Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	caadria2003_b1-2
id	caadria2003_b1-2
authors	Chakraborty, Somen
year	2003
title	Automated Generation of Residential Roomlayout within a Constrained Covered Area
source	CAADRIA 2003 [Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 974-9584-13-9] Bangkok Thailand 18-20 October 2003, pp. 85-100
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2003.085
summary	A significant quantum of all buildings constructed in modern times is designed for residential purpose. A tremendous amount of money is being spent every year for construction of residential buildings. Therefore, optimization of design becomes very important. In a country like India most people in urban area live in houses having constrained area. A significant part of residential units comes under mass housing either as high-rise building blocks or as plotted developments. In any of such schemes there are large number of housing units for a group of families of whom general characteristics are known but characteristics of individual families are not known at the time of designing. This situation is, however, suitable for scientific investigation and analysis based on statistical surveys. Broadly speaking, this paper suggests approach to deal with this situation of finding optimum layout of rooms of a housing unit for any target group of families when the covered area is so constrained that freedom of using different criteria like aesthetics, structural systems, materials and methods of construction in varieties of ways is drastically reduced. In such constrained area for housing units rooms are generally found rectangular within overall rectangular outline of each unit. Method shown here is valid under this restriction. It is also assumed that number of rooms will be restricted to such number that exhaustive search for design is practically possible within a reasonable time with present day capabilities of normally available PCs.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ecaade03_301_36_rafi
id	ecaade03_301_36_rafi
authors	Rafi, Ahmad M. E. and Jabar, Mohd. Fazidin
year	2003
title	FCM: An Automated Flood Crisis Management System
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 301-304
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.301
summary	This research presents our progress of the second phase of City Administration System (CAS) (Rafi and Fazidin, 2001). It covers the terrain generation of Kuala Lumpur’s Central Business District about 30km x 30km at 1 meter resolution using the latest stereoscopic satellite data and survey data from Mapping Department of Malaysia’s Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment. CAS will be designed to have three main functions, namely: Flood Crisis Management (FCM), Architectural and Town Planning Management, and City Services and Administration. At a 1meter resolution, CAS will be able to predict, manage and visualise flash and major floods within the city with a very high degree of accuracy. It has been identified for CAS that there is a need to share information through collaborative environment in a more centralised manner that allows collective decisions, facilitates continuous updates, communicates effectively and permits the sharing of experiences and ideas.
keywords	CAS; FCM; collaborative environment; sensor
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.mmu.edu.my
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	cf_2003_000
id	cf_2003_000
authors	Chiu, M.-L., Tsou, J.-Y., Kvan, Th., Morozumi, M. and Jeng, T.-S. (Eds.)
year	2003
title	Digital Design - Research and Practice
source	Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 1-4020-1210-1 / Tainan (Taiwan) 13–15 October 2003, 464 p.
summary	The use of computers in the design of the built environment has reached a watershed. From peripheral devices in the design process, they have in recent years come to take centre stage. An illustration is immediately at hand. Just as the entries to the competition for the Chicago Tribune Tower in 1922 defined the state-of-the-art at the beginning of the twentieth century, we have a similar marker at the end of the century, the competition in 2002 to replace the World Trade Centre towers in Lower Manhattan offered us a range of architectural solutions that exemplified the state-of-the-art eighty years later, setting forth not only architectural statements but also illustrating clearly the importance of computers in the design of the built environment. In these entries of 2002, we can see that computers have not only become essential to the communication of design but in the investigation and generation of structure, form and composition. The papers in this book are the current state-of-the-art in computer-aided design as it stands in 2003. It is the tenth in a series sponsored by the CAAD Futures Foundation, compiled from papers presented at the biennial CAAD Futures Conferences. As a series, the publications have charted the steady progress in developing the theoretical and practical foundations for applications in design practice. This volume continues in that tradition; thus, this book is entitled Digital Design: Research and Practice. The papers are grouped into three major categories, reflecting thrusts of research and practice, namely: Data and information: its organisation, handling and access, including agents; Virtual worlds: their creation, application and interfaces; and Analysis and creation of form and fabric. The editors received 121 abstracts after the initial call for contributions. From these, 61 abstracts were selected for development into complete papers for further review. From these submissions, 39 papers were chosen for inclusion in this publication. These papers show that the field has evolved from theoretical and development concerns to questions of practice in the decade during which this conference has showcased leading work. Questions of theoretical nature remain as the boundaries of our field expand. As design projects have grasped the potentials of computer-aided design, so have they challenged the capabilities of the tools. Papers here address questions in geometric representation and manipulation (Chiu and Chiu; Kocaturk, Veltkamp and Tuncer), topics that may have been considered to be solved. As design practice becomes increasingly knowledge based, better ways of managing, manipulating and accessing the complex wealth of design information becomes more pressing, demanding continuing research in issues such as modelling (Yang; Wang; Zreik et al), data retrieval and querying (Hwang and Choi; Stouffs and Cumming; Zreik, Stouffs, Tuncer, Ozsariyildiz and Beheshti), new modes of perceiving data (Segers; Tan). Tools are needed to manage, mine and create information for creative work, such as agents (Liew and Gero; Smith; Caneparo and Robiglio; Ding et al) or to support design processes (Smith; Chase). Systems for the support and development of designs continue (Gero; Achten and Jessurun). As progress is made on some fronts, such as user interfaces, attention is again turned to previously research areas such as lighting (Jung, Gross and Do; Ng et al; Wittkopf; Chevier; Glaser, Do and Tai) or services (Garcia; Chen and Lin). In recent years the growth of connectivity has led to a rapid growth in collaborative experience and understanding of the opportunities and issues continues to mature (Jabi; Dave; Zamenopoulos and Alexiou). Increasing interest is given to implications in practice and education (Dave; Oxman; Caneparo, Grassi and Giretti). Topics new to this conference are in the area of design to production or manufacture (Fischer, Burry and Frazer; Shih). Three additional invited papers (Rekimoto; Liu; Kalay) provide clear indication that there is still room to develop new spatial concepts and computer augmented environments for design. In conclusion, we note that these papers represent a good record of the current state of the evolving research in the field of digital design.
series	CAAD Futures
email
more	http://www.caadfutures.arch.tue.nl/
last changed	2003/09/22 12:21

_id	acadia03_004
id	acadia03_004
authors	Williamson, R. Shane
year	2003
title	Process and Individuation: Designing for Controlled Indeterminacy
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, pp. 29-37
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.029
summary	Through the presentation of the design of a memorial, this paper intends to introduce an iterative design process that incorporates particle-based animation, parametrically constrained operations, and a variety of rapid-prototyping techniques. This is a project rooted in the generation and interpretation of physical artifacts dependent upon both the generative potential of digital media and the subjective modifications associated with design authorship It is stated in the brief for this ACADIA topic node that “the maturity of design, modeling, visualization, manufacturing and collaboration tools has allowed them to be naturally and comfortably integrated into the design process at all stages.” As such, the design statement for this memorial makes no mention of the incorporation of digital media. Process is subordinate to its result. Simply, the victims’ families would not find the range of technology incorporated in this design pertinent to the matter at hand: the design of a memorial to honor the victims of the attack on the Pentagon. Within the context of this “Digital Design” topic node, though, it is my intention to expose the digital underpinnings of this project and position it within a discourse somewhere between ars accidentalis and the constraints of fully parametric and geometrically-associative design.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	cf2003_m_079
id	cf2003_m_079
authors	PETRIC, J., CONTI, G. and UCELLI, G.
year	2003
title	Designing within Virtual Worlds
source	Digital Design - Research and Practice [Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 1-4020-1210-1] Tainan (Taiwan) 13–15 October 2003, pp. 213-224
summary	This paper celebrates the successful outcome of a trial of an innovative multi-platform distributed design decision support system in which the shared design environment exists within the virtual world. The outcome is the result of a sustained three-year research and development effort, within an internationally recognised research group. The project set itself a number of ambitious targets within the broad spectrum of distributed design decision support, viz: • A multi-platform environment: the trial demonstrates inter-operability of different machine platforms - from a home PC to an international standard Virtual Reality Centre. • A distributed environment: the trial demonstrates the high level of understanding amongst the design team separated by time and space. • An ability to propose, discuss and agree upon, design decision from within the virtual world. Hitherto, virtual environments were viewing galleries; designers had to leave them to effect design changes in a conventional CAD package. The trial described in the paper amply demonstrates the potential to design, collaboratively and, in distributed mode, from within the virtual world. The two ideas upon which the system (known as JCAD-VR) is built are: • That all the users present in the virtual world have to be able to share the same virtual environment in a "transparent fashion"; • The user interface, instead of the traditional menu/windows based layout, is part of the virtual world itself. Any element of the interface becomes an object belonging to the 3D world and therefore it is treated as any other object. Each element of the interface can then be moved or scaled according to the user’s needs. The entire project is based on client-server architecture where every user logs into a virtual world and starts sharing design tasks with other users. The authors propose to present a video which demonstrates the positive outcome of the trials to date. More importantly, perhaps, the authors will put the achievements of the R+D into the context of past aspirations and developments in the subject area and, most importantly of all, suggest how these modest achievements will impact on the next decade of increasingly rapid R+D.
keywords	collaboration, distributed design, interface, virtual environment
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2003/09/22 12:21

_id	ecaade03_527_71_donath
id	ecaade03_527_71_donath
authors	Donath, Dirk and Weferling, Ulrich
year	2003
title	Digital building surveying and planning Integrative approaches with commercial object-oriented CAAD systems
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 527-532
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.527
summary	As a result of growing activity in the field of renovation and building within existing built contexts, modern digital tools and methods are increasingly in demand. Support of the planning process means: the step-by-step capture of building-relevant information, a rule and parameter-based development of solutions and the combination of traditional and automated methods and technologies used for model creation (building surveying) and model transformation (planning). This article discusses general requirements and the results from our own research and development as well as illustrating how building surveying can already contribute to the planning process more effectively using currently available tools.
keywords	Planning, Building surveying, Process model, CAAD, IT-planning tools, renovation, 3D-model, information systems
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://infar.architektur.uni-weimar.de
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	6915
authors	Dorninger, Peter
year	2003
title	XML Technologies and Geodata
source	CORP 2003, Vienna University of Technology, 25.2.-28.2.2003 [Proceedings on CD-Rom]
summary	Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing are very important methods for acquisition of geodata. During the previous decade, severalrevolutionary changes occurred in this area. Until the appearance of automated image analysis tools, it was necessary to measureselected points in the images given. At that time, it was much faster and even cheaper to get images of real world objects compared tothe time and money consuming process of manual analyses. So one tried to minimize this effort by measuring only characteristicpoints such as edges, break-lines, peaks and valleys and, for sure, a grid with a given grid step which was selected to meet the efforts.Lots of information in the images was neglected.Digital point matching algorithms and airborne laser scanning provide many new possibilities. The only restriction on spatialresolution is the one of the used sensors. Given a more precise image sensor, the matching algorithm will be able to match moresurface points; given a higher frequency laser scanner, more points can be measured of the same area. And those sensors get moreand more precise every day. Besides, those techniques allow for fast repetition which is necessary to create time series as a basis for4D modeling! However, this fact is accompanied by several problems concerning the capability of available computers. Some years ago, as the first ideas of 3D city models arose, it was very difficult to acquire the necessary data. Today the new sensors and methods have thenecessary capability, but we are not able to handle the available datasets efficiently, because of shortcomings in the past. In a time ofworld wide data exchange through the internet and global datasets, it is necessary to have efficient methods and algorithms tomanage the available data. There is a need for international, vendor independent data exchange and management standards that haveto be accepted and supported by the industry. This article is going to present several methods of data encoding using standardized data formats based on eXtensible Markup Language (XML). After an introduction to this kind of data encoding, two derived applications for management, storage and presentation of geodata are described. As XML data is written in text format, the datasets have the ability to become rather long.Therefore some promising methods to reduce the amount of data are introduced afterwards. XML documents are mainly used fordata exchange between databases. Therefore the capabilities of commonly used database systems for storage of geodata are describedin the end and current implementation results of the Institute of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (I.P.F.) are presented.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/03/11 20:39

_id	47b3
authors	Gruen, A., Steidler F. and Wang, X.
year	2003
title	Generation and visualization of 3D-city and facility models using CyberCity Modeler (CC-Modeler)
source	CORP 2003, Vienna University of Technology, 25.2.-28.2.2003 [Proceedings on CD-Rom]
summary	The efficient generation of data for 3-D city models and their handling in Spatial Information Systems has become feasible. The derivation of this data from aerial and terrestrial images with semi-automated techniques constitutes the most powerful tool currently available to fulfill this task. Semi-automated object extraction has become a viable concept for the generation of 3-D city models. CyberCity-Modeler (CC-Modeler) has been developed with the aim of creating not only buildings, but also other objects pertaining to a city model efficiently and with a high degree of flexibility concerning the level of detail. In its commercial implementation, CCModeler has been confronted with a number of user requirements which needed to be observed. This led to some extensions in functionality, which are addressed in this paper: Geometrical regularization of buildings, editing functions for topology adjustment, integration of facades and other vertical walls and modeling of overhanging roofs. These extensions of the original concept make CyberCity-Modeler an even more powerful tool for 3-D city modeling.
series	other
last changed	2003/03/11 20:39

_id	bc3c
authors	Weichselbaum, J., Hoffmann, Ch., Steinnocher, K. and Weigl, F.-St.
year	2003
title	EO-PLAN-GIS Operational earth observation applications involving user communities on national and European level
source	CORP 2003, Vienna University of Technology, 25.2.-28.2.2003 [Proceedings on CD-Rom]
summary	The joint GeoVille/ARC Seibersdorf project EO-Plan-GIS has the objective of deriving Earth Observation (EO)/Geographic Information System (GIS) products for public and private customers (i.e. Austrian state governments and digital mapping industry). Representatives of three state administrations (i.e. Carynthia, Upper Austria and Vorarlberg) and of Tele Atlas (a commercial enterprise in the production of digital road databases) have been actively involved in the project activities. The major focus of the project is on the automated differentiation of built-up areas and the derivation of land use/cover data for both the state governments and Tele Atlas, as well as on the update and upgrade of the Tele Atlas road network. Using GIS methods, the EO-derived base data will be adapted to serve the individual user needs (i.e. Geographic State Information Systems and Tele Atlas MultiNet). EO-Plan-GIS was initiated by the Austrian Ministry of Transport, Innovation and Technology as a national initiative within theframework of the current GMES (Global Monitoring for Environment and Security) activities of ESA and the EU. It delivers inputs into the following GMES domains:• European Regional Monitoring, Subtopic A: Land cover change in Europe, characterisation of land cover changes (1950 –2000) in the EU with particular emphasis on landscapes and urban areas.• Horizontal Support Action – Information Management Tools & the Development of a European Spatial Data“Infostructure”.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/03/11 20:39

_id	caadria2003_b5-2
id	caadria2003_b5-2
authors	Caldas, Luisa G.
year	2003
title	Shape Generation Using Pareto Genetic Algorithms Integrating Conflicting Design Objectives in Low-Energy Architecture
source	CAADRIA 2003 [Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 974-9584-13-9] Bangkok Thailand 18-20 October 2003, pp. 681-694
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2003.681
summary	The Generative Design System [GDS] presented in this paper was developed to assist designers in researching low-energy architecture solutions. The GDS has the capability to evolve architectural forms that are energy-efficient, while complying to design intentions expressed by the architect, and responding to conflicting objectives. To achieve this evolutionary development, the system integrates a search and optimization method [Genetic Algorithm], a building energy simulation software [DOE2.1E], and Pareto multicriteria optimization techniques. The GDS adaptively generates populations of alternative solutions, from an initial schematic layout and a set of rules and constraints designed by the architect to encode design intentions. The two conflicting objective functions considered in this paper are maximizing daylighting use, and minimizing energy consumption for conditioning the building. The GDS generated an uniformly sampled, continuous Pareto front, from which six points were visualized in terms of the proposed architectural solutions.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ijac20031402
id	ijac20031402
authors	Caldas, Luisa G.; Norford, Leslie K.
year	2003
title	Shape Generation Using Pareto Genetic Algorithms: Integrating Conflicting Design Objectives in Low-Energy Architecture
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 1 - no. 4
summary	The Generative Design System [GDS] presented in this paper was developed to assist designers in researching low-energy architecture solutions. The GDS has the capability to evolve architectural forms that are energy-efficient, while complying to design intentions expressed by the architect and responding to conflicting objectives. To achieve this evolutionary development, the system integrates a search and optimization method [Genetic Algorithm], building energy simulation software [DOE2.1E], and Pareto multicriteria optimization techniques. The GDS adaptively generates populations of alternative solutions, from an initial schematic layout and a set of rules and constraints designed by the architect to encode design intentions. The two conflicting objective functions considered in this paper are maximizing daylighting use and minimizing energy consumption for conditioning the building. The GDS generated an uniformly sampled, continuous Pareto front, from which six points were visualized in terms of the proposed architectural solutions.
series	journal
more	http://www.multi-science.co.uk/ijac.htm
last changed	2007/03/04 07:08

_id	acadia03_003
id	acadia03_003
authors	Chang, W. and Woodbury, R.
year	2003
title	Undo Reinterpreted
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, pp. 19-27
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.019
summary	The class of operations known as “undo” has proven to be a valuable addition to most professional work tools. In practice though, its use is frustrating: undo often undoes too much. Its essential informal semantics are that it returns the user to a prior state by recapitulating all intervening states. Why not give the user greater control over which aspects of a design to undo? An alternative is to seek to reuse prior work in any logically-coherent pattern—user input is a precious commodity. The area of generative systems provides insights in a search for alternatives to undo, in particular that prior user and system actions can be changed and reused in new contexts. We contingently introduce a concept we label as design promotions to describe system designs that demonstrate a tight coupling between interactive authorship and system-led generation, that treat past user actions as valuable intentional statements, and that treat alternative user choices as first-class objects of concern. In practice these three properties emphasize reuse. We briefly survey the current state of undo-like operations and potential candidates for implementing design promotions strategies. Through examples, we demonstrate approaches to realizing undo-like operations over specific representations, especially that of constructive solid geometry.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	sigradi2006_e028c
id	sigradi2006_e028c
authors	Griffith, Kenfield; Sass, Larry and Michaud, Dennis
year	2006
title	A strategy for complex-curved building design:Design structure with Bi-lateral contouring as integrally connected ribs
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 465-469
summary	Shapes in designs created by architects such as Gehry Partners (Shelden, 2002), Foster and Partners, and Kohn Peterson and Fox rely on computational processes for rationalizing complex geometry for building construction. Rationalization is the reduction of a complete geometric shape into discrete components. Unfortunately, for many architects the rationalization is limited reducing solid models to surfaces or data on spread sheets for contractors to follow. Rationalized models produced by the firms listed above do not offer strategies for construction or digital fabrication. For the physical production of CAD description an alternative to the rationalized description is needed. This paper examines the coupling of digital rationalization and digital fabrication with physical mockups (Rich, 1989). Our aim is to explore complex relationships found in early and mid stage design phases when digital fabrication is used to produce design outcomes. Results of our investigation will aid architects and engineers in addressing the complications found in the translation of design models embedded with precision to constructible geometries. We present an algorithmically based approach to design rationalization that supports physical production as well as surface production of desktop models. Our approach is an alternative to conventional rapid prototyping that builds objects by assembly of laterally sliced contours from a solid model. We explored an improved product description for rapid manufacture as bilateral contouring for structure and panelling for strength (Kolarevic, 2003). Infrastructure typically found within aerospace, automotive, and shipbuilding industries, bilateral contouring is an organized matrix of horizontal and vertical interlocking ribs evenly distributed along a surface. These structures are monocoque and semi-monocoque assemblies composed of structural ribs and skinning attached by rivets and adhesives. Alternative, bi-lateral contouring discussed is an interlocking matrix of plywood strips having integral joinery for assembly. Unlike traditional methods of building representations through malleable materials for creating tangible objects (Friedman, 2002), this approach constructs with the implication for building life-size solutions. Three algorithms are presented as examples of rationalized design production with physical results. The first algorithm [Figure 1] deconstructs an initial 2D curved form into ribbed slices to be assembled through integral connections constructed as part of the rib solution. The second algorithm [Figure 2] deconstructs curved forms of greater complexity. The algorithm walks along the surface extracting surface information along horizontal and vertical axes saving surface information resulting in a ribbed structure of slight double curvature. The final algorithm [Figure 3] is expressed as plug-in software for Rhino that deconstructs a design to components for assembly as rib structures. The plug-in also translates geometries to a flatten position for 2D fabrication. The software demonstrates the full scope of the research exploration. Studies published by Dodgson argued that innovation technology (IvT) (Dodgson, Gann, Salter, 2004) helped in solving projects like the Guggenheim in Bilbao, the leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy, and the Millennium Bridge in London. Similarly, the method discussed in this paper will aid in solving physical production problems with complex building forms. References Bentley, P.J. (Ed.). Evolutionary Design by Computers. Morgan Kaufman Publishers Inc. San Francisco, CA, 1-73 Celani, G, (2004) “From simple to complex: using AutoCAD to build generative design systems” in: L. Caldas and J. Duarte (org.) Implementations issues in generative design systems. First Intl. Conference on Design Computing and Cognition, July 2004 Dodgson M, Gann D.M., Salter A, (2004), “Impact of Innovation Technology on Engineering Problem Solving: Lessons from High Profile Public Projects,” Industrial Dynamics, Innovation and Development, 2004 Dristas, (2004) “Design Operators.” Thesis. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2004 Friedman, M, (2002), Gehry Talks: Architecture + Practice, Universe Publishing, New York, NY, 2002 Kolarevic, B, (2003), Architecture in the Digital Age: Design and Manufacturing, Spon Press, London, UK, 2003 Opas J, Bochnick H, Tuomi J, (1994), “Manufacturability Analysis as a Part of CAD/CAM Integration”, Intelligent Systems in Design and Manufacturing, 261-292 Rudolph S, Alber R, (2002), “An Evolutionary Approach to the Inverse Problem in Rule-Based Design Representations”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 329-350 Rich M, (1989), Digital Mockup, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Reston, VA, 1989 Schön, D., The Reflective Practitioner: How Professional Think in Action. Basic Books. 1983 Shelden, D, (2003), “Digital Surface Representation and the Constructability of Gehry’s Architecture.” Diss. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2003 Smithers T, Conkie A, Doheny J, Logan B, Millington K, (1989), “Design as Intelligent Behaviour: An AI in Design Thesis Programme”, Artificial Intelligence in Design, 293-334 Smithers T, (2002), “Synthesis in Designing”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 3-24 Stiny, G, (1977), “Ice-ray: a note on the generation of Chinese lattice designs” Environmental and Planning B, volume 4, pp. 89-98
keywords	Digital fabrication; bilateral contouring; integral connection; complex-curve
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	acadia03_023
id	acadia03_023
authors	Ibrahim, Magdy and Krawczyk, Robert
year	2003
title	The Level of Knowledge of CAD Objects within the Building Information Model
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, pp. 173-177
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.173
summary	The first generation of CAD software depended on entity objects that were manipulated and interpreted by the user as meaningful graphics symbols. These entities only represented the geometrical properties of the architectural elements. With the present emerging generation of CAD systems, a new concept shifts a drawing-based model into a Building Information Model with the potential of modeling true architectural objects. Theoretically, these CAD objects will provide all related data to the designer describing the geometry, as well as any related data associated with how the object is actually used. The knowledge required to support an object should have structure to it. Different levels of knowledge need to be included, such as the geometrical information, which should be flexible enough to accommodate any type of shape and modification while keeping the object’s integrity as a unit and maintaining its relations to other objects. The CAD object concept, as remarkable as it is, might also have potential problems. It has some implications over the design process, as well as the architectural profession itself.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	sigradi2006_e149b
id	sigradi2006_e149b
authors	Kendir, Elif
year	2006
title	Prêt-à-Construire – An Educational Inquiry into Computer Aided Fabrication
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 162-165
summary	This paper aims to show and discuss the relevance of developing necessary strategies for reintegrating the concept of fabrication into the architectural design process. The discussion will be partly based on the outcome of a graduate architectural design studio conducted in Spring semester 2002-2003. The graduate studio was part of a series of exploratory studies conducted on the nature of architectural design process transformed by information technologies. Preceded by studios investigating cognition and representation, this last studio focused on the concept of fabrication. The overarching aim of the studio series was to put CAD and CAM in context both within the actual architectural design process and within architectural education. The last of this series, which will be discussed within the frame of this paper, has specifically focused on CAM and the concept of fabrication in architecture. In accordance with the nature of a design studio, the research was more methodological than technical. The studio derived its main inspiration from the constructional templates used in dressmaking, which can be considered as an initial model for mass customization. In this context, the recladding of Le Corbusier’s Maison Domino was given as the main design problem, along with several methodological constraints. The main constraint was to develop the design idea through constructional drawings instead of representational ones. The students were asked to develop their volumetric ideas through digital 3D CAD models while working out structural solutions on a physical 1/50 model of Maison Domino. There was also a material constraint for the model, where only specified types of non-structural paper could be used. At this stage, origami provided the working model for adding structural strength to sheet materials. The final outcome included the explanation of different surface generation strategies and preliminary design proposals for their subcomponents. The paper will discuss both the utilized methodology and the final outcome along the lines of the issues raised during the studio sessions, some of which could be decisive in the putting into context of CAD – CAM in architectural design process. One such issue is mass customization, that is, the mass production of different specific elements with the help of CAM technologies. Another issue is “open source” design, indicating the possibility of a do-it-yourself architecture, where architecture is coded as information, and its code can be subject to change by different designers. The final key issue is the direct utilization of constructional drawings in the preliminary design phase as opposed to representational ones, which aimed at reminding the designer the final phase of fabrication right from the beginning. Finally, the paper will also point at the problems faced during the conduct of the studio and discuss those in the context of promoting CAM for architectural design and production in countries where there is no actual utilization of these technologies for these purposes yet.
keywords	Education; Fabrication; CAM
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:53

_id	sigradi2003_054
id	sigradi2003_054
authors	Manes, Sergio
year	2003
title	La generación de espacios complejos a partir de leyes simples como estimulante de la imaginación tridimensional (The generation of complex spaces from simple laws as a means for stimulating traditional imagination)
source	SIGraDi 2003 - [Proceedings of the 7th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Rosario Argentina 5-7 november 2003
summary	This report uses an exercise of design exploration, and its subsequent evolution, in order to show the important growth and development achieved with a researching application by mean of analogical media, adding the new technology of the digital media. The present work shows the evolution of alternates design exercises, used for a long time as a way of teaching in the field of design by researchers teams of this area.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:55

_id	autcons0926580503000529
id	autconS0926580503000529
authors	Maver, T.; Petric, J.
year	2003
title	Sustainability: real and/or virtual?
source	Automation in Construction, 12(6), November 2003, pp. 641–648
summary	The starting point for this paper is the identification of the four necessary and sufficient conditions which a building should exhibit to be judged to be sustainable; fitness-for-purpose, cost effectiveness, environmental friendliness, and cultural significance. The contribution which the current generation of CAD tools is making to the complex human activity of designing sustainable buildings is then discussed under the headings of widening the search for solutions, integrating the decision-making process, improving design insights, differentiating objective/subjective issues and photorealistic visualization. The paper then describes developments in the next generation of IT tools, based on virtual reality, which will allow multiple designers, working in distributed locations and on different computer platforms, to design from within the virtual world.
keywords	Sustainability; Virtual reality; Computer-aided design; Virtual environments
series	journal paper
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2013/09/20 19:05

_id	maver_106
id	maver_106
authors	Maver, T.W. and Petric, J.
year	2003
title	Security Sustainable Environments: The role of Computer Modelling
source	Chapter 9 in Bioclimatic Design and Urban Generation (Ed Babalis, D), Edizione Polistampa, pp. 59-64
summary	Design is the activity of making explicit proposals for a change from some existing state to some future state which more closely approximates to mankind's concept of the ideal. As such it embraces a wide spectrum of human endeavour; the outcomes of design activity are part and parcel of our everyday life and are determinants, for better or worse, of our man-made future. In common with all complex human functions the activity of design is ill-understood: it involves the most rational and systematic process of human thought and also the most intuitive and conjectural leaps within the human mind.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/09/03 15:36

_id	acadia03_053
id	acadia03_053
authors	More, G., Padgham, L., Mathieson, I. and Burry, M.
year	2003
title	Multidimensional Presentation Environments with IntegratedIntelligent Agents
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, pp. 421-425
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.421
summary	A Multidimensional Presentation Environment (MPE) is defined here as a digital environment containing spatially located data that can be navigated by a presenter. Given an array of data types and the potential infinity of the associated datascapes, there is an opportunity to develop systems that assist the presenter in the navigation and analysis of complex information scenarios. This research reports on the utilisation of intelligentagent based software for a better understanding of spatial information representation within the MPE. This is achieved by utilising intelligent agent software to aid the presenter in the searching, retrieving, and articulation of datasets, and the application of such technologies in the generation of time based 3D graphical and audio presentations.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	sigradi2003_127
id	sigradi2003_127
authors	Ripper Kós, José
year	2003
title	Modelos 3D e banco de dados: investigações de narrativas históricas (3D models and database: investigations on historical narratives)
source	SIGraDi 2003 - [Proceedings of the 7th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Rosario Argentina 5-7 november 2003
summary	RIO-H is a web-based system that aims to present an alternative to historical narrative. Images from 3D historical models of Rio de Janeiro link spaces within the city to historical documents stored in a database. The users retrieve the files of different sources associated to specific areas in the city. The 3D historical images facilitate the creation of relationships between the city in the past and the current city users dwell. Thus, users experience in the current city is critical for the generation of images of the past city and individual historical narratives as they navigate through the system.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:58

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