Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	d43d
authors	Yu, Dazhong
year	1999
title	Public Participation in Urban Design Based on Information Technology
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1999.393
source	CAADRIA '99 [Proceedings of The Fourth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 7-5439-1233-3] Shanghai (China) 5-7 May 1999, pp. 393-402
summary	For years, lack of public participation has affected the quality of design and planning. The developing cities constantly face the anti-development sentiments on the part of local residents because of controversial decision of development. Rapid development of information technology provides us with a chance to mend the delay of communication with the public in design procedure. It makes it possible to get the resident's reaction to a new project. Unlike a purely CAD-based environment, computer application to urban design is based on a blend of computer-aided design, spatial information system, and interactive multimedia. It is the combination of geometric, geographic, and annotated information and the need of data integration by collaboration and meanwhile it provides opportunities of participation. Due to the position at the crossover of architecture, landscape architecture, and planning, urban design attempts to control the proceeding in both design improvisations and socio-economic policies. In this proceeding, public participation plays an important role in exchanging opinions with the masses. In the situation of participation in China, we can synthesize some useful methods of public participation in the urban design by means of computer simulation, computer communication, and diverse software and tools, etc.
series	CAADRIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	a35a
authors	Arponen, Matti
year	2002
title	From 2D Base Map To 3D City Model
source	UMDS '02 Proceedings, Prague (Czech Republic) 2-4 October 2002, I.17-I.28
summary	Since 1997 Helsinki City Survey Division has proceeded in experimenting and in developing the methods for converting and supplementing current digital 2D base maps in the scale 1:500 to a 3D city model. Actually since 1986 project areas have been produced in 3D for city planning and construction projects, but working with the whole map database started in 1997 because of customer demands and competitive 3D projects. 3D map database needs new data modelling and structures, map update processes need new working orders and the draftsmen need to learn a new profession; the 3D modeller. Laser-scanning and digital photogrammetry have been used in collecting 3D information on the map objects. During the years 1999-2000 laser-scanning experiments covering 45 km2 have been carried out utilizing the Swedish TopEye system. Simultaneous digital photography produces material for orto photo mosaics. These have been applied in mapping out dated map features and in vectorizing 3D buildings manually, semi automatically and automatically. In modelling we use TerraScan, TerraPhoto and TerraModeler sw, which are developed in Finland. The 3D city model project is at the same time partially a software development project. An accuracy and feasibility study was also completed and will be shortly presented. The three scales of 3D models are also presented in this paper. Some new 3D products and some usage of 3D city models in practice will be demonstrated in the actual presentation.
keywords	3D City modeling
series	other
email
more	www.udms.net
last changed	2003/11/21 15:16

_id	d423
authors	Arvin, Scott A. and House, Donald H.
year	1999
title	Making Designs Come Alive: Using Physically Based Modeling Techniques in Space Layout Planning
source	Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures [ISBN 0-7923-8536-5] Atlanta, 7-8 June 1999, pp. 245-262
summary	This paper introduces the concept of responsive design. It elaborates this concept as an approach to free form, adaptable, automated design applying physically based modeling techniques to the design process. Our approach attempts to bridge the gap between totally automated design and the free form brainstorming designers normally employ. We do this by automating the initial placement and sizing of design elements, with an interactive engine that appears alive and highly responsive. We present a method for applying these techniques to architectural space layout planning, and preliminary implementation details for a prototype system for developing rectangular, two-dimensional, single- story floor plans.
keywords	Physically Based Space Layout, Physically Based Design, Responsive Design, Space Layout Planning, Computer-aided Design, Human-computer Interaction
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2006/11/07 07:22

_id	f317
authors	Arvin, Scott A. and House, Donald H.
year	1999
title	Modeling Architectural Design Objectives in Physically Based Space Planning
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1999.212
source	Media and Design Process [ACADIA ‘99 / ISBN 1-880250-08-X] Salt Lake City 29-31 October 1999, pp. 212-225
summary	Physically based space planning is a means for automating the conceptual design process by applying the physics of motion to space plan elements. This methodology provides for a responsive design process, which allows a designer to easily make decisions whose consequences immediately propagate throughout the design. It combines the speed of automated design methods with the flexibility of manual design methods, while adding a highly interactive quality and a sense of collaboration with the design itself. In our approach, the designer creates a space plan by specifying and modifying graphic design objectives rather than by directly manipulating primitive geometry. The plan adapts to the changing state of objectives by applying the physics of motion to its elements. For design objectives to have an effect on a physically based space plan, they need to be able to apply appropriate forces to space plan elements. Space planning can be separated into two problems, determining topological properties and determining geometric properties. Design objectives can then be categorized as topological or geometric objectives. Topological objectives influence the location of individual spaces, affecting how one space relates to another. Geometric objectives influence the size and shape of space boundaries, affecting the dimensions of individual walls. This paper focuses on how to model a variety of design objectives for use in a physically based space planning system. We describe how topological objectives, such as adjacency and orientation, can be modeled to apply forces to space locations, and how geometric objectives, such as area, proportion, and alignment, can be modeled to apply forces to boundary edges.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	f288
authors	Bille, Pia
year	1999
title	Integrating GIS and Electronic Networks In Urban Design and Planning
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1999.722
source	Architectural Computing from Turing to 2000 [eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-5-7] Liverpool (UK) 15-17 September 1999, pp. 722-728
summary	In 1998 I undertook an inquiry into the use of information technology in Urban Design and Planning in Danish municipalities and among planning consultants. The aim was to find out who was working with the IT and for what purposes it was used. In education there seems to be barriers to a full integration of the new media, and I wanted to find out if that was also the case in the practise of architects and planners. Surprisingly I discovered that there was a computer on almost every desk, - but there were big differences in the use of the technology. The investigation described here is based on interviews with planners in selected municipalities and with urban planning consultants, and the results have been summarised in a publication.
keywords	Urban Planning, Electronic Collaboration, GIS, Data Bases
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	5f9c
authors	Castello, Regina
year	1999
title	GIS and the Investigation of the Environmental Heritage
source	III Congreso Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings] Montevideo (Uruguay) September 29th - October 1st 1999, pp. 219-224
summary	This paper presents an investigation on the architectural, natural, and cultural resources in the southern part of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, according to their historical or environmental value, identifying natural and cultural elements known and valued by local communities, regardless their experts’ classification. Resources are identified by means of geographical information systems, combined with field information. The area comprises the coastal strip and the plains located in the last frontier of the Brazilian territory and the water system dominated by the lakes Patos, Mangueira and Mirim. The inventory of the environmental, sociocultural and economic heritage provides the necessary insight for issuing new development alternatives based on local resources. Research activities will include: the ellaboration of general and thematic maps, based on LANDSAT 5 [bands 3, 4 and 5] images; aerial photographs; DSG/SGE and municipal maps [scales 1:250.000, 1:50.000 and 1:25.000]; field work for the recognition of remarkable elements; interviews with residents for assessing their perception of local values; and community and institutional statements. These informations, comprising the elements valued by their architectural and urban quality, historical relevance and environmental significance, organised in a database, will provide contextual guidelines for the planning of a tourist route. This route, delineated by the preservation, recovery and use of representative local resources, valued as expressions of a native culture, evocates the initial occupation of the gaúcho territory, and may be touristically promoted as "The Gaúcho’s Way". The project also aims at showing the potential offered by GIS for identifying and evaluating specific spatial characteristics.
keywords	Environmental Planning, Historical Preservation
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:48

_id	de50
authors	Combes, Leonardo and Barrionuevo, Luis F.
year	1999
title	Distribución Espacial de Elementos Arquitectónicos (Space Distribution of Architectural Elements)
source	III Congreso Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings] Montevideo (Uruguay) September 29th - October 1st 1999, pp. 130-133
summary	This paper treats of the management of the position of objects on the plane. At first sight problems related with planning objects on the plane appear to be quite trivial. Nevertheless a system able to manage the permutation of objects the one with respect to the others becomes a complex one when all the possible variations are taken into account. The operations to be performed include topological variations in a combinatorial process. Although the results of such a system could be of general design application in this paper only architectural problems are examined as examples. In the first part an outline of the system is presented. In the second part a computer program directed to produce graphical results is described together with some case studies.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:49

_id	85ab
authors	Corrao, Rossella and Fulantelli, Giovanni
year	1999
title	Architects in the Information Society: The Role of New Technologies
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1999.665
source	Architectural Computing from Turing to 2000 [eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-5-7] Liverpool (UK) 15-17 September 1999, pp. 665-671
summary	New Technologies (NTs) offer us tools with which to deal with the new challenges that a changing society or workplace presents. In particular, new design strategies and approaches are required by the emerging Information Society, and NTs offer effective solutions to the designers in the different stages of their professional life, and in different working situations. In this paper some meaningful scenarios of the use of the NTs in Architecture and Urban Design are introduced; the scenarios have been selected in order to understand how the role of architects in the Information Society is changing, and what new opportunities NTs offer them. It will be underlined how the telematic networks play an essential role in the activation of virtual studios that are able to compete in an increasingly global market; examples will be given of the use of the Web to support activities related to Urban Planning and Management; it will be shown how the Internet may be used to access strategic resources for education and training, and sustain lifelong learning. The aforesaid considerations derive from a Web-Based Instruction system we have developed to support University students in the definition of projects that can concern either single buildings or whole parts of a city. The system can easily be adopted in the other scenarios introduced.
keywords	Architecture, Urban Planning , New Technologies, World Wide Web, Education
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	49b2
authors	Cuberos Mejia, Ricardo
year	1999
title	Some Experiences about CAAD on Design and Documentation Processes
source	AVOCAAD Second International Conference [AVOCAAD Conference Proceedings / ISBN 90-76101-02-07] Brussels (Belgium) 8-10 April 1999, pp. 237-249
summary	The manuscript proposes a qualification of the added value of CAAD according to the scope of application of such platforms, their implications in the own design process and the character of its end items. Each scope as well is defined in different dimensions, which explain and exemplify from a series of experiences developed by the author in the last 10 years, applying CAAD platforms in activities of architectural design, university teaching, investigation and consulting, or urban planning.
series	AVOCAAD
email
last changed	2005/09/09 10:48

_id	ga0015
id	ga0015
authors	Daru, R., Vreedenburgh, E. and Scha, R.
year	2000
title	Architectural Innovation as an evolutionary process
source	International Conference on Generative Art
summary	Traditionally in art and architectural history, innovation is treated as a history of ideas of individuals (pioneers), movements and schools. The monograph is in that context one of the most used forms of scientific exercise. History of architecture is then mostly seen as a succession of dominant architectural paradigms imposed by great architectural creators fighting at the beginning against mainstream establishment until they themselves come to be recognised. However, there have been attempts to place architectural innovation and creativity in an evolutionary perspective. Charles Jencks for example, has described the evolution of architectural and art movements according to a diagram inspired by ecological models. Philip Steadman, in his book "The Evolution of Designs. Biological analogy in architecture and the applied arts" (1979), sketches the history of various biological analogies and their impact on architectural theory: the organic, classificatory, anatomical, ecological and Darwinian or evolutionary analogies. This last analogy "explains the design of useful objects and buildings, particularly in primitive society and in the craft tradition, in terms of a sequence of repeated copyings (corresponding to inheritance), with small changes made at each stage ('variations'), which are then subjected to a testing process when the object is put into use ('selection')." However, Steadman has confined his study to a literature survey as the basis of a history of ideas. Since this pioneering work, new developments like Dawkins' concept of memes allow further steps in the field of cultural evolution of architectural innovation. The application of the concept of memes to architectural design has been put forward in a preceding "Generative Art" conference (Daru, 1999), showing its application in a pilot study on the analysis of projects of and by architectural students. This first empirical study is now followed by a study of 'real life' architectural practice. The case taken has a double implication for the evolutionary analogy. It takes a specific architectural innovative concept as a 'meme' and develops the analysis of the trajectory of this meme in the individual context of the designer and at large. At the same time, the architect involved (Eric Vreedenburgh, Archipel Ontwerpers) is knowledgeable about the theory of memetic evolution and is applying a computer tool (called 'Artificial') together with Remko Scha, the authoring computer scientist of the program who collaborates frequently with artists and architects. This case study (the penthouse in Dutch town planning and the application of 'Artificial') shall be discussed in the paper as presented. The theoretical and methodological problems of various models of diffusion of memes shall be discussed and a preliminary model shall be presented as a framework to account for not only Darwinian but also Lamarckian processes, and for individual as well as collective transmission, consumption and creative transformation of memes.
keywords	evolutionary design, architectural innovation, memetic diffusion, CAAD, penthouses, Dutch design, creativity, Darwinian and Lamarckian processes
series	other
more	http://www.generativeart.com/
last changed	2003/08/07 17:25

_id	7082
authors	Dawood, N.
year	1999
title	A proposed system for integrating design and production in the precast building industry
source	The Int. Journal of Construction IT 7(1), pp. 72-83
summary	The UK construction industry is going through a major re-appraisal, with the objective of reducing construction costs by at least 30% by the end of the millennium. Precast and off-site construction are set to play a major role in improving construction productivity, reducing costs and improving working conditions. In a survey of current practices in the prefabrication industry, it was concluded that the industry is far behind other manufacturing-based industries in terms of the utilisation of IT in production planning and scheduling and other technical and managerial operations. It is suggested that a systematic, integrated, computer-aided, approach to presenting and processing information is needed. The objective of this paper is to introduce and discuss the specifications of an integrated intelligent computer-based information system for the precast concrete industry. The system should facilitate: the integration of design and manufacturing operations; automatic generation of production schedules directly from design data and factory attributes; and generation of erection schedules from site information, factory attributes and design data. It is hypothesised that the introduction of such a system would reduce the total cost of precasting by 10% and encourage clients to choose precast components more often.
series	journal paper
last changed	2003/05/15 21:45

_id	57b7
authors	Dijkstra, Jan and Timmermans, Harry J.P.
year	1999
title	Towards a Multi-Agent System for Network Decision Analysis
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1999.373
source	CAADRIA '99 [Proceedings of The Fourth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 7-5439-1233-3] Shanghai (China) 5-7 May 1999, pp. 373-382
summary	We introduce the outline of a multi-agent system that can be used for network decision analysis. This system is based on cellular automata and multi-agent technology. The system simulates how agents move around in a particular 3D (or 2D) environment, in which space is represented as a lattice of cells. Agents represent objects or people with their own behavior, moving over the network. We think that the system provides a potentially valuable tool to support design and decision-making processes, related to user behavior, in architecture and urban planning.
series	CAADRIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	3ddc
authors	Dijkstra, Jan and Timmermans, Harry
year	1999
title	Towards a Multi-Agent Model for Visualizing Simulated User Behavior to Support the Assessment of Design Performance
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1999.226
source	Media and Design Process [ACADIA ‘99 / ISBN 1-880250-08-X] Salt Lake City 29-31 October 1999, pp. 226-237
summary	We introduce the outline of a multi-agent model that can be used for visualizing simulated user behavior to support the assessment of design performance. We will consider various performance indicators of building environments, which are related to user reaction to design decisions. This system may serve as a media tool in the design process for a better understanding of what the design will look like, especially for those cases where design or planning decisions will affect the behavior of individuals. The system is based on cellular automata and multi-agent simulation technology. The system simulates how agents move around in a particular 3D (or 2D) environment, in which space is represented as a lattice of cells. Agents represent objects or people with their own behavior, moving over the network. Each agent will be located in a simulated space, based on the cellular automata grid. Each iteration of the simulation is based on a parallel update of the agents conforming local rules. Agents positioned within an environment will need sensors to perceive their local neighborhood and some means with which to affect the environment. In this way, autonomous individuals and the interaction between them can be simulated by the system. As a result, designers can use the system to assess the likely consequences of their design decisions on user behavior. We think that the system provides a potentially valuable tool to support design and decision-making processes, related to user behavior in architecture and urban planning.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	80f0
authors	Dokonal, Wolfgang
year	1999
title	Three Dimensional Computer Models in Development Planning
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1999.685
source	Architectural Computing from Turing to 2000 [eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-5-7] Liverpool (UK) 15-17 September 1999, pp. 685-693
summary	The paper shows a way to use computer generated spatial models in planning to increase the quality of development planning inside a community and to enable a better vision of future developments in showing the spatial impact of possible solutions inside a bandwidth of surface utilisation and density. It describes the application of this technique to give the specialists and the members of a community a comparatively easy to use tool to show the impact of planning decisions and therefore increase the discussion about a desirable future.
keywords	3D City Modeling, Planning, Spatial Models, Development
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	8fd5
authors	Eastman, C., His, I. and Potts, C.
year	1999
title	Coordination in Multi-Organization Creative Design Projects
source	GVU report, College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology
summary	We are interested in the coordination of design and planning decisions in large, multi-organizational projects and their implications for technology support. These projects are undertaken by goal-driven "virtual organizations", involving companies of different sizes, professional traditions, cultures, as well as geographic location. We have observed several months of planning and review meetings in a multi-national architectural project and have gathered volumes of design and planning documentation in the form of memoranda, faxes, project plans and design drawings. From our observations, we outline the requirements and possible features of useful coordination support.
series	report
email
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	837b
authors	Elger, Dietrich and Russell, Peter
year	2000
title	Using the World Wide Web as a Communication and Presentation Forum for Students of Architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2000.061
source	Promise and Reality: State of the Art versus State of Practice in Computing for the Design and Planning Process [18th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-6-5] Weimar (Germany) 22-24 June 2000, pp. 61-64
summary	Since 1997, the Institute for Industrial Building Production (ifib) has been carrying out upper level design studios under the framework of the Netzentwurf or Net-Studio. The Netzentwurf is categorized as a virtual design studio in that the environment for presentation, criticism and communication is web based. This allows lessons learned from research into Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) to be adapted to the special conditions indigenous to the architectural design studio. Indeed, an aim of the Netzentwurf is the creation and evolution of a design studio planing platform. In the Winter semester 1999-2000, ifib again carried out two Netzentwurf studios. involving approximately 30 students from the Faculty of Architecture, University of Karlsruhe. The projects differed from previous net studios in that both studios encompassed an inter-university character in addition to the established framework of the Netzentwurf. The first project, the re-use of Fort Kleber in Wolfisheim by Strasbourg, was carried out as part of the Virtual Upperrhine University of Architecture (VuuA) involving over 140 students from various disciplines in six institutions from five universities in France, Switzerland and Germany. The second project, entitled "Future, Inc.", involved the design of an office building for a scenario 20 years hence. This project was carried out in parallel with the Technical University Cottbus using the same methodology and program for two separate building sites.
keywords	Virtual Design Studios, Architectural Graphics, Presentation Techniques
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.uni-weimar.de/ecaade/
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	2fc7
authors	Forber, U. and Russell, P.
year	1999
title	Interdisciplinary Collaboration in the Virtual Design Studio Design Studio
source	Proceedings of the 17th Annual EAAE Annual Conference, Plymouth UK
summary	Drastic changes in technology and economics currently impact common working structures. Moreover, a fundamental move of western societies from industrial and service oriented societies to information oriented societies can be observed. Like others, the AEC industry is also exposed to the challenge of these fundamental changes, not only regarding an ever growing stock of information on building components and materials, but also because of new methods of collaboration to be applied by all participants. As a result, integrating domain specific knowledge into the design process and conversely, conveying design intentions to domain experts, is meaningful in a constantly growing scale. Utilising advanced technology, a twofold approach in research and education, undertaken at the Institut für Industrielle Bauproduktion (ifib), University of Karlsruhe, is the basis of efforts to create and develop integrating methods of collaboration into the design and planning process. In addition, the integration of AEC practitioners (investors, users, designers, engineers) in the education process provides both drastic changes in the fields of design and construction education of students and a promising approach for life long learning. The focus of this paper is to present the current state of work and to report on experiences gathered during several Virtual Design Studios (VDS) in which multi-disciplinary participants from various Universities and backgrounds were involved. Platforms for the activities are World Wide Web based applications as well as animations, VR, CAD and video conferencing.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	a872
authors	Frassia, Mercedes
year	1999
title	Código Digital de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires (Digital Code of the City of Buenos Aires)
source	III Congreso Iberoamericano de Grafico Digital [SIGRADI Conference Proceedings] Montevideo (Uruguay) September 29th - October 1st 1999, pp. 209-212
summary	As a result of an agreement signed between the urban planning secretary depending on the Buenos Aires government and the Buenos Aires University, a software was developed. It has enough capacity to store, update and transmit the regulations that guide the development of Buenos Aires City. This application was materialized using graphic interfaces, what encourage the construction of a highly friendly program. It was constructed having the WWW in mind, to admit the consults and bring up to date in a distance environment.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	2076
authors	Holmgren, Steen and Rüdiger, Bjarne
year	1999
title	IT in Urban Regeneration Projects
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1999.708
source	Architectural Computing from Turing to 2000 [eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-5-7] Liverpool (UK) 15-17 September 1999, pp. 708-713
summary	This paper is about the development of new tools for the residents to use for participation in the planning process and by the professional generating proposals for projects. It deals with two actual research projects, which might be described as transition projects. The projects are Digital 3D City Model of Copenhagen and Urban Architecture in Urban Renewal, - in dialogue between professionals and residents. These projects take their point of departure in the architects traditional working methods and working tools, but they focus on new methods for the dialogue between professionals and inhabitants and on a new visual language based on the digital technology. In this transition situation we see the educated architect as well as the politician and the inhabitant as students in a common learning process. In the end of the paper we introduce a planned project about IT in Urban Renewal. The project is based on an ongoing governmental experiment with involving inhabitants actively in the renewal of their urban area. This project is intended to combine dialogue methods with the use of interactive 3D-digital City models on the Internet.
keywords	3D City modeling, Urban Regeneration, Participation, Dialogue Method, 3D Digital City Model, Urban Architecture
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ab77
authors	Iki, K., Shimoda, S., Kumadaki, N. and Homma, R.
year	1999
title	Development and Use of Intranet-Based CAFM System
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.1999.383
source	CAADRIA '99 [Proceedings of The Fourth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 7-5439-1233-3] Shanghai (China) 5-7 May 1999, pp. 383-392
summary	In the past CAFM system study, we proposed a system for supporting data-processing and plan-drafting, on the assumption that it is to be used in different stages of Building Construction, Interior Spatial Planning and Maintenance. By the above system, we have developed a CAFM system using the DBMS (Data Base Management System), CAD (Computer Aided Design) and Spread Sheet as the analysis tools. Management system with FM-related data editing functions such as 'Input', 'Modification', 'Deleting', etc, are proposed. To promote the FM business smoothly, information should be shared among departments concerned, and informative administrative framework should be organized. This time, we propose a prototype of CAFM system on INTRANET which is developed for general users that permits browsing and downloading of system database.
series	CAADRIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

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