Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	6722
authors	Marques, Sandra Oliveira and Goulette, Jean-Pierre
year	2000
title	Architecture and Cyberspace: Reciprocal Spatial Contamination (Architecture and Cyberspace: Reciprocal Spatial Contamination)
source	SIGraDi’2000 - Construindo (n)o espacio digital (constructing the digital Space) [4th SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 85-88027-02-X] Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) 25-28 september 2000, pp. 81-83
summary	Fascinated by the possibility of designing the world, human being has always searched for tools to mediate this process. Cyberspace became one of this tools. Virtual technologies associated to communicational technologies are changing human’s cultural, social, and material context, consequently changing the idea of architecture itself. The decreasing material content of our activities and their increasing perceptual, communicative and cognitive contents are drawing a new framework to our spatial experiences. Objects, spaces, buildings and institutions can now be constructed, navigated, experienced and manipulated across cyberspace. The particular focus in this paper is to discuss the architectural aspects of the Virtual Architectures (VAs) and an initial framework for its design.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:55

_id	avocaad_2001_16
id	avocaad_2001_16
authors	Yu-Ying Chang, Yu-Tung Liu, Chien-Hui Wong
year	2001
title	Some Phenomena of Spatial Characteristics of Cyberspace
source	AVOCAAD - ADDED VALUE OF COMPUTER AIDED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Nys Koenraad, Provoost Tom, Verbeke Johan, Verleye Johan (Eds.), (2001) Hogeschool voor Wetenschap en Kunst - Departement Architectuur Sint-Lucas, Campus Brussel, ISBN 80-76101-05-1
summary	"Space," which has long been an important concept in architecture (Bloomer & Moore, 1977; Mitchell, 1995, 1999), has attracted interest of researchers from various academic disciplines in recent years (Agnew, 1993; Benko & Strohmayer, 1996; Chang, 1999; Foucault, 1982; Gould, 1998). Researchers from disciplines such as anthropology, geography, sociology, philosophy, and linguistics regard it as the basis of the discussion of various theories in social sciences and humanities (Chen, 1999). On the other hand, since the invention of Internet, Internet users have been experiencing a new and magic "world." According to the definitions in traditional architecture theories, "space" is generated whenever people define a finite void by some physical elements (Zevi, 1985). However, although Internet is a virtual, immense, invisible and intangible world, navigating in it, we can still sense the very presence of ourselves and others in a wonderland. This sense could be testified by our naming of Internet as Cyberspace -- an exotic kind of space. Therefore, as people nowadays rely more and more on the Internet in their daily life, and as more and more architectural scholars and designers begin to invest their efforts in the design of virtual places online (e.g., Maher, 1999; Li & Maher, 2000), we cannot help but ask whether there are indeed sensible spaces in Internet. And if yes, these spaces exist in terms of what forms and created by what ways?To join the current interdisciplinary discussion on the issue of space, and to obtain new definition as well as insightful understanding of "space", this study explores the spatial phenomena in Internet. We hope that our findings would ultimately be also useful for contemporary architectural designers and scholars in their designs in the real world.As a preliminary exploration, the main objective of this study is to discover the elements involved in the creation/construction of Internet spaces and to examine the relationship between human participants and Internet spaces. In addition, this study also attempts to investigate whether participants from different academic disciplines define or experience Internet spaces in different ways, and to find what spatial elements of Internet they emphasize the most.In order to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of the spatial phenomena in Internet and to overcome the subjectivity of the members of the research team, the research design of this study was divided into two stages. At the first stage, we conducted literature review to study existing theories of space (which are based on observations and investigations of the physical world). At the second stage of this study, we recruited 8 Internet regular users to approach this topic from different point of views, and to see whether people with different academic training would define and experience Internet spaces differently.The results of this study reveal that the relationship between human participants and Internet spaces is different from that between human participants and physical spaces. In the physical world, physical elements of space must be established first; it then begins to be regarded as a place after interaction between/among human participants or interaction between human participants and the physical environment. In contrast, in Internet, a sense of place is first created through human interactions (or activities), Internet participants then begin to sense the existence of a space. Therefore, it seems that, among the many spatial elements of Internet we found, "interaction/reciprocity" Ñ either between/among human participants or between human participants and the computer interface Ð seems to be the most crucial element.In addition, another interesting result of this study is that verbal (linguistic) elements could provoke a sense of space in a degree higher than 2D visual representation and no less than 3D visual simulations. Nevertheless, verbal and 3D visual elements seem to work in different ways in terms of cognitive behaviors: Verbal elements provoke visual imagery and other sensory perceptions by "imagining" and then excite personal experiences of space; visual elements, on the other hand, provoke and excite visual experiences of space directly by "mapping".Finally, it was found that participants with different academic training did experience and define space differently. For example, when experiencing and analyzing Internet spaces, architecture designers, the creators of the physical world, emphasize the design of circulation and orientation, while participants with linguistics training focus more on subtle language usage. Visual designers tend to analyze the graphical elements of virtual spaces based on traditional painting theories; industrial designers, on the other hand, tend to treat these spaces as industrial products, emphasizing concept of user-center and the control of the computer interface.The findings of this study seem to add new information to our understanding of virtual space. It would be interesting for future studies to investigate how this information influences architectural designers in their real-world practices in this digital age. In addition, to obtain a fuller picture of Internet space, further research is needed to study the same issue by examining more Internet participants who have no formal linguistics and graphical training.
