CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Hits 1 to 20 of 23

_id ab92
authors Pal, S.K. and Mitra, S.
year 1999
title Neuro-Fuzzy Pattern Recognition
source John Wiley & Sons, New York
summary Neural networks and fuzzy techniques are among the most promising approaches to pattern recognition. Neuro-fuzzy systems aim at combining the advantages of the two paradigms. This book is a collection of papers describing state-of-the-art work in this emerging field. It covers topics such as feature selection, classification, classifier training, and clustering. Also included are applications of neuro-fuzzy systems in speech recognition, land mine detection, medical image analysis, and autonomous vehicle control. The intended audience includes graduate students in computer science and related fields, as well as researchers at academic institutions and in industry.
series other
last changed 2003/04/23 15:14

_id b070
authors Yu, W. and Skibniewski, M.J.
year 1999
title Quantitative constructability analysis with a neuro-fuzzy knowledge-based multi-criterion decision support system
source Automation in Construction 8 (5) (1999) pp. 553-565
summary This paper presents a multi-criterion decision model for quantitative constructability analysis based on a neuro-fuzzy knowledge-based system. The traditional constructability definition is modified so that constructability can be quantified, measured, and improved. A multi-layer information aggregation network is proposed to incorporate the manager's subjective preference information. The constructor's technology management policy can be reflected in the constructability evaluation process based on technology implementation preferences. A systematic approach to constructability problem detection and constructability improvement is developed to improve technology performance. Two examples of constructability analyses for alternative concrete formwork technologies are given to demonstrate the functions of the proposed methodology.
series journal paper
more http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed 2003/05/15 21:23

_id 5b5a
authors Yu, W. and Skibniewski, M.J.
year 1999
title A neuro-fuzzy computational approach to constructability knowledge acquisition for construction technology evaluation
source Automation in Construction 8 (5) (1999) pp. 539-552
summary This paper describes a methodology for constructability knowledge acquisition of construction technologies. The methodology combines a neuro-fuzzy network-based approach with genetic algorithms. The combination of fuzzy logic with learning abilities of neural networks and genetic algorithms may allow for automatic acquisition of constructability knowledge from training examples and for providing understandable explanations for the reasoning process. The proposed methodology can provide a mechanism to trace back factors causing unsatisfactory construction performance and the necessary feedback to construction engineers for technology innovation. An application example is provided to demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed methodology.
series journal paper
more http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed 2003/05/15 21:23

_id 5840
authors Sato, I., Sato, Y. and Ikeuchi, K.
year 1999
title Illumination distribution from brightness in shadows: adaptive estimation of illumination distribution with unknown reflectance properties in shadow regions
source Proceedings IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 99, pp. 875-882, September 1999
summary This paper describes a new method for estimating the illumination distribution of a real scene from a radiance distribution inside shadows cast by an object in the scene. First, the illumination distribution of the scene is approximated by discrete sampling of an extended light source. Then the illumination distribution of the scene is estimated from a radiance distribution inside shadows cast by an object of known shape onto another object in the scene. Instead of assuming any particular reflectance properties of the surface inside the shadows, both the illumination distribution of the scene and the reflectance properties of the surface are estimated simultaneously, based on iterative optimization framework. In addition, this paper introduces an adaptive sampling of the illumination distribution of a scene. Rather than using a uniform discretization of the overall illumination distribution, we adaptively increase sampling directions of the illumination distribution based on the estimation at the previous iteration. Using the adaptive sampling framework, we are able to estimate overall illumination more efficiently by using fewer sampling directions. The proposed method is effective for estimating an illumination distribution even under a complex illumination environment.
series other
last changed 2003/04/23 15:50

_id caadria2006_633
id caadria2006_633
authors WAN-YU LIU
year 2006
title THE EMERGING DIGITAL STYLE: Attention shift in architectural style recognition
source CAADRIA 2006 [Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Kumamoto (Japan) March 30th - April 2nd 2006, 633-635
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2006.x.g4f
summary “Style” has long been an important index to observe the design thinking of designers in architecture. Gombrich (1968) defined style as a particular selection from the alternatives when doing things; Ackerman (1963) considered that a distiguishable ensemble of certain characteristics we call a style; Schapiro (1961) pointed out that style is constant forms, and sometimes the constant elements, qualities and expression; Kirsch (1998), Cha and Gero (1999) thought of style as a form element and shape pattern. As Simon and others referred to, style emerged from the process of problem solving, Chan (1994, 2001) ever devised a serious of experiments to set up the operational definitions of style, further five factors that relate to generating styles. Owing to that the greater part of sketches and drawings in the design process couldn’t be replaced by computer-aided design systems (Eisentraut, 1997), designers must shift between different problem-solving methods while facing different design problems. The purpose in this research is to discuss the influences of computer usage on style generation and style recognition: The employment of certain procedural factors that occurred in the design processes that using conventional media is different from the ones that using computer media? Do personal styles emerge while designers shifting between different media in the design processes? Does any unusual phenomenon emerge while accustomed CAD-systems designers recognizing a style?
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:49

_id ga9907
id ga9907
authors Ciao, Quinsan
year 1999
title Breeds of Artificial Design: Design Thinking in Computing Creation
source International Conference on Generative Art
summary There are many different paradigms or breeds of artificial design schemes. They each address artificial design from a different perspective. For instance, design by optimization emphasizes the iterative "trial-and-error" process of alternating generation and evaluation. Design by argumentation addresses the need of objectifying and communicating design thinking. Design by rues attempts to summary design knowledge into recipes. Design by simulation and electronic media offers a forum for design trial evaluation. Case-based design emphasizes experience-based design thinking. Fuzzy reasoning system provides a computing media to model and execute design reasoning. Although different, all of these paradigms are related and complement each other. Unification or collaboration of these different paradigms may lie ahead of future research and practice of artificial design.
series other
more http://www.generativeart.com/
last changed 2003/08/07 17:25

_id 6e38
authors Hanna, A.S. and Lotfallah, W.B.
year 1999
title A fuzzy logic approach to the selection of cranes
source Automation in Construction 8 (5) (1999) pp. 597-608
summary This paper presents a fuzzy logic approach to select the best crane type in a construction project from the main crane types, namely, mobile, tower and derrick cranes. Each factor of the project is classified as being dynamic or static according to whether the factor does or does not depend on the particular project. Linguistic information about the suitability of each crane type with respect to each factor of the project is translated into either fuzzy sets (for static factors) or fuzzy if–then rules (for dynamic factors). The fuzzy rules are then aggregated into a fuzzy relation between the space of factor property and the space of crane efficiency. In a particular project the experts describe the property as well as the relative importance of each factor. The rules are then fired using the max–min extension principle, and the resulting efficiencies are aggregated with their importance weights. The process identifies the best crane as the one with the highest expected overall efficiency.
series journal paper
more http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed 2003/05/15 21:22

_id d39e
authors Holicky, M.
year 1999
title Fuzzy probabilistic optimisation of building performance
source Automation in Construction 8 (4) (1999) pp. 437-443
summary Fundamental performance criteria between action effects and relevant performance requirements for serviceability, safety, comfort and functionality are analyzed, assuming randomness of the effect action and both randomness and fuzziness of performance requirements. Randomness due to natural variability of basic variables is handled by commonly used probability theory methods, fuzziness due to vague or imprecise definitions of performance requirements is described by basic tools of the recently developed theory of fuzzy sets. Both types of uncertainties are combined in newly defined fuzzy probabilistic measures of building performance, damage function and fuzzy probability of performance failure, which are then analysed and applied similarly as conventional probabilistic quantities. An illustrative example of optimization of vibration constraints for building structures due to occupancy comfort indicates that commonly considered limiting values for acceleration may be uneconomical. However, theoretical models used to describe fuzzy probabilistic properties of performance requirements need to be reexamined using adequate experimental data.
series journal paper
more http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed 2003/05/15 21:22

_id 5f96
authors Qin, S.F., Jordanov, I.N. and Wright, D.K.
year 1999
title Freehand drawing system using a fuzzy logic concept
source Computer-Aided Design, Vol. 31 (5) (1999) pp. 359-360
summary In their paper, Chen and Xie report on the development of a pen-based Fuzzy Freehand Drawing System (FFDS). A Liming multiplier is used in their FFDS to reconstruct ellipses from scattered data.
series journal paper
last changed 2003/05/15 10:56

_id 3e4c
authors Xiao, Litian and Hao, Xueying
year 1999
title A Knowledge Base System in the Residential Intelligent CAD System
source CAADRIA '99 [Proceedings of The Fourth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 7-5439-1233-3] Shanghai (China) 5-7 May 1999, pp. 161-170
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1999.161
summary The paper discusses the construction of knowledge-base system in a residential intelligent CAD system (RICAD). It introduces the main parts of residential architecture knowledge-base, the division and management of residential architecture knowledge, the classification of rules, the inference engine and the control strategy, and the fuzzy processing method. RICAD can produce the residential construction drawings under the bounded conditions given by the user. The paper also discusses some reality models and algorithm. These are effective in the practice.
keywords Knowledge Base, Intelligent CAD, Residential Design, Architectural Construction Drawings
series CAADRIA
last changed 2022/06/07 07:57

