Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

PDF papers
References

Hits 1 to 20 of 284

Reformat results as: short short into frame detailed detailed into frame

_id	fbfd
authors	Niemann, Tobias and Schmidt, Alexander
year	1999
title	The Use of New Media Tools n Environmental Simulation
source	Simulation of Architectural Space - Color and Light, Methods and Effects [Proceedings of the 4rd European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 3-86005-267-5] Dresden (Germany), 29 September - 1 October 1999, pp. 28-31
summary	We propose a new application in environmental simulation using digital techniques and new media tools, namely QuickTimeVirtualReality (QTVR) and QuickTimeMovies (QTMovies). QTVR enables the user to interactively rotate in a 360degree panorama. The QTVR panoramas will be generated from single images taken with analogue endoscopic simulation techniques by using special QTVR software. The different QTVR panoramas of the model can be connected with each other, additionally by integrating QTMovies showing tracking shots from one panorama node to the other. Thus a virtual net from the planned urban place can be built in which the user can interactively move around and explore. Practical use of this application in public participation in urban development is proposed. A simple demoversion of the here described application will be shown at the EAEA 1999.
series	EAEA
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

_id	9480
authors	Kan, J.W.T., Chow, B.K.M. and Tsou, J.-Y.
year	1999
title	Visual Impact Evaluation of Electricity Substation Architecture
source	CAADRIA '99 [Proceedings of The Fourth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 7-5439-1233-3] Shanghai (China) 5-7 May 1999, pp. 81-87
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1999.081
summary	This paper presents a case study of the application of computer techniques for design communication and visual impact analysis. We were sponsored by China Light & Power Company Ltd. To simulate the design of a proposed electricity substation and its it is setting in a residential neighborhood. During a five-week intensive study, we took nearly one thousand photographs of the existing site. We also created a three-dimensional CAD model of the proposed substation, and produced perspectives from points of view analogous to the photographs. We applied Apple Quicktime VR technology to document the site environment with 360-degree panoramas. We then montaged the computer-generated panoramas with those taken from the real environment. A navigable virtual environment, architectural animation and set of still images were presented to the public in September 1998. The reactions from the regional council members and local residents nearby were recorded to provide evidence to measure the effectiveness of digital architectural design communication.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	de8c
authors	Martens, Bob
year	1999
title	MAKING LIGHT TANGIBLE: SIMULATION OF LIGHT DESIGN WITHIN ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION
source	Full-scale Modeling and the Simulation of Light [Proceedings of the 7th European Full-scale Modeling Association Conference / ISBN 3-85437-167-5] Florence (Italy) 18-20 February 1999, pp. 1-6
summary	In times where computer-assisted representations dominate the “market” of visual simulation, the major strongholds of simulation in true size in conveying (artificial) light configurations have been observed. Though light cannot be “touched” due to its material absence the human eye reacts extremely sensitively to differing constellations. In matters of seconds differences are perceived and classified. Opening up a rift between the various simulation techniques, however, would not prove wise. The normal procedure still consists of trial positioning of lighting objects on site (i.e.: 1:1 simulation at building site). Regarding the effort this causes attempts as to gaining similar results by means of (partial) computer representations are worth considering. The degree of abstraction, however, might be too significant to make for conclusive decisions. In other words: Can the gap between imagination and translation thereof into reality be bridged? This contribution deals with the experimental implementation of artificial light in the full-scale lab and its possibilities regarding the 1:1 simulation at the Vienna University of Technology, with special attention to the didactic aspects related thereto.
keywords	Lighting Design, Full-scale Modeling, Architectural Education, Simulation Dome, Visual Simulation, Model Simulation, Real Environments
series	other
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2004/05/04 11:28

_id	9757
authors	Matalasov, M. and Zavrajine, K.
year	1999
title	Some problems of the light and colour factor in Videosimulation
source	Simulation of Architectural Space - Color and Light, Methods and Effects [Proceedings of the 4rd European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 3-86005-267-5] Dresden (Germany), 29 September - 1 October 1999, pp. 58-61
summary	Daylighting lets to reveal 3D plastic imagination of building and architectural form. Being of the main time for perception of architecture, daylight helps to solve two principal questions: volumetric-spatial and coloristic solution. Experience of the work shows, that modelling in the natural light on the earliest step helps to understand chosen design comparatively and to take essential correction operatively.
series	EAEA
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

_id	29f3
authors	Ohno, Ryuzo and Aoki, Hirofumi
year	1999
title	Development of an Interactive Simulation System for Environment-Behavior Study
source	Simulation of Architectural Space - Color and Light, Methods and Effects [Proceedings of the 4rd European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 3-86005-267-5] Dresden (Germany), 29 September - 1 October 1999, pp. 36-49
summary	An important recent development in the simulation techniques was the changes in the mode of presentation: from passive mode to active one. It is now possible to present an image according to the observer’s voluntary movement of body and head by means of a head-mounted display. Such interactive simulation system, which allows people to observe what they like to see, is suitable to study environmental perception, because active attention is essential to manipulate enormous information in the environment. The present paper reports two case studies in which an interactive simulation system was developed to test psychological impact of interior and exterior spaces: the case study 1 intended to clarify the effect of the disposition of transparent and opaque surfaces of a room on the occupants’ „sense of enclosure“, the case study 2 intended to make clear some physical features along a street which are influential for changing atmosphere. In addition to the empirical research, an attempt to develop a new simulation system which uses both analogue and digital images is briefly reported, and a preliminary experiment was conducted to test the performance of the simulation system in which such movable elements as pedestrians and cars generated by real-time CG were overlaid on the video image of a scale model street.
series	EAEA
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

_id	ga9923
id	ga9923
authors	Simondetti, Alvise
year	1999
title	Experiments in Rule Based Design and Computer Generated Physical Prototypes
source	International Conference on Generative Art
summary	This paper explores some of the opportunities offered by computer aided design to architects, interior designers and industrial designers. It differs from much of the research in the field in the sense that, it expands out of the boundaries of the computer screen by making computer generated physical prototypes using several different Rapid Prototyping technologies.This paper surveys the author's work at the Department of Architecture, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and more recently the work of his research team at the School of Design, Hong Kong Polytechnic University. The aim of the research is to explore the designer's advantages and limitations using rule based design and rapid prototyping techniques and searching for novel research questions. For each of the experiments proposed I will describe (1) the set up of the experiment (2) the methodology used to conduct the experiments, (3) highlights its advantages and limitations and (4) proposes further possible research questions. Throughout the paper I will focus especially on the unexpected outcomes.
series	other
more	http://www.generativeart.com/
last changed	2003/08/07 17:25

_id	f02e
authors	Traverso, Giovanni and Vighy, Paola
year	1999
title	FULL-SCALE MODELING FOR THE LIGHTING DESIGN OF A NEW PAVILION AT THE VENICE BIENNALE
source	Full-scale Modeling and the Simulation of Light [Proceedings of the 7th European Full-scale Modeling Association Conference / ISBN 3-85437-167-5] Florence (Italy) 18-20 February 1999, pp. 51-56
summary	The research which is presented in this paper is related to a lighting topic and part of an architectural project for a pavilion at the Biennale of Venice, used for modern art exhibitions. The building is located along a Venetian canal: the roof form is curved in a way to allow daylight, reflected by the water, to penetrate in the lower part of the building, determining the atmosphere for the sculpture exhibition. In the upper part of the building, where the rooms have a barrel-shaped roof, we want to provide good diffuse lighting to emphasise the quality of the materials and colors of paintings. Starting point is a study of lighting techniques related to a temporary exhibition of modern art. Special attention will be paid to some considerations concerning the question of conservation, the integration of artificial lighting and daylighting, the modeling effects of light and its color performance as well as the effect of light. The study has been carried out testing (full-) scale models in the Lighting Laboratory at the University College of London.
keywords	Lighting Techniques, Full-scale Experiments, Daylight Control, Model Simulation, Real Environments
series	other
type	normal paper
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/efa
last changed	2004/05/04 11:29

