Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ascaad2004_paper12
id	ascaad2004_paper12
authors	Al-Qawasmi, Jamal
year	2004
title	Reflections on e-Design: The e-Studio Experience
source	eDesign in Architecture: ASCAAD's First International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design, 7-9 December 2004, KFUPM, Saudi Arabia
summary	The influence of digital media and information technology on architectural design education and practice is increasingly evident. The practice and learning of architecture is increasingly aided by and dependant on digital media. Digital technologies not only provide new production methods, but also expand our abilities to create, explore, manipulate and compose space. In contemporary design education, there is a continuous demand to deliver new skills in digital media and to rethink architectural design education in the light of the new developments in digital technology. During the academic years 2001-2003, I had the chance to lead the efforts to promote an effective use of digital media for design education at Department of Architecture, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST). Architectural curriculum at JUST dedicated much time for teaching computing skills. However, in this curriculum, digital media was taught in the form of "software use" education. In this context, digital media is perceived and used mainly as a presentation tool. Furthermore, Computer Aided Architectural Design and architectural design are taught in separate courses without interactions between the two.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

_id	270d
authors	Elezkurtaj, Tomor and Franck, Georg
year	2001
title	Evolutionary Algorithms in Urban Planning
source	CORP 2001, Vienna, pp. 269-272
summary	The functions supported by commercial CAD software are drawing, construction and presentation. Until now, no programssupporting the creative part of architectural and urban problem solving are on the market. The grand hopes of symbolic AI ofprogramming creative architectural and urban design have been disappointed. In the meantime, methods called New AI are available.Among these methods, evolutionary algorithms are particularly promising for solving design problems. The paper presents anapproach to town panning and architectural problem solving that combines an evolutionary strategy (ES), a genetic algorithm (GA)and a Particle System. The problem that remains incapable of being solved algorithmically has to do with the fact that in architectureand urbanizm form as well as function count. Because function relates to comfort, easiness of use, and aesthetics as well, it ishopeless to fully specify the fitness function of architecture. The approach presented circumvents a full specification through dividinglabor between the software and its user. The fitness function of town plans is defined in terms only of proportions of the shapes, areasand buildings to be accommodated and topological relations between them. The rest is left to the human designer who interactivelyintervenes in the evolution game as displayed on the screen.
series	other
email
more	www.corp.at
last changed	2002/12/19 12:17

_id	7e02
authors	Elger, Dietrich and Russell, Peter
year	2002
title	The Virtual Campus: A new place for (lifelong) learning?
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2002.472
source	Connecting the Real and the Virtual - design e-ducation [20th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-0-8] Warsaw (Poland) 18-20 September 2002, pp. 472-477
summary	472 eCAADe 20 [design e-ducation] Modeling Real and Virtual Worlds Session 13 In the early spring of 2001 a collection of German universities founded a virtual faculty of architecture, which was named „Liquid Campus“. Current thinking about future forms of education in the field of architecture combined with over 4 years of experience with net-based design studios, led to questions about the future of existing universities, their buildings and their use. This problem was put to 43 students in the form of a design exercise to create a place for a virtual university. In the current situation, in which the administration of knowledge is more and more located on the internet, and even the so-called meeting places themselves can be virtualised through the help of video-conference-software, the exercise was to design a virtual campus in the framework and to carry out this design work in a simulation of distributed practice. Initial criticism of the project came from the students in that exemplary working methods were not described, but left for the students to discover on their own. The creation of a concept for the Liquid Campus meant that the participants had to imagine working in a world without the face to face contacts that form the basis (at present) of personal interaction. Additionally, the assignment to create or design possible links between the real and the virtual was not an easy task for students who normally design and plan real physical buildings. Even the tutors had difficulties in producing focused constructive criticism about a virtual campus; in effect the virtualisation of the university leads to a distinctive blurring of its boundaries. The project was conducted using the pedagogical framework of the netzentwurf.de; a relatively well established Internet based communication platform. This means that the studio was organised in the „traditional“ structure consisting of an initial 3 day workshop, a face to face midterm review, and a collective final review, held 3,5 months later in the Museum of Communication in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. In teams of 3 (with each student from a different university and a tutor located at a fourth) the students worked over the Internet to produce collaborative design solutions. The groups ended up with designs that spanned a range of solutions between real and virtual architecture. Examples of the student’s work (which is all available online) as well as their working methods are described. It must be said that the energy invested in the studio by the organisers of the virtual campus (as well as the students who took part) was considerably higher than in normal design studios and the paper seeks to look critically at the effort in relation to the outcomes achieved. The range and depth of the student’s work was surprising to many in the project, especially considering the initial hurdles (both social and technological) that had to overcome. The self-referential nature of the theme, the method and the working environment encouraged the students to take a more philosophical approach to the design problem. The paper explores the implications of the student’s conclusions on the nature of the university in general and draws conclusions specific to architectural education and the role of architecture in this process.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	811d
authors	Goulthorpe, M., Burry, M. and Dunlop, G.