_id ga9925
id ga9925
authors Ambrosini, L., Longatti, M. and Miyajima, H.
year 1999
title Time sections, abstract machines
source International Conference on Generative Art
summary conditions a time-spatial discontinuity in the urban grid, ancient walls casually discovered in a substrate of the contemporary town needs a surplus of information to be understood and interfaced with their current condition. diagrams diverse chronological stages of the urban evolution are mapped on the area, in order to read the historical stratifications as a multiplicity of signs; this abstract approach leads to consider the roman space as guided by metrics, a system of measure superimposed on the landscape, vs. medioeval spatial continuity, where more fluid relations between the same urban elements create a completely different pattern.assemblage (time sections) a surface, automatically displaced from the medioeval diagram, moves along the z axis, the historical stratification direction, intersecting in various, unpredictable, manners a series of paths; these paths start as parallels, allowing an undifferentiated access to the area, and mutate along their developing direction, intertweening and blending each other; linear openings are cut on the surface, virtually connecting the two levels by light, following the roman grid in rhythm and measure. Projected on the lateral wall, the cadence of the vertical and horizontal elements becomes a temporal diagram of the design process.movement time takes part into the process through two kinds of movement: the first one, freezed when reaches the best results, in terms of complexity, is given by the surface intersecting the tubular paths; the second one is represented by multiple routes walking on which the project can be experienced (in absence of any objective, fixed, point of view, movement becomes the only way to understand relations). Thresholds between typical architectural categories (such as inside-outside, object-landscape etc.) are blurred in favour of a more supple condition, another kind of continuity (re)appears, as a new media, between the different historical layers of the city.
series other
more http://www.generativeart.com/
last changed 2003/08/07 17:25

_id 0f1e
authors Barrionuevo, Luis F.
year 1999
title Posicionamiento de Volúmenes Arquitectónicos Mediante Algoritmos Evolucionistas (Positioning of Architectural Volumes by Means of Evolutionist Algorithms)
source III Congreso Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings] Montevideo (Uruguay) September 29th - October 1st 1999, pp. 176-181
summary Configurational studies involve the groups of elements fulfilling restrictions defined by the designer in Architectural design. According to its necessities and intentions, the planner distributes the components of the group in a certain tridimensional way, establishing a composition. This operative procedure implies a classification system according to typologies that respond to a bigger system, and this in turn to another, until the whole is obtained. From the beginning the pattern should satisfy form restrictions, as well as dimensional and positional restrictions for each part that conforms the whole. Functional requirements are attended for each object satisfying relationships of connectivity and adjacency among them. In this work the parts are restricted by their relative position to a central element. Evolutionary Algorithms (EA) are used to solve this type of problem. Using evolutionary metaphors they originate concepts such as "genes", "chromosomes", "mutation", "crosses” and " population " (among other), which come closer to one of the solutions looked for by the designer, under combinatory stochastic methods. The most appropriate use of EA corresponds to problems of complexity NP-completeness (for example, problems of generation of cases of composition), allowing an efficient although not exhaustive analysis. Applying this technique to the generation of architectural volumes, some obtained results are exemplified.
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id 2570
authors Barrón, Alicia and Chiarelli, Julia
year 1999
title Problemática de las Modelizaciones (The Issue of Modeling)
source III Congreso Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings] Montevideo (Uruguay) September 29th - October 1st 1999, pp. 182-185
summary The modelization of an architectural fact, generated through a CAD program, doesn't have only the purpose of generating a virtual electronic, but a constructive scale model of geometric nature. It also implies, a conceptualization level and a posture in front of the pattern that makes thinking in other fields besides the formally constructive, such as: the descriptive and geometric patterns, the communicational and the symbolic pattern. We should understand the way the constructive thought is done the message of the model, either for the relationship with the environment and with the human scale, depends not only upon the author, but his elections will be intrinsically related with his cultural baggage, besides its geometric, graphical and technicians data. These databases condition the result of the model, for this reason we analyzed these relationships looking for a good handling of the cultural codes, to achieve a complete communication of the model. In these moments of the "global village", we should consider this problematic as a visceral topic of the architectural representation, to achieve an effective communication, among different cultures, of the models represented.
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id ab9c
authors Kvan, Thomas and Kvan, Erik
year 1999
title Is Design Really Social
source International Journal of Virtual Reality, 4:1
summary There are many who will readily agree with Mitchell's assertion that "the most interesting new directions (for computer-aided design) are suggested by the growing convergence of computation and telecommunication. This allows us to treat designing not just as a technical process... but also as a social process." [Mitchell 1995]. The assumption is that design was a social process until users of computer-aided design systems were distracted into treating it as a merely technical process. Most readers will assume that this convergence must and will lead to increased communication between design participants, that better social interaction leads to be better design. The unspoken assumption appears to be that putting the participants into an environment with maximal communication channels will result in design collaboration. The tools provided, therefore, must permit the best communication and the best social interaction. We see a danger here, a pattern being repeated which may lead us into less than useful activities. As with several (popular) architectural design or modelling systems already available, however, computer system implementations all too often are poor imitations manual systems. For example, few in the field will argue with the statement that the storage of data in layers in a computer-aided drafting system is an dispensable approach. Layers derive from manual overlay drafting technology [Stitt 1984] which was regarded as an advanced (manual) production concept at the time many software engineers were specifying CAD software designs. Early implementations of CAD systems (such as RUCAPS, GDS, Computervision) avoided such data organisation, the software engineers recognising that object-based structures are more flexible, permitting greater control of data editing and display. Layer-based systems, however, are easier to implement in software, more familiar to the user and hence easier to explain, initially easier to use but more limiting for an experienced and thoughtful user, leading in the end to a lesser quality in resultant drawings and significant problems in output control (see Richens [1990], pp. 31-40 for a detailed analysis of such features and constraints). Here then we see the design for architectural software faithfully but inappropriately following manual methods. So too is there a danger of assuming that the best social interaction is that done face-to-face, therefore all collaborative design communications environments must mimic face-to-face.
series journal paper
email
last changed 2003/05/15 10:29

