Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

PDF papers
References

Hits 1 to 20 of 551

Reformat results as: short short into frame detailed detailed into frame

_id	avocaad_2001_16
id	avocaad_2001_16
authors	Yu-Ying Chang, Yu-Tung Liu, Chien-Hui Wong
year	2001
title	Some Phenomena of Spatial Characteristics of Cyberspace
source	AVOCAAD - ADDED VALUE OF COMPUTER AIDED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Nys Koenraad, Provoost Tom, Verbeke Johan, Verleye Johan (Eds.), (2001) Hogeschool voor Wetenschap en Kunst - Departement Architectuur Sint-Lucas, Campus Brussel, ISBN 80-76101-05-1
summary	"Space," which has long been an important concept in architecture (Bloomer & Moore, 1977; Mitchell, 1995, 1999), has attracted interest of researchers from various academic disciplines in recent years (Agnew, 1993; Benko & Strohmayer, 1996; Chang, 1999; Foucault, 1982; Gould, 1998). Researchers from disciplines such as anthropology, geography, sociology, philosophy, and linguistics regard it as the basis of the discussion of various theories in social sciences and humanities (Chen, 1999). On the other hand, since the invention of Internet, Internet users have been experiencing a new and magic "world." According to the definitions in traditional architecture theories, "space" is generated whenever people define a finite void by some physical elements (Zevi, 1985). However, although Internet is a virtual, immense, invisible and intangible world, navigating in it, we can still sense the very presence of ourselves and others in a wonderland. This sense could be testified by our naming of Internet as Cyberspace -- an exotic kind of space. Therefore, as people nowadays rely more and more on the Internet in their daily life, and as more and more architectural scholars and designers begin to invest their efforts in the design of virtual places online (e.g., Maher, 1999; Li & Maher, 2000), we cannot help but ask whether there are indeed sensible spaces in Internet. And if yes, these spaces exist in terms of what forms and created by what ways?To join the current interdisciplinary discussion on the issue of space, and to obtain new definition as well as insightful understanding of "space", this study explores the spatial phenomena in Internet. We hope that our findings would ultimately be also useful for contemporary architectural designers and scholars in their designs in the real world.As a preliminary exploration, the main objective of this study is to discover the elements involved in the creation/construction of Internet spaces and to examine the relationship between human participants and Internet spaces. In addition, this study also attempts to investigate whether participants from different academic disciplines define or experience Internet spaces in different ways, and to find what spatial elements of Internet they emphasize the most.In order to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of the spatial phenomena in Internet and to overcome the subjectivity of the members of the research team, the research design of this study was divided into two stages. At the first stage, we conducted literature review to study existing theories of space (which are based on observations and investigations of the physical world). At the second stage of this study, we recruited 8 Internet regular users to approach this topic from different point of views, and to see whether people with different academic training would define and experience Internet spaces differently.The results of this study reveal that the relationship between human participants and Internet spaces is different from that between human participants and physical spaces. In the physical world, physical elements of space must be established first; it then begins to be regarded as a place after interaction between/among human participants or interaction between human participants and the physical environment. In contrast, in Internet, a sense of place is first created through human interactions (or activities), Internet participants then begin to sense the existence of a space. Therefore, it seems that, among the many spatial elements of Internet we found, "interaction/reciprocity" Ñ either between/among human participants or between human participants and the computer interface Ð seems to be the most crucial element.In addition, another interesting result of this study is that verbal (linguistic) elements could provoke a sense of space in a degree higher than 2D visual representation and no less than 3D visual simulations. Nevertheless, verbal and 3D visual elements seem to work in different ways in terms of cognitive behaviors: Verbal elements provoke visual imagery and other sensory perceptions by "imagining" and then excite personal experiences of space; visual elements, on the other hand, provoke and excite visual experiences of space directly by "mapping".Finally, it was found that participants with different academic training did experience and define space differently. For example, when experiencing and analyzing Internet spaces, architecture designers, the creators of the physical world, emphasize the design of circulation and orientation, while participants with linguistics training focus more on subtle language usage. Visual designers tend to analyze the graphical elements of virtual spaces based on traditional painting theories; industrial designers, on the other hand, tend to treat these spaces as industrial products, emphasizing concept of user-center and the control of the computer interface.The findings of this study seem to add new information to our understanding of virtual space. It would be interesting for future studies to investigate how this information influences architectural designers in their real-world practices in this digital age. In addition, to obtain a fuller picture of Internet space, further research is needed to study the same issue by examining more Internet participants who have no formal linguistics and graphical training.
series	AVOCAAD
email
last changed	2005/09/09 10:48

_id	ddss9801
id	ddss9801
authors	Achten, Henri and Leeuwen, Jos van
year	1998
title	A Feature-Based Description Technique for Design Processes: A Case Study
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary	In order to develop appropriate tools for decision support in design processes, it is necessary to found them on an understanding of design. Analytical techniques of design processes that have a direct relationship with tool development can enhance design support systems development. The paper focuses on a design support system in the VR-DIS research program. The aim of this research program is to develop insight in the architectural design process and to establish design tools for architectsworking in Virtual Reality. The basic approach for data modelling in VR in this research is based on an extension of the Feature Based Modelling paradigm taken from design in mechanical engineering. The computer model of the design in the system is a Feature-based model. This paper describes design processes in terms of changes in the Feature-based model of the design. For this purpose, a case of a house design is used. Drawings in the conceptual design phase up to the preliminary design phase arestudied. Each state of the drawings is described in terms of a Feature-model. Particular design actions such as creation of spaces, definition of architectural elements, and changes during the design process can be expressed in terms of changes in the Feature-model. Because of the use of Features, the changes can be formalised in the VR-DIS system. The description in terms of Features offers an analytical toolthat leads to a functional brief for design support tools. The paper ends with a discussion of implications and future work.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/11/21 15:15

_id	6433
authors	Agranovich-Ponomarieva, E. and Litvinova, A.
year	1998
title	The "Real Space - Cyberspace" Paradigm
source	Cyber-Real Design [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 83-905377-2-9] Bialystock (Poland), 23-25 April 1998, pp. 141-145
summary	In a chain of "real - perceived - imagined space" the computer reduces to a uniform model of only real and imagined space. It cannot undertake man's function or it cannot build the perception model. However, perception assumes physiological perception, psychological estimation and understanding, and emotional ho-experience. For a person the seizing of space during perception is constructing temporary spatial images and their development. The communicative relations of the person with environment are established during revealing internal and external structural communications and the interior represents the message, unwrapped in space and perceived in time. The real space is formed under influence of the sum of conceptual restrictions. The character of these restrictions depends on a super idea, a type of an initial situation, character of installations and on social-cultural stereotypes of the author. Without this stage transition to real architectural object is impossible. Result of activity of an architect at this stage becomes creation hypothetical cyberspace, with its own peculiarities and laws.
series	plCAD
last changed	1999/04/08 17:16

_id	bb72
authors	Bourdot, P., Krus, M., Gherbi, R.
year	1998
title	Cooperation Between Reactive 3D Objects and a Multimodal X Window Kernel for CAD
source	Bunt, H., Beun, R.J., Borghuis, T. (Eds.). Multimodal Human-Computer Communication : Systems, Techniques, and Experiments. Berlin : Springer
summary	From the early steps of sketching to final engineering, a frequent and very important activity in designing objects is to perform graphical and spatial simulations to solve the constraints on the objects which are being designed. But when we analyse work situations involving the use of CAD systems, it is today an acknowledged fact that these tools are not helpful to perform these types of simulations. While knowledge modeling based on form feature concepts already offers some possibilities for attaching behaviour to objects, the simulation activity requires in addition a `real time' and `intelligent' management of the interactions between the 3D virtual objects and the CAD user. Our general purpose is to study how future CAD systems could be improved to achieve the simulation steps of object design. In this context we present some issues concerning the cooperation between a model of reactive 3D objects and a multimodal X Window kernel. We have developed a prototype of a system where objects with reactive behaviour can be built, and with which the user can interact with a combination of graphical actions and vocal commands. This prototype is used to evaluate the feasability and the usefulness of the integration of such techniques in futur applications that would be used by object designers in a real working context. We describe the current state of this system and the planned improvements.
series	other
last changed	2003/11/21 15:16

_id	a2b0
id	a2b0
authors	Charitos, Dimitrios
year	1998
title	The architectural aspect of designing space in virtual environments
source	University of Strathclyde, Dept. of Architecure and Building Science
summary	This thesis deals with the architectural aspect of virtual environment design. It aims at proposing a framework, which could inform the design of three-dimensional content for defining space in virtual environments, in order to aid navigation and wayfinding. The use of such a framework in the design of certain virtual environments is considered necessary for imposing a certain form and structure to our spatial experience in there. Firstly, this thesis looks into literature from the fields of architectural and urban design theory, philosophy, environmental cognition, perceptual psychology and geography for the purpose of identifying a taxonomy of spatial elements and their structure in the real world, on the basis of the way that humans think about and remember real environments. Consequently, the taxonomy, proposed for space in the real world is adapted to the intrinsic characteristics of space in virtual environments, on the basis of human factors aspects of virtual reality technology. As a result, the thesis proposes a hypothetical framework consisting of a taxonomy of spatial and space-establishing elements that a virtual environment may comprise and of the possible structure of these elements. Following this framework, several pilot virtual environments are designed, for the purpose of identifying key design issues for evaluation. As it was impossible to evaluate the whole framework, six specific design issues, which have important implications for the design of space in virtual environments, are investigated by experimental methods of research. Apart from providing answers to these specific design issues, the experimental phase leads to a better understanding of the nature of space in virtual environments and to several hypotheses for future empirical research.
series	thesis:PhD
email
last changed	2003/10/29 21:37

_id	d44c
authors	Cheng, N.
year	1998
title	Digital Identity in the Virtual Design Studio
source	Constructing Identity: the Associated Collegiate Schools of Architecture (ACSA) 56th Annual Meeting Proceedings, Cleveland, Ohio
summary	Internet tools most effectively connect diverse groups when individuals involved experience vital human connections. Online strangers are pulled into a community in which they can see a friendly face in the crowded stream of information. Strong self expression engages an audience and can result in personal interactions which reward getting beyond the technology. A group of individual profiles can coalesce to give colorful definition to team biases, strengths and weaknesses. This paper examines how the expression of identity has been a critical factor in the success of Internet design collaborations. First, it provides context on how these projects can improve architectural education by increasing relevance. Second, it identifies opportunities for individual and team expression gathered from a series of annual international design exercises known as the Virtual Design Studio. Third, it explains strategies for fostering student expression and interaction. Finally, it cites areas for future investigation.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	ab2e
authors	Cheng, Nancy Yen-Wen
year	1998
title	Wayfinding In Cyberspace - Negotiating Connections between Sites
source	CAADRIA ‘98 [Proceedings of The Third Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 4-907662-009] Osaka (Japan) 22-24 April 1998, pp. 83-92
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1998.083
summary	As the number of 3D virtual worlds grow, the distributed nature of the Internet will juxtapose many different kinds of spatial environments. Moving between these environments can be disorienting due to the lack of structural continuity. How can we create an easily navigable experience in a realm so different from the stable, natural world that we inhabit? This paper provides background about navigating virtual worlds, discusses the boundary gaps and describes efforts in how to bridge these gaps. Using examples from an academic exercise, archetypes of negotiated connections between sites are proposed.
keywords	Electronic Design Media, Virtual Reality, Precedence and Prototypes
series	CAADRIA
email
more	http://www.caadria.org
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	avocaad_2001_02
id	avocaad_2001_02
authors	Cheng-Yuan Lin, Yu-Tung Liu
year	2001
title	A digital Procedure of Building Construction: A practical project
source	AVOCAAD - ADDED VALUE OF COMPUTER AIDED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Nys Koenraad, Provoost Tom, Verbeke Johan, Verleye Johan (Eds.), (2001) Hogeschool voor Wetenschap en Kunst - Departement Architectuur Sint-Lucas, Campus Brussel, ISBN 80-76101-05-1
summary	In earlier times in which computers have not yet been developed well, there has been some researches regarding representation using conventional media (Gombrich, 1960; Arnheim, 1970). For ancient architects, the design process was described abstractly by text (Hewitt, 1985; Cable, 1983); the process evolved from unselfconscious to conscious ways (Alexander, 1964). Till the appearance of 2D drawings, these drawings could only express abstract visual thinking and visually conceptualized vocabulary (Goldschmidt, 1999). Then with the massive use of physical models in the Renaissance, the form and space of architecture was given better precision (Millon, 1994). Researches continued their attempts to identify the nature of different design tools (Eastman and Fereshe, 1994). Simon (1981) figured out that human increasingly relies on other specialists, computational agents, and materials referred to augment their cognitive abilities. This discourse was verified by recent research on conception of design and the expression using digital technologies (McCullough, 1996; Perez-Gomez and Pelletier, 1997). While other design tools did not change as much as representation (Panofsky, 1991; Koch, 1997), the involvement of computers in conventional architecture design arouses a new design thinking of digital architecture (Liu, 1996; Krawczyk, 1997; Murray, 1997; Wertheim, 1999). The notion of the link between ideas and media is emphasized throughout various fields, such as architectural education (Radford, 2000), Internet, and restoration of historical architecture (Potier et al., 2000). Information technology is also an important tool for civil engineering projects (Choi and Ibbs, 1989). Compared with conventional design media, computers avoid some errors in the process (Zaera, 1997). However, most of the application of computers to construction is restricted to simulations in building process (Halpin, 1990). It is worth studying how to employ computer technology meaningfully to bring significant changes to concept stage during the process of building construction (Madazo, 2000; Dave, 2000) and communication (Haymaker, 2000).In architectural design, concept design was achieved through drawings and models (Mitchell, 1997), while the working drawings and even shop drawings were brewed and communicated through drawings only. However, the most effective method of shaping building elements is to build models by computer (Madrazo, 1999). With the trend of 3D visualization (Johnson and Clayton, 1998) and the difference of designing between the physical environment and virtual environment (Maher et al. 2000), we intend to study the possibilities of using digital models, in addition to drawings, as a critical media in the conceptual stage of building construction process in the near future (just as the critical role that physical models played in early design process in the Renaissance). This research is combined with two practical building projects, following the progress of construction by using digital models and animations to simulate the structural layouts of the projects. We also tried to solve the complicated and even conflicting problems in the detail and piping design process through an easily accessible and precise interface. An attempt was made to delineate the hierarchy of the elements in a single structural and constructional system, and the corresponding relations among the systems. Since building construction is often complicated and even conflicting, precision needed to complete the projects can not be based merely on 2D drawings with some imagination. The purpose of this paper is to describe all the related elements according to precision and correctness, to discuss every possibility of different thinking in design of electric-mechanical engineering, to receive feedback from the construction projects in the real world, and to compare the digital models with conventional drawings.Through the application of this research, the subtle relations between the conventional drawings and digital models can be used in the area of building construction. Moreover, a theoretical model and standard process is proposed by using conventional drawings, digital models and physical buildings. By introducing the intervention of digital media in design process of working drawings and shop drawings, there is an opportune chance to use the digital media as a prominent design tool. This study extends the use of digital model and animation from design process to construction process. However, the entire construction process involves various details and exceptions, which are not discussed in this paper. These limitations should be explored in future studies.
series	AVOCAAD
email
last changed	2005/09/09 10:48

_id	873d
authors	Chiu, Mao-Lin and Lan, Ju-Hung
year	1998
title	Discovery of Historical Tainan: A Digital Approach
source	CAADRIA ‘98 [Proceedings of The Third Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 4-907662-009] Osaka (Japan) 22-24 April 1998, pp. 113-122
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1998.113
summary	This paper depicts the use of computers in the urban studies, and provides a digital way of understanding historical buildings. "Discovery of Historical Tainan" is a joint project among historians and CAD researchers to use a digital approach to preserve historical evidences of the central city of Tainan. The importance of historical scenes is revealed by the efforts of integration with digital information and models. Furthermore, the level of abstraction and accuracy in the large-scale urban models are examined. The result demonstrates that the ability of foreseeing the future changes can be enhanced by the digital approach.
series	CAADRIA
email
more	http://www.caadria.org
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	4d6f
authors	Chodorowski, Franciszek
year	1998
title	From Inversive Perspective to Virtual Space
source	Cyber-Real Design [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 83-905377-2-9] Bialystock (Poland), 23-25 April 1998, pp. 43-52
summary	Looking back at history, considering the proportions taken up by the particular developments of the future vision of an architectural work, one observes that the main method used was based on a form of drawing in the perpendicular projection in the form of "planes", cross sections and elevations. However, the research considering the threedimensional approach of the design solution, took into consideration a model made of wood, plaster or paper. The supplementary works in the form of an axonometric or a perspective drawing were not usually the domain of architects. Such way of presenting space was used by artists: painters and sculptors. The rapid development taking place in the use of computers in preparing architectural design documentation makes one reflect on many issues. Modern software, apart from making it possible to develop projections, cross sections and elevations, allows the presentation of a three dimensional vision of an architectural solution on the basis of axonometry, perspective and a study of virtual space. Despite the obvious progress facilitating the graphic editing process of design work, the initial design phase is an unchanged process, similar to past times ' It is based on transferring the creative invention onto paper by means of handmade sketches, similarly to making an inventory measurement note.
series	plCAD
last changed	1999/04/08 17:16

_id	9188
authors	Christiansson, P.
year	1998
title	Knowledge Nodes
source	I. Smith (ed) Artificial Intelligence in Structural Engineering, Springer, Berlin, pp. 197-213
summary	Today most of the information we produce is stored digitally. We are slowly forced to leave behind us thinking about information as something stored in physical containers as books, drawings etc. We make it possible to dynamically create logical containers of information on the fly. The paper focuses on how we in the future can aggregate, classify and generalize digitally stored information in order to make it more accessible and how we can define underlying knowledge container models to support knowledge discovery and collaboration. Examples are picked from ongoing research and the outcomes are generally valid and in particular for the structural engineering field.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	5688
authors	Conen, W. and Neumann, G. (eds.)
year	1998
title	Coordination Technology for Collaborative Applications
source	Springer
summary	Given the broad popularity of Internet technology, even in its present immature state, and also the recent progress made towards a human-centered view of information technology, the time now seems ripe to essentially extend the scope and power of enterprise information systems. This carefully arranged book concentrates on the relationships between coordination technology and business application requirements and introduces general elements of a cooperative infrastructure allowing for the construction of collaborative applications. It is essential reading for research and development professionals active in the area as well as for IT managers interested in applying this promising new technology in order to remain competitive in the future.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	45
authors	D. I. Fernadez Prato. D. I. Beatriz Gal·n
year	1998
title	El Impacto de la Informatica Sobre el Mundo de los Objetos Cotidianos (The Impact of Computing on the World's Daily Objects)
source	II Seminario Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-97190-0-X] Mar del Plata (Argentina) 9-11 september 1998, pp. 336-341
summary	The computer impact over daily objects world: methodological reflection from the Philips design team workshop "Vision of the Future".The impact of computers in the industrial design world is often limited to the condition of tool, used in the conception process, and, in a minor scale, it is shown integrating and reprocessing the objects, and the every day rituals that nourish them. The integration of microelectronics into the world of objects has been given theoric basement by those who are responsible for technological development (which we describe in this work), displaying several trends tendencies towards interactive, flexibility and, dematerialization and loss of leading role of the object by its integration in the net. The "Vision of the Future" experience, accomplished by the Philips design team, is a look, from the point of view of design, about this subject. The exploration of this new experience through the world of the objects of the future, shows us that the technologies are far away from dematerializing culture, and even threat the leading role of the object. Many of the products that are studied in Philips work-shop, are recreations of old objects but with new functional possibilities. We can see that, although technology allows rituals to be destroyed, yet they preserve themselves deflecting the logical evolution of technology. In this study, we display a methodology to generate interactive objects, following the most significant examples of the work we studied.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:50

_id	8b38
authors	Do, Ellen Yi-Luen and Gross, Mark D.
year	1998
title	The Sundance Lab- "Design Systems of the Future"
source	ACADIA Quarterly, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 8-10
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1998.008
summary	The last thirty years have seen the development of powerful new tools for architects and planners: CAD, 3D modeling, digital imaging, geographic information systems, and real time animated walkthroughs. That’s just the beginning. Based on our experience with CAD tools, analysis of design practice, and an understanding of computer hardware and software, we’re out to invent the next generation of tools. We think architects should be shakers and makers, not just consumers, of computer aided design. We started the Sundance Lab (for Computing in Design and Planning) in 1993 with a few people and machines. We’ve grown to more than a dozen people (mostly undergraduate students) and a diverse interdisciplinary array of projects. We’ve worked with architects and planners, anthropologists, civil engineers, geographers, computer scientists, and electrical engineers. Our work is about the built environment: its physical form and various information involved in making and inhabiting places. We cover a wide range of topics – from design information management to virtual space, from sketch recognition to design rationale capture, to communication between designer and computer. All start from the position that design is a knowledge based and information rich activity. Explicit representations of design information (knowledge, rationale, and rules) enables us to engage in more intelligent dialogues about design. The following describes some of our projects under various rubrics.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	c3e0
authors	Dorsey, J. and McMillan, L.
year	1998
title	Computer Graphics and Architecture: State of the Art and Outlook for the Future
source	Computer Graphics, Vol 32, No 1, Feb 1998. pp. 45-48
summary	During the three decades since Ivan Sutherland introduced the Sketchpad system, there has been an outpouring of computer graphics systems for use in architecture. In response to this development, most of the major architectural firms around the world have embraced the idea that computer literacy is mandatory for success. We would argue, however, that most of these recent developments have failed to tap the potential of the computer as a design tool. Instead, computers have been relegated largely to the status of drafting instruments, so that the "D" in CAD stands for drafting rather than design. It is important that future architectural design systems consider design as a continuous process rather than an eventual outcome.The advent of computer graphics technology has had an impact on the architectural profession. Computer graphics has revolutionized the drafting process, enabling the rapid entry and modification of designs. In addition, modeling and rendering systems have proven to be invaluable aids in the visualization process, allowing designers to walk through their designs with photorealistic imagery. Computer graphics systems have also demonstrated utility for capturing engineering information, greatly simplifying the analysis and construction of proposed designs. However, it is important to consider that all of these tasks occur near the conclusion of a larger design process. In fact, most of the artistic and intellectual challenges of an architectural design have already been resolved by the time the designer sits down in front of a computer. In seeking insight into the design process, it is generally of little use to revisit the various computer archives and backups. Instead, it is best to explore the reams of sketches and crude balsa models that fill the trash cans of any architectural studio.In architecture, as in most other fields, the initial success of computerization has been in areas where it frees humans from tedious and mundane tasks. This includes the redrawing of floor plans after minor modifications, the generation of largely redundant, yet subtly different engineering drawings and the generation of perspective renderings.We believe that there is a largely untapped potential for computer graphics as a tool in the earlier phases of the design process. In this essay, we argue that computer graphics might play a larger role via applications that aid and amplify the creative process.
series	journal paper
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	2d75
authors	Entous, Marc
year	1998