year	2001
title	Aegis Hyposurface©: The Bordering of University and Practice
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2001.344
source	Reinventing the Discourse - How Digital Tools Help Bridge and Transform Research, Education and Practice in Architecture [Proceedings of the Twenty First Annual Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Design in Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-10-1] Buffalo (New York) 11-14 October 2001, pp. 344-349
summary	Throughout history, profound technological shifts have been accompanied by significant cultural changes. The current shift from a technical paradigm based on physical, mechanical production to one based on electronic media impacts on forms of architectural practice in unexpected ways. The use of design software not only enhances graphic and modeling capacity but also reveals new possibilities for both form generation and fabrication. At a more subtle level it may influence the patterns of thought and creativity that have underpinned traditional forms of architectural practice. This paper examines the implications of the redefined praxis by considering the new role of ‘town and gown’ in the production of the interactive hypersurface: the AegisHypersurface©, the first working prototype of which was unveiled in March 2001.
keywords	Real-Time Animation, Interactive Architecture, Hypersurface
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	caadria2006_613
id	caadria2006_613
authors	JAEHO RYU, NAOKI HASHIMOTO, MAKOTO SATO, MASASHI SOEDA, RYUZO OHNO
year	2006
title	A GAME ENGINE BASED ARCHITECTURAL SIMULATOR ON MULTI-PROJECTOR DISPLAYS
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2006.x.m1v
source	CAADRIA 2006 [Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Kumamoto (Japan) March 30th - April 2nd 2006, 613-615
summary	To make whole one image on screens that is generated by many computers and synchronization among computers, there is a need for a network software environment for multi-projector display system. Although the development costs increase for parallel programming for multi-projector display system, there is a possibility that the program cannot be executed at an enough speed since the network bandwidth might become a bottleneck. There are some software environments for that kind of multi-projector display system like Chromium that is latest version of WireGL (Humphreys, 2001&2002). WireGL is a kind of Client-Server Model, which one rendering server sends the data of rendering to many computers. While it can use the application without modification of source, it requires heavy network traffics. The other type of operating software is VR Juggler (Cruz-Neira, 2002), and CAVE Library that is a kind of Master-Slave Model. In the Master-Slave Model, every computer has same application programs to render the image that only keep the synchronization of rendering and events. But, these programs require a specialized skill and knowledge to modify the source of program for the certain rendering PC-Cluster system.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	7134
id	7134
authors	Penttilä, Hannu (Ed.)
year	2001
title	Architectural Information Management [Conference Proceedings]
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2001
source	19th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-8-1 / Helsinki (Finland) 29-31 August 2001, 578 p.
