CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

PDF papers
References

Hits 1 to 20 of 253

_id f8f2
authors Toy, M.
year 1998
title Hypersurface Architecture
source Architectural Design Academy Group, London
summary The first edition of Hypersurface presented an analysis of contemporary culture that identified two interpenetrating trends: avant garde architecture and everyday commercial practices. Hypersurface II demonstrates the convergence of these two forces that radicalizes form and deterritorializes subjectivity. This second edition further investigates the way in which effects emerge within architecture and explores the manifestations of this unprecedented moment in architecture where the rampages of commercial culture begin to cross-contaminate architectural form.
series other
last changed 2003/04/23 15:14

_id e78b
authors Akin, O. and Akin, C.
year 1998
title On the process of creativity in puzzles, inventions, and designs
source Automation in Construction 7 (2-3) (1998) pp. 123-138
summary The most common means of identifying creativity has been through its products. In architecture, music, writing, art, even puzzle solving and scientific discovery, the prerequisite for considering creativity has been the presence of a creative product. Alternatively, anecdotal descriptions have been used to identify processes that are considered creative. Many scientific discoveries have been linked to a sudden realization or unexplainable revelation punctuated with the AHA! response. Outside of the creative product itself and the AHA! response, the kinds of concrete evidence that point to the process of creativity are precious few. Our purpose here is to further examine these phenomena and develop hypotheses about the nature of the creative process. Our ultimate aim is to develop a general theory of creativity. We intend to base this theory on a set of conditions that are necessary for the creative process to take place in a number of domains: puzzles, scientific discoveries, and design, with special emphasis on architectural design.
series journal paper
more http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed 2003/05/15 21:22

_id ascaad2006_paper19
id ascaad2006_paper19
authors Arjun, G. and J. Plume
year 2006
title Collaborative Architectural Design as a reflective Conversation: an agent facilitated system to support collaborative conceptual design
source Computing in Architecture / Re-Thinking the Discourse: The Second International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2006), 25-27 April 2006, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
summary In this paper, definitions of collaborative design are discussed and understood in terms of a designer’s cognitive collaborations to explore his/her experiential memory for remote idea associations. Based on Schon’s reflective practice theory, Valkenburg and Dorst’s (1998) description of collaborative team designing is adopted as a model for a proposed design conversation system. The design conversation system is aimed at triggering the experiential memory of the designer by associating significant ideas from different design domains to provide different perspectives of a design situation. The paper describes a proposed framework for the design conversation system incorporating computational agents in a blackboard architecture environment.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2007/04/08 19:47

_id 7
authors Bermudez, Julio
year 1998
title Interaccion de Medios y Proceso De DiseÒo: Teoria y Base de Conocimientos Para una Produccion Arquitectonica Hibrida (Interaction of Design Media and Process: Theory and Knowledge Base for in the Production of Architectural Hybrids)
source II Seminario Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-97190-0-X] Mar del Plata (Argentina) 9-11 september 1998, pp. 56-65
summary Integrating computers in architectural design means to negotiate between centuries-old analog design methods and the new digital systems of production. The difficulty lies in the underdeveloped state of the necessary methods, techniques, and theories to relate traditional and new media. Recent investigations on the use of multiple iterations between manual and electronic systems to advance architectural work show promising results. However, these experiments have not yet either developed a theoretical base that connects their procedures to a larger conceptual framework nor been sufficiently cross-referenced and third party tested to conform a reliable knowledge base. This paper addresses the first shortcoming in the light of the forces transforming our contemporary civilization and architecture.
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id ddss2004_d-1
id ddss2004_d-1
authors Cerovsek, T. and B. Martens
year 2004
title On the Extended Use of Citations in CAAD
source Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Developments in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Eindhoven: Eindhoven University of Technology, ISBN 90-6814-155-4, p. 1-17
summary This paper discusses the extended use of the Cumulative Index of CAAD (CUMINCAD) - a digital library set up in 1998 serving the CAAD-community as an important source of scientific information with over 6.000 recorded entries published on-line. The aim of this paper is to elaborate a related Citation Index to CUMINCAD - with over 20.000 references - and to provide information on entries with an exceptional high impact in the CUMINCAD database. The importance is determined through its use (citing) in the framework of afterwards published scientific materials. By utilizing graph theory methods extensive citation analyses will be presented illustrating the impact of particular contributions in different research topics.
keywords Scientific Knowledge Management, Retrospective CAAD Research, Graph Theory, CAAD-Related Publications, Web-Based Bibliographic Database
series DDSS
last changed 2004/07/03 22:13