series	AVOCAAD
email
last changed	2005/09/09 10:48

_id	41e5
authors	Abendroth, M., Decock, J. and Mestaoui, N.
year	2000
title	O_1:// the hypertextu(r)al matrix
source	SIGraDi’2000 - Construindo (n)o espacio digital (constructing the digital Space) [4th SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 85-88027-02-X] Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) 25-28 september 2000, pp. 75-76
summary	Founded in 1995 LAB[au], laboratory for architecture and urbanism, links theoretic research LAB[a+u] to concrete works of conception and realisations LA.BAU. LAB[au] elaborates a “hyperdesign” investigating the implications of new technologies of communication and computation in spatiotemporal and social processes and their forms of representation as architecture and urbanism. The transposition of the hypertext model to architectural and urban concepts question the mutation of the spatial and semantic construct of space. The definition of architecture as a code is based on “glocal” systems according to the processes of computation and communication.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	01c0
authors	Af Klercker, Jonas
year	2000
title	Modelling for Virtual Reality in Architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2000.209
source	Promise and Reality: State of the Art versus State of Practice in Computing for the Design and Planning Process [18th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-6-5] Weimar (Germany) 22-24 June 2000, pp. 209-213
summary	CAAD systems are using object modelling methods for building databases to make information available. Object data must then be made useful for many different purposes in the design process. Even if the capacity of the computer will allow an almost unlimited amount of information to be transformed, the eye does not make the transformations in the same “simple” mathematical way. Trained architects have to involve in an inventive process of finding ways to “harmonize” this new medium with the human eye and the architect’s professional experience. This paper will be an interimistic report from a surveying course. During the spring semester 2000 the CAAD division of TU-Lund is giving a course “Modelling for VR in Architecture”. The students are practising architects with experience from using object modelling CAAD. The aims are to survey different ways to use available hard- and software to create VR-models of pieces of architecture and evaluate them in desktop and CAVE environments. The architect is to do as much preparation work as possible with his CAAD program and only the final adjustments with the special VR tool.
keywords	CAAD, VR, Modelling, Spatial Experience
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.uni-weimar.de/ecaade/
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	9b44
authors	Ahmad Rafi, M.E. and Karboulonis, P.
year	2000
title	The Importance of Virtual Environments in the Design of Electronic Games and Their Relevance to Architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2000.181
source	Promise and Reality: State of the Art versus State of Practice in Computing for the Design and Planning Process [18th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-6-5] Weimar (Germany) 22-24 June 2000, pp. 181-185
summary	Ever increasing complexity in architectural design and the need to deliver a cost effective solution requires the employment and adoption of innovative design methods. Although technological changes have entered the field of architecture at a slower pace, the recent adoption of 3D modelling, Virtual Environment and multimedia represent significant changes in architectural design, visualisation and presentation. These now include tools for conceptualisation, design synthesis, design presentation, desktop publishing, animation, Internet and hypermedia authoring. Uddin argues that the major activities involved in the creative and dynamic process of architectural design deal with conceptualisation, visualisation and expression of alternative ideas through two-dimensional and three-dimensional model. This paper highlights the need for the employment of emerging computer based real-time interactive technologies that are expected to enhance the design process through better decision-making, higher quality communication and collaboration, error reduction, spatial awareness, interactive design and real-time visualisation.
keywords	CAD, Game Design, Virtual Reality, Virtual Environments, Virtual Prototyping, Internet Technologies, Architecture
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.uni-weimar.de/ecaade/
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	456a
authors	Alvarado, R.G., Parra, J.C., Vergara, R.L. and Chateau, H.B.
year	2000
title	Architectural References to Virtual Environments Design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2000.151
source	Promise and Reality: State of the Art versus State of Practice in Computing for the Design and Planning Process [18th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-6-5] Weimar (Germany) 22-24 June 2000, pp. 151-155
summary	Based on a comparison between the perception of digital and real construction, the development of virtual systems and the review of additional sources, this paper states some differences between the design of virtual environments and architectural spaces. Virtual-reality technologies provide advanced capabilities to simulate real situations, and also to create digital worlds not referred to physical places, such as imaginary landscapes or environments devoted to electronic activities, like entertainment, learning or commerce. Some on-line services already use 3D-stages, resembling building halls and domestic objects, and several authors have mentioned virtual modeling as a job opportunity to architects. But it will argue in this paper that the design of those environments should consider their own digital characteristics. Besides, the use of virtual installations on networks impells a convergence with global media, like Internet or TV. Virtual environments can be a 3Devolution of communicational technologies, which have an increasing participation in culture, reaching a closer relationship to contemporary architecture.
keywords	Virtual Environments, Spatial Perception, Design Methodology
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.uni-weimar.de/ecaade/
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	28f3
authors	Alvarado, R.G., Vildósola, G.V., Parra, J.C. and Jara, M.R.
year	2000
title	Creacion/Creatividad: Evaluando Diseños Arquitectónicos con Realidad Virtual (Creation/Creativity: Evaluating Architectural Designs by means of Virtual Reality)
source	SIGraDi’2000 - Construindo (n)o espacio digital (constructing the digital Space) [4th SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 85-88027-02-X] Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) 25-28 september 2000, pp. 243-246
summary	¿Can the computer improves the architectural creativity? This question is explored through a Virtual-Reality system developed for the modeling of timber structures, based on parametric elements, constructive programming and immersive visualization on real-time. Making experiences of evaluation with advanced students of architecture, whose use the system in the beginning of projects, compared with other group use not the system. This research faces the possibilities to rationalizate part of the creative process in architecture, broading the role of computer and its contribution to quality of design, and extending the possibilities to teach and share the creation of project. It is argue that major potential in this field is the swiftness, formal variety and spatial living of design, challenging the differences between objective and subjective.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	9d10
authors	Anders, Peter and Livingstone, Daniel
year	2001
title	STARS: Shared Transatlantic Augmented Reality System
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2001.350
source	Reinventing the Discourse - How Digital Tools Help Bridge and Transform Research, Education and Practice in Architecture [Proceedings of the Twenty First Annual Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Design in Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-10-1] Buffalo (New York) 11-14 October 2001, pp. 350-355
summary	Since October 2000 the authors have operated a laboratory, the Shared Transatlantic Augmented Reality System (STARS), for exploring telepresence in the domestic environment. The authors, an artist and an architect, are conducting a series of experiments to test their hypotheses concerning mixed reality and supportive environments. This paper describes these hypotheses, the purpose and construction of the lab, and preliminary results from the ongoing collaboration.
keywords	Mixed Reality, Cybrid, Art, Cyberspace, CAiiA-STAR
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	fbcb
authors	Anders, Peter
year	2000
title	Places of Mind: Implications of Narrative Space for the Architecture of Information Environments
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2000.085
source	Eternity, Infinity and Virtuality in Architecture [Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Design in Architecture / 1-880250-09-8] Washington D.C. 19-22 October 2000, pp. 85-89
summary	Virtual reality and cyberspace are extended spaces of the mind different from, yet related to, the spaces of fiction and ancient myth. These earlier spaces reveal how electronic media, too, may come to define our selves and our culture. Indeed, a better understanding of how we use space to think can lead to the design of better information environments. This paper will describe a range of traditional narrative spaces, revealing their varied relationships with the physical world. It will demonstrate the purposes of such spaces and how their function changes with their level of abstraction. A concluding review of current technologies will show how electronic environments carry on the traditions of these spaces in serving our cultural and psychological needs.
