Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ba1b
authors	Schnier, T. and Gero, J.S.
year	1998
title	From Frank Lloyd Wright to Mondrian: Transforming evolving representations
source	I. Parmee (Ed.), Adaptive Computing in Design and Manufacture, Springer, London, pp. 207-219
summary	If a computer is to create designs with the goal of following a certain style it has to have information about this style. Unfortunately, the most often used method of formal representations of style, shape grammars, does not lend itself to automated implementation. However, It has been shown how an evolutionary system with evolving representation can provide an alternative approach that allows a system to learn style knowledge automatically and without the need for an explicit representation. This paper shows how the applicability of evolved representation can be extended by the introduction of transformations of the representation. One such transformation allows mixing of style knowledge, similar to the cross-breeding of animals of different races, with the added possibility of controlling exactly what features are used from which source. This can be achieved through different ways of mixing representations learned from different examples and then using the new, combined representation to create new designs. In a similar manner, information learned in one application domain can be used in a different domain. To achieve this, either the representation or the genotype-phenotype transformation has to be adapted. The same operations also allow mixing of knowledge from different domains. As an example, we show how style information learned from a set of Mondrian paintings can be combined with style information from a Frank Lloyd Wright window design, to create new window designs. Also, we show how the combined style information can then be used to create three-dimensional objects, showing style features similar to the newly designed windows.
keywords	Genetic Engineering, Learning
series	other
email
last changed	2003/04/06 09:02

_id	3542
authors	Cha, M.Y. and Gero, J.S.
year	1998
title	Shape pattern recognition using a computable shape pattern representation
source	J.S. Gero and F. Sudweeks (eds), Artificial Intelligence in Design '98, Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 169-188
summary	Properties of shapes and shape patterns are investigated in order to represent shape pattern knowledge for supporting shape pattern recognition. It is based on the notion that shape patterns are classified in terms of similarity of spatial relationships as well as physical properties. Methods for shape pattern recognition are explained and examples from an implementation are presented.
keywords	Shape Patterns, Shape Representation
series	other
email
last changed	2003/04/06 08:57

_id	eac5
authors	Damski, J. and Gero, J.S.
year	1998
title	Object representation and reasoning using halfplanes and logic
source	J.S. Gero and F. Sudweeks (eds), Artificial Intelligence in Design '98, Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 107-126
summary	Shapes and objects represent important ways with which to perceive and reason about the world. This paper develops a framework which uniformly encompasses both planar and non-planar surfaces to represent graphical objects in three dimensions. Based on the concept of halfspaces this framework allows the representation of volumes as predicates in logic. This representation is applied to demonstrate object concepts associated with reasoning about the topology of objects as individuals as well as groups of objects at the early, conceptual phase of designing. The example shows how both planar and non-planar boundaries of objects are treated uniformly.
keywords	Shape Reasoning, Logic Models
series	other
email
last changed	2003/04/06 08:59

_id	c702
authors	Gero, J.S.
year	1998
title	Towards a model of designing which includes its situatedness
source	H. Grabowski, S. Rude and G. Green (Eds.), Universal Design Theory, Shaker Verlag, Aachen, pp. 47-56
summary	This paper takes the F-B-S model and extends it to include the notions of situatedness derived from situated cognition.
keywords	F-B-S Model, Situatedness
series	other
email
last changed	2003/04/06 09:00

_id	99f2
authors	Gero, J.S.
year	1998
title	Concept formation in design
source	Knowledge-Based Systems 10(7-8): 429-435
summary	This paper presents a computationally tractable view on where simple design concepts come from by proposing a paradigm for the formation of design concepts based on the emergence of patterns in the representation of designs. It is suggested that these design patterns form the basis of concepts. These design patterns once learned are then added to the repertoire of known patterns so that they do not need to be learned again. This approach uses the notion called the loosely-wired brain. The paper elaborates this idea primarily through implemented examples drawn from the genetic engineering of evolutionary systems and the qualitative representation of shapes and their multiple representations.
keywords	Concept Formation, Pattern Emergence, Representation
series	other
email
last changed	2003/04/06 09:00

_id	cad3
authors	Gero, J.S.
year	1998
title	Conceptual designing as a sequence of situated acts
source	I. Smith (Ed.), Artificial Intelligence in Structural Engineering, Springer, Berlin, pp. 165-177
summary	This paper introduces conceptual designing within an F-B-S framework. It then goes on to describe a number of models of designing before introducing the notions of situatedness and situated acts. The remainder of the paper describes the role of situatedness and situated acts in conceptual designing. It attempts to show that a number of otherwise difficult design phenomena are modelable using situatedness and situated acts. A demonstration example concludes the paper along with some of the research issues this view of designing brings with it.
keywords	Conceptual Designing, Situatedness
series	other
email
last changed	2003/04/06 09:01

_id	b548
authors	Rosenman, M.A. and Gero, J.S.
year	1998
title	CAD modelling in multidisciplinary design domains
source	I. Smith (Ed.), Artificial Intelligence in Structural Engineering, Springer, Berlin, pp.335-347
summary	In a multidisciplinary design environment, such as the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) domain, the various designers will have their own views, concepts and representations of design objects, making communication in a CAD environment a complex task. This paper demonstrates that by taking into consideration the concepts of function and purpose such multiple views and representations can be accomodated. The representation of the functional properties of design objects and their purpose is the underlying basis for the formation of different representations and the coordination of these representations. The paper puts forward definitions for function and purpose which allow for the representation of these properties of a design object and for interdisciplinary communication and integration in a CAD environment.
keywords	Multiple Views, Representation
series	other
email
last changed	2003/04/06 09:02

_id	2ca1
authors	Montagu, A. and Bermudez, J.
year	1998
title	Datarq: The Development of a Website of Modern Contemporary Architecture
source	Computerised Craftsmanship [eCAADe Conference Proceedings] Paris (France) 24-26 September 1998
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1998.x.p7a
summary	The pedagogic approach in the architectural field is suffering a deep change taking in consideration the impact that has been produced mainly by the CAD and multimedia procedures. An additional view to be taken in consideration is the challenge produced by the influence of advanced IT which since 1990-92, has affected positively the exchange of information among people of the academic environment. Several studies confirm this hypothesis, from the wide cultural spectrum when the digitalization process was emerging as an alternative way to data processing (Bateson 1976) to the pedagogical-computational side analyzed by (Papert 1996). One of the main characteristics indicated by S. Papert (op.cit) is the idea of "self teaching" which students are used everywhere due to the constant augment of "friendly" software and the decreasing costs of hardware. Another consequences to point out by S. Paper (op.cit) is that will be more probably that students at home will have more actualized equipment that most of the computer lab. of schools in general. Therefore, the main hypothesis of this paper is, "if we are able to combine usual tutorials design methods with the concept of "self-teaching" regarding the paradigmatic architectural models that are used in practically all the schools of architecture (Le Corbusier, F.L.Wright, M.v. der Rohe, M.Botta, T.Ando, etc.) using a Web site available to everybody, what we are doing is expanding the existing knowledge in the libraries and fulfill the future requirements of the newly generations of students".
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.paris-valdemarne.archi.fr/archive/ecaade98/html/35montagu/index.htm
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	7561
authors	Streitz, N. A., Gei_ler, J. and Holmer, T.
year	1998
title	Roomware for Cooperative Buildings: Integrated Design of Architectural Spaces and Information Spaces
source	N.A. Streitz, S. Konomi, and H-J Burkhardt (eds), Cooperative Buildings: Integrating Information, Organization, and Architecture, Proceedings of CoBuild‘98, Springer, pp. 4-21
summary	In this paper, we introduce the concepts of "cooperative buildings" and "roomware" and place them in the context of the integrated design of real, physical, resp. architectural spaces and virtual, resp. digital information spaces. By "roomware" we mean computer-augmented things in rooms, like doors, walls, furniture, and others. The general approach is detailed via examples from the i-LAND project where we develop several "roomware" components in order to realize an interactive information and cooperation landscape, e.g. an innovative work environment for creativity teams. We describe the current realization of i-LAND which includes an interactive electronic wall, an interactive table, computer-augmented chairs, and a mechanism for assigning physical objects as representatives of information objects in the virtual world.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	caadria2007_659
id	caadria2007_659
authors	Chen, Zi-Ru
year	2007
title	The Combination of Design Media and Design Creativity _ Conventional and Digital Media
source	CAADRIA 2007 [Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Nanjing (China) 19-21 April 2007
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2007.x.w5x
summary	Creativity is always interested in many fields, in particular, creativity and design creativity have many interpretations (Boden, 1991; Gero and Maher, 1992, 1993; Kim, 1990; Sternberg, 1988; Weisberg, 1986). In early conceptual design process, designers used large number of sketches and drawings (Purcell and Gero, 1998). The sketch can inspire the designer to increase the creativity of the designer’s creations(Schenk, 1991; Goldschmidt, 1994; Suwa and Tversky, 1997). The freehand sketches by conventional media have been believed to play important roles in processes of the creative design thinking(Goldschmidt, 1991; Schon and Wiggins, 1992; Goel, 1995; Suwa et al., 2000; Verstijnen et al., 1998; Elsas van and Vergeest, 1998). Recently, there are many researches on inspiration of the design creativity by digital media(Liu, 2001; Sasada, 1999). The digital media have been used to apply the creative activities and that caused the occurrenssce of unexpected discovery in early design processes(Gero and Maher, 1993; Mitchell, 1993; Schmitt, 1994; Gero, 1996, 2000; Coyne and Subrahmanian, 1993; Boden, 1998; Huang, 2001; Chen, 2001; Manolya et al. 1998; Verstijinen et al., 1998; Lynn, 2001). In addition, there are many applications by combination of conventional and digital media in the sketches conceptual process. However, previous works only discussed that the individual media were related to the design creativity. The cognitive research about the application of conceptual sketches design by integrating both conventional and digital media simultaneously is absent.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	e122
authors	Park, Soo-Hoon and Gero, John S.
year	1998
title	Analysis of Architectural Sketches Using Categorical Shape Knowledge Based on Shape Features
source	CAADRIA ‘98 [Proceedings of The Third Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 4-907662-009] Osaka (Japan) 22-24 April 1998, pp. 405-414
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1998.405
summary	Shape feature analysis method is suggested as a computational support for the association of pictorial patterns of sketches with design semantics. Geometric patterns have been represented with qualitative scheme which is capable of representing classes for a collection of instances. Similarities to the particular shape feature categories have been measured to compare the sketch instances.
keywords	Sketches, Q-Code, Shape Feature, Categorical Shape Knowledge
series	CAADRIA
email
more	http://www.caadria.org
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	eb16
authors	Reffat, Rabee M. and Gero, John S.
year	1998
title	Learning About Shape Semantics: A Situated Learning Approach
source	CAADRIA ‘98 [Proceedings of The Third Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 4-907662-009] Osaka (Japan) 22-24 April 1998, pp. 375-384
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1998.375
summary	Designers recognise or make sense of objects in the context "situations" of other things. Design cannot be predicted and you have to be “at a particular set of states” in order to decide what to do. The inability to determine a priori all design states implies that any design process cannot be pre-planned and design actions cannot be pre-defined. Situated learning is based on the notion that knowledge is contextually situated and is fundamentally influenced by the context in which it is used. We propose a situated learning approach in the domain of architectural shapes design. This paper elaborates the concept of situated learning and demonstrates what it produces in the domain of shape semantics.
keywords	Architectural Shape Semantics, Situated Learning, Design Knowledge, Design Situations
series	CAADRIA
email
more	http://www.caadria.org
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	caadria2006_633
id	caadria2006_633
authors	WAN-YU LIU
year	2006
title	THE EMERGING DIGITAL STYLE: Attention shift in architectural style recognition
source	CAADRIA 2006 [Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Kumamoto (Japan) March 30th - April 2nd 2006, 633-635
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2006.x.g4f
summary	“Style” has long been an important index to observe the design thinking of designers in architecture. Gombrich (1968) defined style as a particular selection from the alternatives when doing things; Ackerman (1963) considered that a distiguishable ensemble of certain characteristics we call a style; Schapiro (1961) pointed out that style is constant forms, and sometimes the constant elements, qualities and expression; Kirsch (1998), Cha and Gero (1999) thought of style as a form element and shape pattern. As Simon and others referred to, style emerged from the process of problem solving, Chan (1994, 2001) ever devised a serious of experiments to set up the operational definitions of style, further five factors that relate to generating styles. Owing to that the greater part of sketches and drawings in the design process couldn’t be replaced by computer-aided design systems (Eisentraut, 1997), designers must shift between different problem-solving methods while facing different design problems. The purpose in this research is to discuss the influences of computer usage on style generation and style recognition: The employment of certain procedural factors that occurred in the design processes that using conventional media is different from the ones that using computer media? Do personal styles emerge while designers shifting between different media in the design processes? Does any unusual phenomenon emerge while accustomed CAD-systems designers recognizing a style?
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	ascaad2006_paper19
id	ascaad2006_paper19
authors	Arjun, G. and J. Plume
year	2006
title	Collaborative Architectural Design as a reflective Conversation: an agent facilitated system to support collaborative conceptual design
source	Computing in Architecture / Re-Thinking the Discourse: The Second International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2006), 25-27 April 2006, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
summary	In this paper, definitions of collaborative design are discussed and understood in terms of a designer’s cognitive collaborations to explore his/her experiential memory for remote idea associations. Based on Schon’s reflective practice theory, Valkenburg and Dorst’s (1998) description of collaborative team designing is adopted as a model for a proposed design conversation system. The design conversation system is aimed at triggering the experiential memory of the designer by associating significant ideas from different design domains to provide different perspectives of a design situation. The paper describes a proposed framework for the design conversation system incorporating computational agents in a blackboard architecture environment.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