title	Developments in 3D Scanning and Digitizing: New Strategies for an Evolving Design Process
source	Digital Design Studios: Do Computers Make a Difference? [ACADIA Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-07-1] Québec City (Canada) October 22-25, 1998, pp. 212-220
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1998.212
summary	The computer is now a widely accepted tool in architecture as a production and business tool. Acceptance of digital technology as a design aid has been much slower, but continuing developments in ease of use, capabilities, and lower costs are encouraging the use of three-dimensional design modeling. As the demand for 3D design computing grows, peripheral digital technologies are also developing and being integrated. This paper describes on-going research into how current and near-future developments in three-dimensional scanning and digitizing technology that have the potential to substantially change processes of architectural design. Scanners, or digitizers, assist in transforming physical objects and models into digital representations. The capabilities of 3D scanners in architectural design have only begun to be explored. Existing and emerging 3D scanning technologies are briefly described followed by a discussion of sample existing, new, and potential uses of these capabilities as a design tool. An experiment is conducted to contrast the differences between stylus-based and laser-based digitizers in an architectural design environment.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	de62
authors	Eriksson, Joakim
year	1998
title	Planning of Environments for People with Physical Disabilities Using Computer Aided Design
source	Lund Institute of Technology, School of Architecture
summary	In the area of environment adaptations for people with physical disabilities, it is of vital importance that the design is optimized considering the human-environment interactions. All involved persons in such a planning process must be given sufficient support in understanding the information, so that everyone can participate actively. There is an apparent risk that discussions will be kept between experts, due to difficulties in understanding the complex and technical adaptation issues. This thesis investigates the use of computer-based tools for planning/designing environments for physically disabled people. A software prototype, and a method to use such a tool in the planning process, was developed and evaluated, based on the findings from six case studies of real planning situations. The case studies indicated that although such a tool would support the design, as well as the dialog between the participants, a certain level of technical and economical efficiency must be obtained. To facilitate the professional planner's work, an important issue is to maintain a large library of 3D objects. With the latest prototype implementation, it was found that such a planning tool can be produced, even when using consumer-oriented computers. One previous critical factor, interactive manipulation of 3D objects, can now be achieved if utilizing modern graphic cards with 3D acceleration. A usability test was performed to evaluate the prototype's basic operations, involving two groups of future users: five occupational therapist students, and four persons with major physical impairments. It was found that although the usability was satisfactory for the basic tasks, several items needed to be improved or added in future versions. It is important with an integrated support for manikins, in order to evaluate, e.g., wheelchair accessibility, reach ability, positioning of handrails, etc. This thesis reviews and compiles published anthropometrical and biomechanical data into a uniform segment-by-segment structure, in order to aid the design and modifications of manikins. The compilation was implemented as a spreadsheet document. An MRI investigation of the neck-shoulder region was performed on 20 healthy Scandinavian, female volunteers, measuring various musculoskeletal properties. These measurements can be used for further refinements of manikin specifications and biomechanical models.
keywords	Rehabilitation; Disability; Adaptation; Participatory Planning; Design Tool; 3D Graphics; Computer Aided Design; Virtual Reality; Manikin; Anthropometry; Biomechanics; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Cervical Spine Kinematics
series	thesis:PhD
email
more	http://www.lub.lu.se/cgi-bin/show_diss.pl?db=global&fname=tec_250.html
last changed	2003/02/26 09:21

_id	2d33
authors	Gabryszewski, A.B.
year	1998
title	Conception of Computer-Aided Study of Determinants
source	Cyber-Real Design [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 83-905377-2-9] Bialystock (Poland), 23-25 April 1998, pp. 85-92
summary	Computer catalogues, files, digital maps and data bases are more and more widely used in planning studies not only in the world, but in Poland as well. They successfully replace manual and time- consuming elaboration of cartographic materials or uphill collecting of data, among others. The developing computerisation in architectural offices, physical planning or other area management centers will assure a studies results' transfer in the form of digital maps or computer data bases in the near future Computer technology forces changes of work technics and generates in the next step the demand for mathematical models used for examining of eco-social-economic systems functioning. The speed of data processing influences on the profitability of common usage of the source data available on magnetic recording media. Thus data processing and data aggregation according to the designers' needs are more simply and generating of new information essential for creating of updated constructive solutions is possible too. Sharply increasing information resources (like Internet) require the adoption of such techniques and models, which make easier to control still increasing number of over-complicated- structure data bases.
series	plCAD
last changed	1999/04/08 17:16

_id	07d8
authors	Garza, J.M. de la and Howitt, I.
year	1998
title	Wireless communication and computing at the construction jobsite
source	Automation in Construction 7 (4) (1998) pp. 327-347
summary	For many years, the walkie-talkie has been synonymous with the construction industry. During jobsite project execution, there are three variables which can either hinder or facilitate successful results, namely, quality, quantity, and timing of information. Wireless data communications technology is capable of delivering just-in-time information within the `last mile' between the trailer and a desired location on the jobsite. This paper reports on a study which surveyed information needs at the jobsite, emerging wireless data communications technology, and assessed the extent to which wireless data technology can fulfill the information needs of the jobsite [J.M. de la Garza, I. Howitt, Wireless communication and computing at the jobsite, Research Report 136-11, Construction Industry Institute, Austin, TX, 1997]. We have organized jobsite information needs into the following ten categories: (a) requests for information, (b) materials management, (c) equipment management, (d) cost management, (e) schedule and means and methods, (f) jobsite record keeping, (g) submittals, (h) safety, (i) QC/QA, and (k) future trends. Each category was analyzed in terms of its appropriateness to take advantage of wireless technology. The four formats considered to transmit information wirelessly were: (a) live voice, (b) live video, (c) batched data, and (d) live data. Current wireless communication technology has been classified into the following five classes: (a) circuit-switched wireless data systems, (b) packet-switched wireless data systems––this class was further subdivided into specialized mobile radio systems and cellular digital packet data systems, (c) wireless local area networks, (d) paging systems, and (e) satellite-based data communications. A primer for wireless communications covering both fundamental and advanced communications concepts has also been included to enable a better understanding of the issues involved in making trade-offs while configuring a wireless jobsite communication system. The example presented in this paper shows how a contractor can define a subset of information needs by choosing from those already articulated herein and determine if a given wireless technology should even be considered as a viable way of meeting the information needs that such company has.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:22

_id	ac21
id	ac21
authors	Giddings B, Horne M
year	2008
title	The Changing Patterns of Architectural Design Education
source	Architecture and Modern Information Technologies, Vol. 3, No. 4. ISSN-1998-4839
summary	Digital technologies have been introduced to students of architecture for over two decades and at present it could be argued that students are producing some of the highest quality designs, and some of the most interesting forms ever to come from University Schools. The value of computer aided design (CAD) is also being demonstrated in architectural practice, with high profile, large budget, bespoke and iconic buildings designed by internationally renowned architects. This paper reviews the changing patterns of architectural design education and considers the contribution digital technologies could make to buildings with more commonplace uses. The study offers a perspective on different kinds of buildings and considers the influence that emerging technologies are having on building form. It outlines digital technologies, alongside students’ application for architectural design and considers the role they could play in the future, in developing a shared architectural language. It is suggested that some of the biggest opportunities for future research will be in the design of external spaces, often a neglected part of architectural design education.
keywords	architectural design education, digital technologies
series	other
type	normal paper
email
more	http://www.marhi.ru/AMIT
last changed	2008/11/02 20:38

For more results click below: