Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ecaade03_301_36_rafi
id	ecaade03_301_36_rafi
authors	Rafi, Ahmad M. E. and Jabar, Mohd. Fazidin
year	2003
title	FCM: An Automated Flood Crisis Management System
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.301
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 301-304
summary	This research presents our progress of the second phase of City Administration System (CAS) (Rafi and Fazidin, 2001). It covers the terrain generation of Kuala Lumpur’s Central Business District about 30km x 30km at 1 meter resolution using the latest stereoscopic satellite data and survey data from Mapping Department of Malaysia’s Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment. CAS will be designed to have three main functions, namely: Flood Crisis Management (FCM), Architectural and Town Planning Management, and City Services and Administration. At a 1meter resolution, CAS will be able to predict, manage and visualise flash and major floods within the city with a very high degree of accuracy. It has been identified for CAS that there is a need to share information through collaborative environment in a more centralised manner that allows collective decisions, facilitates continuous updates, communicates effectively and permits the sharing of experiences and ideas.
keywords	CAS; FCM; collaborative environment; sensor
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.mmu.edu.my
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	acadia03_014
id	acadia03_014
authors	Woo, J.-H., Clayton, M., Johnson, R. and Flores, B.
year	2003
title	Case Study of Tacit Knowledge Sharing in a Distributed Design Studio
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.107
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, pp. 107-116
summary	This paper demonstrates the effects of experts’ tacit knowledge on improving architectural students’ design artifacts in a distributed design studio. In geographically distributed design environments, the Internet is an important medium by which architects can share tacit knowledge in the form of dialogue via online communication technologies, such as online chat and Instant Messaging (IM). In spring 2003, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and 8 schools conducted a collaborative design studio to develop a crew restraint system for space flights. Online chat software was used as a primary communication channel. Throughout the entire design studio, NASA professionals served as knowledge holders while undergraduate students participated as knowledge seekers. An interpretive content analysis and case study methodology were used in this study. We qualitatively observed the interactions between NASA and the students based upon two aspects: knowledge reflection and design improvement. Data were collected using document analysis of all knowledge sources and students’ design artifacts. The findings of this study indicate that the online chat system is useful in sharing tacit knowledge for the early part of design processes in a distributed design environment. Experts’ tacit knowledge appears to not only influence how students understand problems, but how they initiate conceptual design. This study provides empirical evidence regarding tacit knowledge sharing, and strengthens Schon’s (1983) claim about knowledge reflection in design studio. Furthermore, this study introduces architectural practitioners to the practical necessity of tacit knowledge sharing. This study is significant because its findings indicate the appropriate knowledge management strategy for architectural practitioners.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	avocaad_2003_06
id	avocaad_2003_06
authors	Arturo F. Montagu and Juan Pablo Cieri
year	2003
title	Urbamedia - Development of an urban database of fragments of some Argentinian and Latin-American cities using digital technology
source	LOCAL VALUES in a NETWORKED DESIGN WORLD - ADDED VALUE OF COMPUTER AIDED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Stellingwerff, Martijn and Verbeke, Johan (Eds.), (2004) DUP Science - Delft University Press, ISBN 90-407-2507-1.
summary	The proposal of "Urbamedia" is to undertake the development of 3D virtual and interactive models of historical areas of Latin-American cities. The selected zone is the "Mayo Avenue" including the "Mayo Square", an historical place of the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina; this project is financed by the National Agency of Scientific and Technological Development of Argentina and the University of Buenos Aires.We are presenting the first experimental model of the "Mayo Square" that has been developed at ABACUS, Department of Architecture & Building Aids Computer Unit, University of Strathclyde UK. combined with a system analysis of urban activities using the “Atlas.ti” CAQDAS software.This particular use of the “Atlas.ti” software is under experimental applications to this type of urban analysis procedures; allowed us the possibility to analysed a set of activities by means of graph theory as result of a series of interviews to the people working in the area. We are also looking to include historical areas of three cities: Mar del Plata, Rosario and Santa Fe (Argentina) and eventually other cities from Latin América as Rio de Janeiro and Habana.Due that ABACUS has a strong experience in city modelling plus the powerful software and hardware used there, we must develop a VRML customized menu to be adapted to our low cost PC equipment. The 3D model will be used mainly in urban design simulation procedures and the idea is to extend to other type of simulations of the environmental parameters.
keywords	Architecture, Local values, Globalisation, Computer Aided Architectural Design
series	AVOCAAD
email
last changed	2006/01/16 21:38

_id	ijac20031107
id	ijac20031107
authors	Berridge, Philip; Koch, Volker; Brown, Andre G.P.
year	2003
title	Information Spaces for Mobile City Access
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 1 - no. 1
summary	This paper describes two complementary European research projects that share common interests and goals.The work described is intended to facilitate city analysis and support decision-making. The first project focuses on the distribution, access and ease of use of city data. The system allows access to historical data concerning key buildings in Liverpool, England, via a suite of web-based tools and a palmtop device. The second project looks at extending the functionality of traditional computer aided design (CAD) software to enable geometric and semantic data to be combined within a single environment. The system allows those involved in city planning to better understand the past and present development pattern of an area so that their decisions on future proposals are better informed.The paper concludes by describing a system that integrates particular aspects of the two projects, and the potential that this integration can bring.This new work provides mobile access to historical city development data, current city information and tools to support urban project development.
series	journal
more	http://www.multi-science.co.uk/ijac.htm
last changed	2007/03/04 07:08

_id	ecaade2023_001
id	ecaade2023_001
authors	Dokonal, Wolfgang, Hirschberg, Urs and Wurzer, Gabriel
year	2023
title	eCAADe 2023 Digital Design Reconsidered - Volume 2
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.2.001
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 2, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, 899 p.
summary	The conference logo is a bird’s eye view of spiral stairs that join and separate – an homage to the famous double spiral staircase in Graz, a tourist attraction of this city and a must-see for any architecturally minded visitor. Carved out of limestone, the medieval construction of the original is a daring feat of masonry as well as a symbolic gesture. The design speaks of separation and reconciliation: The paths of two people that climb the double spiral stairs separate and then meet again at each platform. The relationship between architectural design and the growing digital repertoire of tools and possibilities seems to undergo similar cycles of attraction and rejection: enthusiasm about digital innovations – whether in Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, Energy Design, Robotic Fabrication, the many Dimensions of BIM or, as right now, in AI and Machine Learning – is typically followed by a certain disillusionment and a realization that the promises were somewhat overblown. But a turn away from these digital innovations can only be temporary. In our call for papers we refer to the first and second ‘digital turns’, a term Mario Carpo coined. Yes, it’s a bit of a pun, but you could indeed see these digital turns in our logo as well. Carpo would probably agree that design and the digital have become inseparably intertwined. While they may be circling in different directions, an innovative rejoinder is always just around the corner. The theme of the conference asked participants to re-consider the relationship between Design and the Digital. The notion of a cycle is already present in the syllable “re”. Indeed, 20 years earlier, in 2003, we held an ECAADE conference in Graz simply under the title “Digital Design” and our re-using – or is it re-cycling? – the theme can be seen as the completion of one of those cycles described above: One level up, we meet again, we’ve come full circle. The question of the relationship between Design and the Digital is still in flux, still worthy of renewed consideration. There is a historical notion implicit in the theme. To reconsider something, one needs to take a step back, to look into the past as well as into the future. Indeed, at this conference we wanted to take a longer view, something not done often enough in the fast-paced world of digital technology. Carefully considering one’s past can be a source of inspiration. In fact, the double spiral stair that inspired our conference logo also inspired many architects through the ages. Konrad Wachsmann, for example, is said to have come up with his famous Grapevine assembly system based on this double spiral stair and its intricate joinery. More recently, Rem Koolhaas deemed the double spiral staircase in Graz important enough to include a detailed model of it in his “elements of architecture” exhibition at the Venice Biennale in 2014. Our interpretation of the stair is a typically digital one, you might say. First of all: it’s a rendering of a virtual model; it only exists inside a computer. Secondly, this virtual model isn’t true to the original. Instead, it does what the digital has made so easy to do: it exaggerates. Where the original has just two spiral stairs that separate and join, our model consists of countless stairs that are joined in this way. We see only a part of the model, but the stairs appear to continue in all directions. The implication is of an endless field of spiral stairs. As the 3D model was generated with a parametric script, it would be very easy to change all parameters of it – including the number of stairs that make it