Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ecaade03_547_138_ibrahim
id	ecaade03_547_138_ibrahim
authors	Ibrahim, M., Krawczyk, R. and Schipporeit, G.
year	2003
title	CAD Smart Objects: Potentials and Limitations
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 547-552
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.547
summary	For many years, CAD software depended on entity objects that were manipulated and interpreted by the user as meaningful symbols. These entities only represented the geometrical aspect of the design, but never had knowledge of what they are, or how to behave. With the new CAD systems, this concept has changed into the smart CAD objects. The smart objects will automatically provide all the data related to it: geometry, materials, specifications, price, as well as manufacturers and theoretically any related data. Creating new objects is not an easy straightforward job, and requires more programming skills than previously needed. Taking into consideration the relative difficulties in learning to modify and create new CAD objects, this might lead to a new branch of learning, as the architecture students might not only need to learn how to use the CAD packages but also how to program it in a way that makes them capable of doing what they want rather than doing what the package allow them to do.
keywords	Objects; object oriented programming
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.iit.edu/~Ibramag
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ecaade03_133_119_reffat
id	ecaade03_133_119_reffat
authors	Reffat, Rabee M.
year	2003
title	Semantic-Based Virtual Design Environments for Architecture
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 133-140
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.133
summary	3D Virtual Environments (VEs) have the potential to reach beyond the limitations of CAD systems and can be utilised as design tools for architecture. This paper introduces a framework of semantic-based Virtual Design Environment(VDE) that aims to provides designers of VEs with virtual observers of designers’ actions (intelligent design agents and collaborative assistant agent) to investigate the current design and respond to these actions when the need arises. The paper presents the development of a representation structure of building-objects and their relationships to be used in constructing building designs in the 3D VDE and outlines sets of design semantics to be incorporated within the VDE.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	caadria2003_c4-3
id	caadria2003_c4-3
authors	Belblidia, S. and Alby, E.
year	2003
title	Implicit Handling of Geometric Relations in an Existing Modeler
source	CAADRIA 2003 [Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 974-9584-13-9] Bangkok Thailand 18-20 October 2003, pp. 613-622
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2003.613
summary	This paper presents a constraint-based modeling system, integrated into a widely used CAD modeler. Using a notification mechanism, the system records the precision functions called by the user in order to maintain geometric relations between points locations and source objects. These relations are stored in a directed graph which allows an automatic update of the model.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2003_c2-1
id	caadria2003_c2-1
authors	Chevrier, C., Bur, D. and Perrin, J. P.
year	2003
title	Architecture as a Reference for the Development of A Cad Lighting Tool
source	CAADRIA 2003 [Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 974-9584-13-9] Bangkok Thailand 18-20 October 2003, pp. 281-294
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2003.281
summary	As light is increasingly perceived as a factor of quality of urban life, it is not surprising that cultural heritage buildings and even civil engineering works are being more and more often illuminated at night. The designers of the projects are revealing a nocturnal vision of the buildings which is often a reflection of the architecture: rhythm, pattern, evenness, symmetry, composition, axes, and so on. The idea of developing a "lighting-modeller" is based upon this assertion. Thus, if we express the needs in terms of functionalities, we can conclude that the hierarchical structure of the architectural edifice can fit in with a "lighting-structure". As a result, concepts like hierarchy, linking, grouping, networking, linearity-polarity, are the basis of the objects and functions that are effective for the great majority of buildings and projects. This "lighting-modeller" can then lead beyond its simulation capabilities to become a design conception tool: hypothesis and variants are quickly realized and tested, and technical data (illumination data, visual comfort) can be obtained as well.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ecaade03_000
id	ecaade03_000
authors	Dokonal, Wolfgang and Hirschberg, Urs (Eds.)
year	2003
title	Digital Design
source	21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings [ISBN 0-9541183-1-6], Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, 677 p.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003
summary	Digital Design is not only the title of the 21st eCAADe conference 2003 in Graz but also one of the main keywords in Architectural Education nowadays. Information Technology has managed to influence all fields of the “architectural process” and has developed straight from the calculation tools of the engineers over the CAD drafting boards of big architectural firms to every architectural professional and student. This process was incredibly quick in terms of the architectural chronology but very slow in terms of architectural education at universities (at least in Austria). Not very long ago it was sometimes forbidden to deliver CAD drawings for design projects at our faculty. In fact, the early experiments in using the computer in the design process quite often failed because of the restrictions of the available (and affordable) hard-and software. Today, even our first year students start some of their earliest design experiences quite naturally with the computer. However, there are still many questions to be answered and maybe some new questions to be asked in the relationship between architectural design and the computer. Architectural design is mainly a “game of imagination” and today computer tools start to enhance and support the architects visions after a longer period where they were often reduced by the limitations of the tools. Still, there are many different ways to design because every designer has a different approach towards architectural design and there is no such thing as “the perfect digital design tool” for everyone. We hope that this conference with all the different approaches documented in this book plays a major role in the discussion and development of all these aspects and brings us “one step further”.
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.ecaade.org
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	sigradi2006_e028c
id	sigradi2006_e028c
authors	Griffith, Kenfield; Sass, Larry and Michaud, Dennis
year	2006
title	A strategy for complex-curved building design:Design structure with Bi-lateral contouring as integrally connected ribs
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 465-469
summary	Shapes in designs created by architects such as Gehry Partners (Shelden, 2002), Foster and Partners, and Kohn Peterson and Fox rely on computational processes for rationalizing complex geometry for building construction. Rationalization is the reduction of a complete geometric shape into discrete components. Unfortunately, for many architects the rationalization is limited reducing solid models to surfaces or data on spread sheets for contractors to follow. Rationalized models produced by the firms listed above do not offer strategies for construction or digital fabrication. For the physical production of CAD description an alternative to the rationalized description is needed. This paper examines the coupling of digital rationalization and digital fabrication with physical mockups (Rich, 1989). Our aim is to explore complex relationships found in early and mid stage design phases when digital fabrication is used to produce design outcomes. Results of our investigation will aid architects and engineers in addressing the complications found in the translation of design models embedded with precision to constructible geometries. We present an algorithmically based approach to design rationalization that supports physical production as well as surface production of desktop models. Our approach is an alternative to conventional rapid prototyping that builds objects by assembly of laterally sliced contours from a solid model. We explored an improved product description for rapid manufacture as bilateral contouring for structure and panelling for strength (Kolarevic, 2003). Infrastructure typically found within aerospace, automotive, and shipbuilding industries, bilateral contouring is an organized matrix of horizontal and vertical interlocking ribs evenly distributed along a surface. These structures are monocoque and semi-monocoque assemblies composed of structural ribs and skinning attached by rivets and adhesives. Alternative, bi-lateral contouring discussed is an interlocking matrix of plywood strips having integral joinery for assembly. Unlike traditional methods of building representations through malleable materials for creating tangible objects (Friedman, 2002), this approach constructs with the implication for building life-size solutions. Three algorithms are presented as examples of rationalized design production with physical results. The first algorithm [Figure 1] deconstructs an initial 2D curved form into ribbed slices to be assembled through integral connections constructed as part of the rib solution. The second algorithm [Figure 2] deconstructs curved forms of greater complexity. The algorithm walks along the surface extracting surface information along horizontal and vertical axes saving surface information resulting in a ribbed structure of slight double curvature. The final algorithm [Figure 3] is expressed as plug-in software for Rhino that deconstructs a design to components for assembly as rib structures. The plug-in also translates geometries to a flatten position for 2D fabrication. The software demonstrates the full scope of the research exploration. Studies published by Dodgson argued that innovation technology (IvT) (Dodgson, Gann, Salter, 2004) helped in solving projects like the Guggenheim in Bilbao, the leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy, and the Millennium Bridge in London. Similarly, the method discussed in this paper will aid in solving physical production problems with complex building forms. References Bentley, P.J. (Ed.). Evolutionary Design by Computers. Morgan Kaufman Publishers Inc. San Francisco, CA, 1-73 Celani, G, (2004) “From simple to complex: using AutoCAD to build generative design systems” in: L. Caldas and J. Duarte (org.) Implementations issues in generative design systems. First Intl. Conference on Design Computing and Cognition, July 2004 Dodgson M, Gann D.M., Salter A, (2004), “Impact of Innovation Technology on Engineering Problem Solving: Lessons from High Profile Public Projects,” Industrial Dynamics, Innovation and Development, 2004 Dristas, (2004) “Design Operators.” Thesis. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2004 Friedman, M, (2002), Gehry Talks: Architecture + Practice, Universe Publishing, New York, NY, 2002 Kolarevic, B, (2003), Architecture in the Digital Age: Design and Manufacturing, Spon Press, London, UK, 2003 Opas J, Bochnick H, Tuomi J, (1994), “Manufacturability Analysis as a Part of CAD/CAM Integration”, Intelligent Systems in Design and Manufacturing, 261-292 Rudolph S, Alber R, (2002), “An Evolutionary Approach to the Inverse Problem in Rule-Based Design Representations”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 329-350 Rich M, (1989), Digital Mockup, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Reston, VA, 1989 Schön, D., The Reflective Practitioner: How Professional Think in Action. Basic Books. 1983 Shelden, D, (2003), “Digital Surface Representation and the Constructability of Gehry’s Architecture.” Diss. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2003 Smithers T, Conkie A, Doheny J, Logan B, Millington K, (1989), “Design as Intelligent Behaviour: An AI in Design Thesis Programme”, Artificial Intelligence in Design, 293-334 Smithers T, (2002), “Synthesis in Designing”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 3-24 Stiny, G, (1977), “Ice-ray: a note on the generation of Chinese lattice designs” Environmental and Planning B, volume 4, pp. 89-98
keywords	Digital fabrication; bilateral contouring; integral connection; complex-curve
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	acadia03_023
id	acadia03_023
authors	Ibrahim, Magdy and Krawczyk, Robert
year	2003
title	The Level of Knowledge of CAD Objects within the Building Information Model
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, pp. 173-177
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.173
summary	The first generation of CAD software depended on entity objects that were manipulated and interpreted by the user as meaningful graphics symbols. These entities only represented the geometrical properties of the architectural elements. With the present emerging generation of CAD systems, a new concept shifts a drawing-based model into a Building Information Model with the potential of modeling true architectural objects. Theoretically, these CAD objects will provide all related data to the designer describing the geometry, as well as any related data associated with how the object is actually used. The knowledge required to support an object should have structure to it. Different levels of knowledge need to be included, such as the geometrical information, which should be flexible enough to accommodate any type of shape and modification while keeping the object’s integrity as a unit and maintaining its relations to other objects. The CAD object concept, as remarkable as it is, might also have potential problems. It has some implications over the design process, as well as the architectural profession itself.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ecaade03_553_149_shea
id	ecaade03_553_149_shea
authors	Shea, K., Aish, R. and Gourtovaia, M.
year	2003
title	Towards Integrated Performance-Based Generative Design Tools
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 553-560
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.553
summary	Generative design methods are capable of generating concepts and stimulating solutions based on robust and rigorous models of design conditions, design languages and design performance. The computer now becomes a design generator in addition to its more conventional role as draftsperson, visualizor, data checker and performance analyst. Motivated by the challenge to enable designers to easily develop meaningful input models of design intent to make best use of a structural generative method, this paper describes an initial combination of a generative design tool, eifForm, and an associative modeling system, Custom Objects, through the use of XML models. The current combined use is illustrated through an example involving generation of a set of 20 interrelated roof trusses with seven unique spans initiated by a parametric model of a saddle shaped stadium roof in Custom Objects. The paper concludes with a discussion of the synergies between associative modeling and generative systems and identifies future extensions aimed to exploit these synergies towards integrated performance-based generative design tools.
keywords	Generative design, parametric/associative geometry, advanced CAD tools,performance-based design, computational design
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www-edc.eng.cam.ac.uk/designsynthesis
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	caadria2006_573
id	caadria2006_573
authors	WEN-YEN TANG, SHENG-KAI TANG
year	2006
title	THE DEVELOPMENT OF A TACTILE MODELING INTERFACE
source	CAADRIA 2006 [Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Kumamoto (Japan) March 30th - April 2nd 2006, 573-575
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2006.x.o8n
summary	Recently, more and more researchers dedicated in the development of human computer interaction for CAD systems, such as gestural input of three dimensional coordinates (Lee, Hu, and Selker, 2005), flexible manipulation of NURBS objects (Cohen, Markosian, Zeleznik, Hughes, and Barzel, 1999; Emmerik, 1990), and the creation of force feedback (Wu, 2003). These research results indicated that the more intuitive control the device can provide in modeling process, the more creative solutions can be generated (Lee, Hu, and Selker, 2005; Schweikardt and Gross, 2000; Wu, 2003).
