Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	3a28
authors	Laiserin, Jerry
year	2002
title	From atelier to e-telier: virtual design studios
source	Architectural Record
summary	The design studio, as physical place and pedagogical method, is the core of architectural education. Ateliers clustered around rue Napoleon in Paris defined the École des Beaux Arts. The Carnegie Endowment report on architectural education, published in 1996, identified a comparably central role for studios in schools today. From programs, schemes, and parti to desk crits, pin-ups, and charrettes-language and behavior learned in the studio establish the profession's cultural framework. Advances in CAD and visualization, combined with technologies to communicate images, data, and "live" action, now enable virtual dimensions of studio experience. Students no longer need gather at the same time and place to tackle the same design problem. Critics can comment over the network or by e-mail, and distinguished jurors can make virtual visits without being in the same room as the pin-up-if there is a pin-up (or a room). Virtual design studios (VDS) have the potential to favor collaboration over competition, diversify student experiences, and redistribute the intellectual resources of architectural education across geographic and socioeconomic divisions. The catch is predicting whether VDS will isolate students from a sense of place and materiality, or if it will provide future architects the tools to reconcile communication environments and physical space.
series	journal paper
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	7e02
authors	Elger, Dietrich and Russell, Peter
year	2002
title	The Virtual Campus: A new place for (lifelong) learning?
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2002.472
source	Connecting the Real and the Virtual - design e-ducation [20th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-0-8] Warsaw (Poland) 18-20 September 2002, pp. 472-477
summary	472 eCAADe 20 [design e-ducation] Modeling Real and Virtual Worlds Session 13 In the early spring of 2001 a collection of German universities founded a virtual faculty of architecture, which was named „Liquid Campus“. Current thinking about future forms of education in the field of architecture combined with over 4 years of experience with net-based design studios, led to questions about the future of existing universities, their buildings and their use. This problem was put to 43 students in the form of a design exercise to create a place for a virtual university. In the current situation, in which the administration of knowledge is more and more located on the internet, and even the so-called meeting places themselves can be virtualised through the help of video-conference-software, the exercise was to design a virtual campus in the framework and to carry out this design work in a simulation of distributed practice. Initial criticism of the project came from the students in that exemplary working methods were not described, but left for the students to discover on their own. The creation of a concept for the Liquid Campus meant that the participants had to imagine working in a world without the face to face contacts that form the basis (at present) of personal interaction. Additionally, the assignment to create or design possible links between the real and the virtual was not an easy task for students who normally design and plan real physical buildings. Even the tutors had difficulties in producing focused constructive criticism about a virtual campus; in effect the virtualisation of the university leads to a distinctive blurring of its boundaries. The project was conducted using the pedagogical framework of the netzentwurf.de; a relatively well established Internet based communication platform. This means that the studio was organised in the „traditional“ structure consisting of an initial 3 day workshop, a face to face midterm review, and a collective final review, held 3,5 months later in the Museum of Communication in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. In teams of 3 (with each student from a different university and a tutor located at a fourth) the students worked over the Internet to produce collaborative design solutions. The groups ended up with designs that spanned a range of solutions between real and virtual architecture. Examples of the student’s work (which is all available online) as well as their working methods are described. It must be said that the energy invested in the studio by the organisers of the virtual campus (as well as the students who took part) was considerably higher than in normal design studios and the paper seeks to look critically at the effort in relation to the outcomes achieved. The range and depth of the student’s work was surprising to many in the project, especially considering the initial hurdles (both social and technological) that had to overcome. The self-referential nature of the theme, the method and the working environment encouraged the students to take a more philosophical approach to the design problem. The paper explores the implications of the student’s conclusions on the nature of the university in general and draws conclusions specific to architectural education and the role of architecture in this process.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	dd8e
authors	Moloney, Jules
year	2002
title	String CVE Collaborative Virtual Environment software developed from a game engine
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2002.522
source	Connecting the Real and the Virtual - design e-ducation [20th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-0-8] Warsaw (Poland) 18-20 September 2002, pp. 522-525
summary	The University of Auckland has been experimenting with the adaptation of computer game engines for architectural education during a series of projects undertaken in specialized summer design studios 99 - 02. This paper reports on the early stages of software development of a collaborative virtual environment utilizing the ‘Torque’ game engine. The current software version (Beta 1.27) will be demonstrated and the studio outcomes discussed. The rationale for further application development is outlined with a focus on communication tools to enable experimentation with international virtual design studios.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	1992
authors	Russell, Peter
year	2002
title	Using Higher Level Programming in Interdisciplinary teams as a means of training for Concurrent Engineering
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2002.014
source	Connecting the Real and the Virtual - design e-ducation [20th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-0-8] Warsaw (Poland) 18-20 September 2002, pp. 14-19
summary	The paper explains a didactical method for training students that has been run three times to date. The premise of the course is to combine students from different faculties into interdisciplinary teams. These teams then have a complex problem to resolve within an extremely short time span. In light of recent works from Joy and Kurzweil, the theme Robotics was chosen as an exercise that is timely, interesting and related, but not central to the studies of the various faculties. In groups of 3 to 5, students from faculties of architecture, computer science and mechanical engineering are entrusted to design, build and program a robot which must successfully execute a prescribed set of actions in a competitive atmosphere. The entire course lasts ten days and culminates with the competitive evaluation. The robots must navigate a labyrinth, communicate with on another and be able to cover longer distances with some speed. In order to simplify the resources available to the students, the Lego Mindstorms Robotic syshed backgrounds instaed of synthetic ones. The combination of digitally produced (scanned) sperical images together with the use of HDR open a wide range of new implementation in the field of architecture, especially in combining synthetic elements in existing buildings, e.g. new interior elements in an existing historical museum).ural presentations in the medium of computer animation. These new forms of expression of design thoughts and ideas go beyond mere model making, and move more towards scenemaking and storytelling. The latter represents new methods of expression within computational environments for architects and designers.its boundaries. The project was conducted using the pedagogical framework of the netzentwurf.de; a relatively well established Internet based communication platform. This means that the studio was organised in the „traditional“ structure consisting of an initial 3 day workshop, a face to face midterm review, and a collective final review, held 3,5 months later in the Museum of Communication in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. In teams of 3 (with each student from a different university and a tutor located at a fourth) the students worked over the Internet to produce collaborative design solutions. The groups ended up with designs that spanned a range of solutions between real and virtual architecture. Examples of the student’s work (which is all available online) as well as their working methods are described. It must be said that the energy invested in the studio by the organisers of the virtual campus (as well as the students who took part) was considerably higher than in normal design studios and the paper seeks to look critically at the effort in relation to the outcomes achieved. The range and depth of the student’s work was surprising to many in the project, especially considering the initial hurdles (both social and technological) that had to overcome. The self-referential nature of the theme, the method and the working environment encouraged the students to take a more philosg and programming a winning robot. These differences became apparent early in the sessions and each group had to find ways to communicate their ideas and to collectively develop them by building on the strengths of each team member.
series	eCAADe
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	2d44
authors	Tsou, Jin-Yeu and Chow, Benny
year	2002
title	Integrating Scientific Simulation with Rapid-Prototyping Modeling for Design Curriculum Development
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2002.548
source	Connecting the Real and the Virtual - design e-ducation [20th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-0-8] Warsaw (Poland) 18-20 September 2002, pp. 548-551
summary	Although Computer-Aided Architectural Design tools have been introduced to studios for design visualization and communication, tangible models constructed by cardboard or other modeling materials still play an important role in assisting students on developing their conceptual framework related to spatial organization. A Rapid Prototyping (RP) system could provide a paradigm shift from the existing workflow of hand-made architectural model into an automated computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) environment. The introduction of computer controlled manufacturing technology will not limit the use of current conventional model making, and it will provide new capabilities for precise scaled model making and the possibility to generate free-form surface models for design representation. Because the technical capabilities of RP system could dramatically change the design workflow, the computer-aided manufacturing approach for architectural design has been adopted by overseas and local academic institutions. In this paper, we report the findings of a pilot study that applied rapid prototyping technology in architectural design education for helping students exploring an automated computer-aided manufacturing environment during early stage of design development.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	1d66
authors	Asanowicz, Aleksander
year	2002
title	Hybrid Design Environment
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2002.572
source	Connecting the Real and the Virtual - design e-ducation [20th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-0-8] Warsaw (Poland) 18-20 September 2002, pp. 572-576
summary	This paper discusses some preliminary ideas concerning new design environment or environment of designing. Main thesis of this paper is that process of creation and perception of architecture proceed between Real and Virtual. Architecture is created by analog and/or digital media. A the result we have the multitude and diversity of spaces and tools. Defining these terms is important for understanding a new process of design and a new space of designing. It gives us possibilities to create the new design environment, in which creation of architectural form may be considered as an integrated process connecting the analog, the digital, the real and the virtual. Architectural space, as we know it from physical environments, is supplemented by a virtual space. Physical, architectural and virtual spaces share very similar features in simulation. In virtual models, the boundary between the representation of physical sites and imaginary, virtual sites is vanishing rapidly, resulting in a new reality.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	7798
authors	Barrow, Larry
year	2002
title	Elitism, IT and the Modern Architect Opportunity or Dilemma
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2002.097
source	Thresholds - Design, Research, Education and Practice, in the Space Between the Physical and the Virtual [Proceedings of the 2002 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-11-X] Pomona (California) 24-27 October 2002, pp. 97-109
summary	Information Technology (IT) is impacting architecture dramatically in process and form. Often thecurrent transformation of architecture is difficult to analyze and frequently we see confusion and anxietyregarding uncertainties for the future of the architect as designer and project leader. The currentpotentiality for new exotic form (i.e. product) is mesmerizing; however, in the current context, lessobvious issues and pertinent questions are emerging for the profession. What is the mission of theprofession? What will keep us relevant in the mist of the new global society?In this paper, we will take an evolutionary perspective of technology in architecture and draw parallelsbetween the Renaissance, which is the genesis of the modern architect, and the contemporary state ofarchitecture. The modern architect was birthed during the Renaissance where we see the retraction ofthe architect from the building site and separation from direct involvement in the building process.Communications technology (i.e. representation in the form of free-hand drawings, mechanical 2Dorthographic drawings and 3D perspectives) enabled the decomposition of the master builder into threecomponents (i.e. artist-designer, practicing_architect, and builder). Thus, we see technology enable thedenigration and ultimate dissolution of the centuries old craftsman guilds and the master builder. Thetechnology evolution of “drawings” enabled monumental change in the process of architecture over thepast five hundred years. The fission of the master builder, enabled by “drawings”, resulted in disparatefactions which are the forerunners of the modern day litigious design-bid-build project delivery. We nowincreasingly see a return to the fusion of design and building where often the architect is not the projectmanager or leader. Thus, the question looms, will the 21st century architect lead or be led, and whatare the ramifications for the profession?The historical Master Builder is re-emerging as a dynamically networked team of design andconstruction knowledge specialists. Bi-lateral knowledge exchange, enhanced with emerging IT, isoccurring between owners, managers, architects, design specialists, engineers, builders and machines.Technology is disrupting architecture, resulting in increasing specialization and compressed timeframes, and may require reevaluation of the role of the architect as project-leader "integrativegeneralist"or "design-specialist".Conclusively, the concept of ‘cybernetic architecture’ is proposed as an IT reference framework. Failureto appropriately respond to societal evolution, driven by technology, could result in the loss ofprofessional status for the modern architect. Herein lies our dilemma, or opportunity, depending on therole choice of the modern architect.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	27a9
authors	Bille, Pia
year	2002
title	From CAD to Communication
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2002.156
source	Connecting the Real and the Virtual - design e-ducation [20th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-0-8] Warsaw (Poland) 18-20 September 2002, pp. 156-159
summary	Establishment of the physical infrastructure for a digital school of architecture has been perceived as the main difficulty for taking advantage of IT in the curriculum. Having reached that point shows other obstacles to overcome. A scenario describes how the digital studio works and how the concept of IT in the curriculum changes. The paper ends with a discussion of 5 IT interrelated disciplines: tool, application, method, communication and collaboration.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	eabb
authors	Boeykens, St. Geebelen, B. and Neuckermans, H.
year	2002
title	Design phase transitions in object-oriented modeling of architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2002.310
source	Connecting the Real and the Virtual - design e-ducation [20th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-0-8] Warsaw (Poland) 18-20 September 2002, pp. 310-313
summary	The project IDEA+ aims to develop an “Integrated Design Environment for Architecture”. Its goal is providing a tool for the designer-architect that can be of assistance in the early-design phases. It should provide the possibility to perform tests (like heat or cost calculations) and simple simulations in the different (early) design phases, without the need for a fully detailed design or remodeling in a different application. The test for daylighting is already in development (Geebelen, to be published). The conceptual foundation for this design environment has been laid out in a scheme in which different design phases and scales are defined, together with appropriate tests at the different levels (Neuckermans, 1992). It is a translation of the “designerly” way of thinking of the architect (Cross, 1982). This conceptual model has been translated into a “Core Object Model” (Hendricx, 2000), which defines a structured object model to describe the necessary building model. These developments form the theoretical basis for the implementation of IDEA+ (both the data structure & prototype software), which is currently in progress. The research project addresses some issues, which are at the forefront of the architect’s interest while designing with CAAD. These are treated from the point of view of a practicing architect.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	3d67
authors	Breen, J., Nottrot, R. and Stellingwerff, M.
year	2002
title	Relating to the ‘real’ Perceptions of Computer Aided and Physical Modelling
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2002.134
source	Connecting the Real and the Virtual - design e-ducation [20th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-0-8] Warsaw (Poland) 18-20 September 2002, pp. 134-138
summary	Designing - giving form to new objects or environments - is largely a question of anticipating the workings of spatial and material environments, which can become ‘reality’ only by being built. Until ‘realized’ a design is essentially a figment of the designer’s imagination, although his or her ideas may be laid down and conveyed to others via specialized design media. In this way impressions of the design may be shared with clients, colleagues or other ‘actors’ in the design process. Such products of the designer’s imaging process can be relatively abstract or begin to approach - future - reality. Form & Media research can be ‘revealing’, stimulating insights concerning preferences, working processes and the effects of products of the designer’s imagination. In the past ten years we have gained considerable practical experience with both virtual and tangible (scale) models. We have compared different techniques in conference workshops, within educational settings and in our Form & Media research laboratory. The research projects ranged from the development of practical techniques and working methods to protocol analyses of designing architects. This contribution draws comparisons between different computer aided modelling techniques, with an indication of their perspectives, making use of the experience gained from various experiments in an educational context, and will highlight the potentials for different combinations of digital and physical modelling techniques.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	aef6
authors	Chang, David C. and Szalapaj, Peter
year	2002
title	Making Sense of Presenting Design Ideas through Animated Form
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2002.560
source	Connecting the Real and the Virtual - design e-ducation [20th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-0-8] Warsaw (Poland) 18-20 September 2002, pp. 560-563
summary	This paper describes both conventional and computational ways of expressing and exploring design concepts with the use of models. We explain the role and function of the model in the design process, and investigate the ways in which models become reflections and representations of architects’ design thinking. We compare and contrast the physical properties of conventional models with those of three-dimensional computer models, and the corresponding processes of model creation, model development, and model modification. The paper includes a brief overview of commonly used forms of computer representations often encountered in Computer Aided Design applications. Whatever the visual richness of computer models in virtual environments can be, we believe that, just as in the use of conventional two-dimensional architectural drawings, computational presentations of architectural design concepts have their own conventions of use. This paper addresses the need to more accurately understand these conventions of using computer models for the representation of architectural design concepts. Therefore, we will illustrate the more dynamic qualities of computer models, which have the potential to allow designers to escape from the restrictions and constraints of physical form. In particular, we demonstrate these qualities in the context of architectural presentations in the medium of computer animation. These new forms of expression of design thoughts and ideas go beyond mere model making, and move more towards scenemaking and storytelling. The latter represents new methods of expression within computational environments for architects and designers.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	1207
authors	Cinelis, G., Januskevicius, E. and Kazakeviciute, G.
year	2002
title	CAAD Program Development: Expectations and Results
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2002.118
source	Connecting the Real and the Virtual - design e-ducation [20th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-0-8] Warsaw (Poland) 18-20 September 2002, pp. 118-121
summary	This research and the paper is our attempt to study in what extent is it reasonable to fill the curriculum provided for architecture students educated as a contemporary architect with knowledge of algorithms, programming, integration of CAAD tools, etc. The experience of several years of the course “CAAD program development” was generalized and will be discussed taking into account the results of the analysis of the feedback from the students. The results of the work could be important for the definition of the guidelines for the future.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	2d54
authors	Clayton, M.J., Warden, R.B. and Parker, Th.W.
year	2002
title	Virtual construction of architecture using 3D CAD and simulation
source	Automation in Construction 11 (2) (2002) pp. 227-235
summary	3D modeling and computer simulations provide new ways for architecture students to study the relationship between the design and construction of buildings. Digital media help to integrate and expand the content of courses in drafting, construction and design. This paper describes computer-based exercises that intensify the student's experience of construction in several courses from sophomore to senior level. The courses integrate content from drafting and design communication, construction, CAD, and design.Several techniques are used to strengthen students' awareness and ability in construction. These include: Virtual design–build projects in which students construct 3D CAD models that include all elements that are used in construction. Virtual office in which several students must collaborate under the supervision of a student acting as project architect to create a 3D CAD model and design development documents. Virtual sub-contracting in which each student builds a trade specific 3D CAD model of a building and all of the trade specific models must be combined into a single model. Construction simulations (4D CAD) in which students build 3D CAD models showing all components and then animate them to illustrate the assembly process. Cost estimating using spreadsheets. These techniques are applied and reapplied at several points in the curriculum in both technical laboratory courses and design studios. This paper compares virtual construction methods to physical design–build projects and provides our pedagogical arguments for the use of digital media for understanding construction.
series	journal paper
more	http://www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
last changed	2003/05/15 21:22

_id	154d
authors	Colajanni, B., Pellitteri, G. and Concialdi, S.
year	2002
title	Intelligent Structures for Collaborating with the Architect
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2002.360
source	Connecting the Real and the Virtual - design e-ducation [20th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-0-8] Warsaw (Poland) 18-20 September 2002, pp. 360-364
summary	The number of different designers with different competencies collaborating in a building project is today conspicuous. An undesired consequence is the possible rise of conflicts between decisions taken independently by more than one specialist on the same building object. The early detection of such conflicts is then one of the most important features in collaborative design. Moreover, of great interest would be the possibility not only of automatic detection but also of solution proposal of at least the most manageable of those conflicts. In this perspective smart models of building components could be very useful. This is possible giving the building elements, represented as objects, the specific intelligence. A simple example of this possibility is given in this paper. In a precedent work we proposed a way of managing elementary spatial conflicts between building components tending to occupy the same spaces. The automatic detection derived from the previous declaration of two levels of constraints (soft constraint and hard constraints) in such way that a violation of them could be immediately signaled to the actor wanting to take the decision triggering the conflict. In this paper the topic is the consequences of the rise of a spatial conflict (occupation of the same space) between a column of a spatial frame of columns and beams, and another building object of any sort subject to a soft or hard constraint. The procedure identifies the minimum displacement of the two objects, propagates the column displacement to the other structural elements connected to it and checks the feasibility of the new configuration of the structural schema both with regard to the possible rise of new conflicts and with the compliance to previous structural criteria.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	aef5
authors	De Paoli, Giovanni and Léglise, Michel
year	2002
title	Architectural Design Education and Digital Technologies: Toward a Multinational Research Observatory
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2002.056
source	Connecting the Real and the Virtual - design e-ducation [20th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-0-8] Warsaw (Poland) 18-20 September 2002, pp. 56-63
summary	New visions that do not confine the computer to strictly technical and representation functions have appeared in schools of architecture over the past few years. The use of new information and communication technologies (NICT), in the field of design education in particular, have allowed the creation of innovative teaching tools and teaching configurations that are operational in certain European and North American schools. Unfortunately, the comparison of experiences is rare, and it would be beneficial to facilitate educational exchanges on a scientific basis. It is clear, now, that the general use of NICT will have to promote educational programs that are evaluated scientifically, that are “efficient” and that are occasionally multinational, even if the cultural differences make the task difficult. These considerations have lead us to the proposal of recommendations for the creation of a multinational observatory for the teaching of design that could benefit from the presence of researchers from European countries and from North America already implicated in activities in our laboratories. This observatory is conceived as a depository of pedagogical works serving as observation material destined for scientific research. As such, it would act as an observation site for research in didactics of design. It would allow for a new understanding of the opportunities and limitations derived from the emerging globalisation of distributed design education and offer new challenges for architectural schools. This article describes the beginnings of this observation system and underscores its potential to produce results in the future.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ddssar0229
id	ddssar0229
authors	De Vries, B., Jessurun, A.J. and J. Dijkstra, J.
year	2002
title	Conformance Checking by Capturing and Simulating Human Behaviour in the Built Environment
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	In order to model natural human behaviour, it is necessary to capture this behaviour. First, we will start out by modelling behaviour for specific situations, such as taking a seat in a theatre. To capture humanbehaviour, the following experiment is performed: Given a virtual environment, a sufficient number of subjects (real humans) are asked to execute a human task in this virtual environment (e.g. take a seat inthe theatre). Whenever the subject deviates from the shortest path, the system will ask for a clue why this is done. The hypothesis is that the combination of the motion paths and the clues for making/changing decisions will provide decision rules to make reliable predictions about human behaviour under the same conditions when using virtual persons. To test the hypothesis, we propose to use the university’s main conference and presentation hall as a test case. A 3D model and a motion pathgraph are constructed that enables a virtual person to find its way to a selected chair. The clues from the experiment are implemented as decision rules that determine a virtual person’s behaviour. Running thesimulation will result in the following data: Time per person to find a chair, Deviation from the shortest path, Distance covered per person to find a chair, Distribution of seated persons over time and Relocation of persons. To validate the test case, the process of people entering the hall and finding a chair is recorded on videotape. The walking behaviour of the people observed on the video is analysed and compared with the data from the simulation.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	54b0
authors	Duarte, J.P., Heitor, M. and Mitchell, W.J.
year	2002
title	The Glass Chair - Competence Building for Innovation
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2002.180
source	Connecting the Real and the Virtual - design e-ducation [20th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-0-8] Warsaw (Poland) 18-20 September 2002, pp. 180-185
summary	This paper tells the strange tale of a glass chair. Creating a glass chair might seem a perverse – maybe impossible – enterprise. After all, chairs are normally held together by moment connections, such as those joining the legs to the seat. Glass is a notoriously bad material for forming moment connections; it is brittle, and quickly snaps if you subject it to bending. But there are advantages to such startling formulations of design problems. They force you to challenge conventional wisdom, to ignore standard prototypes, and to ask interesting new questions. How might you design a chair without moment connections? How might you do so without making the result impossibly heavy? How would you built it? And what interesting qualities might such a chair have? These were questions investigated in the design project pursued jointly by students at an American and a Portuguese school, in collaboration with glass and molding fabricators. The students explored many possibilities, and in doing so learned a great deal about chairs and about the properties and potentials of glass. The final project is a particularly elegant outcome of their investigations. It is created from just two curved pieces of glass, which held together by metal tie-rods. In the end, the finished glass chair looked just like the initial computer visualizations.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	71a0
authors	Gasparski, Wojciech W.
year	2002
title	Designer’s Responsibility: Methodological and Ethical Dimensions
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2002.010
source	Connecting the Real and the Virtual - design e-ducation [20th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-0-8] Warsaw (Poland) 18-20 September 2002, pp. 10-011
summary	A designer is anybody who designs, where ‘to design’ - from Latin designare - means ‘to mark out’. Those who design professionally are professional designers, i. e. who „see and seek value in new designs“. Seeing an seeking might be done in two ways: narrower or broader. According to the approach characteristic for design-methodological reductionism those things which are designed are considered the designed objects. In this approach the designer’s task is limited to narrowly understood artifacts like buildings, bridges, machines, devices etc. The relation between a designed object and the reminder of the world is of a secondary consideration or ignored even. The postponed consequences are of physical, social, psychological, and economical nature. Systemic design methodology is different. It describes that ‘what is designed’ in terms of an object of design, a system (a whole) separated from the ‘rest of the world’ to an extent that can minimise a negative ‘immunological effect’. The object of design is a spectem is used. An independently developed programming language entitled NQC (Not Quite C) is used to program the robots. The students are initially given three lectures dealing with robotics in general, methods of locomotion and state based programming principles. Small workshops and discussions about ways of tackling the assigned problem followed these lectures. The work of Rechtin is shown wherein the methodology of “architecting” combines heuristics, hierarchies and intuition to reach design solution spaces. The students are then allowed to form teams whereby they must include members from each faculty. The students are also responsible for forming committees to collectively make decisions about the competitions. The committees decide general attributes of the robots such as size (Constructors Committee) as well as the rules for the competition (Race Committee). The Communication Committee was entrusted to develop a communication protocol (using Infrared transmitters) and the Code Committee decided whuse. Once producing and teaching good science is the main tasks of scholars, those among the scholars who are involved in design science are responsible not only for producing good design science but also for educating designers as reflective practitioners conscious of what every designer should know about objects of design and ethics related to the profession.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	10eaea2001
id	10eaea2001
authors	Gorczyca, Adam and Wrona, Stefan
year	2002
title	Evaluation in 3D Endoscopic Simulation – Application in Architectural Studios
source	Environmental Simulation - New Impulses in Planning Processes [Proceedings of the 5th European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 3-922602-85-1]
summary	Simulation techniques are nowadays commonly spread in CAAD applications. They are so popular, that even notion of SAAD (Simulation Aided Architectural Design) is used. Practical implementation of simulation techniques is present almost everywhere in our lives. All of us had a possibility of watching on TV, how Russians are going to pick up their atomic submarine “Kursk” from a sea-bottom. It is very tragic but significant example. People convinced themselves, that it is much cheaper to analyze any “virtual environment”, than to experiment with reality. Especially, when cost this “tampering” is extremely expensive. That is why some light and scenography simulation are prepared by computers. From the same reasons filmic special effects are produced (sink of Titanic…). There are also obvious medical applications, where endoscopic surgery replaced invading methods, while simulation of human body help students to learn anatomy. Forensic medicine try to identify faces of murders or body remains.
series	EAEA
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

_id	937c
authors	I-Kang Li, Andrew
year	2002
title	A prototype interactive simulated shape grammar
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2002.314
source	Connecting the Real and the Virtual - design e-ducation [20th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-0-8] Warsaw (Poland) 18-20 September 2002, pp. 314-317
summary	Existing shape grammar interpreters have implemented some of the distinguishing features of the formalism, notably emergence or rule application under multiple transformations. By contrast, I implement a grammar in which these capabilities either are not required or can be simulated. This frees a user from mechanical issues, allowing him to pay more attention to the process embodied in the grammar.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

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