up. Everyone at this conference is familiar with the concept of parametric design: it makes generating models of seemingly endless amounts of connected spiral stairs really easy. Although, of course, if we’re too literal about the term ‘endless’, generating our stair model will eventually crash even the most advanced computers. We know that, too. – That's another truth about the Digital: it makes a promise of infinity, which, in the end, it can’t keep. And even if it could: what’s the point of just adding more of the same: more variations, more options, more possible ways to get lost? Doesn’t the original double spiral staircase contain all those derivatives already? Don’t we know that ‘more’ isn’t necessarily better? In the original double spiral stair the happy end is guaranteed: the lovers’ paths meet at the top as well as when they exit the building. Therefore, the stair is also colloquially known as the Busserlstiege (the kissing stair) or the Versöhnungsstiege (reconciliation stair). In our digitally enhanced version, this outcome is no longer clear: we can choose between multiple directions at each level and we risk losing sight of the one we were with. This is also emblematic of our field of research. eCAADe was founded to promote “good practice and sharing information in relation to the use of computers in research and education in architecture and related professions” (see ecaade.org). That may have seemed a straightforward proposition forty years ago, when the association was founded. A look at the breadth and depth of research topics presented and discussed at this conference (and as a consequence in this book, for which you’re reading the editorial) shows how the field has developed over these forty years. There are sessions on Digital Design Education, on Digital Fabrication, on Virtual Reality, on Virtual Heritage, on Generative Design and Machine Learning, on Digital Cities, on Simulation and Digital Twins, on BIM, on Sustainability, on Circular Design, on Design Theory and on Digital Design Experimentations. We hope you will find what you’re looking for in this book and at the conference – and maybe even more than that: surprising turns and happy encounters between Design and the Digital.
series	eCAADe
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2024/08/29 08:36

_id	ecaade2023_000
id	ecaade2023_000
authors	Dokonal, Wolfgang, Hirschberg, Urs and Wurzer, Gabriel
year	2023
title	eCAADe 2023 Digital Design Reconsidered - Volume 1
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.1.001
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 1, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, 905 p.
summary	The conference logo is a bird’s eye view of spiral stairs that join and separate – an homage to the famous double spiral staircase in Graz, a tourist attraction of this city and a must-see for any architecturally minded visitor. Carved out of limestone, the medieval construction of the original is a daring feat of masonry as well as a symbolic gesture. The design speaks of separation and reconciliation: The paths of two people that climb the double spiral stairs separate and then meet again at each platform. The relationship between architectural design and the growing digital repertoire of tools and possibilities seems to undergo similar cycles of attraction and rejection: enthusiasm about digital innovations – whether in Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, Energy Design, Robotic Fabrication, the many Dimensions of BIM or, as right now, in AI and Machine Learning – is typically followed by a certain disillusionment and a realization that the promises were somewhat overblown. But a turn away from these digital innovations can only be temporary. In our call for papers we refer to the first and second ‘digital turns’, a term Mario Carpo coined. Yes, it’s a bit of a pun, but you could indeed see these digital turns in our logo as well. Carpo would probably agree that design and the digital have become inseparably intertwined. While they may be circling in different directions, an innovative rejoinder is always just around the corner. The theme of the conference asked participants to re-consider the relationship between Design and the Digital. The notion of a cycle is already present in the syllable “re”. Indeed, 20 years earlier, in 2003, we held an ECAADE conference in Graz simply under the title “Digital Design” and our re-using – or is it re-cycling? – the theme can be seen as the completion of one of those cycles described above: One level up, we meet again, we’ve come full circle. The question of the relationship between Design and the Digital is still in flux, still worthy of renewed consideration. There is a historical notion implicit in the theme. To reconsider something, one needs to take a step back, to look into the past as well as into the future. Indeed, at this conference we wanted to take a longer view, something not done often enough in the fast-paced world of digital technology. Carefully considering one’s past can be a source of inspiration. In fact, the double spiral stair that inspired our conference logo also inspired many architects through the ages. Konrad Wachsmann, for example, is said to have come up with his famous Grapevine assembly system based on this double spiral stair and its intricate joinery. More recently, Rem Koolhaas deemed the double spiral staircase in Graz important enough to include a detailed model of it in his “elements of