounded on the experience of the author as director of a Master program on computerized architectural projects and as professor of two general school courses: one consisting on a theoretical review of computer applications in architecture, the other consisting on a practical development of modeling and visualization techniques. The main argument is that little attention is being given in recent publications and CAAD conferences to the actual role of architect in society and that a big gap is growing between what is currently taught in architectural schools and what happens in real life. This gap has as one pole what is loosely called the "star system" of famous architects that create singular buildings and that constitute the main reference of our architectural culture and, as another pole, the rigid laws of the market that dictate the types of most residential buildings. This lack of attention manifests itself in the unbalanced weight of papers on multimedia, historical modeling or visualization techniques and papers on housing or architectural current elements analysis. Some very interesting lines of research, perhaps distorted due to an insufficient analysis of the general notion of type in architecture, have been abandoned without much comment. The conclusion is that a discussion on this line would perhaps help to define better the distance between computer craftsmanship and architectural education.
series	eCAADe
more	http://www.paris-valdemarne.archi.fr/archive/ecaade98/html/33monedero/index.htm
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	40
authors	Prieto, Carlos and Serrentino, Roberto
year	1998
title	Configuraciones Urbanas Recursivas (Recursive Urban Configurations)
source	II Seminario Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-97190-0-X] Mar del Plata (Argentina) 9-11 september 1998, pp. 300-309
summary	A method to develop skills using digital techniques in architectural and design fields is proposed. Recursive procedures in successive cycles of abstraction are used applied for the urban layout design process. Each configurational cycle (master plan, urban modules, buildings, habitational units) is separated and exaggerated to face the process with pedagogical goals. Urban factors that conform the city are identified in order to classify repetitive urban problems. A patch of the city, in which a master plan is developed, is isolated and is submitted the measurable tests related to the Architectural and Design projecting process, enfatizating the following aspects., its systemic structures, its geometry and its growing. Alometric concepts and growing form analogies are used as scale control method in transformations and in recursive cycles. Based in two potentially recursive theories, fractals and tessellation's theories, a pedagogic procedure oriented to the use of tessellations is proposed using CAD systems tools.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:58