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	cf2003_m_026
id	cf2003_m_026
authors	WYELD, Theodor G.
year	2003
title	An Object Server System for 3D Digital Design Collaboration
source	Digital Design - Research and Practice [Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 1-4020-1210-1] Tainan (Taiwan) 13–15 October 2003, pp. 235-248
summary	Moving through and between computer generated 3D objects we experience a 'virtual world'. Virtual Worlds have created a dream-like landscape. They also have facilitated a paradigm shift for architects working with CAD tools where they now desire to “design three-dimensional spaces in an immersed way” (Strehlke and Engeli 2001). Architects are already working in computer-moderated collaborative networked organisations. A 3D Virtual World offers a different kind of collaboration. To understand how architects might design in an 'immersed way', three experiments are described. The experiments attempt to investigate how participants experience the 3D spaces within which they collaborated. In particular, the last experiment makes use of 'shared objects' in the scene. The software chosen to create these Virtual Worlds was VRML and JAVA due to their flexibility and rapid prototyping. Where VRML differs from most CAD languages is in its openness. This paper describes an object sharing client-server architecture based on a simple multi-user system providing navigation in CosmoPlayer 2.11 ported through Netscape. The Object Server System allows multiple clients, as avatars, and objects to be manipulated in a 3D Virtual World. The system updates the transforms of the objects explicitly allowing their transform values to be shared across multiple browser sessions.
keywords	collaboration, multi-user, object sharing
series	CAAD Futures
last changed	2003/09/22 12:21

_id	cf2003_m_059
id	cf2003_m_059
authors	YANG, Qizhen and CUI, Lu
year	2003
title	Interoperable and Extensible Design Information Modelling
source	Digital Design - Research and Practice [Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 1-4020-1210-1] Tainan (Taiwan) 13–15 October 2003, pp. 93-104
summary	Modelling of interoperable and extensible design information is one of the key issues in computer-aided architectural design. IFC technology provides standardised mechanisms for the development of such information models. By using the IFC dynamic definition extension mechanism this paper presents a method for IFC-compliant design information modelling for architectural CAD objects. The method has been implemented as an addon toolkit to the Architectural Desktop CAD package. The use scenarios of the toolkit are discussed in the paper for CAD property modelling, property database management, and interoperable design information modelling with property set extensions.
keywords	IFC, information modelling, interoperability
series	CAAD Futures
last changed	2003/09/22 12:21

_id	1101
id	1101
authors	Calderon, C., Cavazza M. and Diaz, D.
year	2003
title	A NEW APPROACH TO THE INTERACTIVE RESOLUTION OF CONFIGURATION PROBLEMS IN VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS
source	3rd International Symposium on Smart Graphics, Heidelberg, Germany, 2-4, July 2003. http://www.smartgraphics.org/ . Proceedings published by Springer: Lectures notes in Artificial Intelligence.
summary	Intelligent Virtual Environments integrate AI techniques with 3D real-time environments. As such, they can support interactive problem solving, provided the underlying AI techniques can produce solutions within a time frame matching that of user interaction. In this paper, we describe an intelligent virtual environment based on Constraint Logic Programming (CLP), integrated in a real-time 3D graphic environment. We have developed an event-based ap-proach through which user interaction can be converted in real-time into appro-priate solver queries which are then translated back into automatic reconfigura-tions of the Virtual Environment (VE). Additionally, this framework supports the interactive exploration of the solution space in which alternative solutions (configurations) can be found. We demonstrate the system behaviour on a con-figuration example. This example illustrates how solutions can be interactively refined by the user through direct manipulation of objects in the VE and how the interactive search of alternative solutions in the VE is supported by these type of systems.
