Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	9aaf
authors	Burrow, Andrew and Woodbury, Robert
year	1999
title	Pi-Resolution in Design Space Exploration
source	Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures [ISBN 0-7923-8536-5] Atlanta, 7-8 June 1999, pp. 291-308
summary	In studying the phenomenon of design we use models to envision mechanisms by which computers might support design. In one such model we understand design as guided movement through a space of possibilities. Design space explorers embody this model as mixed-initiative environments in which designers engage in exploration via human computer interaction. Constraint resolution provides a formal framework for interaction in design space explorers. Rather than directly providing solutions to design problems, constraint resolution provides a mechanism for organizing construction. Therefore, we are less interested in the set of solutions to a constraint problem than the process by which intermediate steps are generated. Pi-resolution is one such mechanism applicable to design space explorers. It describes the solution, by recursive enumeration, of feature structure type constraints. During pi-resolution, satisfiers are constructed by the application of type constraints drawn from an inheritance hierarchy. This constructive process provides a strong model for design space exploration. The constraint solver does not do the work of the designer, but rather design efforts are situated in, and organized by, constraint resolution. Therefore, the efficiency of the recursive enumeration in finding solutions is not an issue, since non-determinism in the search is resolved by the human user as design space exploration.
keywords	Design Space Explorers, Typed Feature Structures, Functional Decomposition, Mixed Initiative
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2006/11/07 07:22

_id	93a8
authors	Anders, P.
year	1999
title	Envisioning Cyberspace: Designing 3D Electronic Spaces
source	McGraw-Hill, NY
summary	Free of the constraints of physical form and limited only by imagination, new environments spring to life daily in a fantastic realm called cyberspace. The creators of this new virtual world may be programmers, designers, architects, even children. In this invigorating exploration of the juncture between cyberspace and the physical world, architect Peter Anders brings together leading-edge cyberspace art and architecture ... inspiring new techniques and technologies ... unexpected unions of reality and virtuality ... and visions of challenges and opportunities as yet unexplored. More than an invitation to tour fantastic realms and examine powerful tools, this book is a hard-eyed look at cyberspace's impact on physical, cultural, and social reality, and the human-centered principles of its design. This is a book that will set designers and architects thinkingNand a work of importance to anyone fascinated with the fast-closing space between the real and the virtual.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	2c4a
authors	Aroztegui, Carmen
year	1999
title	The Architect's Use of the Internet - Study of the Architectural Presentation Possibilities
source	III Congreso Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings] Montevideo (Uruguay) September 29th - October 1st 1999, pp. 363-368
summary	The Internet media is opening new horizons in communication and representation in architecture. However, its use today is superficial, limited, and without creativity. This study will explore theories, methods and examples of how the virtual space of the Internet can be used in its full potential. That means to present ways of observing, understanding, interacting, and communicating the space without precedents in architecture. The existent presentations made by architects in the Internet are in general poor and static. Through the comparative analysis of two presentations of the same architectural space in the Internet and the use of state of the art technology in the Internet, this study will show innovations that will make the exploration of the architectural space more attractive, dynamic and interactive. The main issues will be on one hand, the improvement in the communication of the design through the use of the Internet, and on the other hand, the rise of the standards in the quality of the architectural presentations. This work will project possible implications of the Internet in architecture.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	da88
authors	Chang, Teng-Wen
year	1999
title	Geometric typed feature structures : toward design space exploration
source	University of Adelaide, School of Architecture
summary	Demonstrates the significance and usefulness of representation in geometry by generating various floor design layouts for a typical Australian house, a single fronted cottage and the building enclosures
keywords	Domestic Australia Designs and Plans; Mathematics; Combinatorial Designs and Configurations
series	thesis:PhD
email
last changed	2003/02/12 22:37