_id	94ea
authors	Youngblut, C.
year	1998
title	Educational Uses of Virtual Reality Technology
source	Institute for Defence Analyses, Washington 1998
summary	Educating current and future generations of American children to live in an information society is a critical issue. It is compounded by the recognized need to provide life-long education for all citizens and to support a flexible workforce. Virtual reality (VR) technology has been widely proposed as a major technological advance that can offer significant support for such education. There are several ways in which VR technology is expected to facilitate learning. One of its unique capabilities is the ability to allow students to visualize abstract concepts, to observe events at atomic or planetary scales, and to visit environments and interact with events that distance, time, or safety factors make unavailable. The types of activities supported by this capability facilitate current educational thinking that students are better able to master, retain, and generalize new knowledge when they are actively involved in constructing that knowledge in a learning-by-doing situation. The potential of VR technology for supporting education is widely recognized. Several programs designed to introduce large numbers of students and teachers to the technology have been established, a number of academic institutions have developed research programs to investigate key issues, and some public schools are evaluating the technology.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	avocaad_2001_09
id	avocaad_2001_09
authors	Yu-Tung Liu, Yung-Ching Yeh, Sheng-Cheng Shih
year	2001
title	Digital Architecture in CAD studio and Internet-based competition
source	AVOCAAD - ADDED VALUE OF COMPUTER AIDED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Nys Koenraad, Provoost Tom, Verbeke Johan, Verleye Johan (Eds.), (2001) Hogeschool voor Wetenschap en Kunst - Departement Architectuur Sint-Lucas, Campus Brussel, ISBN 80-76101-05-1
summary	Architectural design has been changing because of the vast and creative use of computer in different ways. From the viewpoint of designing itself, computer has been used as drawing tools in the latter phase of design (Mitchell 1977; Coyne et al. 1990), presentation and simulation tools in the middle phase (Liu and Bai 2000), and even critical media which triggers creative thinking in the very early phase (Maher et al. 2000; Liu 1999; Won 1999). All the various roles that computer can play have been adopted in a number of professional design corporations and so-called computer-aided design (CAD) studio in schools worldwide (Kvan 1997, 2000; Cheng 1998). The processes and outcomes of design have been continuously developing to capture the movement of the computer age. However, from the viewpoint of social-cultural theories of architecture, the evolvement of design cannot be achieved solely by designers or design processes. Any new idea of design can be accepted socially, culturally and historically only under one condition: The design outcomes could be reviewed and appreciated by critics in the field at the time of its production (Csikszentmihalyi 1986, 1988; Schon and Wiggins 1992; Liu 2000). In other words, aspects of design production (by designers in different design processes) are as critical as those of design appreciation (by critics in different review processes) in the observation of the future trends of architecture.Nevertheless, in the field of architectural design with computer and Internet, that is, so-called computer-aided design computer-mediated design, or internet-based design, most existing studies pay more attentions to producing design in design processes as mentioned above. Relatively few studies focus on how critics act and how they interact with designers in the review processes. Therefore, this study intends to investigate some evolving phenomena of the interaction between design production and appreciation in the environment of computer and Internet.This paper takes a CAD studio and an Internet-based competition as examples. The CAD studio includes 7 master's students and 2 critics, all from the same countries. The Internet-based competition, held in year 2000, includes 206 designers from 43 counties and 26 critics from 11 countries. 3 students and the 2 critics in the CAD studio are the competition participating designers and critics respectively. The methodological steps are as follows: 1. A qualitative analysis: observation and interview of the 3 participants and 2 reviewers who join both the CAD studio and the competition. The 4 analytical criteria are the kinds of presenting media, the kinds of supportive media (such as verbal and gesture/facial data), stages of the review processes, and interaction between the designer and critics. The behavioral data are acquired by recording the design presentation and dialogue within 3 months. 2. A quantitative analysis: statistical analysis of the detailed reviewing data in the CAD studio and the competition. The four 4 analytical factors are the reviewing time, the number of reviewing of the same project, the comparison between different projects, and grades/comments. 3. Both the qualitative and quantitative data are cross analyzed and discussed, based on the theories of design thinking, design production/appreciation, and the appreciative system (Goodman 1978, 1984).The result of this study indicates that the interaction between design production and appreciation during the review processes could differ significantly. The review processes could be either linear or cyclic due to the influences from the kinds of media, the environmental discrepancies between studio and Internet, as well as cognitive thinking/memory capacity. The design production and appreciation seem to be more linear in CAD studio whereas more cyclic in the Internet environment. This distinction coincides with the complementary observations of designing as a linear process (Jones 1970; Simon 1981) or a cyclic movement (Schon and Wiggins 1992). Some phenomena during the two processes are also illustrated in detail in this paper.This study is merely a starting point of the research in design production and appreciation in the computer and network age. The future direction of investigation is to establish a theoretical model for the interaction between design production and appreciation based on current findings. The model is expected to conduct using revised protocol analysis and interviews. The other future research is to explore how design computing creativity emerge from the process of producing and appreciating.
series	AVOCAAD
email
last changed	2005/09/09 10:48

_id	d414
authors	Zalewski, Waclaw and Allen, Edward
year	1998
title	Shaping Structures
source	New York: John Wiley and Sons
summary	In Shaping Structures, an engineer and an architect, both longtime teachers of structures at major American universities, collaborate to present an inspired synthesis of the creative and the technical, explicating both the principles of statics and their application to the fascinating task of finding good form for structures. This richly visual volume features: * An easily understood development of the fundamentals of statics * Step-by-step demonstrations, using both numerical and graphical techniques, of simple yet powerful methods for finding form and forces for arched structures, suspended structures, cable-stayed structures, and highly efficient trusses * 120 photographs and more than 300 crisp drawings that illustrate and explain the magnificent structural triumphs of master architects and engineers -including Gustave Eiffel's famous tower, Robert Maillart's soaring bridges, Pier Luigi Nervi's landmark Turin Exhibition Hall, and many others * Calculations in both SI metric and conventional units throughout the book Requiring only the most rudimentary mathematical background yet accurate and fully functional, Shaping Structures provides an inviting point of entry to the study of structural design for engineering and architecture students -proving that the science of statics doesn't have to be lifeless, simplistic, or dull.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

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