_id	4c8a
authors	Ball, L.J., Maskill, L. and Ormerod, T.C.
year	1998
title	Satisficing in engineering design: causes, consequences and implications for design support
source	Automation in Construction 7 (2-3) (1998) pp. 213-227
summary	We describe an approach to investigating design cognition which involved comparing prescriptive theories of good design practice with observations of actual design behaviour. The tenet of prescriptive theory which formed the focus of the research is the idea that designers should generate and evaluate multiple design alternatives in order to increase the chances of attaining better design solutions than might arise if they fixated upon an initial solution. Our study focused upon six professional electronic engineers attempting a novel integrated-circuit design problem. Verbal-protocol data revealed: (i) a failure to search for alternative solutions; (ii) a marked inclination to stick with early `satisficing' solution ideas even when these were showing deficiencies; and (iii) only superficial modelling and assessment of competing alternatives when such options were actually considered. We argue that while minimal solution search in design may sometimes be caused by motivational factors and working-memory limitations, its major determinant relates to inhibitory memory processes that arise subsequent to the recognition-based emergence of familiar design solutions. We conclude by exploring the implications of minimal solution search for design support, with particular reference to an agent-based indexing system which we are developing in order to facilitate the pursuit of design alternatives in engineering contexts.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:22

_id	a136
authors	Blaise, J.Y., Dudek, I. and Drap, P.
year	1998
title	Java collaborative interface for architectural simulations A case study on wooden ceilings of Krakow
source	International Conference On Conservation - Krakow 2000, 23-24 November 1998, Krakow, Poland
summary	Concern for the architectural and urban preservation problems has been considerably increasing in the past decades, and with it the necessity to investigate the consequences and opportunities opened for the conservation discipline by the development of computer-based systems. Architectural interventions on historical edifices or in preserved urban fabric face conservationists and architects with specific problems related to the handling and exchange of a variety of historical documents and representations. The recent development of information technologies offers opportunities to favour a better access to such data, as well as means to represent architectural hypothesis or design. Developing applications for the Internet also introduces a greater capacity to exchange experiences or ideas and to invest on low-cost collaborative working platforms. In the field of the architectural heritage, our research addresses two problems: historical data and documentation of the edifice, methods of representation (knowledge modelling and visualisation) of the edifice. This research is connected with the ARKIW POLONIUM co-operation program that links the MAP-GAMSAU CNRS laboratory (Marseilles, France) and the Institute HAiKZ of Kraków's Faculty of Architecture. The ARKIW programme deals with questions related to the use of information technologies in the recording, protection and studying of the architectural heritage. Case studies are chosen in order to experience and validate a technical platform dedicated to the formalisation and exchange of knowledge related to the architectural heritage (architectural data management, representation and simulation tools, survey methods, ...). A special focus is put on the evolution of the urban fabric and on the simulation of reconstructional hypothesis. Our contribution will introduce current ARKIW internet applications and experiences: The ARPENTEUR architectural survey experiment on Wie¿a Ratuszowa (a photogrammetrical survey based on an architectural model). A Gothic and Renaissance reconstruction of the Ratusz Krakowski using a commercial modelisation and animation software (MAYA). The SOL on line documentation interface for Kraków's Rynek G_ówny. Internet analytical approach in the presentation of morphological informations about Kraków's Kramy Bogate Rynku Krakowskiego. Object-Orientation approach in the modelling of the architectural corpus. The VALIDEUR and HUBLOT Virtual Reality modellers for the simulation and representation of reconstructional hypothesis and corpus analysis.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	bb72
authors	Bourdot, P., Krus, M., Gherbi, R.
year	1998
title	Cooperation Between Reactive 3D Objects and a Multimodal X Window Kernel for CAD
source	Bunt, H., Beun, R.J., Borghuis, T. (Eds.). Multimodal Human-Computer Communication : Systems, Techniques, and Experiments. Berlin : Springer
summary	From the early steps of sketching to final engineering, a frequent and very important activity in designing objects is to perform graphical and spatial simulations to solve the constraints on the objects which are being designed. But when we analyse work situations involving the use of CAD systems, it is today an acknowledged fact that these tools are not helpful to perform these types of simulations. While knowledge modeling based on form feature concepts already offers some possibilities for attaching behaviour to objects, the simulation activity requires in addition a `real time' and `intelligent' management of the interactions between the 3D virtual objects and the CAD user. Our general purpose is to study how future CAD systems could be improved to achieve the simulation steps of object design. In this context we present some issues concerning the cooperation between a model of reactive 3D objects and a multimodal X Window kernel. We have developed a prototype of a system where objects with reactive behaviour can be built, and with which the user can interact with a combination of graphical actions and vocal commands. This prototype is used to evaluate the feasability and the usefulness of the integration of such techniques in futur applications that would be used by object designers in a real working context. We describe the current state of this system and the planned improvements.
series	other
last changed	2003/11/21 15:16