_id	ga9916
id	ga9916
authors	Elzenga, R. Neal and Pontecorvo, Michael S.
year	1999
title	Arties: Meta-Design as Evolving Colonies of Artistic Agents
source	International Conference on Generative Art
summary	Meta-design, the act of designing a system or species of design instead of a design instance, is an important concept in modern design practice and in the generative design paradigm. For meta-design to be a useful tool, the designer must have more formal support for both design species definition/expression and the abstract attributes which the designer is attempting to embody within a design. Arties is an exploration of one possible avenue for supporting meta-design. Arties is an artistic system emphasizing the co-evolution of colonies of Artificial Life design or artistic agents (called arties) and the environment they inhabit. Generative design systems have concentrated on biological genetics metaphors where a population of design instances are evolved directly from a set of ‘parent’ designs in a succession of generations. In Arties, the a-life agent which is evolved, produces the design instance as a byproduct of interacting with its environment. Arties utilize an attraction potential curve as their primary dynamic. They sense the relative attraction of entities in their environment, using multiple sensory channels. Arties then associate an attractiveness score to each entity. This attractiveness score is combined with a 'taste' function built into the artie that is sensitized to that observation channel, entity, and distance by a transfer function. Arties use this attraction to guide decisions and behaviors. A community of arties, with independent evolving attraction criteria can pass collective judgement on each point in an art space. As the Artie moves within this space it modifies the environment in reaction to what it senses. Arties support for Meta-design is in (A) the process of evolving arties, breeding their attraction potential curve parameters using a genetic algorithm and (B) their use of sensory channels to support abstract attributes geometries. Adjustment of these parameters tunes the attraction of the artie along various sensing channels. The multi-agent co-evolution of Arties is one approach to creating a system for supporting meta-design. Arties is part of an on-going exploration of how to support meta-design in computer augmented design systems. Our future work with Arties-like systems will be concerned with applications in areas such as modeling adaptive directives in Architecture, Object Structure Design, spatio-temporal behaviors design (for games and simulations), virtual ambient spaces, and representation and computation of abstract design attributes.
series	other
more	http://www.generativeart.com/
last changed	2003/08/07 17:25

_id	a38c
authors	Emdanat, S., Vakalo, E.G. and Birmingham, W.
year	1999
title	Solving Form-Making Problems Using Shape Algebras and Constraint Satisfaction
source	Architectural Computing from Turing to 2000 [eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-5-7] Liverpool (UK) 15-17 September 1999, pp. 620-625
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1999.620
summary	Shape grammars are well known approaches in design space exploration. This paper reviews the current work on shape grammars in design and suggests that considerable gains can be attained by integrating parametric shape grammar based design approaches with distributed constraint-based problem solving. Parametric grammars are represent design topologies while distributed constrain satisfaction can be used to maintain consistency and produce the space of feasible design solutions. Designers' decision making can be coordinated such that constraints cannot be violated and designs that exhibit the highest utility (value) are selected.
keywords	Shape Grammar, Shape Algebra, Constraint Satisfaction
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	0eae
authors	Gero, J.S. and Kazakov, V.
year	1999
title	Using analogy to extend the behaviour state space in creative design
source	J.S. Gero and M.L. Maher (Eds.), Computational Models of Creative Design IV, Key Centre of Design Computing and Cognition, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, pp. 113-143
summary	We propose an exploration model of design based on the extension of the space of design behaviours using analogy. The analogy is drawn on the basis of structure similarity or structure and behaviour similarity between source and target designs. New behaviours are introduced from the source design. This paper describes such a process and discusses its significance for creative design.
keywords	Creative Design, Behaviour Analogy
series	other
email
last changed	2003/04/06 09:15

