Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	b578
authors	Kawasumi, Norihiro and Yamaguchi, Shigeyuki
year	1999
title	A Study of Design Information System for Network Collaboration
source	CAADRIA '99 [Proceedings of The Fourth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 7-5439-1233-3] Shanghai (China) 5-7 May 1999, pp. 191-199
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1999.191
summary	In this paper, we discuss about the architectural design collaboration and information management based on the worldwide network. Internet and WWW are rapidly infiltrating through the architectural schools in the world, so it is easy to communicate and share the design information with web homepage and e-mail. But, a set of homepage and e-mail is not sufficient for easy and smooth design. Because of the data management method and system for network collaboration is not yet well organized nor well developed. In this paper, we report the results of two Virtual Design Studio projects that we have experienced and intend to analyze the problems to exchange and share the design information on the web. Then we propose the collaborative design system environment and evaluate it from the result of the experimental third Virtual Design Studio project that we have executed.
series	CAADRIA
more	http://archigraf.archi.kit.ac.jp/
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	2524
authors	Corrao, R. and Fulantelli, G.
year	1999
title	The Web to Support Creative Design in Architecture
source	AVOCAAD Second International Conference [AVOCAAD Conference Proceedings / ISBN 90-76101-02-07] Brussels (Belgium) 8-10 April 1999, pp. 275-283
summary	The use of the web in a didactic context appears to be extremely meaningful and effective. In Architecture, the web has huge potential: among others, it has the ability to gather an enormous amount of information, and the ability to create an active learning environment, one which affords the learner opportunities to engage and think. The paper reports on a Web Based Instruction (WBI) system developed at the Italian National Research Council -Institute for Educational and Training Technologies- to support design activities for students of the Italian Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering. Original features of the system allow students to study and design in an effective way. Specifically, a particular set of "virtual stationery items" has been implemented and integrated in the system to help students, enrolled on on-line courses, to mimic important traditional study activities, still gaining all the advantages of using the Web. These tools are integrated with communication tools in the same learning environment. A very important feature of the WBI system is that authorised users can enrich the information network in the system, by adding new pages and new links. In the paper we report on the structure of the system, with particular focus on the information domain. Some of the "working tools" which allow users to simulate traditional study activities and the hypertext extension mechanism are also described.
series	AVOCAAD
last changed	2005/09/09 10:48

_id	fd25
authors	Homma, R., Iki, K., Morozumi, M. and Morisaki, T.
year	1999
title	Geographic Information Database for Landscape Evaluation
source	CAADRIA '99 [Proceedings of The Fourth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 7-5439-1233-3] Shanghai (China) 5-7 May 1999, pp. 143-152
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1999.143
summary	In a landscape evaluation of a large-scale facilities construction such as garbage disposal facilities, it is necessary to grasp landscape characteristics of the area that is able to observe object facilities. This landscape characteristic consists of both a geographical characteristic (landscape resources, public space, districts designated by various urban planing laws, etc.) and a visual characteristic (visibility / invisibility range, distance from the object). The facilities design with consideration for landscape requires a geographic information database for the landscape characteristic, which enable planners to share the geographic information in the area. Authors proposed Network-based Dynamic Evaluation Process for urban landscapes in CAADRIA98, and illustrated the need of the common place that shares geographic information in the process. The system has function to provide the information of the area with layered maps simply. However the system developed with HTML Layer Function, that has limited to update data and boolean operate of layers. For using the system for practical purposes, it should conduct a GIS lookup and report back, via HTML. On the other hand, at present, there are various analogue thematic maps, digital maps are not prepared enough for landscape evaluation. It causes that landscape design process is not efficient. Also, a potential (importance) of viewpoints for evaluating facilities design have been defined by qualitative analysis so far, therefore a quantitative comparison of viewpoints was not available. As a solution of those problems, authors are tackling the development of Geographic Information Database (GIDB) by using GIS. In this paper authors give an outline of GIDB composed of overlaying various digital thematic maps included visual characteristic of the facilities. As a case study, in construction of the garbage disposal facilities in Kumamoto city, the important viewpoints was extracted by GIDB.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	cf2011_p109
id	cf2011_p109
authors	Abdelmohsen, Sherif; Lee Jinkook, Eastman Chuck
year	2011
title	Automated Cost Analysis of Concept Design BIM Models
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 403-418.
summary	AUTOMATED COST ANALYSIS OF CONCEPT DESIGN BIM MODELS Interoperability: BIM models and cost models This paper introduces the automated cost analysis developed for the General Services Administration (GSA) and the analysis results of a case study involving a concept design courthouse BIM model. The purpose of this study is to investigate interoperability issues related to integrating design and analysis tools; specifically BIM models and cost models. Previous efforts to generate cost estimates from BIM models have focused on developing two necessary but disjoint processes: 1) extracting accurate quantity take off data from BIM models, and 2) manipulating cost analysis results to provide informative feedback. Some recent efforts involve developing detailed definitions, enhanced IFC-based formats and in-house standards for assemblies that encompass building models (e.g. US Corps of Engineers). Some commercial applications enhance the level of detail associated to BIM objects with assembly descriptions to produce lightweight BIM models that can be used by different applications for various purposes (e.g. Autodesk for design review, Navisworks for scheduling, Innovaya for visual estimating, etc.). This study suggests the integration of design and analysis tools by means of managing all building data in one shared repository accessible to multiple domains in the AEC industry (Eastman, 1999; Eastman et al., 2008; authors, 2010). Our approach aims at providing an integrated platform that incorporates a quantity take off extraction method from IFC models, a cost analysis model, and a comprehensive cost reporting scheme, using the Solibri Model Checker (SMC) development environment. Approach As part of the effort to improve the performance of federal buildings, GSA evaluates concept design alternatives based on their compliance with specific requirements, including cost analysis. Two basic challenges emerge in the process of automating cost analysis for BIM models: 1) At this early concept design stage, only minimal information is available to produce a reliable analysis, such as space names and areas, and building gross area, 2) design alternatives share a lot of programmatic requirements such as location, functional spaces and other data. It is thus crucial to integrate other factors that contribute to substantial cost differences such as perimeter, and exterior wall and roof areas. These are extracted from BIM models using IFC data and input through XML into the Parametric Cost Engineering System (PACES, 2010) software to generate cost analysis reports. PACES uses this limited dataset at a conceptual stage and RSMeans (2010) data to infer cost assemblies at different levels of detail. Functionalities Cost model import module The cost model import module has three main functionalities: generating the input dataset necessary for the cost model, performing a semantic mapping between building type specific names and name aggregation structures in PACES known as functional space areas (FSAs), and managing cost data external to the BIM model, such as location and construction duration. The module computes building data such as footprint, gross area, perimeter, external wall and roof area and building space areas. This data is generated through SMC in the form of an XML file and imported into PACES. Reporting module The reporting module uses the cost report generated by PACES to develop a comprehensive report in the form of an excel spreadsheet. This report consists of a systems-elemental estimate that shows the main systems of the building in terms of UniFormat categories, escalation, markups, overhead and conditions, a UniFormat Level III report, and a cost breakdown that provides a summary of material, equipment, labor and total costs. Building parameters are integrated in the report to provide insight on the variations among design alternatives.
keywords	building information modeling, interoperability, cost analysis, IFC
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	d15b
authors	Carrara, G., Fioravanti, A., Novembri, G., Brusasco, P.L., Caneparo, L. and Zorgno, A.M.
year	1999
title	Computer Supported Design Studio
source	Media and Design Process [ACADIA ‘99 / ISBN 1-880250-08-X] Salt Lake City 29-31 October 1999, pp. 82-95
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1999.082
summary	The paper presents the ongoing experimentation of a Computer Supported Design Studio (CSDS). CSDS is part of our continuing effort to integrate computer systems in the design studio. We recognize three corner stones to CSDS: memory, process and collaboration. They offer a framework for the interpretation of the pedagogical aspects of the teaching of architectural design in relation to the innovations produced by information technologies. The theme of the ongoing CSDS is a railway station in Turin, Italy, to be incorporated in a reorganized rail transport system. The choice of this theme emphasizes the realistic simulation aspects of the studio, where technical problems at the intersection of multiple disciplines need to be interpreted from an architectural point of view.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	6930
authors	Cattoni, Edson Luis and Santiago, Alina Goncalves
year	1999
title	Lagoa da Conceicao - Florianópolis - Ilha de Santa Catarina: Uma Paisagem em Transformacao II (Conceicao Lagoon - Florianópolis - Ilha of Santa Catarina Island: A Landscape in Transformation II)
source	III Congreso Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings] Montevideo (Uruguay) September 29th - October 1st 1999, pp. 157-160
summary	This work presents the study and applied assays (or simulation tests) about the ordination of urban space in the region of Lagoa da Conceição. In the region pressures placed by the growth of urban area and urban network system are in contact conflict with a fragile ecosystem, and with a sustainable development based on tourism. Analysis procedures exploited different forms of Space Syntax trying to examine effects of spatial structure in relation to movement patterns of pedestrians and vehicles. This methodology allowed the comprehension of relation between spatial configuration, transport and soil use, and reveled the interdependence and performance of built space within the restrict regional scale (Lagoa da Conceição) and the total urban structure of the island. This understanding is not limited to the present. Is also includes the study of historic urban evolution, and simulation of existing projects for the future, being an important tool to support project decision process. Consequently, the obtained results bring a new approach for the problem, which makes possible the synthesis of design proposals verifying its implications and consequences.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:48

_id	avocaad_2001_02
id	avocaad_2001_02
authors	Cheng-Yuan Lin, Yu-Tung Liu
year	2001
title	A digital Procedure of Building Construction: A practical project
source	AVOCAAD - ADDED VALUE OF COMPUTER AIDED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Nys Koenraad, Provoost Tom, Verbeke Johan, Verleye Johan (Eds.), (2001) Hogeschool voor Wetenschap en Kunst - Departement Architectuur Sint-Lucas, Campus Brussel, ISBN 80-76101-05-1
summary	In earlier times in which computers have not yet been developed well, there has been some researches regarding representation using conventional media (Gombrich, 1960; Arnheim, 1970). For ancient architects, the design process was described abstractly by text (Hewitt, 1985; Cable, 1983); the process evolved from unselfconscious to conscious ways (Alexander, 1964). Till the appearance of 2D drawings, these drawings could only express abstract visual thinking and visually conceptualized vocabulary (Goldschmidt, 1999). Then with the massive use of physical models in the Renaissance, the form and space of architecture was given better precision (Millon, 1994). Researches continued their attempts to identify the nature of different design tools (Eastman and Fereshe, 1994). Simon (1981) figured out that human increasingly relies on other specialists, computational agents, and materials referred to augment their cognitive abilities. This discourse was verified by recent research on conception of design and the expression using digital technologies (McCullough, 1996; Perez-Gomez and Pelletier, 1997). While other design tools did not change as much as representation (Panofsky, 1991; Koch, 1997), the involvement of computers in conventional architecture design arouses a new design thinking of digital architecture (Liu, 1996; Krawczyk, 1997; Murray, 1997; Wertheim, 1999). The notion of the link between ideas and media is emphasized throughout various fields, such as architectural education (Radford, 2000), Internet, and restoration of historical architecture (Potier et al., 2000). Information technology is also an important tool for civil engineering projects (Choi and Ibbs, 1989). Compared with conventional design media, computers avoid some errors in the process (Zaera, 1997). However, most of the application of computers to construction is restricted to simulations in building process (Halpin, 1990). It is worth studying how to employ computer technology meaningfully to bring significant changes to concept stage during the process of building construction (Madazo, 2000; Dave, 2000) and communication (Haymaker, 2000).In architectural design, concept design was achieved through drawings and models (Mitchell, 1997), while the working drawings and even shop drawings were brewed and communicated through drawings only. However, the most effective method of shaping building elements is to build models by computer (Madrazo, 1999). With the trend of 3D visualization (Johnson and Clayton, 1998) and the difference of designing between the physical environment and virtual environment (Maher et al. 2000), we intend to study the possibilities of using digital models, in addition to drawings, as a critical media in the conceptual stage of building construction process in the near future (just as the critical role that physical models played in early design process in the Renaissance). This research is combined with two practical building projects, following the progress of construction by using digital models and animations to simulate the structural layouts of the projects. We also tried to solve the complicated and even conflicting problems in the detail and piping design process through an easily accessible and precise interface. An attempt was made to delineate the hierarchy of the elements in a single structural and constructional system, and the corresponding relations among the systems. Since building construction is often complicated and even conflicting, precision needed to complete the projects can not be based merely on 2D drawings with some imagination. The purpose of this paper is to describe all the related elements according to precision and correctness, to discuss every possibility of different thinking in design of electric-mechanical engineering, to receive feedback from the construction projects in the real world, and to compare the digital models with conventional drawings.Through the application of this research, the subtle relations between the conventional drawings and digital models can be used in the area of building construction. Moreover, a theoretical model and standard process is proposed by using conventional drawings, digital models and physical buildings. By introducing the intervention of digital media in design process of working drawings and shop drawings, there is an opportune chance to use the digital media as a prominent design tool. This study extends the use of digital model and animation from design process to construction process. However, the entire construction process involves various details and exceptions, which are not discussed in this paper. These limitations should be explored in future studies.
series	AVOCAAD
email
last changed	2005/09/09 10:48

_id	9cab
authors	Coomans, M.K.D.
year	1999
title	A Virtual Reality User Interface for a Design Information System, CCAI: the Journal for the Integrated Study of Artificial Intelligence
source	Cognitive Science and Applied Epistemology, Rijks Universiteit Gent
summary	The computer is a tool, a complex artefact that is used to extend our reach. A computer system can provide several kinds of services, but against these services stands a supplementary task that the user must deal with: the communication with the computer system. We argued that Virtual Reality (VR) can fundamentally improve the user interface by rendering on the common experiential skills of all users. We present the theoretical basis for this, referring to Donald Norman's theory. We show that VR provides at least theoretically, the means to take a big step in the direction of an ideal user interface. As an example of a innovative application of VR in user interface design, we presented the VR-DIS system; an interdisciplinary design system for the building and construction industry. We discuss the issues underlying the design of its VR interface.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	125a
authors	Dikbas, Attila
year	1999
title	An Evaluating Model for the Usage of Web-based Information Technology in Computer Aided Architectural Design and Engineering Education
source	Architectural Computing from Turing to 2000 [eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-5-7] Liverpool (UK) 15-17 September 1999, pp. 349-352
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1999.349
summary	New technologies often reshape expectations, needs and Opportunities so as to develop strategic Plans for the implementation of Information Techniques in education and research. The widespread acceptance of the internet and more specifically the World Wide Web (WWW) has raised the awareness of educators to the potential for online education, virtual classrooms and even virtual universities. With the advent of computer mediated communication, especially the widespread adoption of the web as a publishing medium, educators see the advantages and potential of delivering educational material over the Internet. The Web offers an excellent medium for content delivery with full text, colour graphics support and hyperlinks. The Purpose of this paper is to present a model for the usage of web-based information technology in computer aided architectural design and engineering education. It involves the key features of a full educational system that is capable of offering the teacher and the student flexibility with which to approach their teaching and learning tasks in ways most appropriate to the architectural design and engineering education. Web-based educational system aims at creating quality in on-line educational materials taking collaboration, support, new skills, and, most of all, time. The paper concludes with a discussion of the benefits of such an education system suggesting directions for further work needed to improve the quality of architectural design and engineering education.
keywords	Web-based Information Technology, Online Education, Virtual Campus, Computer Aided Architectural Design, Engineering Education
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ab77
authors	Iki, K., Shimoda, S., Kumadaki, N. and Homma, R.
year	1999
title	Development and Use of Intranet-Based CAFM System
source	CAADRIA '99 [Proceedings of The Fourth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 7-5439-1233-3] Shanghai (China) 5-7 May 1999, pp. 383-392
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1999.383
summary	In the past CAFM system study, we proposed a system for supporting data-processing and plan-drafting, on the assumption that it is to be used in different stages of Building Construction, Interior Spatial Planning and Maintenance. By the above system, we have developed a CAFM system using the DBMS (Data Base Management System), CAD (Computer Aided Design) and Spread Sheet as the analysis tools. Management system with FM-related data editing functions such as 'Input', 'Modification', 'Deleting', etc, are proposed. To promote the FM business smoothly, information should be shared among departments concerned, and informative administrative framework should be organized. This time, we propose a prototype of CAFM system on INTRANET which is developed for general users that permits browsing and downloading of system database.
series	CAADRIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	39cb
authors	Kelleners, Richard H.M.C.
year	1999
title	Constraints in object-oriented graphics
source	Eindhoven University of Technology
summary	In the area of interactive computer graphics, two important approaches to deal with the complexity of designing and implementing graphics systems are object-oriented programming and constraint-based programming. From literature, it appears that combination of these two has clear advantages but has also proven to be difficult. One of the main problems is that constraint programming infringes the information hiding principle of object-oriented programming. The goal of the research project is to combine these two approaches to benefit from the strengths of both. Two research groups at the Eindhoven University of Technology investigate the use of constraints on graphics objects. At the Architecture department, constraints are applied in a virtual reality design environment. At the Computer Science department, constraints aid in modeling 3D animations. For these two groups, a constraint system for 3D graphical objects was developed. A conceptual model, called CODE (Constraints on Objects via Data flows and Events), is presented that enables integration of constraints and objects by separating the object world from the constraint world. In the design of this model, the main aspect being considered is that the information hiding principle among objects may not be violated. Constraint solvers, however, should have direct access to an object’s internal data structure. Communication between the two worlds is done via a protocol orthogonal to the message passing mechanism of objects, namely, via events and data flows. This protocol ensures that the information hiding principle at the object-oriented programming level is not violated while constraints can directly access “hidden” data. Furthermore, CODE is built up of distinct elements, or entity types, like constraint, solver, event, data flow. This structure enables that several special purpose constraint solvers can be defined and made to cooperate to solve complex constraint problems. A prototype implementation was built to study the feasibility of CODE. Therefore, the implementation should correspond directly to the conceptual model. To this end, every entity (object, constraint, solver) of the conceptual model is represented by a separate process in the language MANIFOLD. The (concurrent) processes communicate by events and data flows. The implementation serves to validate the conceptual model and to demonstrate that it is a viable way of combining constraints and objects. After the feasibility study, the prototype was discarded. The gained experience was used to build an implementation of the conceptual model for the two research groups. This implementation encompassed a constraint system with multiple solvers and constraint types. The constraint system was built as an object-oriented library that can be linked to the applications in the respective research groups. Special constructs were designed to ensure information hiding among application objects while constraints and solvers have direct access to the object data. CODE manages the complexity of object-oriented constraint solving by defining a communication protocol to allow the two paradigms to cooperate. The prototype implementation demonstrates that CODE can be implemented into a working system. Finally, the implementation of an actual application shows that the model is suitable for the development of object-oriented software.
keywords	Computer Graphics; Object Oriented Programming; Constraint Programming
series	thesis:PhD
last changed	2003/02/12 22:37

_id	7c87
authors	Mahdavi, A., Ilal, M.E. Mathew, O., Ries, R. and Suter, G.
year	1999
title	Aspects of S2
source	Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures [ISBN 0-7923-8536-5] Atlanta, 7-8 June 1999, pp. 185-196
summary	We present in this paper the essential aspects of the S2 system. This is the internet realization of SEMPER, an active, multi-domain, space-based, object oriented design environment for integrated building performance modeling. The key features of the S2 environment are as follows: A user can access the system regardless of the computer hardware, operating system or the location on a network; geographically distributed users can asynchronously generate a building model through the user interface; this building model can then be simultaneously evaluated with multiple simulation applications running on remote simulation servers; persistent storage is provided for project data and evaluation results; designers using the system have access to multiple libraries that contain building information such as material data, construction types, schedules, and weather data.
keywords	Building Performance Simulation, Distributed System, Internet
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2006/11/07 07:22

_id	6476
authors	Maver, T., Petric, J., Ennis, G. and Lindsay, M.
year	2000
title	Visiting The Virtual City
source	SIGraDi’2000 - Construindo (n)o espacio digital (constructing the digital Space) [4th SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 85-88027-02-X] Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) 25-28 september 2000, pp. 135-139
summary	In 1999, the city of Glasgow in Scotland, celebrated the honour of being the UK City of Architecture and Design. The same year saw the successful launch, on the Internet, of a fully interactive virtual experience of the city. This paper describes the evolution and functionality of vrglasgow over the last 10 years and anticipates its future development over the next 5 years. Currently the system comprises the VRML topography, the road network and the 3-D geometry of around 10,000 buildings within the city centre. The visitor to the virtual city to navigate and search under a range of headings for items of interest and experience some of Glasgow’s best architecture. Data from a number of information sources are interlinked and made accessible through VRML as well as through the conventional internet modes such as lists, tables and search engines. Consequently, the visitor can explore the city intuitively.
keywords	3D City modeling
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:55

_id	6024
authors	McCall, Raymond
year	1999
title	A Web-centric CAD System for Collaborative Design
source	Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures [ISBN 0-7923-8536-5] Atlanta, 7-8 June 1999, pp. 65-79
summary	Web-PHIDIAS is a hypermedia-based, intelligent CAD system that delivers both CAD functionality and design information to anyone with Web access. This system is above all designed to facilitate collaborative architectural design. It provides both private (individual) and collaborative (group) drawing and text authoring spaces, with a variety of types of authoring and viewing privileges for groups. This enables a single designer to work in privacy on one piece of a design and later "publish" it to a supervisor or a group. It also enables a group to work in privacy and later publish its work to a different or larger group. This notion of "levels of privacy/publication" is a crucial but too- often missing component of collaborative design systems. With WebPHIDIAS, all drawings are stored in a central repository accessible from the group server. This means that they are accessible from anywhere in the world to any viewer who has the required viewing and/or authoring privileges. This enables designers to access and modify stored drawings while travelling or when out on the site, even if the site is in another country. It also enables them to create new drawings and store them in the central repository from anywhere in the world. Web-PHIDIAS consists of an interactive Web-based client that serves as an interface to the PHIDIAS hypermedia server. This client, which is implemented in Java, provides basic, 2D graphical editing functionality and as well as display of 3D views. It also provides access to multimedia information useful for whatever design task is at hand. This information includes text and graphical descriptions of design precedents as well as various issues in design of a particular type of building.
keywords	Net-Centric, Web-Centric, Hypertext, Hypermedia, CAD, HyperCAD, Knowledge-Based Critics, Collaboration, Executable Content, Argumentative Design, IBIS, PHI, Design Rationale
series	CAAD Futures
last changed	2006/11/07 07:22

_id	d8df
authors	Naticchia, Berardo
year	1999
title	Physical Knowledge in Patterns: Bayesian Network Models for Preliminary Design
source	Architectural Computing from Turing to 2000 [eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-5-7] Liverpool (UK) 15-17 September 1999, pp. 611-619
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1999.611
summary	Computer applications in design have pursued two main development directions: analytical modelling and information technology. The former line has produced a large number of tools for reality simulation (i.e. finite element models), the latter is producing an equally large amount of advances in conceptual design support (i.e. artificial intelligence tools). Nevertheless we can trace rare interactions between computation models related to those different approaches. This lack of integration is the main reason of the difficulty of CAAD application to the preliminary stage of design, where logical and quantitative reasoning are closely related in a process that we often call 'qualitative evaluation'. This paper briefly surveys the current development of qualitative physical models applied in design and propose a general approach for modelling physical behaviour by means of Bayesian network we are employing to develop a tutoring and coaching system for natural ventilation preliminary design of halls, called VENTPad. This tool explores the possibility of modelling the causal mechanism that operate in real systems in order to allow a number of integrated logical and quantitative inference about the fluid-dynamic behaviour of an hall. This application could be an interesting connection tool between logical and analytical procedures in preliminary design aiding, able to help students or unskilled architects, both to guide them through the analysis process of numerical data (i.e. obtained with sophisticate Computational Fluid Dynamics software) or experimental data (i.e. obtained with laboratory test models) and to suggest improvements to the design.
keywords	Qualitative Physical Modelling, Preliminary Design, Bayesian Networks
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	7b68
authors	Shounai, Y., Morozumi, M., Homma , R. and Murakami, Y.
year	1999
title	On the Development of Group Work CAD for Network PC: GW-CAD III
source	Architectural Computing from Turing to 2000 [eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-5-7] Liverpool (UK) 15-17 September 1999, pp. 473-481
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1999.473
summary	The number of Virtual Design Studio experiments that use a Digital Pin-up Board (WWW) and video conferencing tools is rapidly increasing. As we see that several schools have introduced group-ware to support asynchronous communication of their projects, it is possible to regard that techniques for asynchronous communication have already been developed to some extent. However, participants of those projects still have difficulty with synchronous communication. For example, though designers often desire to exchange models among members to get critical feedback and achieve fast problem solving while working at their desks, there are few CADs that can support concurrent synchronous design communication among members. The first half of this paper discusses a model of synchronous design communication that uses CAD models, and then proposes a prototype of tools that use Microsoft NetMeeting and AutoCAD R14: GW-CAD III. In the middle, a user interface system that enables designers to conveniently model and exchange separate sets of models necessary to elaborate different aspects of design is proposed: "Network Clipboard" "Modeling Space", "Plan Face", and "Section Face". Finally, this paper discusses the results of several experiments that used the prototype.
keywords	Synchronous Collaboration, Internet, CAD, Prototype, Schematic Design
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	151f
authors	Sonia, A.L., Burgos, I. and Szentpaly, I.
year	1999
title	Un Producto Estratégico para la Gestión Territorial: Sigit Tamare (A Strategic Product for the Territorial Management: Sigit Tamare)
source	III Congreso Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings] Montevideo (Uruguay) September 29th - October 1st 1999, pp. 235-238
summary	Beyond its proposed objectives, implementing the Tamare Geographical and Territorial Information System represents a strategic experience for the involved institutions: Zulia´s University Architecture and Design Faculty, PDVSA the State owned petroleum Company; and municipal authorities from the East Coast. These project with participation the petroleum industry and Zulia University, highlights the significance of close interinstitutional and intergovernmental collaboration. The presentation, after a brief reference to objectives, describes characteristics and theoretical development of the system, and emphasizes the implementation phase, designed in three steps, and the participation of each one of the involved institutions. The conclusions establish the reasons why this project is considered to be a strategic product resulting from the joint effort and coordination of different organizations. The benefits obtained by each, including the Tamare Urban Community, represent an achievement for local urban management, within the Venezuelan decentralization process, that widely justifies the joint effort and continuity of this project.
keywords	Information System, Geographical Information System, Territorial Information System, Strategic Product, System Implementation
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 10:00

_id	44c0
authors	Van Leeuwen, Jos P.
year	1999
title	Modelling architectural design information by features : an approach to dynamic product modelling for application in architectural design
source	Eindhoven University of Technology
summary	Architectural design, like many other human activities, benefits more and more from the ongoing development of information and communication technologies. The traditional paper documents for the representation and communication of design are now replaced by digital media. CAD systems have replaced the drawing board and knowledge systems are used to integrate expert knowledge in the design process. Product modelling is one of the most promising approaches in the developments of the last two decades, aiming in the architectural context at the representation and communication of the information related to a building in all its aspects and during its complete life-cycle. However, after studying both the characteristics of the product modelling approach and the characteristics of architectural design, it is concluded in this research project that product modelling does not suffice for support of architectural design. Architectural design is characterised mainly as a problem solving process, involving illdefined problems that require a very dynamic way of dealing with information that concerns both the problem and emerging solutions. Furthermore, architectural design is in many ways an evolutionary process. In short term this is because of the incremental approach to problem solving in design projects; and in long term because of the stylistic development of designers and the continuous developments in the building and construction industry in general. The requirements that are posed by architectural design are concentrated in the keywords extensibility and flexibility of the design informationmodels. Extensibility means that designers can extend conceptual models with definitions that best suit the design concepts they wish to utilise. Flexibility means that information in design models can be structured in a way that accurately represents the design rationale. This includes the modelling of incidental characteristics and relationships of the entities in the model that are not necessarily predefined in a conceptual model. In general, product modelling does not adequately support this dynamic nature of design. Therefore, this research project has studied the concepts developed in the technology of Feature-based modelling, which originates from the area of mechanical engineering. These concepts include the usage of Features as the primitives for defining and reasoning about a product. Features have an autonomous function in the information model, which, as a result, constitutes a flexible network of relationships between Features that are established during the design process. The definition of Features can be specified by designers to formalise new design concepts. This allows the design tools to be adapted to the specific needs of the individual designer, enlarging the library of available resources for design. In addition to these key-concepts in Feature-based modelling as it is developed in the mechanical engineering context, the project has determined the following principles for a Feature-based approach in the architectural context. Features in mechanical engineering are used mainly to describe the lowest level of detail in a product's design, namely the characteristics of its parts. In architecture the design process does not normally follow a strictly hierarchical approach and therefore requires that the building be modelled as a whole. This implies that multiple levels of abstraction are modelled and that Features are used to describe information at the various abstraction levels. Furthermore, architectural design involves concepts that are non-physical as well as physical; Features are to be used for modelling both kinds. The term Feature is defined in this research project to reflect the above key-concepts for this modelling approach. A Feature is an autonomous, coherent collection of information, with semantic meaning to a designer and possibly emerging during design, that is defined to formalise a design concept at any level of abstraction, either physical or non-physical, as part of a building model. Feature models are built up entirely of Features and are structured in the form of a directed graph. The nodes in the graph are the Features, whereas the arcs are the relationships between the Features. Features can be of user-defined types and incidental relationships can be added that are not defined at the typological level. An inventory in this project of what kind of information is involved in the practice of modelling architectural design is based on the analysis of a selection of sources of architectural design information. This inventory is deepened by a case study and results in the proposition of a categorisation of architectural Feature types.
keywords	Automated Management Information Systems; Computer Aided Architectural Design; Information Systems; Modelling
series	thesis:PhD
email
more	http://www.ds.arch.tue.nl/jos/thesis/
last changed	2003/02/12 22:37

_id	ca5e
authors	Yamaguchi, Shigeyuki and Toizumi, Kanou
year	1999
title	Computer Suported Face-to-Face Meeting Environment for Architectural Design Collaboration
source	InterSymp-99[International Conference on Systems Research, Infomatics and Cybernetics/ISBN:0-921836-75-9] Baden-Baden(Germany), August2-6, 1999, pp. 39-47
summary	This paper describes our current work in the development of a collaborative design meeting environment which includes hardware and software. It attempts to support the design collaboration in face-to-face meetings, instead of collaboration in Cyberspace. Pinup walls, a meeting table, white boards are metaphors on the proposed system. Digitized design information, CAD drawings, CG pictures or movies and other documents could be accessible to members sitting for testing, simulating, evaluating design ideas or concepts on the projected video screen using installed program modules or off-the-shelf application programs. They could concentrate on discussing design issues, without interruptions caused by looking for some lost information and preparing design models or documents at their desks.
keywords	Collaborative Design, Design Meeting, Face-to-face Meeting, Interface to design information,Room-ware
series	other
email
last changed	2002/09/14 11:26

_id	d43d
authors	Yu, Dazhong
year	1999
title	Public Participation in Urban Design Based on Information Technology
source	CAADRIA '99 [Proceedings of The Fourth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 7-5439-1233-3] Shanghai (China) 5-7 May 1999, pp. 393-402
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1999.393
summary	For years, lack of public participation has affected the quality of design and planning. The developing cities constantly face the anti-development sentiments on the part of local residents because of controversial decision of development. Rapid development of information technology provides us with a chance to mend the delay of communication with the public in design procedure. It makes it possible to get the resident's reaction to a new project. Unlike a purely CAD-based environment, computer application to urban design is based on a blend of computer-aided design, spatial information system, and interactive multimedia. It is the combination of geometric, geographic, and annotated information and the need of data integration by collaboration and meanwhile it provides opportunities of participation. Due to the position at the crossover of architecture, landscape architecture, and planning, urban design attempts to control the proceeding in both design improvisations and socio-economic policies. In this proceeding, public participation plays an important role in exchanging opinions with the masses. In the situation of participation in China, we can synthesize some useful methods of public participation in the urban design by means of computer simulation, computer communication, and diverse software and tools, etc.
series	CAADRIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

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