_id	c11a
authors	Campbell, D.A.
year	1998
title	VRML In Architectural Construction Documents: A Case Study
source	VRML 98 Monterey - Proceedings of the 1998 VRML Conference, pp. 115-120
summary	The Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) and the World Wide Web (WWW) offer new opportunities to communicate an architect's design intent throughout the design process. We have investigated the use of VRML in the production and communication of construction documents, the final phase of architectural building design. A prototype, experimental Web site was set up and used to disseminate design data as VRML models and HTML text to the design client, contractor, and fabricators. In this paper, we discuss the way our construction documents were developed in VRML, the issues we faced implementing it, and critical feedback from the users of the Web space/site. Finally, we suggest ways to enhance the VRML specification which would enable its widespread use as a communication tool in the design and construction industries. CR Categories and Subject Descriptors: 1.3.5 [Computer Graphics]: Computational Geometry and Object Modeling - Curve, surface, solid, and object representations; 1.3.7 [Computer Graphics]: Three-Dimensional Graphics and Realism - Virtual Reality; J-6. [Computer Applications]: Computer-aided Engineering - Computer-aided design (CAD), Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM). Additional Keywords: architecture, construction, AEC, design, construction documentation, specifications, Internet, extranet, World Wide Web, VRML, virtual worlds, virtual environments
series	other
email
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	ddss2004_d-1
id	ddss2004_d-1
authors	Cerovsek, T. and B. Martens
year	2004
title	On the Extended Use of Citations in CAAD
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Developments in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Eindhoven: Eindhoven University of Technology, ISBN 90-6814-155-4, p. 1-17
summary	This paper discusses the extended use of the Cumulative Index of CAAD (CUMINCAD) - a digital library set up in 1998 serving the CAAD-community as an important source of scientific information with over 6.000 recorded entries published on-line. The aim of this paper is to elaborate a related Citation Index to CUMINCAD - with over 20.000 references - and to provide information on entries with an exceptional high impact in the CUMINCAD database. The importance is determined through its use (citing) in the framework of afterwards published scientific materials. By utilizing graph theory methods extensive citation analyses will be presented illustrating the impact of particular contributions in different research topics.
keywords	Scientific Knowledge Management, Retrospective CAAD Research, Graph Theory, CAAD-Related Publications, Web-Based Bibliographic Database
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	ee24
authors	Chien, S.-F., Magd, D., Snyder, J. and Tsa, W.-J.
year	1998
title	SG-Clips: A System to Support the Automatic Generation of Designs From Grammars
source	CAADRIA ‘98 [Proceedings of The Third Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 4-907662-009] Osaka (Japan) 22-24 April 1998, pp. 445-454
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1998.445
summary	SG-CLIPS is a computer tool that supports the automatic generation of designs from a predefined set of grammar rules that encapsulate the composition principles of a certain style of design. It is an open system that accepts any grammar conforming to the conventions described in this paper. We demonstrate the system through an example and discuss the relation to shape grammars and limitations.
keywords	Generative Systems, Shape Grammars, Rule-based Design Tools, CLIPS
series	CAADRIA
email
more	http://www.caadria.org
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

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