keywords	Cyberspace, Narrative, Space, Anthropic Cyberspace, Cybrids
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	6559
authors	Barrionuevo, Luis F. and Borsetti, Ricardo
year	2001
title	LA POTENCIALIDAD ESPACIAL DE LOS "SPIROLATERALS" EN LA ARQUITECTURA (The Spacial Potential of the "Spirolaterals" in Architecture)
source	SIGraDi biobio2001 - [Proceedings of the 5th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics / ISBN 956-7813-12-4] Concepcion (Chile) 21-23 november 2001, pp. 74-76
summary	“Spirolaterals” (Odds, 1973) are mathematical entities created by drawing a set of lines, the first at a unit length, then each additional line increasing by a value of certain longitude while turning a constant or variable direction. (Krawczyk, 2000) The objective of this work is to propose the use of spirolaterals as a geometric support to produce preliminary alternatives for architectural layouts. A computation program is implemented to demonstrate the automatic production of spatial spirolaterals: spirospace, and images of results are exposed.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	eaea2003_21-ws-bartik
id	eaea2003_21-ws-bartik
authors	Bartik, R.
year	2004
title	The Model of the Town Hradec Kralove 2000
source	Spatial Simulation and Evaluation - New Tools in Architectural and Urban Design [Proceedings of the 6th European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 80-227-2088-7], pp. 103-105
summary	The work on this model is a unique case not only with regard to its extent but predominantly to the implementation of the most up-to-date model production technologies developed on the basis of research activities in the Institute of Model Design, Faculty of Architecture, Czech Technical University in Prague. The construction of the 2000 HK model was ordered on the basis of tender by the Municipality Office of Hradec Králové – Department of the Architect on occasion of the 775th anniversary of the town’s foundation.
series	EAEA
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

_id	bbb9
authors	Blaise, Jean-Yves and Dudek, Iwona
year	1999
title	SOL: Spatial and Historical Web-Based Interface for On Line Architectural Documentation of Krakow's Rynek Gowny
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.1999.700
source	Architectural Computing from Turing to 2000 [eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-5-7] Liverpool (UK) 15-17 September 1999, pp. 700-707
summary	Our paper presents recent developments of a co-operation program that links the MAP-GAMSAU CNRS laboratory (Marseilles, France), specialised in computer science and the HAiKZ Institute of Krakow's Faculty of Architecture, specialised in architectural heritage and conservation. Before undertaking any action to a listed building or interventions in its neighbourhood, it is vital to gain a clear understanding of the building in question. Numerous heterogeneous data detained by diverse institutions has to be handled. This process can be greatly eased by enhanced classification of the information. The development we present is a multidisciplinary platform independent information tool dedicated to education and research. SOL uses an http protocol centred computer architecture connecting a relational database, a VRML 2.0 representation module and a web search interface. It allows searches and updating of the database through a standard text based interface, a VRML 2.0 graphical module and a thematic interface. SOL is experienced on the urban fabric of the Main Square (Rynek Gówny) in Kraków. The choice of a web-centred development, both in the search and updating interface and in the representation module provides platform independence and distant access to the database, and enables successive contributions of students or researchers.
keywords	Web Interface, Database, Architectural Heritage Environment, Information Module, Historical Evolutions
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://alberti.gamsau.archi.fr
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	b4bb
authors	Bonet, Adrian
year	2000
title	Arquitectura Virtual y Ciberarquitectura (Virtual Architecture and Cyber Architecture)
source	SIGraDi’2000 - Construindo (n)o espacio digital (constructing the digital Space) [4th SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 85-88027-02-X] Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) 25-28 september 2000, pp. 113-114
summary	Activities which involve mainly the transfer of information, such as listening to music or attending a class, will eventually be better accomplished through non-material media. Telecommunication media such as the Internet or cyberspace, as they develop and become more useful, will tend to improve their interfaces, making them more natural and easy to use, and lead to the conclusion that in a near future virtual environments and buildings will be constructed in cyberspace. These will be of two kinds those that imitate reality, and those that take advantage of the intrinsic qualities of cyberspace.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	9384
authors	Burry, M., Datta, S. and Anson, S.
year	2000
title	Introductory Computer Programming as a Means for Extending Spatial and Temporal Understanding
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2000.129
source	Eternity, Infinity and Virtuality in Architecture [Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Design in Architecture / 1-880250-09-8] Washington D.C. 19-22 October 2000, pp. 129-135
summary	Should computer programming be taught within schools of architecture? Incorporating even low-level computer programming within architectural education curricula is a matter of debate but we have found it useful to do so for two reasons: as an introduction or at least a consolidation of the realm of descriptive geometry and in providing an environment for experimenting in morphological time-based change. Mathematics and descriptive geometry formed a significant proportion of architectural education until the end of the 19th century. This proportion has declined in contemporary curricula, possibly at some cost for despite major advances in automated manufacture, Cartesian measurement is still the principal ‘language’ with which to describe building for construction purposes. When computer programming is used as a platform for instruction in logic and spatial representation, the waning interest in mathematics as a basis for spatial description can be readdressed using a left-field approach. Students gain insights into topology, Cartesian space and morphology through programmatic form finding, as opposed to through direct manipulation. In this context, it matters to the architect-programmer how the program operates more than what it does. This paper describes an assignment where students are given a figurative conceptual space comprising the three Cartesian axes with a cube at its centre. Six Phileban solids mark the Cartesian axial limits to the space. Any point in this space represents a hybrid of one, two or three transformations from the central cube towards the various Phileban solids. Students are asked to predict the topological and morphological outcomes of the operations. Through programming, they become aware of morphogenesis and hybridisation. Here we articulate the hypothesis above and report on the outcome from a student group, whose work reveals wider learning opportunities for architecture students in computer programming than conventionally assumed.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	3d30
authors	Castañé, D., Dehó, C. and Tessier, C.
year	2000
title	Consecuencias y Alcances de los Procesos de Modelizacion: Una visión pedagógica-experimental del desarrollo de imágenes virtuales (Consequences and Potentiality of Modeling Processes : A pedagogical-experimental Vision on the Development of Virtual Images)
source	SIGraDi’2000 - Construindo (n)o espacio digital (constructing the digital Space) [4th SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 85-88027-02-X] Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) 25-28 september 2000, pp. 292-294
summary	The proposal is a discussion of the present limits offered by the modeling systems used in the educational environment. The perception of the space in the Renaissance period (Benevolo 92) and the multidimensional spaces observed in several design experiments (Bermúdez-Neiman 98), (Schmitt 99), (Eisenman 99) allow us to infer that the applications of 3D modeling procedures, has a vast spectrum of possibilities It is possible to distinguish six operative gradients according to the level of complexity when representing 3D spatial organization in architecture, according the architecture design strategy using Takes in consideration the factors that affects the “simulation” of reality according to several perceptive conditions that could alter the conventional visions of the 3D models.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:48

_id	36ab
authors	Chiu, M.-L., Lin, Y.-T., Tseng, K.-W. and Chen, C.-H.
year	2000
title	Museum of Interface. Designing the Virtual Environment
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2000.471
source	CAADRIA 2000 [Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 981-04-2491-4] Singapore 18-19 May 2000, pp. 471-480
summary	A virtual environment (VE) has been designed for functioning as a three-dimensional interface to a repository of images and sounds. This paper attempts to study design interface in VEs. This study first examines the characteristics of VEs. The difference between physical and virtual environments is also studied. The relationship between both is classified as three types, i.e. complement, replacement, or independence. Then it establishes the design interface in VEs, and presents an experimental project, the virtual architecture museum (VAM). Four elements of VEs are highlighted, i.e. wayfinding, linkage, context, and atmosphere. In VAM, the interface is implemented on the web and is integrated with an architectural database. It is found that the appropriateness of design interface can enhance the users' spatial awareness, and consequently facilitate the task of navigation and wayfinding within VEs. The context and atmosphere of VEs can be defined by means of simile or metaphor through the visual or acoustic experience for gaining senses of a place.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ga0007
id	ga0007
authors	Coates, Paul and Miranda, Pablo
year	2000
title	Swarm modelling. The use of Swarm Intelligence to generate architectural form
source	International Conference on Generative Art
summary	.neither the human purposes nor the architect's method are fully known in advance. Consequently, if this interpretation of the architectural problem situation is accepted, any problem-solving technique that relies on explicit problem definition, on distinct goal orientation, on data collection, or even on non-adaptive algorithms will distort the design process and the human purposes involved.' Stanford Anderson, "Problem-Solving and Problem-Worrying". The works concentrates in the use of the computer as a perceptive device, a sort of virtual hand or "sense", capable of prompting an environment. From a set of data that conforms the environment (in this case the geometrical representation of the form of the site) this perceptive device is capable of differentiating and generating distinct patterns in its behavior, patterns that an observer has to interpret as meaningful information. As Nicholas Negroponte explains referring to the project GROPE in his Architecture Machine: 'In contrast to describing criteria and asking the machine to generate physical form, this exercise focuses on generating criteria from physical form.' 'The onlooking human or architecture machine observes what is "interesting" by observing GROPE's behavior rather than by receiving the testimony that this or that is "interesting".' The swarm as a learning device. In this case the work implements a Swarm as a perceptive device. Swarms constitute a paradigm of parallel systems: a multitude of simple individuals aggregate in colonies or groups, giving rise to collaborative behaviors. The individual sensors can't learn, but the swarm as a system can evolve in to more stable states. These states generate distinct patterns, a result of the inner mechanics of the swarm and of the particularities of the environment. The dynamics of the system allows it to learn and adapt to the environment; information is stored in the speed of the sensors (the more collisions, the slower) that acts as a memory. The speed increases in the absence of collisions and so providing the system with the ability to forget, indispensable for differentiation of information and emergence of patterns. The swarm is both a perceptive and a spatial phenomenon. For being able to Interact with an environment an observer requires some sort of embodiment. In the case of the swarm, its algorithms for moving, collision detection, and swarm mechanics conform its perceptive body. The way this body interacts with its environment in the process of learning and differentiation of spatial patterns constitutes also a spatial phenomenon. The enactive space of the Swarm. Enaction, a concept developed by Maturana and Varela for the description of perception in biological terms, is the understanding of perception as the result of the structural coupling of an environment and an observer. Enaction does not address cognition in the currently conventional sense as an internal manipulation of extrinsic 'information' or 'signals', but as the relation between environment and observer and the blurring of their identities. Thus, the space generated by the swarm is an enactive space, a space without explicit description, and an invention of the swarm-environment structural coupling. If we consider a gestalt as 'Some property -such as roundness- common to a set of sense data and appreciated by organisms or artefacts' (Gordon Pask), the swarm is also able to differentiate space 'gestalts' or spaces of some characteristics, such as 'narrowness', or 'fluidness' etc. Implicit surfaces and the wrapping algorithm. One of the many ways of describing this space is through the use of implicit surfaces. An implicit surface may be imagined as an infinitesimally thin band of some measurable quantity such as color, density, temperature, pressure, etc. Thus, an implicit surface consists of those points in three-space that satisfy some particular requirement. This allows as to wrap the regions of space where a difference of quantity has been produced, enclosing the spaces in which some particular events in the history of the Swarm have occurred. The wrapping method allows complex topologies, such as manifoldness in one continuous surface. It is possible to transform the information generated by the swarm in to a landscape that is the result of the particular reading of the site by the swarm. Working in real time. Because of the complex nature of the machine, the only possible way to evaluate the resulting behavior is in real time. For this purpose specific applications had to be developed, using OpenGL for the Windows programming environment. The package consisted on translators from DXF format to a specific format used by these applications and viceversa, the Swarm "engine", a simulated parallel environment, and the Wrapping programs, to generate the implicit surfaces. Different versions of each had been produced, in different stages of development of the work.
series	other
email
more	http://www.generativeart.com/
last changed	2003/08/07 17:25

_id	ga0020
id	ga0020
authors	Codignola, G.Matteo
year	2000
title	[Title missing]
source	International Conference on Generative Art
summary	This paper is a summary of my last degree in architecture (discussed in December 1999) with Prof. Celestino Soddu and Prof. Enrica Colabella. In this work I had the possibility to reach complexity by a generative approach with the construction of a paradigm that organizes the different codes of project identity. My general objective was to design shape complexity in variable categories : 3d space surfaces, 2d drawings and 2d textures. I was to discover the identity of one of my favourite architects of the 20th century : Antoni Gaudì, by constructing codes relative to shape complexity. I defined my particular objective in the possibility to abduct from Gaudì's imaginary reference the generatives codes that operate in the logical processing I use to create a possible species project. The next step was to verify the exact working of the new generative codes by means of 3d scenaries, that are recognizable as "Antoni Gaudì specie's architecture". Whit project processing on the generative codes and not on a possible resulting shape design, I was able to organize by my general paradigm the attributes of the project's species : different shapes, different attributes (color, scale, proportion), to get to possible and different scenarys, all recognizable by the relative class codes. I chose three examples in Barcellona built during the period 1902 to 1914 : The Parco Guell, Casa Batllò and Casa Milà are the three reference sceneryes that I used to create the generative codes. In the second step I defined different codes that operate in sequence (it is defined in the paradigm) : The generatives codes are only subjective; they are one possible solution of my interpretation of Antoni Gaudì's identity. This codes operate in four differents ways : Geometrical codes for 2d shapes Geometrical codes for interface relations Spatial codes for 3d extrusion of 2d shapes Geometrical codes for 2d and 3d texturing of generated surfaces. By a stratified application of this codes I arrived at one idea for all the generative processes but many different, possible scenaryes, all recognizable in Gaudì's species. So, my final result has made possible sceneryes belonging to related species defined previously. At the end of my research I designed a project by combination : using Antoni Gaudì's generative codes on a new 3d scenary with a shape catalyst : the Frank Lloyd Wright Guggenheim Museum of New York. In this process I created a "hybrid scenary" : a new species of architectural look; a Guggenheim museum planned by Wright with a god pinch of Gaudì.
series	other
email
more	http://www.generativeart.com/
last changed	2003/08/07 17:25

_id	9403
authors	De Carvalho, Silvana Sá
year	2000
title	A Telemática e o Meio Técnico- Científico-Informacional: Um Olhar sobre o Urbano (Telematics and Technical Scientific-Information Environment: An Urban View)
source	SIGraDi’2000 - Construindo (n)o espacio digital (constructing the digital Space) [4th SIGRADI Conference Proceedings / ISBN 85-88027-02-X] Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) 25-28 september 2000, pp. 160-162
summary	The instantaneous nature of globalized information has brought places closer together and homogenized space, eliminating regional differences. Contemporary urban architecture and the technical-scientific- informational quality of the human-made environment innovates the rationality of the dominant actors in society. The field of telecommunications has developed substantially in the last 30 years, and today we are participants in a digital era, that has not only shortened distances but revolutionized the concepts of time and space. Telematics is a fundamental element of cities at the end of the millennium and has become a new instrument of social control. Electronic vigilance systems, as an application of telematics, are now widely used in cities, and a new urban space is being configured based on this dynamic. This paper is an introductory essay on the topic, which is essential in the understanding of urban spatial dynamics, and its objective is to point out fields for future research.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:50

_id	6c45
authors	Drewe, Paul
year	2000
title	In Search of New Concepts of Physical and Virtual Space
source	CORP 2000, Vienna, pp. 37-44
summary	Physical space is the material object of spatial planning and urbanism. It comprises, traditionally, zonesadapted to activities and channels of communication providing links between zones, catering to transport. Orvarious types of buildings, if one includes architecture. Virtual space opened by ICT, still is less familiar. Itis, after all, "no more than abstract flows of electronic signals, coded as information, representation andexchange" (Graham). This partly explains the frequent use of metaphors to describe it, among them spatialmetaphors (Graham, 1997). In dealing with the interactions between physical and virtual space, spatialmetaphors tend to obscure the issues and therefore better be avoided.Physical and virtual space must be defined as distinct entities. After all, only utopians believe in urbandissolution with all information supposed to become available at all times and places to all people. What arethe most important interactions between physical and virtual space?
series	other
email
more	www.corp.at
last changed	2002/12/19 12:15

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