_id d438
authors Moloney, Jules
year 1999
title Charcoal, Bits and Balsa: Cross Media Tactics in the Foundation Design Studio
source Architectural Computing from Turing to 2000 [eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-5-7] Liverpool (UK) 15-17 September 1999, pp. 110-115
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1999.110
summary This paper investigates the space between the computer and traditional design media. The focus is the identification of strategies for extending creativity in the foundation year design studio via tactics of cross media working. The integration of computers into the design studio are described within a particular drawing culture at the University of Auckland. Creativity is related to a pedagogy of 'pattern' developed by M. Linzey. The cross media tactics are based on practical adaptation of the advantages of computing to the context of the foundation design studio (12 weeks / 80 students / 24 computers)
keywords Education, Media, Studio, Creativity
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:58

_id 2874
authors Pan, Yunhe
year 1999
title Dunhuang Art Cave Virtual Rebuilding and Navigation: Applying Multimedia, Intelligence and Design Technologies in Dunhuang Arts
source CAADRIA '99 [Proceedings of The Fourth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 7-5439-1233-3] Shanghai (China) 5-7 May 1999, pp. 1-20
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1999.001
summary Dunhuang Art Cave is confronted with the serious influence of natural forces. Integrating Multimedia, Artificial intelligence and CAD, we can virtually preserve and reproduce the original cave architecture, painting sculptures and murals. This paper first introduce the main ideas of Dunhuang cave virtual rebuilding, cave virtual navigating, mural color restoring as well as Dunhuang-style pattern designing, and then analyzes in detail their technical issues and show results of prototype systems. In the end, we give a brief summary.
series CAADRIA
last changed 2022/06/07 08:00

_id 36ad
authors Serrentino, Roberto Hugo and Borsetti, Ricardo Enrique
year 1999
title Las Teselas de Penrose como generadoras de Agrupamientos de Formas Arquitectónicas Regulares (The "Teselas de Penrose" as Generators of Groups of Regular Architectural Forms)
source III Congreso Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings] Montevideo (Uruguay) September 29th - October 1st 1999, pp. 161-164
summary Considering plane tessellation as a creative trigger that contributes to modular form design, a procedure to group 2D shapes and architectural 3D forms is developed. The particular case studied in this article is about Penrose tilings, which tessellate no-periodically, admitting a covering of the plane without using a constant distance repetition pattern. Procedures and rules for geometric generation and fractalization are analyzed. A technique to generate aperiodic tilings is proposed, so they will be used as a geometric precise support for the insertion of architectural objects that follow predetermined dimensional patterns, looking for constructive standardization without restricting diversity of cases. Using digital techniques, linear and central structures of groupings are analyzed. Both typologies are exemplified in various abstraction levels.
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 10:00