architecture” exhibition at the Venice Biennale in 2014. Our interpretation of the stair is a typically digital one, you might say. First of all: it’s a rendering of a virtual model; it only exists inside a computer. Secondly, this virtual model isn’t true to the original. Instead, it does what the digital has made so easy to do: it exaggerates. Where the original has just two spiral stairs that separate and join, our model consists of countless stairs that are joined in this way. We see only a part of the model, but the stairs appear to continue in all directions. The implication is of an endless field of spiral stairs. As the 3D model was generated with a parametric script, it would be very easy to change all parameters of it – including the number of stairs that make it up. Everyone at this conference is familiar with the concept of parametric design: it makes generating models of seemingly endless amounts of connected spiral stairs really easy. Although, of course, if we’re too literal about the term ‘endless’, generating our stair model will eventually crash even the most advanced computers. We know that, too. – That's another truth about the Digital: it makes a promise of infinity, which, in the end, it can’t keep. And even if it could: what’s the point of just adding more of the same: more variations, more options, more possible ways to get lost? Doesn’t the original double spiral staircase contain all those derivatives already? Don’t we know that ‘more’ isn’t necessarily better? In the original double spiral stair the happy end is guaranteed: the lovers’ paths meet at the top as well as when they exit the building. Therefore, the stair is also colloquially known as the Busserlstiege (the kissing stair) or the Versöhnungsstiege (reconciliation stair). In our digitally enhanced version, this outcome is no longer clear: we can choose between multiple directions at each level and we risk losing sight of the one we were with. This is also emblematic of our field of research. eCAADe was founded to promote “good practice and sharing information in relation to the use of computers in research and education in architecture and related professions” (see ecaade.org). That may have seemed a straightforward proposition forty years ago, when the association was founded. A look at the breadth and depth of research topics presented and discussed at this conference (and as a consequence in this book, for which you’re reading the editorial) shows how the field has developed over these forty years. There are sessions on Digital Design Education, on Digital Fabrication, on Virtual Reality, on Virtual Heritage, on Generative Design and Machine Learning, on Digital Cities, on Simulation and Digital Twins, on BIM, on Sustainability, on Circular Design, on Design Theory and on Digital Design Experimentations. We hope you will find what you’re looking for in this book and at the conference – and maybe even more than that: surprising turns and happy encounters between Design and the Digital.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	6915
authors	Dorninger, Peter
year	2003
title	XML Technologies and Geodata
source	CORP 2003, Vienna University of Technology, 25.2.-28.2.2003 [Proceedings on CD-Rom]
summary	Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing are very important methods for acquisition of geodata. During the previous decade, severalrevolutionary changes occurred in this area. Until the appearance of automated image analysis tools, it was necessary to measureselected points in the images given. At that time, it was much faster and even cheaper to get images of real world objects compared tothe time and money consuming process of manual analyses. So one tried to minimize this effort by measuring only characteristicpoints such as edges, break-lines, peaks and valleys and, for sure, a grid with a given grid step which was selected to meet the efforts.Lots of information in the images was neglected.Digital point matching algorithms and airborne laser scanning provide many new possibilities. The only restriction on spatialresolution is the one of the used sensors. Given a more precise image sensor, the matching algorithm will be able to match moresurface points; given a higher frequency laser scanner, more points can be measured of the same area. And those sensors get moreand more precise every day. Besides, those techniques allow for fast repetition which is necessary to create time series as a basis for4D modeling! However, this fact is accompanied by several problems concerning the capability of available computers. Some years ago, as the first ideas of 3D city models arose, it was very difficult to acquire the necessary data. Today the new sensors and methods have thenecessary capability, but we are not able to handle the available datasets efficiently, because of shortcomings in the past. In a time ofworld wide data exchange through the internet and global datasets, it is necessary to have efficient methods and algorithms tomanage the available data. There is a need for international, vendor independent data exchange and management standards that haveto be accepted and supported by the industry. This article is going to present several methods of data encoding using standardized data formats based on eXtensible Markup Language (XML). After an introduction to this kind of data encoding, two derived applications for management, storage and presentation of geodata are described. As XML data is written in text format, the datasets have the ability to become rather long.Therefore some promising methods to reduce the amount of data are introduced afterwards. XML documents are mainly used fordata exchange between databases. Therefore the capabilities of commonly used database systems for storage of geodata are describedin the end and current implementation results of the Institute of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (I.P.F.) are presented.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/03/11 20:39

_id	ijac20031406
id	ijac20031406
authors	Fukuda, Tomohiro; Nagahama, Ryuichiro; Kaga, Atsuko; Sasada, Tsuyoshi
year	2003
title	Collaboration Support System for City Plans or Community Designs Based on VR/CG Technology
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 1 - no. 4
summary	This paper reports on a collaboration support system for city plans or community designs based on virtual reality (VR) or computer graphics (CG) technology. It reports on an extension to an ongoing research programme, and in particular it introduces the developments of portable VR equipment, and an expression method using CG to enable the realistic viewing of night scenes, and application to real projects.
series	journal
more	http://www.multi-science.co.uk/ijac.htm
last changed	2007/03/04 07:08

_id	121a
authors	Karner, K., Klaus, A., Bauer, J. and Zach, Ch.
year	2003
title	MetropoGIS: A City Modeling System
source	CORP 2003, Vienna University of Technology, 25.2.-28.2.2003 [Proceedings on CD-Rom]
summary	We report on a new system to generate photo-realistic 3D models of real cities. So far, we focus on the accurate geometric andradiometric modeling of man-made structures. The modeling process starts with a 3D block model obtained from aerial images, aerial laser scans or GIS data. This block model is further augmented with geo-referenced terrestrial images of the facades. Theterrestrial images are either captured using a mobile multi-sensor-platform or an off-the-shelf digital camera. The relative orientationof terrestrial images is calculated automatically and fitted towards the 3D block model with minimized human input using vanishingpoints. 2D image features like lines are extracted from the images and used to model 3D lines using line matching techniques. Theextraction of dense 3D point clouds on the facades is based on a hierarchical point matching strategy over multiple oriented images.Facades are found by robust fitting of plane hypotheses through these 3D line and point clouds. The introduced city modeling systemdelivers a fully 3D geographic information data set and is called MetropoGIS.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/03/11 20:39

_id	c5d7
authors	Kuffer, Monika
year	2003
title	Monitoring the Dynamics of Informal Settlements in Dar Es Salaam by Remote Sensing: Exploring the Use of Spot, Ers and Small Format Aerial Photography
source	CORP 2003, Vienna University of Technology, 25.2.-28.2.2003 [Proceedings on CD-Rom]
summary	Dar es Salaam is exemplary for cities in the developing world facing an enormous population growth. In the last decades, unplanned settlements have tremendously expanded, causing that around 70 percent of the urban dwellers are living now-a-days in these areas. Tools for monitoring such tremendous growth are relatively weak in developing countries, thus an effective satellite based monitoring system can provide a useful instrument for monitoring the dynamics of urban development. An investigation to asses the ability of extracting reliable information on the expansion and consolidation levels (density) of urban development of the city of Dar es Salaam from SPOT-HRV and ERS-SAR images is described. The use of SPOT and ERS should provide data that is complementary to data derived from the most recent aerial photography and from digital topographic maps. In a series of experiments various classification and fusion techniques are applied to the SPOT-HRV and ERS-SAR data to extract information on building density that is comparable to that obtained from the 1992 data. Ultimately, building density is estimated by linear and non-linear regression models on the basis of an one ha kernel and further aggregation is made to the level of informal settlements for a final analysis. In order to assess the reliability, use is made of several sample areas that are relatively stable over the study period, as well as, of data derived from small format aerial photography. The experiments show a high correlation between the density data derived from the satellite images and the test areas.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/03/11 20:39

_id	ecaade03_387_139_kos
id	ecaade03_387_139_kos
authors	Kós, José Ripper
year	2003
title	3D models as a base for historical narrative experiments
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.387
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 387-396
summary	Historians have relied mostly in descriptive narratives to represent their research. In the first half of the XX century, with the influence of other disciplines, that instrument started to be questioned. This paper aims to overview that debate and the search for new forms of historical representation that would overcome most of the historians’ alleged shortcomings. A web-based system that relates 3D city models to a database of historical documents of a great variety of sources is presented as a digital alternative for the representation of Rio de Janeiro’s history.