_id	1c27
authors	Xi, F. and Shu, B.
year	1999
title	CAD-based path planning for 3-D line laser scanning
source	Computer-Aided Design, Vol. 31 (7) (1999) pp. 473-479
summary	The problem of path planning for 3-D line laser scanning is addressed in this article. The path under study is for a line, as opposed to a point in conventional CNC and CMMtoolpath planning. While the objective of the latter case is to drive a point along a curve, that of the former case is to drive a line across a surface. To solve this problem, a pathplanning method is developed. First, a slicing approach is put forward to divide a part CAD model into a number of sections, since the laser scanning line is limited by thescanning width and a single scanning pass cannot cover the whole surface. Second, for each section, a scanning pass is generated to cover the section surface. To ensure amaximum coverage for each section, the surface profile is determined, and the top of the scanning window is set along the upper boundary of the surface profile. Third,combination of scanning all the sections forms a complete scan of a surface. It is shown that with the proposed method a 3-D line laser scanning process can be effectivelyautomated.
keywords	3-D Line Laser Scanning, Path Planning Method, Tool Path Planning
series	journal paper
email
last changed	2003/05/15 21:33

_id	93a8
authors	Anders, P.
year	1999
title	Envisioning Cyberspace: Designing 3D Electronic Spaces
source	McGraw-Hill, NY
summary	Free of the constraints of physical form and limited only by imagination, new environments spring to life daily in a fantastic realm called cyberspace. The creators of this new virtual world may be programmers, designers, architects, even children. In this invigorating exploration of the juncture between cyberspace and the physical world, architect Peter Anders brings together leading-edge cyberspace art and architecture ... inspiring new techniques and technologies ... unexpected unions of reality and virtuality ... and visions of challenges and opportunities as yet unexplored. More than an invitation to tour fantastic realms and examine powerful tools, this book is a hard-eyed look at cyberspace's impact on physical, cultural, and social reality, and the human-centered principles of its design. This is a book that will set designers and architects thinkingNand a work of importance to anyone fascinated with the fast-closing space between the real and the virtual.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	57b7
authors	Dijkstra, Jan and Timmermans, Harry J.P.
year	1999
title	Towards a Multi-Agent System for Network Decision Analysis
source	CAADRIA '99 [Proceedings of The Fourth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 7-5439-1233-3] Shanghai (China) 5-7 May 1999, pp. 373-382
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1999.373
summary	We introduce the outline of a multi-agent system that can be used for network decision analysis. This system is based on cellular automata and multi-agent technology. The system simulates how agents move around in a particular 3D (or 2D) environment, in which space is represented as a lattice of cells. Agents represent objects or people with their own behavior, moving over the network. We think that the system provides a potentially valuable tool to support design and decision-making processes, related to user behavior, in architecture and urban planning.
series	CAADRIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	b989
authors	Jahn, Gonzalo Vélez
year	1999
title	Realidad Virtual en Arquitectura - Actualidad y Futuro (Virtual Reality in Architecture - The Present and the Future)
source	III Congreso Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings] Montevideo (Uruguay) September 29th - October 1st 1999, pp. 79-82
summary	During recent years, developments in the area of virtual reality and its applications in architecture have undergone a number of important transformations that point out the need of an updated revision and adjustment as regards its current situation status and also that which concerns its potentialities within a foreseeable future. This paper seeks to provide an ample vision about recent developments of VR in architectural applications and, also, about its potential developments within the settings provided by such imminent phenomena as the upcoming Internet II and its future impact on the three dimensional and multisensorial qualities of the information that will move within cyberspace in the next decades. The paper also comments on experiencies underway at the Laboratory of Advanced Techniques in Design, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Universidad Central de Venezuela in collaboration with the Laboratory of Computer Graphics, School of Computing, also at UCV, Caracas. Finally, a number of considerations and conjectures are dedicated to the new field of VR multi-access worlds and its potential to virtual architectural modeling in the Intenet-WWW.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:53