_id	7ad1
authors	Giordano, Rubén F. and Tosello, María Elena
year	1999
title	Laberinto: Una Biblioteca para la Virtualidad. Reflexiones y Acontecimientos en el Cyberespacio (Labyrinth: A Library for Virtuality. Reflections and Events in Cyberspace)
source	III Congreso Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings] Montevideo (Uruguay) September 29th - October 1st 1999, pp. 83-86
summary	This project investigates in the limits of the word like only means of structuring of the thought, before the appearance of new paradigms: the multimedias and the ciber-space that have transformed so much the language written as the architectural one causing unpublished situations: 1.) The transformation of a concrete container to other virtual. 2.) The transformation of the design object, of one static material to another that is a process. 3.) The transformation in the traditional ways of thinking (reversible as the formal logic of the mathematics) to new imaginarys epistemologicals. // These non alone events have caused changes in the forms of to know and to communicate the reality but rather the same one suffers a dilation process. We present for their exploration, a road synthesized in some hypotheses that were elaborated with reason of the International Competition of ACADIA 1998: 1.) The new communication systems (cibercomunication) they generate a new territory that should be colonized. This territory this conformed by objects related by infinite bonds (hipertext). 2.) The topographical form is not lineal and sequential, this it is multidirectional and multiradial. The phenomenon of the blow-up and the dilation are the mechanisms with those that the new objects are generated. 3.) These related fields generate interstitial empty spaces where it appears the desire. The interstice like existential space.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	4ae4
authors	Kvan, Th., Yip, A. and Vera, A.
year	1999
title	Supporting Design Studio Learning: An investigation into design communication in computer-supported collaboration
source	CSCL’99, Stanford, December 1999, pp. 328-332
summary	Earlier studies suggest that benefits may be found in chat line communication rather than high bandwidth video-conferencing conditions when considering collaborative design learning. This paper draws together studies that look at this conjecture and concludes that chat line collaboration reduces fixation in problem space exploration. This encourages the participants to explore design opportunities in a different way than graphical or video based communication.
keywords	Design Learning; Collaborative Design; Text Communication; Architectural Design
series	other
email
last changed	2002/11/15 18:29

_id	ga0009
id	ga0009
authors	Lewis, Matthew
year	2000
title	Aesthetic Evolutionary Design with Data Flow Networks
source	International Conference on Generative Art
summary	For a little over a decade, software has been created which allows for the design of visual content by aesthetic evolutionary design (AED) [3]. The great majority of these AED systems involve custom software intended for breeding entities within one fairly narrow problem domain, e.g., certain classes of buildings, cars, images, etc. [5]. Only a very few generic AED systems have been attempted, and extending them to a new design problem domain can require a significant amount of custom software development [6][8]. High end computer graphics software packages have in recent years become sufficiently robust to allow for flexible specification and construction of high level procedural models. These packages also provide extensibility, allowing for the creation of new software tools. One component of these systems which enables rapid development of new generative models and tools is the visual data flow network [1][2][7]. One of the first CG packages to employ this paradigm was Houdini. A system constructed within Houdini which allows for very fast generic specification of evolvable parametric prototypes is described [4]. The real-time nature of the software, when combined with the interlocking data networks, allows not only for vertical ancestor/child populations within the design space to be explored, but also allows for fast "horizontal" exploration of the potential population surface. Several example problem domains will be presented and discussed. References: [1] Alias \| Wavefront. Maya. 2000, http://www.aliaswavefront.com [2] Avid. SOFTIMAGE. 2000, http://www.softimage.com [3] Bentley, Peter J. Evolutionary Design by Computers. Morgan Kaufmann, 1999. [4] Lewis, Matthew. "Metavolve Home Page". 2000, http://www.cgrg.ohio-state.edu/~mlewis/AED/Metavolve/ [5] Lewis, Matthew. "Visual Aesthetic Evolutionary Design Links". 2000, http://www.cgrg.ohio-state.edu/~mlewis/aed.html [6] Rowley, Timothy. "A Toolkit for Visual Genetic Programming". Technical Report GCG-74, The Geometry Center, University of Minnesota, 1994. [7] Side Effects Software. Houdini. 2000, http://www.sidefx.com [8] Todd, Stephen and William Latham. "The Mutation and Growth of Art by Computers" in Evolutionary Design by Computers, Peter Bentley ed., pp. 221-250, Chapter 9, Morgan Kaufmann, 1999.
series	other
email
more	http://www.generativeart.com/
last changed	2003/08/07 17:25

_id	ee8a
authors	Porrúa, Marina and Rueda, Marta
year	1999
title	Innovación Didáctica. Digitalización de un ejercicio práctico cuya problemática central es la organización de la forma en el espacio bidimensional y la introducción al diseño textil (Didactic Innovation. Digitalization of a practical exercises whose Central Issue is the Organization of Form in Bidimensional Space and the Introduction to the Textile Design)
source	III Congreso Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings] Montevideo (Uruguay) September 29th - October 1st 1999, pp. 285-288
summary	The projectual disciplines must respond with some grade of originality to a approached problem. In order to products of design be creative must be implemented a creative process of design and also from the teaching. The essence of creativity are the variations over a subject. A pedagogic way for this, is the one to recognise, individualise and represent the problem attributes, building upon them an "exploration space", to analyse and create new combinatorial alternatives or restructuring of the problem. The digital media incorporation as a new proyectual environment approaches the interactivity not only of the combinatorial variables, but, also to the hypermedia's. Both the digital documents, as the creative process, have a "no linear" or a "net" structure, that allows the construction of a himself way, self-managemented into this structure. The interactivity makes possible to work, as the divergent thought does, in a "polydirectional" field, that stimulates the fluency, the flexibility and the originality. The new- media's, used as didactic tool, open to "action", allow the students to convert them in "co- author", together professors, about themself learning process. >From this educational conception and its potential enrichment with the hypermedia, we are designing a project of digitising of an exercise to our didactic proposal and its later application into the course with our students.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:57

_id	cdc8
authors	Shea, K. and Cagan, J.
year	1999
title	The design of novel roof trusses with shape annealing: assessing the ability of a computational method in aiding structural designers with varying design intent
source	Design Studies 20 (1) (1999) pp. 3-23
summary	A study of roof truss designs conceived by architects and civil engineers as well as those generated with shape annealing, a computational design method for structural configuration, is presented. The purpose of this study is to assess the capabilities of shape annealing in (1) meeting the needs of designers with varying intent, and (2) presenting spatially intriguing, yet functional, structures that expand the range of designs considered in the conceptual design stage. An advantage of shape annealing for conceptual design is unbiased, directed exploration of the design space. The conclusion of this study is that shape annealing generates alternatives that appeal to designers with different purposes while providing insight into relations between structural form and function.
series	journal paper
last changed	2003/05/15 21:45

_id	b5a1
authors	Snijder, H.P.S. and Daru, R.
year	1999
title	Representing Floorplans for Interactive Evolutionary Design
source	AVOCAAD Second International Conference [AVOCAAD Conference Proceedings / ISBN 90-76101-02-07] Brussels (Belgium) 8-10 April 1999, pp. 343-346
summary	Computer tools that provide support in the early explorative phase of architectural design are rare. In order to explore the solution space of a design problem, architects in general rely on the use of paper and pencil. We are developing a system which will assist the designer in the exploration of a particular design problem, focusing initially on 2D floorplans. The format chosen for this system is one in which the computer, in interaction with the designer, "evolves" designs. A major obstacle associated with the use of an evolutionary approach is the adequate representation of a floorplan in a genome. We propose a tree-structure in which the nodes represent organising-principles that dictate how the leaves attached to it are organised. Figure 1 shows an example of a tree with four levels; the terminal nodes represent the elements to be placed. The first level no only represents an organising-principle, but also a contour; this contour is either fixed (e.g. dictated by the environment) or free to evolve. On either side of the tree-structure two interpretations of this tree are shown.
series	AVOCAAD
last changed	2005/09/09 10:48

_id	6800
authors	Stellingwerff, Martijn
year	1999
title	SketchBoX
source	Architectural Computing from Turing to 2000 [eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-5-7] Liverpool (UK) 15-17 September 1999, pp. 491-497
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1999.491
summary	Most Computer Aided Architectural Design software suits the engineered aspects of design quite well but is lacking as a design medium. As far as sketching is concerned, many architects still rely on traditional media such as pen and paper and scale models. This paper presents a theory concerning design media and the application of typical media aspects in a spatial sketch program. SketchBoX is conceived as an experimental 3D version of a sketchbook. It can be used for the notation of primary forms and structures in 'architectural' space. The program consists of several transparent drawing surfaces that can be placed in relation to each other and in relation to models of design or different design contexts. Thus architects and students in architecture might be able to explore more adequately the spatial configuration of the built environment and they can comment within the models of their designs. Architectural group discussions and collaborative work can be enhanced by SketchBoX because visual annotations can be made directly in relation to a 3D model. This paper describes the consequent design considerations and expected use of the SketchBoX program.
keywords	Exploration, Sketching, Commenting, Media, Creativity
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	avocaad_2001_16
id	avocaad_2001_16
authors	Yu-Ying Chang, Yu-Tung Liu, Chien-Hui Wong
year	2001
title	Some Phenomena of Spatial Characteristics of Cyberspace
source	AVOCAAD - ADDED VALUE OF COMPUTER AIDED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Nys Koenraad, Provoost Tom, Verbeke Johan, Verleye Johan (Eds.), (2001) Hogeschool voor Wetenschap en Kunst - Departement Architectuur Sint-Lucas, Campus Brussel, ISBN 80-76101-05-1
summary	"Space," which has long been an important concept in architecture (Bloomer & Moore, 1977; Mitchell, 1995, 1999), has attracted interest of researchers from various academic disciplines in recent years (Agnew, 1993; Benko & Strohmayer, 1996; Chang, 1999; Foucault, 1982; Gould, 1998). Researchers from disciplines such as anthropology, geography, sociology, philosophy, and linguistics regard it as the basis of the discussion of various theories in social sciences and humanities (Chen, 1999). On the other hand, since the invention of Internet, Internet users have been experiencing a new and magic "world." According to the definitions in traditional architecture theories, "space" is generated whenever people define a finite void by some physical elements (Zevi, 1985). However, although Internet is a virtual, immense, invisible and intangible world, navigating in it, we can still sense the very presence of ourselves and others in a wonderland. This sense could be testified by our naming of Internet as Cyberspace -- an exotic kind of space. Therefore, as people nowadays rely more and more on the Internet in their daily life, and as more and more architectural scholars and designers begin to invest their efforts in the design of virtual places online (e.g., Maher, 1999; Li & Maher, 2000), we cannot help but ask whether there are indeed sensible spaces in Internet. And if yes, these spaces exist in terms of what forms and created by what ways?To join the current interdisciplinary discussion on the issue of space, and to obtain new definition as well as insightful understanding of "space", this study explores the spatial phenomena in Internet. We hope that our findings would ultimately be also useful for contemporary architectural designers and scholars in their designs in the real world.As a preliminary exploration, the main objective of this study is to discover the elements involved in the creation/construction of Internet spaces and to examine the relationship between human participants and Internet spaces. In addition, this study also attempts to investigate whether participants from different academic disciplines define or experience Internet spaces in different ways, and to find what spatial elements of Internet they emphasize the most.In order to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of the spatial phenomena in Internet and to overcome the subjectivity of the members of the research team, the research design of this study was divided into two stages. At the first stage, we conducted literature review to study existing theories of space (which are based on observations and investigations of the physical world). At the second stage of this study, we recruited 8 Internet regular users to approach this topic from different point of views, and to see whether people with different academic training would define and experience Internet spaces differently.The results of this study reveal that the relationship between human participants and Internet spaces is different from that between human participants and physical spaces. In the physical world, physical elements of space must be established first; it then begins to be regarded as a place after interaction between/among human participants or interaction between human participants and the physical environment. In contrast, in Internet, a sense of place is first created through human interactions (or activities), Internet participants then begin to sense the existence of a space. Therefore, it seems that, among the many spatial elements of Internet we found, "interaction/reciprocity" Ñ either between/among human participants or between human participants and the computer interface Ð seems to be the most crucial element.In addition, another interesting result of this study is that verbal (linguistic) elements could provoke a sense of space in a degree higher than 2D visual representation and no less than 3D visual simulations. Nevertheless, verbal and 3D visual elements seem to work in different ways in terms of cognitive behaviors: Verbal elements provoke visual imagery and other sensory perceptions by "imagining" and then excite personal experiences of space; visual elements, on the other hand, provoke and excite visual experiences of space directly by "mapping".Finally, it was found that participants with different academic training did experience and define space differently. For example, when experiencing and analyzing Internet spaces, architecture designers, the creators of the physical world, emphasize the design of circulation and orientation, while participants with linguistics training focus more on subtle language usage. Visual designers tend to analyze the graphical elements of virtual spaces based on traditional painting theories; industrial designers, on the other hand, tend to treat these spaces as industrial products, emphasizing concept of user-center and the control of the computer interface.The findings of this study seem to add new information to our understanding of virtual space. It would be interesting for future studies to investigate how this information influences architectural designers in their real-world practices in this digital age. In addition, to obtain a fuller picture of Internet space, further research is needed to study the same issue by examining more Internet participants who have no formal linguistics and graphical training.
series	AVOCAAD
email
last changed	2005/09/09 10:48

_id	977d
authors	Van Zutphen, R.H.M., Turksma, A., Achten, H.H. and Af Klercker, J.
year	1999
title	AVOCAAD, Teaching CAAD on the Internet
source	CAADRIA '99 [Proceedings of The Fourth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 7-5439-1233-3] Shanghai (China) 5-7 May 1999, pp. 345-354
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1999.345
summary	The Leonardo da Vinci pilot project AVOCAAD (Added Value of Computer Aided Architectural Design), aims to innovate the use of computers in architecture. It tries to achieve this through the development of new course material, which will be used in the education of architectural students as well as for post-graduate education, continuous education and training-on-the-job of architects working in a practice. Besides the development of new course materials, a new framework was developed to give structure to the huge amount of different topics within the CAAD-curriculum and to improve dissemination and learning facilities using the Internet. In this paper, we describe the AVOCAAD project in general, give some examples of concrete course materials, and focus on the general framework, which we called the Vienna Scheme. The paper also focuses on the implementation, and use of the Vienna Scheme on the Internet is also discussed. The project is funded by the European Community under grant B/96/2/0539/PI/II.1.1.c/CONT.
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.avocaad.org
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	41d4
authors	Medjdoub, Benachir
year	1999
title	Interactive 2D Constraint-Based Geometric Construction System
source	Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures [ISBN 0-7923-8536-5] Atlanta, 7-8 June 1999, pp. 197-212
summary	This paper presents a 2D Constraint-Based Geometric Construction System where positioning and manipulating geometry is very precise. An unusually simple interface makes this system particularly interactive and easy to use. In our approach, the geometry types supported are: points, lines, circles, ellipses, circular arcs and b-spline curves. All the fundamental topologic constraints, i.e. tangent, parallel, perpendicular, coincident and concentric, are provided. Metric constraints, i.e. dividing the shapes into equal parts or fixing the geometric parameters, are also provided. These constraints are automatically applied by the application in response to the implied intentions of the end- user. Dynamic modifications of partially dimensioned models are supported, whereby the design is modified while enforcing the constraints. A graph-constructive approach is used to solve the model. As we are dealing with partial modifications, this resolution technique is quite sufficient, and makes our system stable and flexible. Our approach focuses highly on interactivity. Positioning a shape constrained to another is made directly through the graphic interface. Constraint relaxation is also done by direct manipulations. Modifications are made by dragging the geometry, or by typing into a numerical panel displaying the free shape parameters. Again, existing constraints are maintained as those numbers are applied. Well -constrained and under-constrained problems are discussed. This approach was developed in Java, JDK 3.0.1 of SGI's Java software.
keywords	Sketching, Geometric Constraints, Interactivity, Geometric construction, Dynamic Modifications
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2006/11/07 07:22

_id	bacd
authors	Abadí Abbo, Isaac
year	1999
title	APPLICATION OF SPATIAL DESIGN ABILITY IN A POSTGRADUATE COURSE
source	Full-scale Modeling and the Simulation of Light [Proceedings of the 7th European Full-scale Modeling Association Conference / ISBN 3-85437-167-5] Florence (Italy) 18-20 February 1999, pp. 75-82
summary	Spatial Design Ability (SDA) has been defined by the author (1983) as the capacity to anticipate the effects (psychological impressions) that architectural spaces or its components produce in observers or users. This concept, which requires the evaluation of spaces by the people that uses it, was proposed as a guideline to a Masters Degree Course in Architectural Design at the Universidad Autonoma de Aguascalientes in Mexico. The theory and the exercises required for the experience needed a model that could simulate spaces in terms of all the variables involved. Full-scale modeling as has been tested in previous research, offered the most effective mean to experiment with space. A simple, primitive model was designed and built: an articulated ceiling that allows variation in height and shape, and a series of wooden panels for the walls and structure. Several exercises were carried out, mainly to experience cause -effect relationships between space and the psychological impressions they produce. Students researched into spatial taxonomy, intentional sequences of space and spatial character. Results showed that students achieved the expected anticipation of space and that full-scale modeling, even with a simple model, proved to be an effective tool for this purpose. The low cost of the model and the short time it took to be built, opens an important possibility for Institutions involved in architectural studies, both as a research and as a learning tool.
keywords	Spatial Design Ability, Architectural Space, User Evaluation, Learning, Model Simulation, Real Environments
series	other
type	normal paper
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/efa
last changed	2004/05/04 11:27

_id	cf2011_p109
id	cf2011_p109
authors	Abdelmohsen, Sherif; Lee Jinkook, Eastman Chuck
year	2011
title	Automated Cost Analysis of Concept Design BIM Models
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 403-418.
summary	AUTOMATED COST ANALYSIS OF CONCEPT DESIGN BIM MODELS Interoperability: BIM models and cost models This paper introduces the automated cost analysis developed for the General Services Administration (GSA) and the analysis results of a case study involving a concept design courthouse BIM model. The purpose of this study is to investigate interoperability issues related to integrating design and analysis tools; specifically BIM models and cost models. Previous efforts to generate cost estimates from BIM models have focused on developing two necessary but disjoint processes: 1) extracting accurate quantity take off data from BIM models, and 2) manipulating cost analysis results to provide informative feedback. Some recent efforts involve developing detailed definitions, enhanced IFC-based formats and in-house standards for assemblies that encompass building models (e.g. US Corps of Engineers). Some commercial applications enhance the level of detail associated to BIM objects with assembly descriptions to produce lightweight BIM models that can be used by different applications for various purposes (e.g. Autodesk for design review, Navisworks for scheduling, Innovaya for visual estimating, etc.). This study suggests the integration of design and analysis tools by means of managing all building data in one shared repository accessible to multiple domains in the AEC industry (Eastman, 1999; Eastman et al., 2008; authors, 2010). Our approach aims at providing an integrated platform that incorporates a quantity take off extraction method from IFC models, a cost analysis model, and a comprehensive cost reporting scheme, using the Solibri Model Checker (SMC) development environment. Approach As part of the effort to improve the performance of federal buildings, GSA evaluates concept design alternatives based on their compliance with specific requirements, including cost analysis. Two basic challenges emerge in the process of automating cost analysis for BIM models: 1) At this early concept design stage, only minimal information is available to produce a reliable analysis, such as space names and areas, and building gross area, 2) design alternatives share a lot of programmatic requirements such as location, functional spaces and other data. It is thus crucial to integrate other factors that contribute to substantial cost differences such as perimeter, and exterior wall and roof areas. These are extracted from BIM models using IFC data and input through XML into the Parametric Cost Engineering System (PACES, 2010) software to generate cost analysis reports. PACES uses this limited dataset at a conceptual stage and RSMeans (2010) data to infer cost assemblies at different levels of detail. Functionalities Cost model import module The cost model import module has three main functionalities: generating the input dataset necessary for the cost model, performing a semantic mapping between building type specific names and name aggregation structures in PACES known as functional space areas (FSAs), and managing cost data external to the BIM model, such as location and construction duration. The module computes building data such as footprint, gross area, perimeter, external wall and roof area and building space areas. This data is generated through SMC in the form of an XML file and imported into PACES. Reporting module The reporting module uses the cost report generated by PACES to develop a comprehensive report in the form of an excel spreadsheet. This report consists of a systems-elemental estimate that shows the main systems of the building in terms of UniFormat categories, escalation, markups, overhead and conditions, a UniFormat Level III report, and a cost breakdown that provides a summary of material, equipment, labor and total costs. Building parameters are integrated in the report to provide insight on the variations among design alternatives.
keywords	building information modeling, interoperability, cost analysis, IFC
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	36d3
authors	Af Klercker, Jonas
year	1999
title	A CAVE-Interface in CAAD-Education?
source	CAADRIA '99 [Proceedings of The Fourth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 7-5439-1233-3] Shanghai (China) 5-7 May 1999, pp. 313-323
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1999.313
summary	The so called "CAVE-interface" is a very interesting and thrilling development for architects! It supports a better illusion of space by exposing almost a 270° view of a computer model than the 60° which can be viewed on an ordinary computer screen. At the Lund University we have got the possibility to experiment with a CAVE-installation, using it in research and the education of CAAD. The technique and three experiments are discribed. The possibilities are discussed and some problems and questions are put forward.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

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