keywords	Artificial Intelligence, Virtual Environments, Constraint Programming
series	other
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2005/12/02 11:34

_id	7655
authors	Okeil, Ahmad and El Araby, Mostafa
year	2003
title	Realism vs. Reality in Digital Reconstruction of Cities
source	CORP 2003, Vienna University of Technology, 25.2.-28.2.2003 [Proceedings on CD-Rom]
summary	The digital reconstruction of existing cities using virtual reality techniques is being increasingly used. For consultants, municipalities and planning departments these models provide decision support through visual simulations (El Araby, 2001). For academia they provide a new tool for teaching students urban design and planning (Okeil, 2001). For authorities they provide a tool for promoting the city on the world wide web trying to attract more businesses and tourists to it. The built environment is very rich in detail. It does not only consist of open spaces surrounded by abstract buildings but it also includes many smaller objects such as street furniture, traffic signs, street lights, different types of vegetation and shop signs for example. All surfaces in the built environment have unique properties describing color, texture and opacity. The built environmentis dynamic and our perception is affected by factors such as pedestrian movement, traffic, environmental factors such as wind, noise and shadows. The built environment is also shaped by the accumulation of changes caused by many influences through time. All these factors make the reconstruction of the built environment a very complex task. This paper tries to answer the question: how realistic the reconstructed models of urban areas can be. It sees “Realism“ as a variable floating between three types of realties. The reality of the physical environment which we are trying to represent. The reality of the digital environment which will host the digitally reconstructed city. And the reality of the working environment which deals with the problem of limitation of resources needed to digitally reconstruct the city. A case study of building a 3D computer model of an urban area in the United Arab Emirates demonstrates that new time-saving techniques for data acquisition can enhance realism by meetingbudget limitations and time limitations.
keywords	Virtual Reality; Photo Realism; Texture Maps; 3D Modeling; Urban Design
series	other
email
last changed	2003/03/11 20:39

_id	cf2005_2_52_159
id	cf2005_2_52_159
authors	SHIH Naai-Jung and WU Ming-Chang
year	2005
title	A 3D Point-cloud-based Verification of As-built Construction Progress
source	Learning from the Past a Foundation for the Future [Special publication of papers presented at the CAAD futures 2005 conference held at the Vienna University of Technology / ISBN 3-85437-276-0], Vienna (Austria) 20-22 June 2005, pp. 193-202
summary	Point clouds were overlapped to reveal differences between two working days. The same type of comparison was made between 2003.2.11 and 2003.12.11. Comparisons between the original schedule and real schedule (the catch-up schedule) were also made. The overlapping test provides one of the most comprehensive checking methods of the as-built progress in a digital format. Examples show that the overlapping comparisons help identify the addition and removal of objects scanned from 50 meters away. The geometric information is feasible for construction inspection and records. Limitations and benefits of overlapping are discussed.
keywords	3D scan, construction technology, schedule
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2005/05/05 07:06

_id	caadria2003_c2-4
id	caadria2003_c2-4
authors	Al-Sallal, Khaled A.
year	2003
title	Integrating Energy Design Into Caad Tools: Theoretical Limits and Potentials
source	CAADRIA 2003 [Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 974-9584-13-9] Bangkok Thailand 18-20 October 2003, pp. 323-340
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2003.323
summary	The study is part of a research aims to establish theoretical grounds essential for the development of user efficient design tools for energy-conscious architectural design, based on theories in human factors of intelligent interfaces, problem solving, and architectural design. It starts by reviewing the shortcomings of the current energy design tools, from both architectural design and human factor points of view. It discusses the issues of energy integration with design from three different points of view: architectural, problem-solving, and human factors. It evaluates theoretically the potentials and limitations of the current approaches and technologies in artificial intelligence toward achieving the notion "integrating energy design knowledge into the design process" in practice and education based on research in the area of problem solving and human factors and usability concerns. The study considers the user interface model that is based on the cognitive approach and can be implemented by the hierarchical structure and the object-oriented model, as a promising direction for future development. That is because this model regards the user as the center of the design tool. However, there are still limitations that require extensive research in both theoretical and implementation directions. At the end, the study concludes by discussing the important points for future research.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	mourshedp503final
id	mourshedp503final
authors	Monjur M Mourshed, Denis Kelliher, Marcus Keane
year	2003
title	ArDOT: A tool to optimise environmental design of buildings
source	Building Simulation 2003 (Eighth IBPSA Conference). Eindhoven, Netherlands
summary	Environmental design of buildings involves ‘finding the optimum’ solution satisfying predefined objective(s) (e.g., reduction in operating/capital cost, maximisation of daylighting etc.). A number of computer based simulation models exist to assist professionals in finding this optimum through building performance assessment. Contemporary practices involving building simulation require enormous effort to prepare input, extract output, and visualize data, which restricts designers from realizing the full potentials offered. In most cases, rules of thumb are applied and experienced guesses are made; simulation software is used only to validate the assumptions, which do not necessarily lead to the intended optimum. Moreover, these tools have been developed as simulation engines, which is inadequate to visualize the compounded and interdependent effect of a large number of design variables. The authors believe that to realize the potential offered by building simulation software, a new breed of DBSs (Decision Based Systems) is needed coupling existing simulation engines with formal optimisation methods through neutral data standards (BPM – building product models) for seamless integration. This paper first elaborates on the previous attempts at solving integration issues related to the design process and simulation; also attempts at finding the limitations. Secondly, formulation of design problems as optimisation has been discussed with reference to the different stages of design. Thirdly, for effective integration of activities among stakeholders and processes, the use of client/ server oriented building product model has been proposed to overcome the limitations of file-based prototypes. Analysis and discussions based on the above aspects form as justification for ArDOT, an Architectural Design Optimisation Tool under development at IRUSE, National University of Ireland, Cork. Combining all three aspects into one makes ArDOT unique, which is essentially an enhanced decision making tool for the design of energy efficient buildings.
keywords	ArDOT, Architectural Design Optimisation, Building Energy Simulation, EnergyPlus
series	other
email
last changed	2003/08/27 11:57

_id	ecaade03_269_43_achten
id	ecaade03_269_43_achten
authors	Achten, Henri and Joosen, Gijs
year	2003
title	The Digital Design Process - Reflections on a Single Design Case
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 269-274
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.269
summary	CAD tools are increasing their expressive and geometric power to enable a design process in which the computer model can be used throughout the whole design process for realizing the design. Such a process, in which other media such as physical scale models or drawings are no longer required by necessity to facilitate the design process, can be considered a digital design process. Rather than proposing that such a process is ideal – drawings and scale models should not be discarded – we feel that when taken as a starting point, the digital design process raises a number of new challenges to architectural design that deserve attention. These challenges concern the basic activities in design: exploration of the problem space, creating preliminary solutions, understanding consequences of design decisions, and so forth. In this paper we take the concrete design case of a graduation project that was developed from the start solely in CAD. We identify a number of key issues in that process such as continuous modeling, the model as design, continuous pliability, localized focus, and postponed decision. These issues not only have a technical, CAD-related aspect, but also are connected to architectural design. Most of these aspects are subject of contemporary debate in architectural design. On this basis, we can indicate where CAD is making a potential difference in architectural design.
keywords	Digital design, CAAD
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.ds.arch.tue.nl/General/Staff/henri
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	avocaad_2003_17
id	avocaad_2003_17
authors	Anna Maria Chrabin, Jaroslaw Szewczyk and Herman Neuckermans
year	2003
title	A Critical Evaluation of Early Stages Software in its Capacity of Coping with Contextual Issues
source	LOCAL VALUES in a NETWORKED DESIGN WORLD - ADDED VALUE OF COMPUTER AIDED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Stellingwerff, Martijn and Verbeke, Johan (Eds.), (2004) DUP Science - Delft University Press, ISBN 90-407-2507-1.
summary	In this paper we analyse critically early design stages software in its capacity of coping with contextual data at large (i.e. representing cultural, aesthetical context, etc.). We identified 5 categories of early stages software: geometry based graphic editors, evaluation architectural software, generative and shape-grammar based systems, evolutionary systems and other systems. Calling the object under creation during of the early stages a CAD conceptual model, we will investigate to what extend this software allows the architect to experience and represent the context in which a design is situated. Especially we will focus on its capacity to allow interaction, playful interaction on our way to the design. Designers, and particularly architects, interact with the local context similarly to interacting in a game: the context influences the users’ decisions, surprises them and causes permanent changes to their ways of thinking. On the other hand, architects permanently shape and reshape the context, and reduce the context to a protean point of reference. Such behaviour characterises creative thinking that is crucial for the early stage of design. The investigation led us to the conclusions that the effective interactivity with the context needs simple rules, a plain interface and data reduced as simple as possible, especially when interaction with the context is performed during the early stages of a design process. The findings can be used in organising computer environments for early-stage design.
keywords	Architecture, Local values, Globalisation, Computer Aided Architectural Design
series	AVOCAAD
email
last changed	2006/01/16 21:38

_id	ijac20031107
id	ijac20031107
authors	Berridge, Philip; Koch, Volker; Brown, Andre G.P.
year	2003
title	Information Spaces for Mobile City Access
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 1 - no. 1
summary	This paper describes two complementary European research projects that share common interests and goals.The work described is intended to facilitate city analysis and support decision-making. The first project focuses on the distribution, access and ease of use of city data. The system allows access to historical data concerning key buildings in Liverpool, England, via a suite of web-based tools and a palmtop device. The second project looks at extending the functionality of traditional computer aided design (CAD) software to enable geometric and semantic data to be combined within a single environment. The system allows those involved in city planning to better understand the past and present development pattern of an area so that their decisions on future proposals are better informed.The paper concludes by describing a system that integrates particular aspects of the two projects, and the potential that this integration can bring.This new work provides mobile access to historical city development data, current city information and tools to support urban project development.
series	journal
more	http://www.multi-science.co.uk/ijac.htm
last changed	2007/03/04 07:08

_id	cf2011_p157
id	cf2011_p157
authors	Boton, Conrad; Kubicki Sylvain, Halin Gilles
year	2011
title	Understanding Pre-Construction Simulation Activities to Adapt Visualization in 4D CAD Collaborative Tools
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 477-492.
summary	Increasing productivity and efficiency is an important issue in the AEC field. This area is mainly characterized by fragmentation, heterogeneous teams with low lifetimes and many uncertainties. 4D CAD is one of the greatest innovations in recent years. It consists in linking a 3D model of the building with the works planning in order to simulate the construction evolution over time. 4D CAD can fill several needs from design to project management through constructivity analysis and tasks planning (Tommelein 2003). The literature shows that several applications have been proposed to improve the 4D CAD use (Chau et al. 2004; Lu et al. 2007; Seok & al. 2009). In addition, studies have shown the real impact of 4D CAD use in construction projects (Staub-French & Khanzode 2007; Dawood & Sika 2007). More recently, Mahalingam et al. (2010) showed that the collaborative use of 4D CAD is particularly useful during the pre-construction phase for comparing the constructability of working methods, for visually identifying conflicts and clashes (overlaps), and as visual tool for practitioners to discuss and to plan project progress. So the advantage of the 4D CAD collaborative use is demonstrated. Moreover, several studies have been conducted both in the scientific community and in the industrial world to improve it (Zhou et al. 2009; Kang et al. 2007). But an important need that remains in collaborative 4D CAD use in construction projects is about the adaptation of visualization to the users business needs. Indeed, construction projects have very specific characteristics (fragmentation, variable team, different roles from one project to another). Moreover, in the AEC field several visualization techniques can represent the same concept and actors choose one or another of these techniques according to their specific needs related to the task they have to perform. For example, the tasks planning may be represented by a Gantt chart or by a PERT network and the building elements can be depicted with a 3D model or a 2D plan. The classical view (3D + Gantt) proposed to all practitioners in the available 4D tools seems therefore not suiting the needs of all. So, our research is based on the hypothesis that adapting the visualization to individual business needs could significantly improve the collaboration. This work relies on previous ones and aim to develop a method 1) to choose the best suited views for performed tasks and 2) to compose adapted multiple views for each actor, that we call ‚Äúbusiness views‚Äù. We propose a 4 steps-method to compose business views. The first step identifies the users‚Äô business needs, defining the individual practices performed by each actor, identifying his business tasks and his information needs. The second step identifies the visualization needs related to the identified business needs. For this purpose, the user‚Äôs interactions and visualization tasks are described. This enables choosing the most appropriate visualization techniques for each need (step 3). At this step, it is important to describe the visualization techniques and to be able to compare them. Therefore, we proposed a business view metamodel. The final step (step 4) selects the adapted views, defines the coordination mechanisms and the interaction principles in order to compose coordinated visualizations. A final step consists in a validation work to ensure that the composed views really match to the described business needs. This paper presents the latest version of the method and especially presents our latest works about its first and second steps. These include making more generic the business tasks description in order to be applicable within most of construction projects and enabling to make correspondence with visualization tasks.
keywords	Pre-construction, Simulation, 4D CAD, Collaboration, Computer Supported Cooperative Work, Human-Computer Interface, Information visualization, Business view, Model driven engineering
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

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