_id d59a
authors Zarnowiecka, Jadwiga C.
year 1999
title AI and Regional Architecture
source Architectural Computing from Turing to 2000 [eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-5-7] Liverpool (UK) 15-17 September 1999, pp. 584-588
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1999.584
summary In 1976 Richard Foqué established periods in the development of methods of designing. The first stage (the 50's and early 60's) - automatization of the designing process - properly identified language of description that is understood by a machine is vital. Christopher Alexander publishes 'Pattern Language'. The second stage (late 60's) - the use of the Arts - research techniques as interview, questionnaire, active observation; ergonomic aspects are also taken into consideration. The third stage (starts at the turn of the 60's and 70's) - co-participation of all of the parties involved in the designing process, and especially the user. The designing process becomes more complex but at the same time more intelligible to a non-professional - Alexander's 'Pattern Language' returns. It's been over 20 years now since the publication of this work. In the mid 70's prototypes of integrate building description are created. We are dealing now with the next stage of the designing methods development. Unquestionable progress of computer optimalization of technical and economical solutions has taken place. It's being forecasted that the next stage would be using computer as a simulator of the designing process. This stage may be combined with the development of AI. (Already in 1950 Alan Turing had formulated the theoretical grounds of Artificial Intelligence.) Can the development of the AI have the influence on the creation of present time regional architecture? Hereby I risk a conclusion that the development of AI can contribute to the creation of modern regional architecture.
keywords Design Process, Artificial Intelligence, Regional Architecture
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:57

_id 2c1d
authors Castañé, D., Tessier, C., Álvarez, J. and Deho, C.
year 1999
title Patterns for Volumetric Recognition - Guidelines for the Creation of 3D-Models
source III Congreso Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings] Montevideo (Uruguay) September 29th - October 1st 1999, pp. 171-175
summary This piece proposes new strategies and pedagogic methodologies applied to the recognition and study of the subjacent measurements of the architectural projects to be created. This proposal is the product of pedagogic experience, which stems from this instructional team of the department of tri-dimensional models of electronic models. This program constitutes an elective track for the architectural major at the college of architecture, design, and urbanism of the University of Buenos Aires and housed at the CAO center. One of the requirements that the students must complete, after doing research and analytical experimentation through the knowledge that they acquired through this course, is to practice the attained skills through exercises proposed by the department in this case, the student would be required to virtually rebuild a paradigmatic architectonic piece of several sample architects. Usually at this point, students experience some difficulties when they analyze the existing documents on the plants, views, picture, details, texts, etc., That they have obtained from magazines, books, and other sources. Afterwards, when they digitally begin to generate basic measurements of the architectural work to be modeled, they realize that there are great limitations in the comprehension of the tri-dimensional understanding of the work. This issue has brought us to investigate and develop proposals of volumetric understanding of patterns through examples of work already analyzed and digitalized tri-dimensionally in the department. Through a careful study of the existent documentation for that particular work, it is evaluated which would be the paths and basis to adopt through utilizing alternative technologies to arrive at a clear reconstruction of the projected architectural work, the study gets completed by implementing the proposal at the internet site http://www.datarq.fadu.uba.ar/catedra/dorcas
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:48

_id 5f9c
authors Castello, Regina
year 1999
title GIS and the Investigation of the Environmental Heritage
source III Congreso Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings] Montevideo (Uruguay) September 29th - October 1st 1999, pp. 219-224
summary This paper presents an investigation on the architectural, natural, and cultural resources in the southern part of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, according to their historical or environmental value, identifying natural and cultural elements known and valued by local communities, regardless their experts’ classification. Resources are identified by means of geographical information systems, combined with field information. The area comprises the coastal strip and the plains located in the last frontier of the Brazilian territory and the water system dominated by the lakes Patos, Mangueira and Mirim. The inventory of the environmental, sociocultural and economic heritage provides the necessary insight for issuing new development alternatives based on local resources. Research activities will include: the ellaboration of general and thematic maps, based on LANDSAT 5 [bands 3, 4 and 5] images; aerial photographs; DSG/SGE and municipal maps [scales 1:250.000, 1:50.000 and 1:25.000]; field work for the recognition of remarkable elements; interviews with residents for assessing their perception of local values; and community and institutional statements. These informations, comprising the elements valued by their architectural and urban quality, historical relevance and environmental significance, organised in a database, will provide contextual guidelines for the planning of a tourist route. This route, delineated by the preservation, recovery and use of representative local resources, valued as expressions of a native culture, evocates the initial occupation of the gaúcho territory, and may be touristically promoted as "The Gaúcho’s Way". The project also aims at showing the potential offered by GIS for identifying and evaluating specific spatial characteristics.
keywords Environmental Planning, Historical Preservation
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:48

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