_id	ga9919
id	ga9919
authors	Strehlke, Kai
year	1999
title	xWORLDS, the implementation of a three-dimensional collaborative sketch tool within the context of a third year design course
source	International Conference on Generative Art
summary	This work is the result of a postgraduate thesis done at the chair for Architecture and CAAD at the ETH in Zurich Switzerland. It proposes a prototype for a three-dimensional modelling tool in a networked environment. The work is composed of two distinct parts. (1) A modeling tool to create three-dimensional objects in an intuitive and interactive manner. (2) A database component to store and retrieve the objects. This modeller has been implemented for the first time in a design course, where students where using the modeller to sketch and interact within a large group to formulate aspects of their design. The Paper focuses on the modeller and on the experience from a one week workshop.1. Modelling Tool. The modeling tool operates in two different modes: (A). Composing cubic forms within a limited cubic space. (B). Deforming the composition of boxes by means of their interaction with a separate volume. For the composition of cubes, the user has to drag a cube with the mouse to continue placing cubes in space. Furthermore, he can move and delete the placed cubes. Simple and complex objects can be created this way, in an easy and intuitive manner. For the second mode, the forms are generated by intersecting a volume with an object created previously in the first mode. The volume can be scaled and moved. The part of the existing object located outside the volume remains unchanged, while the part that lies inside it is transformed in the same way as the volume. Complex forms can be created in this way with simple transformations. 2. Database Storage and Retrieval.The created objects can be stored in a database. Other users can access the objects stored in the database and continue working on them in the same modeling environment. There are two ways to interact with objects from the database. On one side it is possible to substitute the composition of cubes, and keep the distorted framestructure of the currently active object unchanged. On the other side it is possible to initiate a morphing process between the currently active framestructure and the framestructure of an object from the database. This process can be stopped at any time. It is always possible to switch back in the modeling modus and continue work on the object.3. Workshop at the the School of Design at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University.A Group of over 100 students were using the tool in a second year design course. The tool has been implemented as part of a workshop in the second half of the design studio. The workshop lasted for one week in which a collective dataset of over 1000 models has been created by the students. Afterwards, a possibility was given to the students to retrieve models from the database and to process them in different software packages or have them physically built by a 3D printer, and then continue working on the physical model.
series	other
more	http://www.generativeart.com/
last changed	2003/08/07 17:25

_id	bacd
authors	Abadí Abbo, Isaac
year	1999
title	APPLICATION OF SPATIAL DESIGN ABILITY IN A POSTGRADUATE COURSE
source	Full-scale Modeling and the Simulation of Light [Proceedings of the 7th European Full-scale Modeling Association Conference / ISBN 3-85437-167-5] Florence (Italy) 18-20 February 1999, pp. 75-82
summary	Spatial Design Ability (SDA) has been defined by the author (1983) as the capacity to anticipate the effects (psychological impressions) that architectural spaces or its components produce in observers or users. This concept, which requires the evaluation of spaces by the people that uses it, was proposed as a guideline to a Masters Degree Course in Architectural Design at the Universidad Autonoma de Aguascalientes in Mexico. The theory and the exercises required for the experience needed a model that could simulate spaces in terms of all the variables involved. Full-scale modeling as has been tested in previous research, offered the most effective mean to experiment with space. A simple, primitive model was designed and built: an articulated ceiling that allows variation in height and shape, and a series of wooden panels for the walls and structure. Several exercises were carried out, mainly to experience cause -effect relationships between space and the psychological impressions they produce. Students researched into spatial taxonomy, intentional sequences of space and spatial character. Results showed that students achieved the expected anticipation of space and that full-scale modeling, even with a simple model, proved to be an effective tool for this purpose. The low cost of the model and the short time it took to be built, opens an important possibility for Institutions involved in architectural studies, both as a research and as a learning tool.
keywords	Spatial Design Ability, Architectural Space, User Evaluation, Learning, Model Simulation, Real Environments
series	other
type	normal paper
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/efa
last changed	2004/05/04 11:27

_id	edf5
authors	Arnold, J.A., Teicholz, P. and Kunz, J.
year	1999
title	An approach for the interoperation of web-distributed applications with a design model
source	Automation in Construction 8 (3) (1999) pp. 291-303
summary	This paper defines the data and inference requirements for the integration of analysis applications with a product model described by a CAD/CAE application. Application input conditions often require sets of complex data that may be considered views of a product model database. We introduce a method that is compatible with the STEP and PLIB product description standards to define an intermediate model that selects, extracts, and validates views of information from a product model to serve as input for an engineering CAD/CAE application. The intermediate model framework was built and tested in a software prototype, the Internet Broker for Engineering Services (IBES). The first research case for IBES integrates applications that specify certain components, for example pumps and valves, with a CAD/CAE application. This paper therefore explores a sub-set of the general problem of integrating product data semantics between various engineering applications. The IBES integration method provides support for a general set of services that effectively assist interpretation and validate information from a product model for an engineering purpose. Such methods can enable application interoperation for the automation of typical engineering tasks, such as component specification and procurement.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:22

_id	1c5c
authors	Balmaceda, M.A., Deiana, S.M., Quiroga, G. and Toro, M.
year	1999
title	Modelo Virtual Abierto de la Ciudad de San Juan (Open Virtual Model of the City of San Juan)
source	III Congreso Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings] Montevideo (Uruguay) September 29th - October 1st 1999, pp. 470-474
summary	The purpose of the present work is to virtually rebuild the city of san juan that was completely destroyed by an earthquake in 1944. From an audiovisual, multimedial approach, it tries to be a contribution to the recovering of the collective memory. Through virtual reality techniques, a three dimensional model of the city central area has been built, as it was before the earthquake. It has been achieved a multidisciplinary, open model that sums up a great deal of information and allows: 1.) From a pedagogic approach: an opened window to new ways of knowledgement transmission, through visual virtual information. The virtual rebuilt has been reconsidered as a pedagogic and communicational tool; 2.) From a historic and morphologic approach: to obtain multiple readings and to revolution the way to manage categories in different analysis scales; 3.) In the future, the model would allow the possibility of an unlimited improvement by working in different scales. Furthermore it would allow to add information, an so to increase the research area or to go deeper into details not only in the phenomenological dimension of the objects but also in their logic significant dimension.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	64e4
authors	Boardman, Ted and Hubbell, Jeremy
year	1999
title	Inside 3D Studio Max 3 Modeling, Materials and Rendering : Modeling, Materials, and Rendering
source	New Riders Pub
summary	Inside 3D Studio MAX 3 Modeling, Materials, and Rendering is the only in-depth guide dedicated to modeling, materials, and rendering with 3D Studio MAX. You go inside the advanced modeling, texturing, and rendering features of 3D Studio MAX and learn how to use these features to get professional results. Real-world tutorials, advanced tips, and insider tricks take you beyond the basics and help you master high-end techniques. The CD-ROM is loaded with MAX and AVI files, models, materials, and textures for polishing your skills with the book's tutorials.
series	other
last changed	2003/02/26 18:58

