Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

PDF papers
References

Hits 1 to 20 of 708

Reformat results as: short short into frame detailed detailed into frame

_id	625d
authors	Liapi, Katherine A.
year	2001
title	Geometric Configuration and Graphical Representation of Spherical Tensegrity Networks
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2001.258
source	Reinventing the Discourse - How Digital Tools Help Bridge and Transform Research, Education and Practice in Architecture [Proceedings of the Twenty First Annual Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Design in Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-10-1] Buffalo (New York) 11-14 October 2001, pp. 258-267
summary	The term “Tensegrity,” that describes mainly a structural concept, is used in building design to address a class of structures with very promising applications in architecture. Tensegrity structures are characterized by almost no separation between structural configuration and formal or architectural expression (Liapi 2000). In the last two decades structural and mechanical aspects in the design of these structures have been successfully addressed, while their intriguing morphology has inspired several artists and architects. Yet, very few real world applications of the tensegrity concept in architecture have been encountered. The geometric and topological complexity of tensegrity structures that is inherent to their structural and mechanical basis may account for significant difficulties in the study of their form and their limited application in building design. In this paper an efficient method for the generation of the geometry of spherical tensegrity networks is presented. The method is based on the integration of CAD tools with Descriptive Geometry procedures and allows designers to resolve and visualize the complex geometry of such structures.
keywords	Tensegrity Networks, Visualization, Geometric Configuration
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	cf2007_585
id	cf2007_585
authors	Fischer, Thomas
year	2007
title	Enablement or Restriction? On supporting others in making (sense of things)
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / 978-1-4020-6527-9 2007 [Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / 978-1-4020-6527-9] Sydney (Australia) 11–13 July 2007, pp. 585-598
summary	In this paper I present and reflect upon a five-year investigation of designing digital tools for designing in the area of architectural space grid structures. I understand design as a novelty and knowledge generating conversational process as described by Pask (see Scott 2001) and Glanville (2000). Furthermore, I regard making design tools as a design task in itself, rendering this paper a reflection on designing for designing. This paper gives a report on observations I made during the toolmaking study, and subsequently contextualizes these observations using second-order cybernetic theory. This reflection focuses on different relationships between observers and systems, on conditions under which observers construct knowledge and on limits of supporting others in this activity.
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2007/07/06 12:47

_id	cf2011_p115
id	cf2011_p115
authors	Pohl, Ingrid; Hirschberg Urs
year	2011
title	Sensitive Voxel - A reactive tangible surface
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 525-538.
summary	Haptic and tactile sensations, the active or passive exploration of our built surroundings through our sense of touch, give us a direct feeling and detailed information of space, a sense of architecture (Pallasmaa 2005). This paper presents the prototype of a reactive surface system, which focuses its output on the sense of touch. It explains how touch sensations influence the perception of architecture and discusses potential applications that might arise from such systems in the future. A growing number of projects demonstrate the strong impact of interaction design on the human senses and perception. They offer new ways of sensing and experiencing architectural space. But the majority of these interaction concepts focus on visual and auditory output-effects. The sense of touch is typically used as an input generator, but neglected as as a potential receiver of stimuli. With all the possibilities of sensors and micro-devices available nowadays, there is no longer a technical reason for this. It is possible to explore a much wider range of sense responding projects, to broaden the horizon of sensitive interaction concepts (Bullivant 2006). What if the surfaces of our surroundings can actively change the way it feels to touch them? What if things like walls and furniture get the ability to interactively respond to our touch? What new dimensions of communication and esthetic experience will open up when we conceive of tangibility in this bi-directional way? This paper presents a prototype system aimed at exploring these very questions. The prototype consists of a grid of tangible embedded cells, each one combining three kinds of actuators to produce divergent touch stimuli. All cells can be individually controlled from an interactive computer program. By providing a layering of different combinations and impulse intensities, the grid structure enables altering patterns of actuation. Thus it can be employed to explore a sort of individual touch aesthetic, for which - in order to differentiate it from established types of aesthetic experiences - we have created the term 'Euhaptics' (from the Greek ŒµœÖ = good and Œ¨œÄœÑœâ = touch, finger). The possibility to mix a wide range of actuators leads to blending options of touch stimuli. The sense of touch has an expanded perception- spectrum, which can be exploited by this technically embedded superposition. The juxtaposed arrangement of identical multilayered cell-units offers blending and pattern effects of different touch-stimuli. It reveals an augmented form of interaction with surfaces and interactive material structures. The combination of impulses does not need to be fixed a priori; it can be adjusted during the process of use. Thus the sensation of touch can be made personally unique in its qualities. The application on architectural shapes and surfaces allows the user to feel the sensations in a holistic manner ‚Äì potentially on the entire body. Hence the various dimensions of touch phenomena on the skin can be explored through empirical investigations by the prototype construction. The prototype system presented in the paper is limited in size and resolution, but its functionality suggests various directions of further development. In architectural applications, this new form of overlay may lead to create augmented environments that let inhabitants experience multimodal touch sensations. By interactively controlling the sensual patterns, such environments could get a unique ‚Äútouch‚Äù for every person that inhabit them. But there may be further applications that go beyond the interactive configuration of comfort, possibly opening up new forms of communication for handicapped people or applications in medical and therapeutic fields (Grunwald 2001). The well-known influence of touch- sensations on human psychological processes and moreover their bodily implications suggest that there is a wide scope of beneficial utilisations yet to be investigated.
keywords	Sensitive Voxel- A reactive tangible surface
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	3220
authors	Lartigue, C. Thiebaut, F. and Maekawa, T.
year	2001
title	CNC tool path in terms of B-spline curves
source	Computer-Aided Design, Vol. 33 (4) (2001) pp. 307-319
summary	We present an accurate and efficient method to generate a CNC tool path for a smooth free-form surface in terms of planar cubic B-spline curves which will be fed into afree-form curve interpolator. We assume the use of a three-axis CNC machine tool with a ball end-mill cutter. We first interpolate break points, which are generated bycomputing the offset surface-driving plane intersection curve reflecting the curvature, by a planar cubic B-spline curve. We then evaluate the maximum scallop height alonga scallop curve by computing the stationary points of the distance function between the scallop curve and the design surface. Furthermore, we compute the maximum pickfeed such that the maximum scallop height along a scallop curve coincides with the prescribed tolerance. Illustrative examples show the substantial improvements this methodachieves over conventional methods where the tool path consists of linear or circular paths.
keywords	Free-Form Curve Interpolator, CNC Machine Tool, Pick Feed, Scallop Height, Tool Path, Offset Surface
series	journal paper
email
last changed	2003/05/15 21:33

_id	afe6
authors	Funkhouser, Thomas
year	2001
title	Modeling acoustics in virtual environments using the uniform theory of diffraction
source	Siggraph 2001
summary	Realistic modeling of reverberant sound in 3D virtual worlds provides users with important cues for localizing sound sources and understanding spatial properties of the environment. Unfortunately, current geometric acoustic modeling systems do not accurately simulate reverberant sound. Instead, they model only direct transmission and specular reflection, while diffraction is either ignored or modeled through statistical approximation. However, diffraction is important for correct interpretation of acoustic environments, especially when the direct path between sound source and receiver is occluded. The Uniform Theory of Diffraction (UTD) extends geometrical acoustics with diffraction phenomena: illuminated edges become secondary sources of diffracted rays that in turn may propagate through the environment. In this paper, we propose an efficient way for computing the acoustical effect of diffraction paths using the UTD for deriving secondary diffracted rays and associated diffraction coefficients. Our main contributions are: 1) a beam tracing method for enumerating sequences of diffracting edges efficiently and without aliasing in densely occluded polyhedral environments; 2) a practical approximation to the simulated sound field in which diffraction is considered only in shadow regions; and 3) a real-time auralization system demonstrating that diffraction dramatically improves the quality of spatialized sound in virtual environments.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	0b8e
authors	Martini, Kirk
year	2001
title	Non-linear Structural Analysis as Real-Time Animation Borrowing from the Arcade
source	Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures [ISBN 0-7923-7023-6] Eindhoven, 8-11 July 2001, pp. 643-656
summary	The paper describes a computational method commonly used in interactive computer graphics and games, and demonstrates its application to structural engineering problems, using a prototype program called Arcade. The method enables a new model of interaction in structural analysis, where the simulated structure responds to user input in real time, in the same way that computer games respond. The method shows good engineering accuracy in simple verification problems involving the non-linear phenomena of buckling and beam yielding. The method offers the potential to make non-linear, timehistory analysis a much more common method in engineering practice, and to bring a greater emphasis on non-linear, dynamic structural behaviour in structural education.
keywords	Structural Analysis, Interactive Design, Animation
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2006/11/07 07:22

_id	avocaad_2001_13
id	avocaad_2001_13
authors	Alexander Koutamanis
year	2001
title	Modeling irregular and complex forms
source	AVOCAAD - ADDED VALUE OF COMPUTER AIDED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Nys Koenraad, Provoost Tom, Verbeke Johan, Verleye Johan (Eds.), (2001) Hogeschool voor Wetenschap en Kunst - Departement Architectuur Sint-Lucas, Campus Brussel, ISBN 80-76101-05-1
summary	Computational technologies provide arguably the first real opportunity architectural design has had for a comprehensive description of built form. With the advent of affordable computer-aided design systems (including drafting, modeling, visualization and simulation tools), architects believe they can be in full control of geometric aspects and, through these, of a wide spectrum of other aspects that are implicit or explicit in the geometric representation. This belief is based primarily on the efficiency and effectiveness of computer systems, ranging from the richness and adaptability of geometric primitives to the utility of geometric representations in simulations of climatic aspects. Such capabilities support attempts to design and construct more irregular or otherwise complex forms. These fall under two main categories: (1) parsing of irregularity into elementary components, and (2) correlation of the form of a building with complex geometric structures.The first category takes advantage of the compactness and flexibility of computational representations in order to analyse the form of a design into basic elements, usually elementary geometric primitives. These are either arranged into simple, unconstrained configurations or related to each other by relationships that define e.g. parametric relative positioning or Boolean combinations. In both cases the result is a reduction of local complexity and an increase of implicit or explicit relationships, including the possibility of hierarchical structures.The second category attempts to correlate built form with constraints that derive usually from construction but can also be morphological. The correlation determines the applicability of complex geometric structures (minimally ruled surfaces) to the description of a design. The product of this application is generally variable in quality, depending upon the designer's grounding in geometry and his ability to integrate constraints from different aspects in the definition of the design's geometry.Both categories represent a potential leap forward but are also equally hampered by the rigidity of the implementation mechanisms upon which they rely heavily. The paper proposes an approach to making these mechanisms subordinate to the cognitive and technical aspects of architectural thinking through fuzzy modeling. This way of modeling involves a combination of (a) canonical forms, (b) tolerances around canonical forms and positions, (c) minimal and maximal values, (d) fuzzy boundaries, and (e) plastic interaction between elements based on the dual principles of local intelligence and autonomy. Fuzzy models come therefore closer to the intuitive manners of sketching, while facilitating transition to precise and complex forms. The paper presents two applications of fuzzy modeling. The first concerns the generation of schematic building layouts, including adaptive control of programmatic requirements. The second is a system for designing stairs that can adapt themselves to changes in their immediate environment through a fuzzy definition of geometric and topological parametrization.
series	AVOCAAD
email
last changed	2005/09/09 10:48

_id	7c56
authors	Alvarado, R.G., Parra Marquez, J.C. and Vildosola, G.V.
year	2001
title	Qualitative contribution of a vr-system to architectural design: Why we failed?
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2001.423
source	CAADRIA 2001 [Proceedings of the Sixth Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 1-86487-096-6] Sydney 19-21 April 2001, pp. 423-427
summary	The paper exposes the development of a Virtual-Reality system for modeling timber structures, and evaluations with students about its contribution to the architectural project.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	22ec
authors	Bechthold, Martin
year	2001
title	Complex shapes in wood: Computer-aided design and manufacture of wood-sandwich roof shells
source	Harvard University
summary	Computer-Aided-Design, Engineering and Manufacturing (CAD/CAE/CAM) technology has changed the way consumer products, automobiles or airplanes are designed and made. The emerging applications for CAD/CAE/CAM technology in architecture, and the way this technology impacts how we design and construct the built environment, are yet unclear. This thesis investigates the relation between advanced digital design tools and the making of physical objects by focusing on an exemplary architectural element—wooden roof shells. The research objective is to expand the scope of architectural design through the application of CAD/CAE/CAM technology rather than to use this technology to streamline existing processes. The thesis develops a specific technical solution that allows the design and manufacture of new types of wooden roof shells. These are complexly shaped multifunctional construction elements that are manufactured off-site. Based on the close connection between digital design tools and the new Computer-Numerically-Controlled manufacturing process the author proposes a theoretical model of shared digital environments for collaborative design in architecture. The proposed manufacturing process treats wood as a modern composite material. Thin wood strips and foams combine into structural sandwich panels that can then be joined into a roof shell. The geometrically complex panels are generated by a combination of subtractive Computer-Numerically-Controlled machining processes and manual work. Infrastructure elements can be embedded into the sandwich build-up in order to enhance the functionality of the roof as a building envelope. Numerical tools are proposed that allow the determination of manufacturing-related parameters in the digital design environment. These inform the architectural and structural design in the early design phases. The digital collaborative design environment is based on a shared parametric solid model and an associated database. This collectively owned, feature-based design model is employed throughout the design and manufacturing process and constitutes the means of concurrent design coordination of all participants. The new manufacturing process for wood/foam sandwich shells is verified by designing and manufacturing prototypes. Design guidelines and a cost estimation are presented as the practical basis for architects and engineers to incorporate new types of roof shells into architectural projects.
keywords	Architecture; Agriculture; Wood Technology; Design and Decorative Arts
series	thesis:PhD
last changed	2003/02/12 22:37

_id	0f49
authors	Burry, M., Coulson, J., Preston, J. and Rutherford, E.
year	2001
title	Computer-aided design decision support: interfacing knowledge and information
source	Automation in Construction 10 (2) (2001) pp. 203-215
summary	Computer-aided design decision support has proved to be an elusive and intangible project for many researchers as they seek to encapsulate information and knowledge-based systems as useful multifunctional data structures. Definitions of `knowledge', `information', `facts', and `data' become semantic footballs in the struggle to identify what designers actually do, and what level of support would suit them best, and how that support might be offered. The Construction Primer is a database-drivable interactive multimedia environment that provides readily updated access to many levels of information aimed to suit students and practitioners alike. This is hardly a novelty in itself. The innovative interface and metadata structures, however, combine with the willingness of national building control legislators, standards authorities, materials producers, building research organisations, and specification services to make the Construction Primer a versatile design decision support vehicle. It is both compatible with most working methodologies while remaining reasonably future-proof. This paper describes the structure of the project and highlights the importance of sound planning and strict adhesion to library-standard metadata protocols as a means to avoid the support becoming too specific or too paradigmatic.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:22

_id	6473
authors	Caneparo, Luca and Robiglio, Matteo
year	2001
title	Evolutionary Automata for Suburban Form Simulation
source	Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures [ISBN 0-7923-7023-6] Eindhoven, 8-11 July 2001, pp. 767-780
summary	The paper outlines a research project to develop a dynamic simulation of suburbanization processes. The approach to simulating suburban form relies on modelling different interacting processes on various scales. Two layered models are implemented, the Socio-Economic and Zoning model and the Suburban Form model, respectively by means of cellular automata and genetic programming. The Socio-Economic and Zoning model simulates exogenous factors and endogenous processes of large-scale suburban dynamics. The model approximates the area by means of a rectangular grid to the scale of hundred meters. The Suburban Form model uses a smaller grid, to the scale of meters, and is three-dimensional. The resulting dynamic, 3D, fine-scale model will create scenarios of suburban growth, allowing evaluation of their consequences on built environment and landscape.
keywords	Urban Morphology, Model Based Design Support System, Urban Design, Landscape, Genetic Programming, Cellular Automata
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2006/11/07 07:22

_id	80f7
authors	Carrara, G., Fioravanti, A. and Novembri, G.
year	2001
title	Knowledge-based System to Support Architectural Design - Intelligent objects, project net-constraints, collaborative work
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2001.080
source	Architectural Information Management [19th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-8-1] Helsinki (Finland) 29-31 August 2001, pp. 80-85
summary	The architectural design business is marked by a progressive increase in operators all cooperating towards the realization of building structures and complex infrastructures (Jenckes, 1997). This type of design implies the simultaneous activity of specialists in different fields, often working a considerable distance apart, on increasingly distributed design studies. Collaborative Architectural Design comprises a vast field of studies that embraces also these sectors and problems. To mention but a few: communication among operators in the building and design sector; design process system logic architecture; conceptual structure of the building organism; building component representation; conflict identification and management; sharing of knowledge; and also, user interface; global evaluation of solutions adopted; IT definition of objects; inter-object communication (in the IT sense). The point of view of the research is that of the designers of the architectural artefact (Simon, 1996); its focus consists of the relations among the various design operators and among the latter and the information exchanged: the Building Objects. Its primary research goal is thus the conceptual structure of the building organism for the purpose of managing conflicts and developing possible methods of resolving them.
keywords	Keywords. Collaborative Design, Architectural And Building Knowledge, Distributed Knowledge Bases, Information Management, Multidisciplinarity
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	c10f
authors	Chase, Scott C. and Liew, PakSan
year	2001
title	A framework for redesign using FBS models and grammar adaptation
source	Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures [ISBN 0-7923-7023-6] Eindhoven, 8-11 July 2001, pp. 467-477
summary	This paper describes a framework for redesign. Stylistic change in the form of rule modification is used to transform grammars to produce designs conforming to new requirements. The mechanism that enables this modification is based on the Function-Behaviour-Structure (FBS) model of design. The framework provides a formal mechanism for redesign and defines a means to generate and link structures with different behaviour and functions within the FBS model of design. Redesign of a wall illustrates this framework.
keywords	Redesign, Stylistic Change, Feature Grammars, Function-Behaviour-Structure Models
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2006/11/07 07:22

_id	b534
authors	Chase, Scott C. and Liew, Paksan
year	2001
title	A Systematic Method for Redesign - Using function, behaviour and structure to facilitate grammar transformation
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2001.018
source	Architectural Information Management [19th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-8-1] Helsinki (Finland) 29-31 August 2001, pp. 18-24
summary	We present a formal framework for redesign. Stylistic change, defined by grammar rule modifications, serves as the basis for rule replacement with ones that produce designs satisfying revised requirements. Each grammar rule has an associated description that adds functional or behavioural information to the geometric representation of the design using Function-Behaviour-Structure representations. This method provides a formal mechanism for redesign and defines a means to generate and link structures with different behaviour and functions within the FBS model of design. We demonstrate this with an example of redesign of a wall responding to changing functional requirements, and also discuss its usage in other types of redesign problems.
keywords	Redesign, Design Grammars, Function-Behaviour-Structure Models, Feature Based Design
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	f97e
authors	Commission of the European Communities
year	2001
title	The e-learning action plan: designing tomorrow’s education
source	Communication from the Commission to the Council and the EuropeanParliament, COM(2001) 172 final, 28 March 2001
summary	The "eLearning: Designing tomorrow's education" initiative1 was adopted by the European Commission on 24 May 2000. Following up the conclusions of the Lisbon European Council, it set out the principles, objectives and lines of action of eLearning, defined as the use of new multimedia technologies and the Internet to improve the quality of learning by facilitating access to resources and services as well as remote exchanges and collaboration. The eLearning initiative was welcomed by the Ministers of Education and by the Feira European Council in June 2000. The eLearning initiative is part of the comprehensive eEurope Action Plan2, the aim of which is to allow Europe to exploit its strengths and overcome the barriers holding back the uptake of digital technologies. It also falls in with the Report on the concrete future objectives of education systems3 by adopting information and communication technology development as one of its objectives. The effectiveness of education systems depends entirely on the effectiveness of the approaches to teaching and learning. In order to be effective, the introduction of information and communication technologies will have to be accompanied by a far-reaching reorganisation of learning structures. The eLearning initiative is also of relevance for the candidate countries given the interest they have shown for the eEurope action plan.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	8ff1
authors	Cáceres Jara, Hugo
year	2001
title	EL COLOR DIGITAL EN EL DISEÑO DE TESELACIONES PERIODICAS (The Digital Color in the Design of Periodical Teselations)
source	SIGraDi biobio2001 - [Proceedings of the 5th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics / ISBN 956-7813-12-4] Concepcion (Chile) 21-23 november 2001, pp. 64-66
summary	The present study of fundamentally exploratory type tries to examine the distribution of the color in the structures of repetition designed according to the Mathematical Theory of the Tessellations and inspired in the grafphic work of the artist holandes M.C.Escher. The results reached are product of the exercises pedagogicos carried out in the catedra of design of the color of the Design Workshop I, Universidad del Bío-Bío, among the years 1996 and 2000 to pursue a design graphic degree.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:50

_id	a3e8
authors	Economou, Athanassios
year	2001
title	Four Algebraic Structures In Design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2001.192
source	Reinventing the Discourse - How Digital Tools Help Bridge and Transform Research, Education and Practice in Architecture [Proceedings of the Twenty First Annual Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Design in Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-10-1] Buffalo (New York) 11-14 October 2001, pp. 192-201
summary	A constructive program for the generation of three-dimensional languages of designs based on nested group structures is outlined.
keywords	Computational Design, Symmetry, Group Theory, Shape Grammars, VRML
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	e3c6
authors	Gatermann, Harald and Czerner, Juergen
year	2001
title	MESA: MODULAR EDUCATING SYSTEM FOR ARCHITECTURE
source	SIGraDi biobio2001 - [Proceedings of the 5th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics / ISBN 956-7813-12-4] Concepcion (Chile) 21-23 november 2001, pp. 221-223
summary	Similar structures in world-wide architectural education enable a huge global database of teaching elements, filled with copyright-free multimedia-data (digital photographs and videos, 3D-cad-details, . . . ), used by teachers and students worldwide and at any time. This idea is not revolutionary, but the idea must be realised - so this congress will be a catalyst for distributing the idea and to encourage schools and teachers worldwide to feed the database, to use and to improve it!
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	3847
authors	Gattis, Merideth
year	2001
title	Space as a Basis for Reasoning
source	J. S. Gero, B. Tversky and T. Purcell (eds), 2001, Visual and Spatial Reasoning in Design, II - Key Centre of Design Computing and Cognition, University of Sydney, Australia
summary	We use space as a basis for reasoning whenever we use aspatial representation of a nonspatial concept to make decisions orinferences. From a psychological perspective, our tendency to create andreason fluidly from spatial models is somewhat surprising, becauseusing a spatial model to reason involves creating correspondencesbetween two semantically unrelated concepts: space, and something thatisn’t space, whether that be time, performance, or the desirability of anew job. Our proficiency in using space as a basis for reasoning reliesour abilities to detect similarities in the structures of very differentconcepts. In this paper I discuss two types of similarities between spaceand nonspatial concepts and describe how those similarities influencereasoning from spatial representations.
series	other
email
more	http://www.arch.usyd.edu.au/kcdc/conferences/vr01/
last changed	2003/05/02 11:16

_id	a40c
authors	Inkinen, Tommi
year	2001
title	A city revised: representing or recreating the urban space as a polygon experience – a discussion of the case of virtual Turku
source	CORP 2001, Vienna, pp. 351-354
summary	The Internet has provided a new means to represent urban space. The development of modelling languages,like VRML, has given us the tools to recreate urban locations on the net. In this paper, the virtual image ofTurku, a city located in Southwest Finland is discussed. My approach is twofold. Firstly, I focus on the‘official’ city web-page and its two dimensional textual appearance. This constitutes the essence of virtualcity as ‘public’ project. Secondly, there is a challenging new field that combines aspects from computersciences, urban studies and Internet research. This refers to three-dimensional city models that are used torepresent an exact copy of the material space of cities. The analysis is based on interpretation of interviewsand contents of the two site structures. The following conclusions are proposed. The mission of a virtualpublic city is twofold: it is a local project, purposed to build a new and efficient medium to connect theadministration and citizens; and it is also a global/national project, a medium of advertising and givingknowledge of the tourist possibilities and attractions. On the other hand, the private virtual city project isbased on potential future incomes. It is a means of gaining profit via expanding possibilities provided by ecommerce.
series	other
email
more	www.corp.at
last changed	2002/12/19 12:18

For more results click below: