Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ddssar0201
id	ddssar0201
authors	Achten, H.H.
year	2002
title	Requirements for Collaborative Design in Architecture
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	The concept of collaborative design has recently come under renewed attention in the field of computer aided architectural design support. Although collaborative design deals with the same aspects of cooperation by various participants in the design process as previously studiedin, for example, concurrent engineering and multi-disciplinary design, it nevertheless puts a different research emphasis. Collaborative design looks at how the process can be improved in such a way that collaboration –working together in a manner to enhance each participants contribution to the design– emerges from the process. In engineering design practice, thismeans a shift forward in the design process where engineers are asked earlier for their input in the design solution. For CAAD research, the phenomenon of collaborative design poses the question how design tools and environments can be made in such a way that collaboration will occur. In this paper, the aims is to describe the concept of collaborative design in architecture, and to give an outline of the perceived requirements in the organisation of design and Computer Aided Design Support to achieve collaborative design.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/11/21 15:15

_id	ddssar0214
id	ddssar0214
authors	Al Hassan, F., Trum, H.M.G.J. and Rutten, P.G.S.
year	2002
title	Strategic Briefing A Conceptual Process Model for Building Design
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	Nowadays building design problems are divided in partial discipline related sub-problems. Through targeted and focused attention to sub problems however the awareness of the whole is lost. Each designparticipant gives his sub-problem first priority. In contrast in the past the master builder saw the whole problem as his problem first. Thus the process of seeing the design problem as a whole, as a result ofprioritizing, considering constraints, or strategizing, is lost in today’s practice, basically because this process is a mental and implicit process, that occurred in the brain of the multi-disciplinary master builder.In most cases it is the task of no one in a design team today. The aim of this paper is modeling this conceptual mental implicit process design using System Theory and Cognitive Psychology, trying to determine the structure of the design problem as it occurs intuitively in the brain. The result will provide us with a mechanism that enables us each time to refine a unique common design problem representation. This leads to more effective use of design team capabilities, and forms an essential basis for organizing efforts toward collaborative solutions. Also some kind of clarity is provided as to how proposed solutions are to be judged.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/11/21 15:15

_id	ddssar0202
id	ddssar0202
authors	Akin, Ömer and Özkaya, Ipek
year	2002
title	Models of Design Requirement
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	Case studies show that significant proportions of design errors and failures are linked to poor requirement specification during both early stages of design and as changes occur. Computational requirements engineering as a front-end to design iterations is a promising area addressing theseproblems. In other design disciplines, such as in software engineering, requirement engineering has given significant product improvements. In this paper, we present a state-space representation of requirement models for architectural design. The purpose of requirement modeling in design is tocreate a process by which requirements can be converted into working design solutions through frontend validation. We suggest three models of requirement specification, co-evolutionary [CoM], multiple domain [MDM] and single domain [SDM] models, that can facilitate this effort. Taken together all three models provide a full set of logical permutations of requirement-solution “worlds” and “operations.” We compare each model against the others in terms of facilitating change management and computability.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/11/21 15:15

_id	ddssup0201
id	ddssup0201
authors	Alexiou, K. and Zamenopoulos, T.
year	2002
title	Artificial Design and Planning Support: Interactive Plan Generation andCoordination in Distributed Decision-Making
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part two: Urban Planning Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	In this paper we discuss some basic issues pertaining to artificial plan design as a paradigm for architectural design and urban planning support. We present a model for artificial design generation based on learning control methodologies. Plan design is seen as a search for "coordinated" solutions (changes) that satisfy distributed domain requirements and views expressed by human or artificial agents. Learning control is used as a method to search for solutions that direct partial descriptionsproduced by agents, to follow their dynamically defined targets -despite conflicting requirements. The model is simulated for land use and layout plan design, involving decisions for the location and physical configuration of a hypothetical housing and retail development.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/11/21 15:15

_id	ddssar0206
id	ddssar0206
authors	Bax, M.F.Th. and Trum, H.M.G.J.
year	2002
title	Faculties of Architecture
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	In order to be inscribed in the European Architect’s register the study program leading to the diploma ‘Architect’ has to meet the criteria of the EC Architect’s Directive (1985). The criteria are enumerated in 11 principles of Article 3 of the Directive. The Advisory Committee, established by the European Council got the task to examine such diplomas in the case some doubts are raised by other Member States. To carry out this task a matrix was designed, as an independent interpreting framework that mediates between the principles of Article 3 and the actual study program of a faculty. Such a tool was needed because of inconsistencies in the list of principles, differences between linguistic versions ofthe Directive, and quantification problems with time, devoted to the principles in the study programs. The core of the matrix, its headings, is a categorisation of the principles on a higher level of abstractionin the form of a taxonomy of domains and corresponding concepts. Filling in the matrix means that each study element of the study programs is analysed according to their content in terms of domains; thesummation of study time devoted to the various domains results in a so-called ‘profile of a faculty’. Judgement of that profile takes place by committee of peers. The domains of the taxonomy are intrinsically the same as the concepts and categories, needed for the description of an architectural design object: the faculties of architecture. This correspondence relates the taxonomy to the field of design theory and philosophy. The taxonomy is an application of Domain theory. This theory,developed by the authors since 1977, takes as a view that the architectural object only can be described fully as an integration of all types of domains. The theory supports the idea of a participatory andinterdisciplinary approach to design, which proved to be awarding both from a scientific and a social point of view. All types of domains have in common that they are measured in three dimensions: form, function and process, connecting the material aspects of the object with its social and proceduralaspects. In the taxonomy the function dimension is emphasised. It will be argued in the paper that the taxonomy is a categorisation following the pragmatistic philosophy of Charles Sanders Peirce. It will bedemonstrated as well that the taxonomy is easy to handle by giving examples of its application in various countries in the last 5 years. The taxonomy proved to be an adequate tool for judgement ofstudy programs and their subsequent improvement, as constituted by the faculties of a Faculty of Architecture. The matrix is described as the result of theoretical reflection and practical application of a matrix, already in use since 1995. The major improvement of the matrix is its direct connection with Peirce’s universal categories and the self-explanatory character of its structure. The connection with Peirce’s categories gave the matrix a more universal character, which enables application in other fieldswhere the term ‘architecture’ is used as a metaphor for artefacts.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/11/21 15:16

_id	ddssar0207
id	ddssar0207
authors	Conti, G. and Ucelli, G.
year	2002
title	A Java3D Tool for Real-Time Collaboration in a Virtual Reality CAADEnvironment
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	Today the development of network-based virtual communities and the use of avatars have brought a new level of complexity to the meaning of virtuality, providing the technology for remote presence and collaborative experiences. In this project the intention was to pursue this articulated vision of VR in order to assist the design profession during the early stages of the design process. The objective was to provide a tool that is capable of creating 3D shapes in a shared VR environment, thus allowing thedesign and its evolution to be shared. The use of the Java programming language was a natural choice for this project. Because of Java’s performance scalability and hardware independence the concept ofCAAD has been extended, making it possible to create a VR environment that can co-exist between high-end supercomputers and standard PCs. The project is currently being tested using PCs and an SGI system running a Reality Centre. The research reported in this paper describes the architecture and application of software that aims to increase the opportunity for collaboration within virtual worlds and enable effective and transparent information exchange.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ddssar0208
id	ddssar0208
authors	Cumming, Michael
year	2002
title	A Bottom-Up Approach to Design Coordination
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	The design industry like any other industry could benefit from process support for its practitioners. However, what constitutes legitimate process support for designers is a difficult research question. In order to support designers in their processes, first one needs to know what designers do. This is not only a question of knowing what designers do in general, but also what particular designers do in their own individual design practice. How to find out what designers do, that is, how to acquire knowledge abouttheir design processes, is also a difficult research question. Providing process support for designers is seen as a task, which cannot be divorced from design process acquisition. That is, one is unlikely to provideprocess support, without acquiring an understanding, what individual designers actually do, and conversely, one is unlikely to acquire an understanding of what designers do, without providing process support for designers. An application whose goal it is to provide both design process support for designers working in collaborative design teams, and also acquires a particular type of design process representationof design processes, is described.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ddssup0205
id	ddssup0205
authors	Deguchi, A., Tabira, Y., Matsuura, H., Nakano, H. and Arima, T.
year	2002
title	Integration System of Archaeological and Geographical Informationfor Planning in Historical Regions
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part two: Urban Planning Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	This study aims to construct the GIS for supporting the planning process and archaeological analysis in the historical regions by integrating geographical data and archaeological data on the sites with ruinsand remains in various period from ancient through medieval which had been buried and was recently excavated in geologic layers and mounds. First, for understanding the trends of environmental condition the excavated sites, we analyze the relationship between the site location and the condition ofgeography and natural environment by using the constructed system.Secondary, we develop the system to make it possible to browse and operate the information on the GIS through the internet. This web GIS constructed by us supports sharing the information on planning for preservation of historical sites among city planners, archaeologists and citizens, and serve as a tool for the collaboration and the coordination of urban development and historical preservation. Finally, as the application with the GIS, we show the results of case studies and point out the merits and effects about usage of the GIS for archaeological analysis as well as learning the local history.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ddssar0210
id	ddssar0210
authors	Friedl, G., Trum, H.M.G.J. and Rutten, P.G.S.
year	2002
title	An Innovative Model of the Building Development ProcessDesign as a Process of Crystallisation
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	In the past, models describing the development of artefacts, including buildings, usually were of a linear nature thereby suggesting a sequential path from conception of the artefact to its completion. This has consequences for the sequence of activities in the design and programming phase. However, designing is basically a thinking activity and is as such not bound to the same laws as e.g. the construction process. This must have repercussions for the way the design process is designed andmanaged. The proposed conceptual model of the artefact development process – in this case a building design process – is a kind of framework which is more in accordance with the nature of thinkingactivities. It should stimulate a non-sequential process. The development of a solution to a design problem thus should become a responsive search process driven by insights and creative leaps but guided by the framework the model provides. Furthermore, the model is meant to support the exploration and clarification of the problem as well as to extend the solution space by various means such as the development of scenarios and strategic values as a basis for the realisation of the building project’s goals. This model is an essential element in the development of an innovative approach towards the process design of the building design process. The creation of a building (conception, design and development) is not considered a sequential process but a process of crystallisation with the potential of developing in all directions, thus growing from a conceptual centre outwards.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ddssar0211
id	ddssar0211
authors	Fröst, Peter
year	2002
title	Interactive Tools for Collaborative Architectural Design
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	Today’s rapidly changing society is continuously developing towards an increased demand for multistakeholder knowledge and influence in the architectural planning and design process. Accordingly, we are working with developing and setting up a partner engaged collaborative design process. It includes active collaboration between users, external partners and designers, and visualizations in conceptual design and scenario building. My research is focusing on integrating visualization technology in theseprocesses by application of digital tools. We have developed a working prototype for an interactive design tool. The prototype is an extremely “easy to use” digital modeling tool called “ForeSite Designer.” With this tool one builds one’s own spatial environment with elements on a 2D surface.With one command the 2D layout is exported to a lit-up 3D/Virtual Reality world in the computer game “Half-Life”. ForeSite Designer has lately been used in a series of workshops together with external users. In these processes ForeSite Designer has played a crucial role as an arena of building spatially arranged concepts of future environments. The results show that it works, and, importantly, promotes a collaborative engagement among the users.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ddssar0224
id	ddssar0224
authors	Mardjono, F., Trum, H.M.G.J. and Janssen, J.
year	2002
title	Development of a Decision Support Tool for Bamboo Building Design
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	The design process of a bamboo building is sometimes very complex for building designers, since there is no accepted design methodology for it. This process may be caused by a lack of relevant information provided to the designer. Based on this issue, this paper proposes a decision support system for application in bamboo building design that might be helpful for the designer in his/her design process. For this purpose, a decision support tool for bamboo building design process is being developed. Thedevelopment of the tool uses approaches, i.e. a taxonomy of bamboo building to identify the design problems, IDEFÆ to model the decision support tool, and develops a dedicated tool for Bamboo building design process. This tool has been tested in an international bamboo-housing workshop, hence results, suggestions, and recommendations from the workshop will be analysed. With this tool, the bamboo-building designer can make a bamboo building design in a systematic way. This tool also helpsthe designer to be as best informed, explicit, correct, and complete as possible during the design process.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ddssar0225
id	ddssar0225
authors	Ozsariyildiz, S.S., Sariyildiz, I.S. and Stouffs, R.
year	2002
title	ICKT support for the Building Industry: A Virtual Partner
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	We are now at a stage in which ICKT techniques allows us to develop knowledge intensive systems, such as intelligent decision support systems, to support collaboration and cooperation. This paper describes a theoretical approach, in which collaborative agents take on the role as a partner during the decision making process, in order to support various actors in the building process. The group-decision making set-up will be discussed and we will give an overview on the state of art of this subject. We will give some insights into their application in the building practice. In addition, we will provide some examples of use-case-scenarios as inception and early design support and evaluate it.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ddssup0214
id	ddssup0214
authors	Pelizaro, C., Timmermans, H., Laing, R. and Miller, D.
year	2002
title	Towards A Decision Support System for the Planning, Design and Maintenance of Urban Green Space
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part two: Urban Planning Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	As one of the domains of urban planning and design, that of green space is lagging behind in terms of the use of advanced computer technology, mo dels and design methodology compared to, for example, retail and transportation planning. However, recently, there is some evidence of the development and testing of tools such as visualization, GIS and conjoint analyses in this area, although not of more integrated Decision Support Systems. The purpose of this study is to outline ideas and needs for thedevelopment of a Decision Support System for the planning and design of green space. The objective is to provide planners with an integrated framework for the provision and management of these parts of urban areas.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ddssup0216
id	ddssup0216
authors	Saarloos, D.J.M., Arentze, T.A., Borgers, A.W.J. and Timmermans, H.J.P.
year	2002
title	Towards a Local Planning Support System,Introducing the MASQUE Framework
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part two: Urban Planning Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	Urban planning is an important instrument for improving the quality of life, but it is hampered by the fact that the effects of many decisions, to be made by the planner, are practically unknown or at best unclear. The high level of complexity, uncertainty and subjectivity involved in urban plan development is seriously troubling the planner. One way of facilitating the plan development process, and potentially improving the decision-making, is developing a Planning Support System (PSS) that combines artificialintelligence with a gamut of computational tools that support the process. At the Eindhoven University of Technology a research program is conducted to develop such a system for local urban planning in the Netherlands. The system, named MASQUE (Multi-Agent System for supporting the Quest forUrban Excellence), applies Multi-Agent technology to incorporate multidisciplinary expertise on both tools and domains as well as to enable intelligent guidance and assistance towards the user. Strong emphasis is put on the scenario-based way of working that is common in urban planning. This paper puts forward the difficulties faced in local planning practice and discusses the possibilities for computer-assistance. This finally resolves into the introduction of the MASQUE framework, describing how the system is organized and how the agents will be involved.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ddssar0212
id	ddssar0212
authors	Scott Gowans and John Graham
year	2002
title	Appropriate Collectives: A Contemporary Structure For Collaborative Working
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	This paper attempts to illustrate the importance of the conceptual initiative in the design process and how, through the development of a poetic narrative, it can inform the process of creative design andmanufacture. The argument outlined proposes the adoption of a poetic narrative as a mechanism for defining and clarifying the designers’ intention with the use of metaphorical associations advocated as ameans of exploiting our innate ability for intuitive extrapolation. Our approach gives emphasis to the conceptual corollary or intellectual process that underpins all considered design work and challenges the traditionally accepted methods of project development where this phase of the process is seen as having a pre-prescribed beginning and end. The paper is also intended as a statement of intent that celebrates the unique nature of our interdisciplinary working practices and, as a contextualisingdocument that posits a realistic and contemporary vision for the future of collaborative endeavours. We illustrate how, through the adherence to a philosophy of creative realism and by the establishment of legitimate, ephemeral collectives; we can effectively instigate and address opportunities in many areas at any given time. In the paper we actively promote an expansive and creative engagement with the dynamics of project inception, development and control as a means of realising our collective aspirations and of ensuring project ownership in the widest sense. The paper discusses creatively critical architectural and new media projects that attempt to subvert a number of modern orthodoxies bysupplanting them with an affective internal logic.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ddssup0217
id	ddssup0217
authors	Shen, Z., Kawakami, M. and Kishimoto, K.
year	2002
title	Study on the Development of an On-line Design Collaboration System for Public Participation - A Case Study of Public Park Planning and Design
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part two: Urban Planning Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	As a result of reviewing existing research in the field of public participation, an on-line collaborative design system can be broken down into the following four sub-systems : the planning objectives system, the discussion system,the proposals system and the design game system. Using these systems, participants can exchange their ideas and concepts, experience the present situation and give their opinions on an interactive web site. Furthermore, in the design game system, the participants can design their park plan according to their preferences and save their design to a server database. Other participants can then access the database to review another participant’s design for purposes of comparing and getting consensus. In order to evaluate our demonstration system, we carried out anexperiment using the design game in Yamanoue community where a park project was scheduled by the local government of the area. Through the participation of the residents and university students, we were able to analyze the design process of the park design workshop in an Internet environment. In particular we were able to examine the exchanging of participates’ ideas, the process they all used in creating VRML worlds of their park design and the effectiveness of VRML for plan presentation.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ddssar0220
id	ddssar0220
authors	Van Leeuwen, Jos P.
year	2002
title	Knowledge Sharing for Collaborative Design
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	This paper presents the preliminary results of a research project that aims to develop and apply Design Knowledge Servers (DesKs) in the building and construction industry. The paper starts with a view on where the development of computer application in design and construction might be heading. It briefly looks at the current situation concerning information modelling for design support and compares two alternative ways of developing standards in this area. After this sketch of its context, the DesKs project is introduced and its objectives, characteristics, implementations issues, and application scenarios are discussed. The paper concludes with a preview of the next steps we will attempt to take and with an explanation of why it all takes so long.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/08/07 16:36

_id	ddssar0203
id	ddssar0203
authors	Alkass, Sabah and Jrade, Ahmad
year	2002
title	A Web-Based Virtual Reality Model for Preliminary Estimates of Hi-Rise Building Projects
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	Cost estimating of a construction project at its early stage is considered to be very important task since it will be used as a base to commit or otherwise not to commit funds to that project. Preparation of a reliableand realistic preliminary estimate to aid the decision makers to commit funds for a specific project is a complicated assignment. Traditional methods and operations produced unsatisfactory aid due to lack ofaccuracy especially in the pre-design stage of a project. This participates in the increase of percentage of bankruptcy in the construction industry, which has dramatically climbed up and ranked as 15 percent of thewhole bankruptcies claimed in Canada (Statistic Canada 1998). This paper presents a methodology for developing and a Web-based model to automate preliminary cost estimates for hi-rise buildings. This is achieved by integrating a database with design drawings in a Virtual Reality (VR) environment. The model will automatically generate preliminary estimates after modifying a 3D CAD drawing. It provides the user the option to visualize and simulate the drawing and its cost data through VR environment. Having done that, it will allow owners, architects and cost engineers to view a constructed building project, change its geometric objects and shapes, and accordingly generate a new conceptual cost estimate.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/11/21 15:15

_id	ddssar0204
id	ddssar0204
authors	Asanowicz, A.
year	2002
title	Evolution of Media for Early Design Stages
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	In this paper the evolution of media used at early design stages will be considered. In traditional methods of searching and presenting the design idea, the basic tool used was the graphic representation. Implementation of new digital techniques in 60s - 70s focused on the mathematical way ofrepresentation. These methods were “not architect friendly” (lack of graphic representation traditionally used by architects). As a result, the development of methods for digital support of form searching was terminated. The computer was used as a tool for drafting. Creative usage of computers for form searching through sketching on the display was extremely difficult. The computer could be described as an “incompatible pencil”. Only in recent years can we see new efforts in this area ofdesign methodology. Thanks to new technical possibilities we have a new chance for changing the process of designing. New kinds of software and hardware let us use the computer not as a pen, but as a medium. In this paper different new ways of form searching will be considered (from very simple method as the scansketches to very complicated ones, such as the generic algorithms). At the end, the influence of new media on the process of design will be presented.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/11/21 15:16

_id	ddssar0205
id	ddssar0205
authors	Batara, A., Dave, B. and Bishop, I.
year	2002
title	Design Decision Support through Translation between Multiple Representations of Spatial Data
source	Timmermans, Harry (Ed.), Sixth Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning - Part one: Architecture Proceedings Avegoor, the Netherlands), 2002
summary	Urban planning and urban design involve collaboration of diverse participants with multiple agendas and multiple criteria. The participants typically use multiple representations of spatial data to derive inferences and insights about the planning problems, leading to a shared decision-making process. To support such multidisciplinary work, this paper proposes a new computational approach and technique for translation between multiple representations of spatial data. This approach is designed to supportdesign decision-making in the interrelated interests of design participants. Prototype implementation and evaluation are conducted to test and validate the proposals.
series	DDSS
last changed	2003/11/21 15:16

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