Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	d372
authors	Voigt, A., Schmidinger, E., Walchhofer, H.P. and Linzer, H.
year	2002
title	Conception of Urban Space – Simulators Supporting Planning Work
source	SIGraDi 2002 - [Proceedings of the 6th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Caracas (Venezuela) 27-29 november 2002, pp. 87-90
summary	Experimenting with “space”, joint exploring solution possibilities with all those concerned and the anticipation of the future involving as little risks as possible are important functions of space-related simulation contributing to increasing of knowledge, decision-finding and communication throughout the planning process. Questions as to conception of urban space, the modeling of urban volume and urban design, the improvement of spatial match (“fit”) and workability regarding utilization (”fitness for use”) call for suited simulators supporting planning work. All planning phases of urban-spatial planning processes are to benefit thereby: understanding is promoted, spatial characteristics developed, preservation- and renewal priorities are deduced, variants are conceived, spatial impact analysis of spatial ideas and graphic communication are to act as basis fordecision-finding. The present contribution also discusses the application possibilities of the “CAVE” (space with threedimensional image projections) as planning tool. The following questions are to be covered: qualitative and quantitative aspects of modeling of urban space, planning benefits arising from differing “levels of details” (LOD’s), “navigation in” and “interaction with urban spaces”, testing in line with requirements and examples of planning practice as well as current research- and development needs.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 10:02

_id	ddssup0201
id	ddssup0201
authors	Alexiou, K. and Zamenopoulos, T.
year	2002
title	Artificial Design and Planning Support: Interactive Plan Generation andCoordination in Distributed Decision-Making
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part two: Urban Planning Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	In this paper we discuss some basic issues pertaining to artificial plan design as a paradigm for architectural design and urban planning support. We present a model for artificial design generation based on learning control methodologies. Plan design is seen as a search for "coordinated" solutions (changes) that satisfy distributed domain requirements and views expressed by human or artificial agents. Learning control is used as a method to search for solutions that direct partial descriptionsproduced by agents, to follow their dynamically defined targets -despite conflicting requirements. The model is simulated for land use and layout plan design, involving decisions for the location and physical configuration of a hypothetical housing and retail development.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/11/21 15:15

_id	ddssup0214
id	ddssup0214
authors	Pelizaro, C., Timmermans, H., Laing, R. and Miller, D.
year	2002
title	Towards A Decision Support System for the Planning, Design and Maintenance of Urban Green Space
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part two: Urban Planning Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	As one of the domains of urban planning and design, that of green space is lagging behind in terms of the use of advanced computer technology, mo dels and design methodology compared to, for example, retail and transportation planning. However, recently, there is some evidence of the development and testing of tools such as visualization, GIS and conjoint analyses in this area, although not of more integrated Decision Support Systems. The purpose of this study is to outline ideas and needs for thedevelopment of a Decision Support System for the planning and design of green space. The objective is to provide planners with an integrated framework for the provision and management of these parts of urban areas.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	160eaea2001
id	160eaea2001
authors	Stellingwerff, Martijn
year	2002
title	Architects’ Visual Literacy
source	Environmental Simulation - New Impulses in Planning Processes [Proceedings of the 5th European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 3-922602-85-1]
summary	This paper presents a partial summary of my PhD research with the working title: “View preferences and effects - a study of visual language for architectural design within a represented urban context”. In contrast to much VR-research that focuses on techniques for the public presentation of a completed design or an existing urban site, this research focuses on the use of 3D-city-models during the architectural design process. The models serve as a source of visual information that can be used to bring the design in a good relation with the yet existing built environment. In the research, I investigated the possibilities to make a VRML - city-model adaptable in its representation, in order to adhere to both the factual and the imaginative needs of a designing architect. The paper consecutively presents the problem, the conceptual change and development of research questions, the methodology and a brief overview of the research findings.
series	EAEA
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

_id	6fff
authors	Talvittie, Juha
year	2002
title	The Influence of Information and Communication Technology on Spatial Development and Planning
source	CORP 2002, Vienna, pp. 453-456
summary	We live in an era of rapid change moving towards the information/knowledge/network society. eCity, eRegion, eCountry, eEuropeand the like are targets of many authorities round the world. One of the driving forces of this development is the new information andcommunication technology, ICT. This technology has developed rapidly during the last 20 years and the pace of development of newtools and applications is intense.The microprocessor, personal computer, mobile phone, e-mail, Internet, WWW and a number of software are good examples of ICT.The use of these tools is growing continuously and rapidly. The productivity of industries and effectiveness of services haveincreased. Civil society has found new ways of networking. Individuals have easy access to information around the world. Mobileand wireless communication is becoming commonplace.One aspect of ICT has been rarely discussed and that is: will ICT affect spatial development. During the agrarian era rural areas werethe focus of life, during the industrial era urbanisation took place. Railways and roads shaped spatial structures. Moderntelecommunications can be seen not only as a new way to behave but also as new kind of traffic. New ICT is not limited by location;it affects place and distance as the determinants of location. Thus it can be predicted that ICT as an essential element of informationsociety will reshape in the long run current regional, urban and rural structures and create new spatial forms for urban and rural life.Although there is still only little empirical evidence about n_w spatial development tendencies, a number of scientists have describedthese changes and illustrated what could happen. Land use planners should be aware of these development tendencies and beprepared for the new challenges they are facing.
series	other
email
more	www.corp.at
last changed	2002/12/19 12:13

_id	ga0208
id	ga0208
authors	Wang, Xu and Lau, Siu Yu
year	2002
title	Pursuing New Urban Living Environment In The New Millennium: Projecting The Future Of High-Rise And High Density Living In Hong Kong
source	International Conference on Generative Art
summary	High-rise and high density living is a way of life for most of the 6.7 Million population of Hong Kong. The merits and demerits affiliated with Hong Kong’s compact urban form continues to attract academic deliberations and debates over the acceptability of such urban form as an alternative to urban sprawl for future city and urban life-style. This paper traces the development and causes for Hong Kong’s high-rise and high-density urban form over the past fifty years or so, and focuses its discussions on the pros and cons of high-rise living based on subjective user survey in late 2001 and early 2002. Because of an articulated land shortage, acute topography, escalating population growth, and shortage of time, Hong Kong government and planners have little options left but to adopt vertical development, resulted in a densely and mixed use urban habitat packed with closely built high-rise residences and commercial buildings. From the survey, it is clear that mixed and intensive land use, high quality of living and recreation infrastructure, efficient public transportation network, and segregation of pedestrian and traffic can facilitate the performance of compact urban form. In addition, most of Hong Kong families have been accustomed to high-rise living pattern and the disadvantages such living pattern might cause on its resident’s social communication and children education are readily ignored by most of the people. Based on the analysis of current living situation and development trends in Hong Kong, new pattern of future city form is conceived to be a likely applicable development way in a coastal city with such high density as Hong Kong in the next 50 years. Design countermeasures are presented in this paper to suggest ways of alleviating the pressure of the forever-increasing house requirements in Hong Kong. high-density, high-rise, compact city, social acceptance, life-style.
keywords	high-density, high-rise, compact city, social acceptance, life-style
series	other
email
more	http://www.generativeart.com/
last changed	2003/08/07 17:25

_id	ddssar0214
id	ddssar0214
authors	Al Hassan, F., Trum, H.M.G.J. and Rutten, P.G.S.
year	2002
title	Strategic Briefing A Conceptual Process Model for Building Design
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	Nowadays building design problems are divided in partial discipline related sub-problems. Through targeted and focused attention to sub problems however the awareness of the whole is lost. Each designparticipant gives his sub-problem first priority. In contrast in the past the master builder saw the whole problem as his problem first. Thus the process of seeing the design problem as a whole, as a result ofprioritizing, considering constraints, or strategizing, is lost in today’s practice, basically because this process is a mental and implicit process, that occurred in the brain of the multi-disciplinary master builder.In most cases it is the task of no one in a design team today. The aim of this paper is modeling this conceptual mental implicit process design using System Theory and Cognitive Psychology, trying to determine the structure of the design problem as it occurs intuitively in the brain. The result will provide us with a mechanism that enables us each time to refine a unique common design problem representation. This leads to more effective use of design team capabilities, and forms an essential basis for organizing efforts toward collaborative solutions. Also some kind of clarity is provided as to how proposed solutions are to be judged.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/11/21 15:15

_id	a35a
authors	Arponen, Matti
year	2002
title	From 2D Base Map To 3D City Model
source	UMDS '02 Proceedings, Prague (Czech Republic) 2-4 October 2002, I.17-I.28
summary	Since 1997 Helsinki City Survey Division has proceeded in experimenting and in developing the methods for converting and supplementing current digital 2D base maps in the scale 1:500 to a 3D city model. Actually since 1986 project areas have been produced in 3D for city planning and construction projects, but working with the whole map database started in 1997 because of customer demands and competitive 3D projects. 3D map database needs new data modelling and structures, map update processes need new working orders and the draftsmen need to learn a new profession; the 3D modeller. Laser-scanning and digital photogrammetry have been used in collecting 3D information on the map objects. During the years 1999-2000 laser-scanning experiments covering 45 km2 have been carried out utilizing the Swedish TopEye system. Simultaneous digital photography produces material for orto photo mosaics. These have been applied in mapping out dated map features and in vectorizing 3D buildings manually, semi automatically and automatically. In modelling we use TerraScan, TerraPhoto and TerraModeler sw, which are developed in Finland. The 3D city model project is at the same time partially a software development project. An accuracy and feasibility study was also completed and will be shortly presented. The three scales of 3D models are also presented in this paper. Some new 3D products and some usage of 3D city models in practice will be demonstrated in the actual presentation.
keywords	3D City modeling
series	other
email
more	www.udms.net
last changed	2003/11/21 15:16

_id	63c3
authors	Burdi, Luciana
year	2002
title	Evaluating the Use of a Web-Based Collaborative Interactive Digital Model (CollABITA) in Supporting the Urban Design Approval Process1
source	UMDS '02 Proceedings, Prague (Czech Republic) 2-4 October 2002, III.1-III.15
summary	This research, after analyzing the Urban Development Approval Process in its functionalities and methodologies, is showing the key points at which the process might be supported by new computer technologies, and it establishes a web-based Collaborative Interactive Digital Model (CollABITA Model) that relates and facilitates the graphical representation of the urban design process with some elements of the methodological approach. The CollABITA Model will dramatically facilitate the idea of broadening public participation, and indirectly by this, also collaboration. This new web-based support tool, is focusing on how new Informative Computer Technologies can be used in order to have a more co-operative design process. By utilizing the enormous potential of Internet for informing the process, and software for visualizing its products, the Model will provide an effective support, which will be able to deliver information in various forms to the Designers, Developers, Decision Makers, Agencies and the final user (the Citizens). The Model is concerned with the big challenge of supporting the urban design approval process itself, by exploring different kind of visualizations and communication tools, rather than producing a guide for carrying out the design. CollABITA Model is based on the existent framework structure of the extranet tool already available. Then, more then those, CollABITA Model will try to solve, by adding technical and collaborative functionalities, those issues that are characteristics in the urban design process and that are not jet solved by using one of the software .
keywords	3D City modeling
series	other
email
more	www.udms.net
last changed	2003/03/29 10:43

_id	3a3d
authors	Coors, Volker
year	2002
title	Resource-Adaptive 3D Maps for Location Based Services
source	UMDS '02 Proceedings, Prague (Czech Republic) 2-4 October 2002, I.29-I.38
summary	In this paper, we present a database driven approach for managing and visualizing 3D urban city models and related multimedia content. Such a 3D database is a core component of a 3D Cadastre system (Coors 2002a). In the TellMaris project (IST 2000- 28249, www.tellmaris.com), we will make use of the 3D database to generate 3D maps. The objective of TellMaris is the development of a generic 3D-map interface to tourist information on mobile computers. The interface provides a new concept for creating value added information services on mobile computers for the European citizens related to geographical information. The interface is in the project used for accessing tourist information relevant for boat tourism in the Baltic Sea and Aegean Sea area in the Mediterranean. In this paper we focus on the online generation and compression of 3D-maps in order to make use of these maps in a mobile enviroment.
keywords	3D City modeling
series	other
email
more	www.udms.net
last changed	2003/03/29 10:42

_id	349e
authors	Durmisevic, Sanja
year	2002
title	Perception Aspects in Underground Spaces using Intelligent Knowledge Modeling
source	Delft University of Technology
summary	The intensification, combination and transformation are main strategies for future spatial development of the Netherlands, which are stated in the Fifth Bill regarding Spatial Planning. These strategies indicate that in the future, space should be utilized in a more compact and more efficient way requiring, at the same time, re-evaluation of the existing built environment and finding ways to improve it. In this context, the concept of multiple space usage is accentuated, which would focus on intensive 4-dimensional spatial exploration. The underground space is acknowledged as an important part of multiple space usage. In the document 'Spatial Exploration 2000', the underground space is recognized by policy makers as an important new 'frontier' that could provide significant contribution to future spatial requirements.In a relatively short period, the underground space became an important research area. Although among specialists there is appreciation of what underground space could provide for densely populated urban areas, there are still reserved feelings by the public, which mostly relate to the poor quality of these spaces. Many realized underground projects, namely subways, resulted in poor user satisfaction. Today, there is still a significant knowledge gap related to perception of underground space. There is also a lack of detailed documentation on actual applications of the theories, followed by research results and applied techniques. This is the case in different areas of architectural design, but for underground spaces perhaps most evident due to their infancv role in general architectural practice. In order to create better designs, diverse aspects, which are very often of qualitative nature, should be considered in perspective with the final goal to improve quality and image of underground space. In the architectural design process, one has to establish certain relations among design information in advance, to make design backed by sound rationale. The main difficulty at this point is that such relationships may not be determined due to various reasons. One example may be the vagueness of the architectural design data due to linguistic qualities in them. Another, may be vaguely defined design qualities. In this work, the problem was not only the initial fuzziness of the information but also the desired relevancy determination among all pieces of information given. Presently, to determine the existence of such relevancy is more or less a matter of architectural subjective judgement rather than systematic, non-subjective decision-making based on an existing design. This implies that the invocation of certain tools dealing with fuzzy information is essential for enhanced design decisions. Efficient methods and tools to deal with qualitative, soft data are scarce, especially in the architectural domain. Traditionally well established methods, such as statistical analysis, have been used mainly for data analysis focused on similar types to the present research. These methods mainly fall into a category of pattern recognition. Statistical regression methods are the most common approaches towards this goal. One essential drawback of this method is the inability of dealing efficiently with non-linear data. With statistical analysis, the linear relationships are established by regression analysis where dealing with non-linearity is mostly evaded. Concerning the presence of multi-dimensional data sets, it is evident that the assumption of linear relationships among all pieces of information would be a gross approximation, which one has no basis to assume. A starting point in this research was that there maybe both linearity and non-linearity present in the data and therefore the appropriate methods should be used in order to deal with that non-linearity. Therefore, some other commensurate methods were adopted for knowledge modeling. In that respect, soft computing techniques proved to match the quality of the multi-dimensional data-set subject to analysis, which is deemed to be 'soft'. There is yet another reason why soft-computing techniques were applied, which is related to the automation of knowledge modeling. In this respect, traditional models such as Decision Support Systems and Expert Systems have drawbacks. One important drawback is that the development of these systems is a time-consuming process. The programming part, in which various deliberations are required to form a consistent if-then rule knowledge based system, is also a time-consuming activity. For these reasons, the methods and tools from other disciplines, which also deal with soft data, should be integrated into architectural design. With fuzzy logic, the imprecision of data can be dealt with in a similar way to how humans do it. Artificial neural networks are deemed to some extent to model the human brain, and simulate its functions in the form of parallel information processing. They are considered important components of Artificial Intelligence (Al). With neural networks, it is possible to learn from examples, or more precisely to learn from input-output data samples. The combination of the neural and fuzzy approach proved to be a powerful combination for dealing with qualitative data. The problem of automated knowledge modeling is efficiently solved by employment of machine learning techniques. Here, the expertise of prof. dr. Ozer Ciftcioglu in the field of soft computing was crucial for tool development. By combining knowledge from two different disciplines a unique tool could be developed that would enable intelligent modeling of soft data needed for support of the building design process. In this respect, this research is a starting point in that direction. It is multidisciplinary and on the cutting edge between the field of Architecture and the field of Artificial Intelligence. From the architectural viewpoint, the perception of space is considered through relationship between a human being and a built environment. Techniques from the field of Artificial Intelligence are employed to model that relationship. Such an efficient combination of two disciplines makes it possible to extend our knowledge boundaries in the field of architecture and improve design quality. With additional techniques, meta know/edge, or in other words "knowledge about knowledge", can be created. Such techniques involve sensitivity analysis, which determines the amount of dependency of the output of a model (comfort and public safety) on the information fed into the model (input). Another technique is functional relationship modeling between aspects, which is derivation of dependency of a design parameter as a function of user's perceptions. With this technique, it is possible to determine functional relationships between dependent and independent variables. This thesis is a contribution to better understanding of users' perception of underground space, through the prism of public safety and comfort, which was achieved by means of intelligent knowledge modeling. In this respect, this thesis demonstrated an application of ICT (Information and Communication Technology) as a partner in the building design process by employing advanced modeling techniques. The method explained throughout this work is very generic and is possible to apply to not only different areas of architectural design, but also to other domains that involve qualitative data.
keywords	Underground Space; Perception; Soft Computing
series	thesis:PhD
email
last changed	2003/02/12 22:37

_id	ddssar0211
id	ddssar0211
authors	Fröst, Peter
year	2002
title	Interactive Tools for Collaborative Architectural Design
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	Today’s rapidly changing society is continuously developing towards an increased demand for multistakeholder knowledge and influence in the architectural planning and design process. Accordingly, we are working with developing and setting up a partner engaged collaborative design process. It includes active collaboration between users, external partners and designers, and visualizations in conceptual design and scenario building. My research is focusing on integrating visualization technology in theseprocesses by application of digital tools. We have developed a working prototype for an interactive design tool. The prototype is an extremely “easy to use” digital modeling tool called “ForeSite Designer.” With this tool one builds one’s own spatial environment with elements on a 2D surface.With one command the 2D layout is exported to a lit-up 3D/Virtual Reality world in the computer game “Half-Life”. ForeSite Designer has lately been used in a series of workshops together with external users. In these processes ForeSite Designer has played a crucial role as an arena of building spatially arranged concepts of future environments. The results show that it works, and, importantly, promotes a collaborative engagement among the users.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	7acb
authors	Kuenstle, Michael W.
year	2002
title	Auto-Generative Urban Interventions: A Study of the Relationship between Building Form Generation and Urban Context Mapping
source	SIGraDi 2002 - [Proceedings of the 6th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Caracas (Venezuela) 27-29 november 2002, pp. 297-298
summary	This project documents the progress of research developed to explore the unique relationship between building form and urban context with the application of a novel auto-generative modeling process incorporated into a speculative design methodology. The techniques and parameters for the project are reviewed relative to key concepts of D’Arcy Thompson’s dynamic “theory of transformation” and the development of the auto-generative modeling process. This is followed by a detailed discussion of the set of exchanges between the urban context (field of influence) and the formation of the building intervention that were subsequently mappedthrough a series of diagramming studies. Specific issues explored in the project focus on Thompson’s descriptive analysis of form as a “diagram of forces” and his use of flexible, deformable topological Cartesian nets (Method of Coordinates) to subject the stasis of geometric types to dynamic transformation. Some preliminary interpretations of the project results are evaluated through studies of the generative schemes deployed in different urban situations. The initial results of the study are demonstrated with a resultant schematic building design for a modest scaled intervention in the city of Miami.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:54

_id	b0f9
authors	Peng, C., Chang, D., Blundell-Jones, P. and Lawson, B.
year	2002
title	On an alternative framework for building virtual cities: supporting urban contextual modeling on demand
source	Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, Vol. 29, pp 87-103, Jan 2002
summary	For various purposes, virtual city applications have been developed around the globe to provide users with online resources and services over the Internet. Following our research on the Sheffield Urban Contextual Databank (SUCoD) project, this paper presents an alternative framework for building virtual cities, which goes beyond conventional static urban modelling. A three-tier system framework is described in conjunction with the design and implementation of the SUCoD prototype. We demonstrate SUCoD's novel functionalities by showing that complex urban contextual information sets, including three-dimensional interactive models, multilayer interactive maps, and hypermedia documents, can be retrieved dynamically by user-specified urban contextual attributes, spatial loca- tions, and boundaries. The three-tier framework also facilitates system development in an extensible way, allowing continuous parallel extensions of system functionalities, user-interface components, and contextual data resources. SUCoD's dynamic capabilities are considered crucial in its future uses for urban contextual modelling on demand in relation to the past, present, and future of the City of Sheffield.
series	journal paper
last changed	2003/04/23 15:50

_id	ddssar0228
id	ddssar0228
authors	Tunçer, B. and Stouffs, R.
year	2002
title	Modeling Cooperative Design Analyses
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	The study of precedents plays an important role in design and design education. Architecture students prepare analyses of prominent precedents with respect to various criteria. Such design analyses arerepresented and communicated through abstractions. Collections of these abstractions are stored, related, managed, and presented in digital environments. Such web-based environments can serve as anextensible library of design precedent analyses. The use of an extensive library by a collection of students requires a flexible and extensible information model for relating and integrating the various contributions. We propose a methodology that establishes an information model for digital architectural analysis environments. This model facilitates a rich information structure of abstraction entities and their relationships, both structural and semantic, offering increased value for accessing and browsing this information. Specifically, a rich information structure allows one to access the information from alternative views to those that are expressed by the individual abstractions. In this paper, we start bydiscussing precedent-based learning, and describe the abstraction model currently used for precedent documentation and analysis. We then present our methodology for achieving a rich information structure. We end the paper with a description of an implementation of this methodology as anarchitectural analysis construction and presentation environment for a second year design studio.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ddssup0202
id	ddssup0202
authors	Antoni, J.P.
year	2002
title	Urban Sprawl Modelling: Combining Models to Make Decision
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part two: Urban Planning Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	Urban sprawl is frequently associated with the idea of an unsuitable development, leading to increasing economic, social and environmental problems. Moreover, its control is difficult because multiple patterns (concerning numerous traditional urban planning fields) overlap. In order to understand the sprawl process and to manage its consequences, it must be simplified. The construction of a decision making tool appears then interesting. The GIS-based tool presented here is being developed incollaboration between the urban planning agency of Belfort and the laboratory of geography of Strasbourg. It requires three steps: 1. quantification of the sprawl (how much areas are involved in theurban sprawl process?); 2. location of the sprawl (where are the areas defined in the first step?); 3. differentiation of the sprawl (what are the areas located in the second step?). Of course, the successionof the three stages makes the use of the complete model more complex. So, a global ergonomic user interface is being developed within the GIS, allowing to modify each parameter and to play easily numerous simulations.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/11/21 15:15

_id	ddssar0204
id	ddssar0204
authors	Asanowicz, A.
year	2002
title	Evolution of Media for Early Design Stages
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	In this paper the evolution of media used at early design stages will be considered. In traditional methods of searching and presenting the design idea, the basic tool used was the graphic representation. Implementation of new digital techniques in 60s - 70s focused on the mathematical way ofrepresentation. These methods were “not architect friendly” (lack of graphic representation traditionally used by architects). As a result, the development of methods for digital support of form searching was terminated. The computer was used as a tool for drafting. Creative usage of computers for form searching through sketching on the display was extremely difficult. The computer could be described as an “incompatible pencil”. Only in recent years can we see new efforts in this area ofdesign methodology. Thanks to new technical possibilities we have a new chance for changing the process of designing. New kinds of software and hardware let us use the computer not as a pen, but as a medium. In this paper different new ways of form searching will be considered (from very simple method as the scansketches to very complicated ones, such as the generic algorithms). At the end, the influence of new media on the process of design will be presented.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/11/21 15:16

_id	ddssar0207
id	ddssar0207
authors	Conti, G. and Ucelli, G.
year	2002
title	A Java3D Tool for Real-Time Collaboration in a Virtual Reality CAADEnvironment
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	Today the development of network-based virtual communities and the use of avatars have brought a new level of complexity to the meaning of virtuality, providing the technology for remote presence and collaborative experiences. In this project the intention was to pursue this articulated vision of VR in order to assist the design profession during the early stages of the design process. The objective was to provide a tool that is capable of creating 3D shapes in a shared VR environment, thus allowing thedesign and its evolution to be shared. The use of the Java programming language was a natural choice for this project. Because of Java’s performance scalability and hardware independence the concept ofCAAD has been extended, making it possible to create a VR environment that can co-exist between high-end supercomputers and standard PCs. The project is currently being tested using PCs and an SGI system running a Reality Centre. The research reported in this paper describes the architecture and application of software that aims to increase the opportunity for collaboration within virtual worlds and enable effective and transparent information exchange.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ddssar0209
id	ddssar0209
authors	Datta, Sambit
year	2002
title	Managing Design Knowledge with Mixed-Initiative Dialogue
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	This paper is based on ongoing work in developing interactive interfaces to formal methods for encoding design knowledge. It reports on the development of a shared graphical notation to support user interaction with design knowledge based on mixed-initiative. Mixed-initiativeprovides a model of interaction where both the designer and the knowledge formalism may share responsibility over decisions. The paper discusses how a formal visual notation can support the mixed-initiative mode for developing and managing formal design knowledge. The notation addresses on the dialogue problem between the user and a knowledge basedformalism and illustrates a model of interaction in which the user and the formalism can share and input data through a common shared resource, on a common shared task. The paper demonstrates the use of this notation in common decision tasks and the implications for seamless interaction with design support systems.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ddssup0205
id	ddssup0205
authors	Deguchi, A., Tabira, Y., Matsuura, H., Nakano, H. and Arima, T.
year	2002
title	Integration System of Archaeological and Geographical Informationfor Planning in Historical Regions
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part two: Urban Planning Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	This study aims to construct the GIS for supporting the planning process and archaeological analysis in the historical regions by integrating geographical data and archaeological data on the sites with ruinsand remains in various period from ancient through medieval which had been buried and was recently excavated in geologic layers and mounds. First, for understanding the trends of environmental condition the excavated sites, we analyze the relationship between the site location and the condition ofgeography and natural environment by using the constructed system.Secondary, we develop the system to make it possible to browse and operate the information on the GIS through the internet. This web GIS constructed by us supports sharing the information on planning for preservation of historical sites among city planners, archaeologists and citizens, and serve as a tool for the collaboration and the coordination of urban development and historical preservation. Finally, as the application with the GIS, we show the results of case studies and point out the merits and effects about usage of the GIS for archaeological analysis as well as learning the local history.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

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