_id 807b
authors Kalisperis, Loukas N. and Pehlivanidou-Liakata, Anastasia
year 1998
title Architectural Design Studio: Digital and Traditional
source Computers in Design Studio Teaching [EAAE/eCAADe International Workshop Proceedings / ISBN 09523687-7-3] Leuven (Belgium) 13-14 November 1998, pp. 73-81
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1998.073
summary The nature of the task of representing architecture alters to reflect the state of architecture at each period of time. In simulating architecture, the necessary conversion from that which is inhabitable, experiential, functional, and at times, indescribable to an abstraction in an entirely different media is often an imperfect procedure that centers on its translation rather than the actual design. The objective in visualizing any architectural design is to achieve a situational awareness that allows for meaningful criticism of the design. Computer-aided three-dimensional (3D) visualization technology has made available new representation techniques. Surpassing the traditional means of graphic illustration and scaled models, this technology has been primarily developed to decrease the amount of abstraction between architecture and its documentation. The general objective of this paper is to present a study carried out over the last six years in which the progress of students in a traditional studio was compared to the progress of similar students in a digital studio. We have assessed the effects of the tools over the six-year period (24 different projects) by evaluating solution-generation in trial-and-error process and learning problem-solving strategies based on the Cognitive Flexibility Theory paradigm. Students using the digital studio were found to generate more and various solutions consistently.
series eCAADe
email
more http://www.eaae.be/
last changed 2022/06/07 07:52

_id ddss9832
id ddss9832
authors Keuren, A. and Sanders, F.M.
year 1998
title Integrated Land-Use and Network Modelling
source Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary In this paper, the integration of modelling the changes in land-use and the changes in the infrastructure network will be described. Emphasis is laid on the automatic development of the network instead of changing the network by hand before simulating the changes in the land-use pattern.The approach and working procedure were tested by developing a pilot model simulating the spatial situation on the Frisian island Ameland (The Netherlands). The pilot is developed within the geographical information system Arcinfo. In this pilot model, special attention is paid to the extension of the infrastructure network and the allocation of more than one activity. Network analysis for the purpose of network extension is based on graph theory. Selection of links is based on the increase of the total accessibility within the network system as a result of adding a link to the network. The allocation of activities is based on several selection criteria and takes place within a cellular grid. Several methods ofselecting cells and links and the choices made will be discussed.
series DDSS
last changed 2003/08/07 16:36

_id ddss9835
id ddss9835
authors Langelaan, J. Willem R.
year 1998
title Criteria for an object oriented library system of high–level parametric CADelements
source Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary The subject of this paper is the development of criteria and specifications for an object oriented library system of high–level parametric elements that have an integrated 2D and 3D representation. High–levelelements are virtual representations of architectural elements such as windows, doors, etc. High–level parametric elements need few components to be flexible and easily customizable. The generalization ofeach element by its characteristic parts results in a substantial reduction in the number of polygons that must be processed by the computer during the 3D transformation, graphically clean 3D images and low demandon user intervention. Gestalt theory emphasizes the importance of contour lines for the perception of an element. The “minimalist” symbolic representation will simplify contour lines that enhance perception. Theinherent flexibility and functionality of object oriented elements are augmented when the elements are rigorously developed as an object oriented library system, with classes and sub-classes of elements whichinherit characteristics of the parent–class. Attribute values of a parent–class give the user global control over all instances of that class and its sub–classes in the model’s database. The concepts which SystemsTheory uses for making an abstraction of reality are analogous to the concepts used in object oriented programming. This paper describes how Systems Theory is used as tool to develop high–level parametric elements as a functionally and computationally efficient library system.
series DDSS
last changed 2003/08/07 16:36

_id ddss9842
id ddss9842
authors Mattsson, Helena
year 1998
title Working with unpredictability
source Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary The paper deals with notions of complexity in art and architecture. On the basis of a recent sculptural work by Richard Serra, Torqued Ellipses (1997), the notion of complexity is investigated in terms of how it situates the viewer, and affects our sense of space and time. Serra’s work is analyzed in terms of the artist’s working method, the production of the work, and finally the ”external relations” which connect it to the viewer and the context. In each of these steps, the notions of complexity and unpredictability are shown to have a formative role. The relations between space and time, object and context, are redefined in Serra’s work, which also gives it great importance for architectural theory and practice.
series DDSS
last changed 2003/08/07 16:36

_id 60fe
authors Neuckermans, Herman and Geebelen, Ben (Eds.)
year 1998
title Computers in Design Studio Teaching [International Workshop Proceedings] 180 p.
source EAAE/eCAADe International Workshop Proceedings / Leuven (Belgium) / ISBN 09523687-7-313-14 / November 1998, 180 p.
summary Studio Teaching and CAAD are often perceived as separate worlds within academia: different topics, different locations, different teachers, weak interaction, if any at all. The workshop aimed at bringing two parties together: those who really have experience in teaching the use of computers while students are designing, and those who have no experience but have ideas about what to do, what not, and why. The key issues were: how and for what purpose are computers used in the design studio, why and for what purpose are computers not used in the design studio, when and how to start with CAAD in the curriculum, and what is the relationship between CAAD teaching and architectural and/or design theory? In bringing together the EAAE and the eCAADe community, an interesting and fruitful exchange of ideas amongst teachers in architecture took place.
keywords Design Studio, Teaching
series eCAADe
email
more http://www.eaae.be/
last changed 2000/11/21 09:17

_id ddss9844
id ddss9844
authors Osaragi, Toshihiro and Kurisaki, Naoko
year 1998
title A Model of Land use Conversion and Its Application
source Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary A quantitative model for analyzing the spatial distribution of land use utility is proposed. This model is based on the random bidding theory in which location behavior is decided according to the size of utility to be obtained. The utility function used here consists of the benefit and the cost in the process of land use transition. The benefit is described as the positive utility that can be obtained by doing the corresponding land use at the place. The cost is described as the negative utility that is necessary forchanging the land use from one state to the others. The most likelihood method is generally employed to estimate the parameters of this kind of models. However, we attempt to propose the other statistical method through the mathematical consideration. Using this model, it is possible to obtain the spatial distribution of land use utility that differs with the places and with the land use states. We can also evaluate the effects of a change of land-price or construction costs on our utility. Namely, our locationbehavior can be estimated numerically relating with the social or economic factors. As numerical examples, we apply the proposed model to the actual land use data and access the effectiveness of the model.
series DDSS
last changed 2003/08/07 16:36

_id 48db
authors Proctor, George
year 2001
title CADD Curriculum - The Issue of Visual Acuity
source Architectural Information Management [19th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-8-1] Helsinki (Finland) 29-31 August 2001, pp. 192-200
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2001.192
summary Design educators attempt to train the eyes and minds of students to see and comprehend the world around them with the intention of preparing those students to become good designers, critical thinkers and ultimately responsible architects. Over the last eight years we have been developing the digital media curriculum of our architecture program with these fundamental values. We have built digital media use and instruction on the foundation of our program which has historically been based in physical model making. Digital modeling has gradually replaced the capacity of physical models as an analytical and thinking tool, and as a communication and presentation device. The first year of our program provides a foundation and introduction to 2d and 3d design and composition, the second year explores larger buildings and history, the third year explores building systems and structure through design studies of public buildings, fourth year explores urbanism, theory and technology through topic studios and, during the fifth year students complete a capstone project. Digital media and CADD have and are being synchronized with the existing NAAB accredited regimen while also allowing for alternative career options for students. Given our location in the Los Angeles region, many students with a strong background in digital media have gone on to jobs in video game design and the movie industry. Clearly there is much a student of architecture must learn to attain a level of professional competency. A capacity to think visually is one of those skills and is arguably a skill that distinguishes members of the visual arts (including Architecture) from other disciplines. From a web search of information posted by the American Academy of Opthamology, Visual Acuity is defined as an ability to discriminate fine details when looking at something and is often measured with the Snellen Eye Chart (the 20/20 eye test). In the context of this paper visual acuity refers to a subject’s capacity to discriminate useful abstractions in a visual field for the purposes of Visual Thinking- problem solving through seeing (Arnheim, 1969, Laseau 1980, Hoffman 1998). The growing use of digital media and the expanding ability to assemble design ideas and images through point-and-click methods makes the cultivation and development of visual skills all the more important to today’s crop of young architects. The advent of digital media also brings into question the traditional, static 2d methods used to build visual skills in a design education instead of promoting active 3d methods for teaching, learning and developing visual skills. Interactive digital movies provide an excellent platform for promoting visual acuity, and correlating the innate mechanisms of visual perception with the abstractions and notational systems used in professional discourse. In the context of this paper, pedagogy for building visual acuity is being considered with regard to perception of the real world, for example the visual survey of an environment, a site or a street scene and how that visual survey works in conjunction with practice.
keywords Curriculum, Seeing, Abstracting, Notation
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 08:00

_id ddss9845
id ddss9845
authors Reymen, Isabelle M.M.J.
year 1998
title Design in Architecture, Software Engineering and Mechanical EngineeringA comparative study
source Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary The awareness about the gap between general design theory and design practice is increasing. Design practice is not really served with the results of current design theory. To build a bridge between theory and practice, design researchers should know what is really going on in practice. To explore design practice and to find the most important characteristics of design situations, I have chosen an empirical approach based on case studies in which design projects in different disciplines are compared. In each case study, an individual designer is interviewed and the design documents are analysed. The results in this article are based on two architectural projects, two software-engineering projects and two mechanical-engineering projects. The cross-case analysis has resulted indescriptions of design situations in these disciplines. A preliminary design frame to describe design situations in different disciplines has been derived. Based on similarities and differences in the descriptions, conclusions concerning design theory, design education and design practice are given. The most important conclusions are the following. First, designers are often not aware of their design process, but focus mainly on the product. Second, software designers more often than architects andmechanical engineers use methods to structure their overall design process.
series DDSS
email
last changed 2003/08/07 16:36

_id ddss9846
id ddss9846
authors Rigatti, Decio
year 1998
title Rubem Berta Housing Estate: Order and Structure, Designand Use
source Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary The main goal of this paper is to investigate, through some space configurational based tools, a quite common phenomenon found in many different locations in Brazil, concerning the process of urban changes individually introduced by dwellers of public housing estates. A significant number of housing estates, particularly those designed according to rationalist concepts, seem to be unable to support space related social requirements and are then widely transformed when compared to the original layouts. Beyond the quantitative features, the morphological changes that take place in those housing estates mean a fundamental new approach to understand how completely new urban structures can arisefrom the space produced by a comprehensive urban design, took as a starting point for the transformations made by the dwellers of those settlements. As a case study is analysed the Rubem Berta Housing Estate which was built in Porto Alegre/RS, Brazil, for 20,000 people in the late 70’s. Since the begining of its occupation in 1986 and the invasion that took place in 1987, the urban transformations there have never stopped. It’s possible to realize that the dwellers individually use some constant physical rules to define the new settlement which are very similar within the estate itself and, at the same time, very similar to those found in other transformed housing estates of this sort. The physical rules introduced change the features of the entire settlement in two different levels: a) locally, through the transformations introduced in order to solve individual needs; b) globally, the local rules of physical transformations produce a new overall structure for the whole urban complex. The knowledge of this process makes it possible to bring to the surface of architectural theory some generic configurational codes that can be used as a tool for designing public housing estates in Brazil.
series DDSS
last changed 2003/08/07 16:36

_id ga9812
id ga9812
authors Riley, Howard
year 1998
title The Genetic Code of Drawing: A systemic – functional approach to the semiotics of visual language
source International Conference on Generative Art
summary The many varied drawing conventions, invented by human cultures world-wide to depict experience of their world on a two-dimensional surface, all derive from the two fundamental processes of selection and combination of marks and surfaces. Here is the DNA of drawing – a dialectically entwined pair from which spirals the luxuriant diversity of human visual representation. Recent work by visual semioticians Michael O’Toole, Gunther Kress and Theo van Leeuwen has extended earlier insights of the linguist Michael Halliday to arrive at a powerful means of analysing painting, sculpture, architecture and graphics. Such analysis is known as systemic-functional semiotics because it identifies from within a visual grammar and vocabulary the systems of choices which enable the social functions of all human communication to be articulated. Those functions are: 1. to represent aspects of our physical and emotional experiences of the world. 2. to afford both artist and viewer the means for expressing or adopting personal attitudes and moods towards those experiences. An interpersonal function. Of course, a third function is required to make the previous two visible: 3. the functon of composition in material form. This kind of semiotics recognise that ideological constraints within a society can determine the choices of visual elements and the rules of their combination; it also recognises, dialectically, that the visual work thus produced may in turn affect the society’s ideological constructs. The paper breaks new ground by extending the concept of social semiotics into the field of Drawing. It goes on to explain an ecological approach to understanding visual perception, and attempts to synthesise aspects of this perception theory and semiotic theory. The resulting synthesis becomes a way of mapping the varieties of drawing which are generated from what may be termed the ?genetic code? of drawing. But this new theoretical model proposed here not only allows us to make contextual sense of existing drawing; it also provides a means of generating new ways of drawing.
series other
email
more http://www.generativeart.com/
last changed 2003/08/07 17:25

_id ddss9850
id ddss9850
authors Schmid, P. and Olie, J.C.M.
year 1998
title The Knot - A support for designers, decisionmakers, producers and productsconcerning building systems in the light of Sustainable Development
source Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary This paper deals with the topics of design theory, decision support systems and product modeling. In order to be able to generate optimal decisions in the framework of architectural and building systems design it is necessary to use a proper base, like a design theory, which finally can lead towards a satisfying product modeling in a wide sense of this term.
series DDSS
last changed 2003/08/07 16:36

_id ddss9853
id ddss9853
authors Sidjanin, Predrag and Gerhardt, Waltraud
year 1998
title A design tool for analysis and visual quality control of urbanenvironments supported by object databases
source Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary In the paper, the main concepts about a design tool supported by an object database system will be described. The design tool should improve architectural design with respect to analysis and improving existing and planned urban environments regarding several quality criteria, especially those associated with visual aspects. Preconditions for defining the design tool's purpose are the determination of the "well-situated" urban elements, their impact on cognitive mapping, and the exploitation of thisknowledge on cognitive mapping for the improvement of urban environments. Cognitive mapping is a kind of representation of schematic knowledge that a person has about familiar environments. A cognitive map is stored information or knowledge about the purpose and function of the environment. This leads to the conclusion that an urban environment design which takes of the process of cognitive mapping into consideration, will be experienced by most of the people in the same way. Investigationsof this process result in a theoretical model of elements of urban environments, their relationships and their dependencies. The theoretical platform of the tool is based on design theory, cognitive science andcomputer science. Design theory and cognitive science will be used to develop the theoretical model. This theoretical model together with computer science will be the basis for tool development. The tooluses a schematic representation of urban environment, based partly on Lynch's theory of "urban form". Lynch's theory is crucial for the tool because it explains almost all elements of urban environments. Systematic investigation of urban environments and their characteristics are important for theoretical modeling as well as for the later computational modeling of the tool. The main computational support for the tool will be provided by an object database system, which helps to represent and to handle all the urban elements with their properties and relationships, with their natural semantics. The information represented in the database will be used to analyze urban environments as well as to improve andcontrol their visual quality.
series DDSS
email
last changed 2003/08/07 16:36

_id ddss9805
id ddss9805
authors Timmermans, Harry (Ed.)
year 1998
title The Effects of Cubist Design Theory on Modernism and Post Modernism
source Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary The main aim of this study is to present design theories since 1900s and their evaluation for 2000s. For this reason the basic manifesto; “Modernism” which gives its signs and principles to the identityof 20th century is held as beginning point. The modern movement in architecture in order to fully express 20th century, possessed the “faith in science and technology”, “rationalism and romantic faithin speed” or “the roar of machines”. And also it was treated as a series of discrete art movements like Futurism, Cubism, Constructivism, Dadaism, Surrealism. But one of them; “Cubism” is pointed out tobe the first movement of “Purism” that built “Modernism”. To emphasise the general idea of design theories in 1900s, Cubism is chosen as a point of view and the aim is required to put forward some ideas by criticising cubist design theory and putting some principles about the effects of cubist design theory on modernism and post modernism (trends and periods after modernism). The method of “Conceptualisation”, one of the most important system to begin a design is used while making analysis. In this content, the paper involves five main parts. In the first and second parts, theintroduction to Cubism and First Machine Age are explained. The third part consists of Cubism as an art of painting. In the fourth part cubist design theory and the cubist conceptions are posed. The last part of the survey gives the findings and conclusions aiming to put forward estimations for further designs in the future.
series DDSS
last changed 2003/08/27 12:08

_id caadria2006_569
id caadria2006_569
authors WEI-TSANG CHANG, TENG-WEN CHANG
year 2006
title FOLDING SPACE WITH TIME-BASED OPERATIONS
source CAADRIA 2006 [Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Kumamoto (Japan) March 30th - April 2nd 2006, 569-571
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2006.x.j6m
summary Folding is not only a design operation of shaping but also a philosophy theory from Deleuze (Deleuze 1988) which was adopted by architecture. Basically, folding constitutes to forming and topology, which often delivered a mathematical and philosophical expression in generating 3D architectural form. For instance, the work of Eisenman (Eisenman 2003), Libeskind and Lynn (Lynn 1998), they use folding as inspiration to explore the textural folding and bifurcation meaning in the process of form-making. While exploring the meaning of folding, their ideas are expressed by the form using computational tools. Therefore, if a suitable or inspirable tool like our Folding Space (FoS) could be available, such action –fold can be expressed further in the form exploration process.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id ddss9848
id ddss9848
authors Yyldyrym, Sercan and Doday, Asly
year 1998
title Design Theory and Film
source Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Fourth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Maastricht, the Netherlands), ISBN 90-6814-081-7, July 26-29, 1998
summary Design theories and film work with the same keywords since the designative concepts for both are time and space. At the beginning of the 20th century, the discovery of montage technique and a new esthetic language took place synchronically. This led to an interaction between them. Throughout the paper, this situation has been searched. However, the look is operational. For this reason, other discussions, concerning the topic have been excluded. The discussion is formed basically around four points defined in the 20th century. Four directors: Eisenstein, Tarkovski, Lynch and Greenaway are examined and discussed with their operational methods of filming. Various architects’ works are also searched and discussed with the same operational keywords. The paper aims to disclose the interaction between the topics.
series DDSS
last changed 2003/08/07 16:36

For more results click below:

this is page 0show page 1show page 2show page 3show page 4show page 5... show page 12HOMELOGIN (you are user _anon_95485 from group guest) CUMINCAD Papers Powered by SciX Open Publishing Services 1.002