_id	3017
authors	Carson, J. and Clark, A.
year	1999
title	Multicast Shared Virtual Worlds Using VRML 97
source	Proceedings of VRML 99 Fourth Symposium on the Virtual Reality Modeling language, The Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. New York, pp. 133-140
summary	This paper describes a system for authoring and executing shared virtual worlds within existing VRML97 viewers such as Cosmo Player. As VRML97 does not contain any direct support for the construction of virtual worlds containing multiple users extensions are presented to provide support for shared behaviours, avatars and objects that can be manipulated and carried by participants in the world; these extensions are pre-processed into standard VRML97 and Java. A system infrastructure is described which allows worlds to be authored and executed within the context of the World Wide Web and the MBone. CR Categories and Subject Descriptors: C.2.2 [Computer Communication Networks]: Network Protocols - Applications; C.2.4 [Computer Communication Networks]: Distributed Sys- tems - Distributed Applications; H.5.1 [Information Interfaces and Presentation] Multimedia Information Systems - Artificial, Aug- mented and Virtual Realities; 1.3.2 [Computer Graphics]: Graphics Systems - Distributed/network graphics: 1.3.6 [Computer Graph- ics]: Methodology and Techniques - Interaction Techniques; 1.3.7 [Computer Graphics]: Three Dimensional Graphics and Realism - Virtual Reality.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	5169
authors	Ceccato, Cristiano
year	1999
title	The Architect as Toolmaker: Computer-Based Generative Design Tools and Methods
source	CAADRIA '99 [Proceedings of The Fourth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 7-5439-1233-3] Shanghai (China) 5-7 May 1999, pp. 295-304
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1999.295
summary	The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the results of various stages of research into the development of generative design methods and tools, conducted at the Architectural Association School of Architecture (London), Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine (London), and independently. A brief introduction explains the philosophy behind generative design methods and their basic principles. A number of computer software tools and projects developed by the author are then used to illustrate the methodology, techniques and features of generative design and its organisation of information.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	69f5
authors	Chan, C., Maves, J. and Cruz-Neira, C.
year	1999
title	An Electronic Library for Teaching Architectural History
source	CAADRIA '99 [Proceedings of The Fourth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 7-5439-1233-3] Shanghai (China) 5-7 May 1999, pp. 335-344
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1999.335
summary	This research project developed an electronic library of significant buildings chosen to represent seven selected periods of Western architectural history: Egyptian (Mortuary temple of Queen Hatshepsut), Greek (Parthenon), Roman (Pantheon), Romanesque (Speyer Cathedral), Gothic (Notre Dame Cathedral), Renaissance (Tempietto), and Modern (Des Moines Art Center). All buildings were reconstructed in their original or intended forms based on plans, drawings, photographs, and historical texts. Two products were generated by this project: (1) materials to be displayed on the World Wide Web, including rendered still images for perception, movies for a visual guide, and Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) models for user navigation; and (2) virtual reality (VR) models to be displayed in the C2 (an improved version of the Cave Automatic Virtual Environment or CAVE facility). The benefits of these VR models displayed on the Web and in the C2 are their easy accessibility at any time from various geographic locations and the immersive experience that enhances viewersÌ understanding of the effects of spatial proportions on form and of colors on materials.
series	CAADRIA
more	http://archvr.design.iastate.edu/miller
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	acac
authors	Chan, Chiu-Shui, and Browning, Todd R.
year	1999
title	Design Simulation
source	CAADRIA '99 [Proceedings of The Fourth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 7-5439-1233-3] Shanghai (China) 5-7 May 1999, pp. 243-252
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1999.243
summary	This paper intends to explore methods of constructing a design simulator. Two methodologies, approached differently, imitate the human design processes. The first component is an algorithmic method which has a cognitive model embedded. This cognitive model hypothesizes that human design has certain design logic applied. The design rationales are based on knowledge stored in a designer_ memory. Each time a similar design task is encountered, the same design procedures will be repeated for completion. What makes the results different are the design information used and sequences of processing it. A kitchen design using procedural algorithms is developed to simulate this design aspect. The second component simulates an intuitive design approach. Intuition is defined as design by rules of thumb, or heuristic design. This study investigated how to simulate an intuitive design process. The method involves building up a set of inductive rules symbolizing cultural aspects that need to be addressed in a design. A residential foyer design is the simulation task. The driving force is the heuristics. Results in this study have shown that there are many variables to include but impossible to capture and simulate any of the design processes, which are the reasons why studies in this area are difficult.
series	CAADRIA
email
more	http://www.public.iastate.edu/~cschan
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

For more results click below: