Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ascaad2004_paper12
id	ascaad2004_paper12
authors	Al-Qawasmi, Jamal
year	2004
title	Reflections on e-Design: The e-Studio Experience
source	eDesign in Architecture: ASCAAD's First International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design, 7-9 December 2004, KFUPM, Saudi Arabia
summary	The influence of digital media and information technology on architectural design education and practice is increasingly evident. The practice and learning of architecture is increasingly aided by and dependant on digital media. Digital technologies not only provide new production methods, but also expand our abilities to create, explore, manipulate and compose space. In contemporary design education, there is a continuous demand to deliver new skills in digital media and to rethink architectural design education in the light of the new developments in digital technology. During the academic years 2001-2003, I had the chance to lead the efforts to promote an effective use of digital media for design education at Department of Architecture, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST). Architectural curriculum at JUST dedicated much time for teaching computing skills. However, in this curriculum, digital media was taught in the form of "software use" education. In this context, digital media is perceived and used mainly as a presentation tool. Furthermore, Computer Aided Architectural Design and architectural design are taught in separate courses without interactions between the two.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

_id	sigradi2003_071
id	sigradi2003_071
authors	Arroyo, Julio and Chiarella, Mauro
year	2003
title	Laboratorio proyectual (Design Laboratory)
source	SIGraDi 2003 - [Proceedings of the 7th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Rosario Argentina 5-7 november 2003
summary	The concern about public space, digital graphic and a non-habitual theoretical background are the elements of an on-process research this paper relates to. The premise of the research is the current uncertain experience of both socio-cultural and physical-spatial public space in an Argentinean intermediate city. The focus is a workshop carried out to explore how forms for the public space may be designed when urban conditions are unstable, such the case of vacant areas, lost places or terrain-vague. Digital liquid shapes and post-structural concepts are alternative resources applied to this exploration that assumes the cultural and material complexity of our urban life.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	sigradi2003_093
id	sigradi2003_093
authors	Banchini, Guillermo andMoliné, Aníbal
year	2003
title	Seminario: Exploración de Enfoques y Técnicas Digitales aplicadas al Proyecto (Seminar: Exploration de Digital Aproaches and Techniques applied to the Project)
source	SIGraDi 2003 - [Proceedings of the 7th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Rosario Argentina 5-7 november 2003
summary	This paper explains the experience performed by a group of architecture students during a short term worksop, trying to explore the potentials of new approaches and digital technics applied to urban and architectural design. The main purposes were: the inclusion of objetive information and quantitative data of material significance in order to assist the generation and structuring of the design process. The notions of "diagram", "field conditions", "contextual logistic" and "animation" were the conceptual categories employed to approach the dinamic conditions and time related logics as critical aspects of the flexibility associated with material organizations.
keywords	Projects, approaches, explorations, digital, technics.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	sigradi2003_043
id	sigradi2003_043
authors	Bianchi, N., Montelpare, A. and Soboleosky, L.
year	2003
title	El aprendizaje inicial del proceso proyectual (The initial learning of the design process)
source	SIGraDi 2003 - [Proceedings of the 7th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Rosario Argentina 5-7 november 2003
summary	The act of design using the graphic language is esential to the organization and determination of the process. Introducing digital tools modifies the design project research. Its application faces the traditional experience and encourages different demands conceptually and operatively. We wonder if the use of digital media, from the very beginning, is possible or pupils must have trainning in the use of conventional graphic in order to be meaningfull. Our proposition is to include digital technology from the beginnitng of the teaching process, in order to explore the potencial of each mode and promoving to learn the normative background.