summary	Several common phrases, such as “information society” or “virtual reality” point out the fact that information technology, digital tools and numerous different services via various communication networks have become crucially important factors of our western lifestyle and living environment. The trends of the society reflects naturally the working environments of the construction field, architectural discipline being amongst them. It is almost inconceivable to even imagine an architect without computer-based tools anymore. This evolutional development process has, from historical perspective, only recently started. The process is constantly evolving and rapidly increasing our possibilities to use and enjoy these modern digital fruits. The sometimes unpredictable and rapid changes in our working environment should make architects nervous about the impacts of the changes. All those delicate methods and collective traditions of the several thousand year architectural discipline(!), just simply cannot be transferred into the digital realm in a few decades. Researchers and teachers should very carefully, but still open mindedly, critically explore, analyse and adjust the so-called “modern technology” into the world of architecture, construction, design, planning – and education. We are not just “endusers”, It is we, in fact, who should define what, where and how are we willing to use it(IT). The value of information is constantly growing in our society, and in the future it will evidently be even more so. The value of information is quite hard to define with measurable or agreed concepts, but information evidently contains value-factors. The information which the architects are creating, modifying and manipulating, contains essential and valuable core data concerning the whole built environment of our society. It affects the physical surroundings of our society, in which we will be living for decades – hence, the information has a historical basis. The architectural core information also very strongly affects the quality of life of our fellow citizens – consequently, it has deep social meaning. The essentials of architectural information relies on the tradition of centuries – hence, it clearly has acknowledged cultural values, which are also extremely difficult to quantify. So how could architectural information be described? The information covers a wide range of heterogeneous concepts, items, values, methods, tools, materials, true facts, rumours, intuition and knowledge, plus a multitude of yet undefined or unpredictable factors, which still have to be watched and prepared for. Since the information deals with common and general subjects, it should also be described with common and general concepts. On the other hand as the information is also concerned with the minutiae of specific projects, the architectural information should also be described with well identified and unique entities. With our digital tools we handle all information – including architectural – more and more digitally. We have to handle and manipulate information currently as digital data, which could be understood the ”raw material” of architectural information. Digital data becomes valuable information, when some kind of meaning or purpose to somebody can be attributed to it. In the early gloomy days of ”digital architecture” in the 1960’s and 1970’s, researchers tried to describe architectural artefacts and even design process mathematically. The details of architectural information were quite difficult to describe with binary alphanumeric information of main-frame machines. The architects’ tools development then led to a trend where architects could better represent and visualize the design objects digitally. The widespread and common use of 2D-drawing and 3D-modelling tools is still a very strong trend within our discipline. In fact it is “the way” the majority of architectural information is managed today. During the last 15–20 years, so-called conceptual modelling or product data modelling, done in various technical and construction field research units worldwide, has from one viewpoint clarified the basis and essence of architectural information. Hence, it’s not only CAD-software application development, but also elementary and theoretical research that gives us valuable help to survive among the ever growing seas of terabits of data in the future to come. Architectural information is something that simply cannot be described just with DWG-drawings or dummy scanned photographs any more. Although drawings and photos may contain very important bits of architectural documentation, we need ntimes more “complexity layers”, concepts and tools to manage and understand the essence of architectural information today. A proper way to manage the data we are working with, has to cover the whole architectural discipline. The methods and tools also have to be valid and flexible for several decades in the future.
keywords	Information Management & Data Structuring, Education & Curricula, Modeling & City Planning
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.hut.fi/events/ecaade/
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	48db
authors	Proctor, George
year	2001
title	CADD Curriculum - The Issue of Visual Acuity
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2001.192
source	Architectural Information Management [19th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-8-1] Helsinki (Finland) 29-31 August 2001, pp. 192-200
summary	Design educators attempt to train the eyes and minds of students to see and comprehend the world around them with the intention of preparing those students to become good designers, critical thinkers and ultimately responsible architects. Over the last eight years we have been developing the digital media curriculum of our architecture program with these fundamental values. We have built digital media use and instruction on the foundation of our program which has historically been based in physical model making. Digital modeling has gradually replaced the capacity of physical models as an analytical and thinking tool, and as a communication and presentation device. The first year of our program provides a foundation and introduction to 2d and 3d design and composition, the second year explores larger buildings and history, the third year explores building systems and structure through design studies of public buildings, fourth year explores urbanism, theory and technology through topic studios and, during the fifth year students complete a capstone project. Digital media and CADD have and are being synchronized with the existing NAAB accredited regimen while also allowing for alternative career options for students. Given our location in the Los Angeles region, many students with a strong background in digital media have gone on to jobs in video game design and the movie industry. Clearly there is much a student of architecture must learn to attain a level of professional competency. A capacity to think visually is one of those skills and is arguably a skill that distinguishes members of the visual arts (including Architecture) from other disciplines. From a web search of information posted by the American Academy of Opthamology, Visual Acuity is defined as an ability to discriminate fine details when looking at something and is often measured with the Snellen Eye Chart (the 20/20 eye test). In the context of this paper visual acuity refers to a subject’s capacity to discriminate useful abstractions in a visual field for the purposes of Visual Thinking- problem solving through seeing (Arnheim, 1969, Laseau 1980, Hoffman 1998). The growing use of digital media and the expanding ability to assemble design ideas and images through point-and-click methods makes the cultivation and development of visual skills all the more important to today’s crop of young architects. The advent of digital media also brings into question the traditional, static 2d methods used to build visual skills in a design education instead of promoting active 3d methods for teaching, learning and developing visual skills. Interactive digital movies provide an excellent platform for promoting visual acuity, and correlating the innate mechanisms of visual perception with the abstractions and notational systems used in professional discourse. In the context of this paper, pedagogy for building visual acuity is being considered with regard to perception of the real world, for example the visual survey of an environment, a site or a street scene and how that visual survey works in conjunction with practice.
keywords	Curriculum, Seeing, Abstracting, Notation
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	09cd
authors	Roberts, Andrew and Marsh, Andrew
year	2001
title	ECOTECT: Environmental Prediction in Architectural Education
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2001.342
source	Architectural Information Management [19th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-8-1] Helsinki (Finland) 29-31 August 2001, pp. 342-347
summary	This paper evaluates the integration and use of ECOTECT, an environmental prediction software package into teaching within the authors’ school of architecture. ECOTECT is relatively unique amongst performance analysis tools in that it is aimed primarily at architects and is intended for use during the earliest, most conceptual stages of design. It integrates a relatively simple and intuitive 3D modeling interface with a range of analysis functions.
keywords	Environmental Design, Predication, Architecture, Integration, Software
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	7897
authors	Achten, Henri and De Vries, Bauke
year	2001
title	Multiple Sketch Users in DDDoolz
source	Stellingwerff, Martijn and Verbeke, Johan (Eds.), ACCOLADE - Architecture, Collaboration, Design. Delft University Press (DUP Science) / ISBN 90-407-2216-1 / The Netherlands, pp. 153-162 [Book ordering info: m.c.stellingwerff@bk.tudelft.nl]
summary	This paper presents DDDoolz, a desktop-VR three-dimensional voxel sketchtool. DDDoolz is developed in the Design Systems Group to explore the use of Virtual Reality technology in the early design stage. The aim is to offer a sketch-like environment in VR with an unobtrusive interface. The paper presents DDDoolz, how it is used in education and with partners in architectural practice, and some future developments. As an extension to current functionality, the possibility of multiple users at the same time will be developed in the system for the {ACCOLADE} workshop.
series	other
email
last changed	2001/09/14 21:30

_id	7e52
authors	Achten, Henri
year	2001
title	Normative Positions in Architectural Design - Deriving and Applying Design Methods
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2001.263
source	Architectural Information Management [19th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-8-1] Helsinki (Finland) 29-31 August 2001, pp. 263-268
summary	This paper presents a recently finished course of eight weeks where CAAD skills, design methodology, and architectural theory are combined to discuss possible perspectives on the use of the computer in design, and its influence on architecture. In the course, three contemporary architects were studied; Peter Eisenman, Ben van Berkel, and Greg Lynn. Each was discussed on aspects of ontology (which are the elements of discourse), design method (design process and organization of the process), and the use of the computer (techniques and approaches). These were linked with design theory, architectural theory, and CAD-theory. The reflection on the work of the architects resulted in a number of design methods for each architect. The design methods were adapted to the available technologies in the university as well as to the scope of the exercise, since the period of eight weeks for an exercise cannot compete with design processes in practice that take many participants and much time. The students then applied the design methods to a design task: student housing and an exhibition pavilion on the campus area of the university. The task was so devised, that students could focus on either architectural or urban design level with one of the design methods. Also, the choice of architects and accompanying design methods was made in such a way that students with low, medium, and advanced computer skills could take part in the course and exercise. In a workshop held at the Czech Technical University (CVUT) in Prague, the same procedure was used in a one-week period for a different design task, but in an otherwise almost identical setting with respect to the CAAD software used. The methods and material were easily transferred to the other setting. The students were able to cope with the task and produced surprising results in the short time span available. The paper will provide an overview of the course, discuss the pedagogical implications of the work, and discuss how this particular work can be generalized to incorporate other architects and approaches.
keywords	CAAD: Design Methods, Pedagogy
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	db60
authors	Af Klercker, J., Achten, H. and Verbeke, J.
year	2001
title	AVOCAAD - A First Step Towards Distance Learning?
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2001.269
source	Architectural Information Management [19th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9523687-8-1] Helsinki (Finland) 29-31 August 2001, pp. 269-274
summary	In the industrial world knowledge is developed very fast. As most countries are depending on employees with a high level of knowledge and skills the term ”Life Long Learning” has been formulated and the concept is more and more accepted. Institutions of higher education are more and more involved in creating supplementary education more independent of time and place. Distance learning was originally carried out by ordinary mail, which was slow but might then have been the only solution for people in remote places. With the Internet and e-mail the distance-learning concept has got a far better tool, for instance better interaction facilities. Architects and engineers in practise are deeply involved in solving the problems of the present projects. Education which is independent of time and place must be of great interest to both parties. The AVOCAAD project has created an education model for students to meet the possibilities of CAAD. The education model can be used in a curriculum at a school as well as for distance learning. Among the possible experiences from it, the one concerning distance learning might be the most important future application of the system in architectural education. This paper sketches the pedagogical background and gives examples from other areas of knowledge, where distance learning is already in use. We will put the question how the AVOCAAD concept meets the experiences from distance learning.
keywords	Distance Learning, Pedagogic, CAAD, E-Learning, AVOCAAD
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	30fc
authors	Alfredo, Andia
year	2001
title	Talleres por Internet: Evaluacion de La Experiencia colaborativa del "Internet Studios Constortium" [Online Studios: Evaluation of Collaborative Experience "Internet Studios Consortium"]
source	2da Conferencia Venezolana sobre Aplicación de Computadores en Arquitectura, Maracaibo (Venezuela) december 2001, pp. 110-115
summary	This paper explores the pedagogical use of Internet in design-studio teaching in architectural education. The findings are based on a three-year experience working in semester long projects in which large numbers of participants (from 35 to 300 students) from Miami, Santiago, Valparaiso, Buenos Aires, Rosario, Maracaibo, Caracas and Guayaquil collaborated using the Internet in various format. The majority of the collaboration has been accomplished by using low-bandwidth Internet communication such as Web publishing, Chat, Web3D, RealPlayer, IP videoconferencing, CAD software, and other technologies such as ISDN broadcasting. New grants, obtained from Global Crossing, Cisco, and Lucent Technologies, from the Ampath project at FIU, Miami, is supporting a new series of experimentation with high-bandwidth technologies on the Internet2 Abilene Network.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/11/21 15:15

_id	9fe2
authors	Almeida da Silva, A.B., Serón Arbeloa, F.J., Magallón Lacarta, J.A. and Félix, N.R.
year	2001
title	PICTÓRICA O CIENTÍFICA? LA ACTIVIDAD DE GENERACIÓN DE IMÁGENES SINTÉTICAS EN EL CONTEXTO DE ENSEÑANZA (Pictoric or Scientific? The Activity of Generation of Synthetic Images in the Teaching Context)
source	SIGraDi biobio2001 - [Proceedings of the 5th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics / ISBN 956-7813-12-4] Concepcion (Chile) 21-23 november 2001, pp. 192-194
summary	This work is restricted to the field of Graphics Representation in Architecture, analyzing the use of illumination models which are present at the software usually used for the development of images to describe the architectural objects. The differences between the real scene and the equivalences structured into the world of computer graphics related to the illumination models and light, are specially specified. This work analyses the categories of architectural problems associated to each of the available models; questions how this associations are included in architectural teaching context and studies how associated they are during the academic studies of the architect.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	45a2
authors	Armesto, Tristán
year	2001
title	SIMULACRO ARQUITECTÓNICO AL ALCANCE DE LAS MANOS (Architectonic Simulacrum within Reach)
source	SIGraDi biobio2001 - [Proceedings of the 5th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics / ISBN 956-7813-12-4] Concepcion (Chile) 21-23 november 2001, pp. 148-150
summary	Since middle ‘90’s, the outbreak of 3d hardware acceleration devices for PC software, has facilitated a great evolvement in what is known as “Role Play Games” (RPG) – within the entertainment software industry. This development has produced such a phenomenon that surpassed all expectations. Through the game “engine” tools, virtual spaces can be achieved according to an editor’s criterium. Thus, a varied range of uses in different research fields are permitted. It is possible to build architectural simulations with high degree of realism an interactivity by means of ‘levels editors’ found in most of this games.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	0f18
authors	Bailey, Rohan
year	2001
title	A Digital Design Coach for Young Designers
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2001.330
source	Reinventing the Discourse - How Digital Tools Help Bridge and Transform Research, Education and Practice in Architecture [Proceedings of the Twenty First Annual Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Design in Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-10-1] Buffalo (New York) 11-14 October 2001, pp. 330-335
summary	The present use of digital media in architectural practice and education is primarily focused on representation, communication of ideas and production. Designers, however, still use pencil and paper to assist the early conception of ideas. Recently, research into providing digital tools for designers to use in conceptual designing has focused on enhancing or assisting the designer. Rarely has the computer been regarded as a potential teaching tool for design skills. Based on previous work by the author about visual thinking and the justification for a digital design assistant, the intention of this paper is to illustrate to the reader the feasibility of a digital design coach. Reference is made to recent advances in research about design computability. In particular, research by Mark Gross and Ellen Do with respect to their Electronic Cocktail Napkin project is used as a basis on which to determine what such a digital coach may look and feel like.
keywords	Design Education, Protocol Analysis, CADD, Sketching
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	1b10
id	1b10
authors	Bay, Joo-Hwa
year	2001
title	Cognitive Biases - The case of tropical architecture
source	Delft University of Technology
summary	This dissertation investigates, i) How cognitive biases (or illusions) may lead to errors in design thinking, ii) Why architects use architectural precedents as heuristics despite such possible errors, and iii) Develops a design tool that can overcome this type of errors through the introduction of a rebuttal mechanism. The mechanism controls biases and improves accuracy in architectural thinking. // The research method applied is interdisciplinary. It employs knowledge from cognitive science, environmental engineering, and architectural theory. The case study approach is also used. The investigation is made in the case of tropical architecture. The investigation of architectural biases draws from work by A. Tversky and D. Kahneman in 1982 on “Heuristics and biases”. According to Tversky and Kahneman, the use of heuristics of representativeness (based on similarity) and availability (based on ease of recall and imaginability) for judgement of probability can result in cognitive biases of illusions of validity and biases due to imaginability respectively. This theory can be used analogically to understand how errors arise in the judgement of environmental behaviour anticipated from various spatial configurations, leading to designs with dysfunctional performances when built. Incomplete information, limited time, and human mental resources make design thinking in practice difficult and impossible to solve. It is not possible to analyse all possible alternative solutions, multiple contingencies, and multiple conflicting demands, as doing so will lead to combinatorial explosion. One of the ways to cope with the difficult design problem is to use precedents as heuristic devices, as shortcuts in design thinking, and at the risk of errors. This is done with analogical, pre-parametric, and qualitative means of thinking, without quantitative calculations. Heuristics can be efficient and reasonably effective, but may not always be good enough or even correct, because they can have associated cognitive biases that lead to errors. Several debiasing strategies are discussed, and one possibility is to introduce a rebuttal mechanism to refocus the designer’s thinking on the negative and opposite outcomes in his judgements, in order to debias these illusions. The research is carried out within the framework of design theory developed by the Design Knowledge System Research Centre, TUDelft. This strategy is tested with an experiment. The results show that the introduction of a rebuttal mechanism can debias and improve design judgements substantially in environmental control. The tool developed has possible applications in design practice and education, and in particular, in the designing of sustainable environments.
keywords	Design bias; Design knowledge; Design rebuttal; Design Precedent; Pre-parametric design; Tropical architecture; Sustainability
series	thesis:PhD
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2006/05/28 07:42

_id	da3a
authors	Borges Sanches, Thais and Leão de Amorim, Arivaldo
year	2001
title	AVALIAÇÃO DO USO DA SIMULAÇÃO COMPUTACIONAL EM PROJETOS DE ILUMINAÇÃO ARTIFICIAL (Evaluation of the Use of Computer Simulation for Artificial Illumination Projects)
source	SIGraDi biobio2001 - [Proceedings of the 5th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics / ISBN 956-7813-12-4] Concepcion (Chile) 21-23 november 2001, pp. 95-97
summary	This paper tries to evaluate the quantitative e qualitative aspects of the uses of the computational simulation for the analysis of enclosed environments light designs, and its feasibility in teaching in Architectural and Urbanism courses. The importance of this paper is associated with the determining of the illumination levels and its effects. Simulations were made with the Lightscape software in a specific room and their results were compared with the experimental measurements taken in that place. From this comparison it was possible to make the analysis of the software characteristics and to evaluate the advantages or disadvantages of its uses. The results confirm its feasibility as a tool for illumination simulation and its adequate uses in the teaching of environmental comfort. The good correlation achieved in visual effects derived from the lighting design and also the information of values related to illuminance and luminance for the simulated space support this affirmative.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	a469
authors	Brown, Andre and Berridge, Phil
year	2001
title	Games One : Two : Three A triangle of virtual game scenarios for architectural collaboration
source	Stellingwerff, Martijn and Verbeke, Johan (Eds.), ACCOLADE - Architecture, Collaboration, Design. Delft University Press (DUP Science) / ISBN 90-407-2216-1 / The Netherlands, pp. 95-120 [Book ordering info: m.c.stellingwerff@bk.tudelft.nl]
summary	This paper is split into three parts, each of which deals with different aspects of, and approaches to, the collaboration process. Each of the approaches shares a common root in an aspect of games or gaming. Together the three approaches represent a tripartite attack on the spectrum of problems that need to be addressed to achieve successful collaboration. The first technique is dealt with in Game One One. This deals with the issue of encouraging collaboration. It is based on work using a role playing game scenario and is intended to allow construction industry professionals and clients to develop a common framework for discussion. It originally existed as a paper based game and is now being tested in a web-based environment. Game Two is based on work that has evolved from contemporary game and meeting place environments that have been attracting attention recently. Here internet-based three-dimensional worlds are used as a virtual replacement of real spaces and participants meet as avatars. In the architectural context we have investigated the potential for application of such 3D worlds as meeting, and discussion places where architectural information and ideas can be exchanged. In Game Three we take the idea that currently, virtual environments are still rather uncomfortable and unnatural in terms of human interaction, and in particular in the way that we move around and display architectural scenes. We develop the idea that games software incorporates techniques that make the representation of animated, interactive 3D architectural environments computationally efficient. We have augmented the software used in games environments and have considered how we construct architectural models and man-machine interfaces to improve the effectiveness of such environments in an architectural context.
series	other
email
last changed	2001/09/14 21:30

_id	0e58
authors	Campbell, D.A. and Wells, M.
year	1994
title	A Critique of Virtual Reality in the Architectural Design Process, R-94-3
source	Human Interface Technology Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, USA, http://www.hitl.washington.edu/publications/r-94-3/: 23 May 2001
summary	An addition to a building was designed using virtual reality (VR). The project was part of a design studio for graduate students of architecture. During the design process a detailed journal of activities was kept. In addition, the design implemented with VR was compared to designs implemented with more traditional methods. Both immersive and non-immersive VR simulations were attempted. Part of the rationale for exploring the use of VR in this manner was to develop insight into how VR techniques can be incorporated into the architectural design process, and to provide guidance for the implementers of future VR systems. This paper describes the role of VR in schematic design, through design development to presentation and evaluation. In addition, there are some comments on the effects of VR on detailed design. VR proved to be advantageous in several phases of the design. However, several shortcomings in both hardware and software became apparent. These are described, and a number of recommendations are provided.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	3287
authors	Cheng, Nancy Yen-wen
year	2001
title	Evolution of Digital Design Teaching: A Course as Microcosm for Educational Issues
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2001.013
source	ACADIA Quarterly, vol. 20, pp. 13-17
summary	Despite widespread use of computers in the architectural profession, computer use in architectural education remains uneven. The challenge to educators becomes apparent in examining the evolution of an introductory course. In four years, the teaching initiatives illuminate the crucial issues:* Content focus (what): computer techniques supporting design concepts, selection of design and communication applications / * Delivery techniques (how): - Organizing framework: staffing, course format - Teaching tools: web resources, online bulletin boards, online quizzes and gradebook. These efforts have produced gradual progress. Major successes include development of successful assignments and resources, balance of exercise types, and skill improvement through competency exams. On the other hand, addressing different skill levels, providing personal attention in an efficient way and overcoming equipment impediments remain a challenge. Outside the course, the overall curricular framework needs to be adjusted to prepare for and reinforce learning within the course. Results from initiatives inside and outside of the classroom are discussed.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

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