keywords	3D city models; historical narratives; database; cultural history; urban evolution
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.fau.ufrj.br/prourb/jkos.htm
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	sigradi2003_017
id	sigradi2003_017
authors	Massoni, S., Bussi, A. and Ruggeri, S.
year	2003
title	Proyecto de educación ambiental sobre residuos urbanos (Project on environmental education about urban residues)
source	SIGraDi 2003 - [Proceedings of the 7th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Rosario Argentina 5-7 november 2003
summary	This project was chosen from the first drafts Concourse of environmental education for the design of a multimedia interactive cd for pupils and a manual for teachers, asked by the Municipality of Rosario-GTZ, Deutsche Gesellschaft Technische Zusammenarbeit GmbH (German Technical Co-operation for Development). The project articulates these two communication resources as self-learning educational tools for the second cycle of Basic General Teaching (EGB) of Argentina. These communication tools are centred in the thematic axis of the management of urban residues. The project considers schools as central social actors in promotion of proactive, sensible and responsible behaviour for a socially integrated conception of the environmental quality of the city.
keywords	Environmental communication, multimedia, self-learning
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:55

_id	cf2011_p163
id	cf2011_p163
authors	Park, Hyoung-June
year	2011
title	Mass-Customization in the Design of 4,000 Bus Stops
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 265-278.
summary	In Hawaii, ‚"TheBus‚" has been a main transportation system since 1971. Considering the high cost of living in Hawaii and the absence of a rail system, the use of ‚"TheBus‚" has been an instrumental vein of the city life in Honolulu with rhythmical pauses at about 4,000 bus stops in Honolulu. However, existing undifferentiated bus stops are developed from a cost effective mass production system so that they have been problematic for satisfying specific needs from various site conditions. In this research, an integrated computational method of mass-customization for designing 4,000 bus stops is introduced. According to various site conditions, the design of each bus stop is customized. Unlike the mass‚Äêproduced bus stops commonly seen in cities today, the proposed computational method in this paper produces bus stop design outcomes that fit into the physical characteristics of the location in which they are installed. Mass-customization allows for the creation and production of unique or similar buildings and building components, differentiated through digitally‚Äêcontrolled variation (Kolarevic, 2003). The employment of a computational mass‚Äêcustomization in architectural design extends the boundary of design solutions to the satisfaction of multi-objective requirements and unlimited freedom to search alternative solutions (Duarte, 2001; Caldas, 2006). The computational method developed in this paper consists of 1) definition of a prototype, 2) parametric variation, 3) manual deformation, and 4) simulation based deformation. The definition of a prototype is the development of a basic design to be transformed for satisfying various conditions given from a site. In this paper, the bus stop prototype is developed from the analysis of more than 300 bus stops and the categorization of the existing bus stops according to their physical conditions, contextual conditions, climatic conditions, and existing amenities. Based upon the outcome of the analysis, the design variables of a bus stop prototype are defined. Those design variables then guide the basic physical parameters for changing the physical configuration of the prototype according to a given site. From this, many possible design outcomes are generated as instances for further developments. The process of manual deformation is where the designer employs its intuition to develop the selected parametric variation. The designer is compelled to think about the possible implication derived from formal variation. This optional process allows every design decision to have a creative solution from an individual designer with an incidental quality in aesthetics, but substantiated functional quality. Finally the deformation of the selection is guided and controlled by the influence of sun direction/ exposure to the selection. The simulation based deformation starts with the movement of the sun as the trigger for generating the variations of the bus stop prototype. The implementation of the computational method was made within the combination of MEL (Maya Enbedded Language), autodesk MAYA and Ecotect environment.
keywords	mass-customization, parametric variation, simulation based deformation
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	ecaade03_217_35_peng
id	ecaade03_217_35_peng
authors	Peng, Chengzhi
year	2003
title	Visualising City in Change with the MEDIUM Platform
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.217
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 217-224
summary	Work on a methodology that attempts to deliver a dynamic urban information system for visualising city in change is presented. We have developed a Multi-tier Extensible platform for Dynamic and Interactive Urban Modelling (MEDIUM) in connection with a large-scale historical urban study programme that investigates the history of the City of Sheffield. The MEDIUM platform shows some new properties that could address the limitations observed in conventional static urban modelling. We consider that 3D virtual city models can be created along a chronological axis and the time dimension of each model segment can be registered in such a way that the 3D models of different times can be brought together under a unifying visualisation platform. This will allow a visual understanding of how a city may have evolved to develop. To date, we have applied the MEDIUM platform to real city datasets and produced examples that allow us to examine what effects of urban visualisation could be achieved through the dynamic user-centred approach.
keywords	Dynamic urban modelling; virtual city; urban study, VRML; Web.
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://sucod.shef.ac.uk
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	cf2003_m_017
id	cf2003_m_017
authors	PENG, Chengzhi
year	2003
title	Serial Vision Revisited: Prospects of Virtual City Supported Urban Analysis and Design
source	Digital Design - Research and Practice [Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 1-4020-1210-1] Tainan (Taiwan) 13–15 October 2003, pp. 259-270
summary	Following our previous research on developing a dynamic virtual city system (Sheffield Urban Contextual Databank, SUCoD), the paper reports on a study of applying the virtual city resources to an undergraduate urban design course. The study focuses on how the multi-dimensional and multiple types of urban contextual data can be used by student designers directly for urban visual analysis and design development. A link is made with the Serial Vision in Townscape first proposed by Gordon Cullen, which sets out an experiential approach to how a living city environment should be read and understood. Drawing on the project works produced by the students, some patterns of generating urban narratives and 3D spatial designs were observed. Although the current experiment with SUCoD is limited in terms of data scope and modelling capabilities, it reveals a future direction to follow that can turn conventional virtual cities into Web-based online services capable of supporting urban design analyses and syntheses directly.
keywords	city, e-learning, serial vision, townscape, urban design, virtual world
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2003/09/22 12:21

_id	1373
authors	Pfaffenbichler, Paul C. and Emberger, Günter
year	2003
title	Are European cities becoming similar?
source	CORP 2003, Vienna University of Technology, 25.2.-28.2.2003 [Proceedings on CD-Rom]
summary	The paper discusses city specific development patterns to overcome todays transport problems. The results are based on recent andongoing research activities at TUW-IVV and ITS. At previous CORP-conferences, we presented the basics and the development of aplanning support tool to find optimal policy packages in urban transport and land use (Emberger, 1998), (Pfaffenbichler, Emberger, 2001). The core of this planning support tool is a dynamic land use and transport interaction model. This model, which we refer to as Sketch Planning Model (SPM), is embedded into an appraisal and optimisation framework. The SPM and this framework were developed in the recently finished European Union funded research project PROSPECTS1. Case studies with this planning supporttool were performed within PROSPECTS for the cities Edinburgh, Helsinki, Madrid, Oslo, Stockholm and Vienna. These cities are principally comparable in regards of their status (capitals and major business and education centres), but different in their size, population density, transport system etc. A set of policy instruments like public transport improvements, car traffic restrictions, and infrastructure provision was available to formulate strategies to reduce negative impacts of transport and to increase welfare. The overall objective was a sustainable development of the city. Although the instruments and the goals are similar in all investigatedcites, different solutions were adequate. The solutions vary in regard of spatial implementation, implementation time and level of implementation. The paper will highlight some reasons for the different development paths of the cities. As well the comparison of the do nothing scenario as the comparison of the most feasible policy strategies shows that European cities are different, need different solutions for their problems and will stay different in the future.
series	other
email
last changed	2003/03/11 20:39

_id	sigradi2003_127
id	sigradi2003_127
authors	Ripper Kós, José
year	2003
title	Modelos 3D e banco de dados: investigações de narrativas históricas (3D models and database: investigations on historical narratives)
source	SIGraDi 2003 - [Proceedings of the 7th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Rosario Argentina 5-7 november 2003
summary	RIO-H is a web-based system that aims to present an alternative to historical narrative. Images from 3D historical models of Rio de Janeiro link spaces within the city to historical documents stored in a database. The users retrieve the files of different sources associated to specific areas in the city. The 3D historical images facilitate the creation of relationships between the city in the past and the current city users dwell. Thus, users experience in the current city is critical for the generation of images of the past city and individual historical narratives as they navigate through the system.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:58

_id	caadria2003_k-2
id	caadria2003_k-2
authors	Suwansawat, Suchatvee
year	2003
title	The Challenging Subway Project in Bangkok - New Hope of Thais in Solving Traffic Problem [Keynote]
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2003.013
source	CAADRIA 2003 [Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 974-9584-13-9] Bangkok Thailand 18-20 October 2003, pp. 13-24
summary	This paper describes the overall delivery of the Chaloem Ratchamongkhon Line, the first subway project in Bangkok as a challenging tunneling project in an urban environment. Eight pressure balance shields were employed under two major civil works contracts (North and South sections) to drive approximately 20 kilometers of twin-tunnel underneath congested area. As a international well known project, multinational workforces exca vated tunnels for the large subway system intended to carry a half million people daily over several lines through the central city in order to minimize traffic jam. Tunnel problem includes many existing structures along the tunnel route as well as flooding, ground subsidence, and fire problems.
series	CAADRIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	sigradi2005_570
id	sigradi2005_570
authors	Vitale, Miguel Angel
year	2005
title	Formal investigation and explorations in the contemporary city
source	SIGraDi 2005 - [Proceedings of the 9th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Lima - Peru 21-24 november 2005, vol. 2, pp. 570-574
summary	The dynamics of the city today, their conceptual changes and physical migrations place us in front of an indicial rather than symbolic phenomenology where the visuality of the of the image requires to rethink the conceptual categories for the projectual action. As architects, professors and investigators we find ourselves in front of the necessity to focus from the environment of the investigations of the coetaneous city, the system of the diverse morphologic assemblies of the urban condition, the different intervening graphologic entities and the textualities of the image in the configuration of the urbanity. It is proposed to give continuity to the presentations of investigative short essays of Sigradi 2003 and inquires of the communicational sense approached in 2004, introducing in this event schemes of investigation-teaching, exhibiting proposals of objects and designs in urban environment of the Laboratory of Formal Explorations, emphasizing the revaluation of the areas of obsolescence, the insertion of the novel outdoor public spaces and new emergent forms of the dispersion and territorial decentralization." [Full paper in Spanish]
keywords	Urbanity; morphology; explorations, image; means
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 10:02

_id	ecaade03_253_115_voigt
id	ecaade03_253_115_voigt
authors	Voigt, A., Achleitner, E., Linzer, H., Schmidinger, E. and Walchhofer, H.P.
year	2003
title	Multi-dimensional Digital City Models
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.253
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 253-256
summary	Based on many years of experience with the digital city model of the Upper- Austrian capital city “Linz” (http://www.linz.at/) possible “dimensions” of a digital model are discussed in the present contribution putting to use: space & time (changes in space over a period of time call for a dynamic space concept); variants & versions (real only exists in a current state, planning mostly allows for several variants) and “Level-of- Object-Presentation” (accounting for the distance observer / object – depending on proximity of presentation the objects are divided into various sub-objects, i.e. the socalled “scene” is scale-dependent). Further key terms illustrated are the concepts “datapipeline” and “urban-space-related content-management”.
keywords	Digital Cities, Digital City Models, Data-pipeline, Space-related ContentManagement, Level of Detail (LOD), Level of Object Presentation (LOOP)
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.ifoer.tuwien.ac.at
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

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