keywords	Initial learning design, analog and digital modes
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	caadria2003_a4-3
id	caadria2003_a4-3
authors	Chang, Yu-Li
year	2003
title	Dual Interface Between Physical and Digital Cities Cyberspatial Cognitive Approach to Thread Digital City In Physical City
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2003.523
source	CAADRIA 2003 [Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 974-9584-13-9] Bangkok Thailand 18-20 October 2003, pp. 523-538
summary	Today, digital cities are being developed all over the world. By using a city metaphor, digital cities integrate urban information and create public spaces. However, human how to entry into the new emerging digital cities, to percept themselves in around cities, and then taking shape the recognition of digital city forms? This paper studied by the viewpoint of cognition in order to explore the structure of the new style spatiality as cyberspace. By exploring the factors of human spatial cognition in physical space to interpret that human how to image and percept the spatial form of digital cities by the spatial experience in physical space, to construct the dual interface of spatial cognition of interaction between digital cities and physical cities.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	caadria2003_a4-1
id	caadria2003_a4-1
authors	Chen, Jia-Yih Joy and Jeng, Taysheng
year	2003
title	Exploring Digital City With Physical Interactions
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2003.505
source	CAADRIA 2003 [Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 974-9584-13-9] Bangkok Thailand 18-20 October 2003, pp. 505-512
summary	The purpose of this work is to develop needed interaction techniques for understanding the context of a digital city. In this paper, we present a framework in terms of three perspectives: information representation, physical interactions and media space design. We implement tangible media for physical interactions, allowing users to explore a digital city with respect to different positions in time-space in an interactive and intuitive manner. The time-space representation is mapped to physical media space. Our work is demonstrated in a digital 3D museum project for Tainan city in Taiwan.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	sigradi2006_e028c
id	sigradi2006_e028c
authors	Griffith, Kenfield; Sass, Larry and Michaud, Dennis
year	2006
title	A strategy for complex-curved building design:Design structure with Bi-lateral contouring as integrally connected ribs
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 465-469
summary	Shapes in designs created by architects such as Gehry Partners (Shelden, 2002), Foster and Partners, and Kohn Peterson and Fox rely on computational processes for rationalizing complex geometry for building construction. Rationalization is the reduction of a complete geometric shape into discrete components. Unfortunately, for many architects the rationalization is limited reducing solid models to surfaces or data on spread sheets for contractors to follow. Rationalized models produced by the firms listed above do not offer strategies for construction or digital fabrication. For the physical production of CAD description an alternative to the rationalized description is needed. This paper examines the coupling of digital rationalization and digital fabrication with physical mockups (Rich, 1989). Our aim is to explore complex relationships found in early and mid stage design phases when digital fabrication is used to produce design outcomes. Results of our investigation will aid architects and engineers in addressing the complications found in the translation of design models embedded with precision to constructible geometries. We present an algorithmically based approach to design rationalization that supports physical production as well as surface production of desktop models. Our approach is an alternative to conventional rapid prototyping that builds objects by assembly of laterally sliced contours from a solid model. We explored an improved product description for rapid manufacture as bilateral contouring for structure and panelling for strength (Kolarevic, 2003). Infrastructure typically found within aerospace, automotive, and shipbuilding industries, bilateral contouring is an organized matrix of horizontal and vertical interlocking ribs evenly distributed along a surface. These structures are monocoque and semi-monocoque assemblies composed of structural ribs and skinning attached by rivets and adhesives. Alternative, bi-lateral contouring discussed is an interlocking matrix of plywood strips having integral joinery for assembly. Unlike traditional methods of building representations through malleable materials for creating tangible objects (Friedman, 2002), this approach constructs with the implication for building life-size solutions. Three algorithms are presented as examples of rationalized design production with physical results. The first algorithm [Figure 1] deconstructs an initial 2D curved form into ribbed slices to be assembled through integral connections constructed as part of the rib solution. The second algorithm [Figure 2] deconstructs curved forms of greater complexity. The algorithm walks along the surface extracting surface information along horizontal and vertical axes saving surface information resulting in a ribbed structure of slight double curvature. The final algorithm [Figure 3] is expressed as plug-in software for Rhino that deconstructs a design to components for assembly as rib structures. The plug-in also translates geometries to a flatten position for 2D fabrication. The software demonstrates the full scope of the research exploration. Studies published by Dodgson argued that innovation technology (IvT) (Dodgson, Gann, Salter, 2004) helped in solving projects like the Guggenheim in Bilbao, the leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy, and the Millennium Bridge in London. Similarly, the method discussed in this paper will aid in solving physical production problems with complex building forms. References Bentley, P.J. (Ed.). Evolutionary Design by Computers. Morgan Kaufman Publishers Inc. San Francisco, CA, 1-73 Celani, G, (2004) “From simple to complex: using AutoCAD to build generative design systems” in: L. Caldas and J. Duarte (org.) Implementations issues in generative design systems. First Intl. Conference on Design Computing and Cognition, July 2004 Dodgson M, Gann D.M., Salter A, (2004), “Impact of Innovation Technology on Engineering Problem Solving: Lessons from High Profile Public Projects,” Industrial Dynamics, Innovation and Development, 2004 Dristas, (2004) “Design Operators.” Thesis. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2004 Friedman, M, (2002), Gehry Talks: Architecture + Practice, Universe Publishing, New York, NY, 2002 Kolarevic, B, (2003), Architecture in the Digital Age: Design and Manufacturing, Spon Press, London, UK, 2003 Opas J, Bochnick H, Tuomi J, (1994), “Manufacturability Analysis as a Part of CAD/CAM Integration”, Intelligent Systems in Design and Manufacturing, 261-292 Rudolph S, Alber R, (2002), “An Evolutionary Approach to the Inverse Problem in Rule-Based Design Representations”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 329-350 Rich M, (1989), Digital Mockup, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Reston, VA, 1989 Schön, D., The Reflective Practitioner: How Professional Think in Action. Basic Books. 1983 Shelden, D, (2003), “Digital Surface Representation and the Constructability of Gehry’s Architecture.” Diss. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2003 Smithers T, Conkie A, Doheny J, Logan B, Millington K, (1989), “Design as Intelligent Behaviour: An AI in Design Thesis Programme”, Artificial Intelligence in Design, 293-334 Smithers T, (2002), “Synthesis in Designing”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 3-24 Stiny, G, (1977), “Ice-ray: a note on the generation of Chinese lattice designs” Environmental and Planning B, volume 4, pp. 89-98
keywords	Digital fabrication; bilateral contouring; integral connection; complex-curve
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	acadia03_040
id	acadia03_040
authors	Katherine A. Liapi, Katherine A. and Kim, Jinman
year	2003
title	A Parametric Approach to the Design of a Tensegrity Vaulted Dome for an Ephemeral Structure for the 2004 Olympics
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.301
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, pp. 301-309
summary	Tensegrity, defined as “tensional integrity,” is central to the design of a semi-open exhibition space that was submitted as an entry to the international competition for the design of “Ephemeral Structures for the City of Athens,” in the context of the 2004 Olympic Games. The main feature of the proposed exhibition space is a vaulted dome composed of interconnected detachable and deployable tensegrity units. The most challenging aspect in the design of the tensegrity vault was the generation of alternative spatial configurations for form exploration and study. For this purpose a mathematical code has been developed that links all the parameters that affect the design of tensegrity vaults. The code also allows for the parametric graphical generation of the vault by displaying geometric information in a 3D environment. This paper discusses the geometric basis of the code and its usefulness in the morphological study of the tensegrity vaulted dome for the proposed ephemeral structure. The mathematical code has been shown to significantly facilitate the study of various preliminary configurations of tensegrity vaulted structures.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ecaade03_237_51_zone
id	ecaade03_237_51_zone
authors	Lee, Y.Z. Lim, C.K. and Liu, Y.T.
year	2003
title	Multiple digital media in realizing various urban spaces: Project 2050 Taiwan
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.237
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 237-246
summary	In Taiwan, it is a common phenomenon that landscape, urban spaces, and buildings are not considered as a whole by governments at all levels and private clients. More terribly, the government has never proposed any urban statement for the future. The Minister strongly therefore proposes this statement: 2050 vision Taiwan, aim to design the public spaces for the life of Taiwan in the year 2050. The Council for Culture Affairs plans to spend two years to cover 100 locations and invite 20 design teams to provide new vision of the places. Our design team, AleppoZONE first conducts the initial stage of this project that includes three areas of Taiwan: Taipei as the capital of Taiwan is expected to become a better place reflecting new and old space combination. Hsinchu is planned to explore the prototype for a digital city where digital technology is wellinstalled in the city plaza and public buildings. In the island of Pen-Hu, the ecology and high-tech transportation are equally considered to shape Pen-Hu as an island with nature. In the process, design team successfully synthesizes digital models and dynamic films into virtual and physical coexisting environmental animations by using multiple digital media in realizing the 2050 vision cities. The aim of this research is to give a throughout introduction of this project.
keywords	Digital media; urban spaces; representation
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ijac20031301
id	ijac20031301
authors	Levy, Adrian J.
year	2003
title	Real and Virtual Spaces Generated By Music
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 1 - no. 3
summary	The main objective of this research work is to explore a new digital design process. This new method for the creation of spaces (referred to as Data Representation Architecture) entails the choice of any element from the everyday world, and the creation, by means of a digital a process, of either a real or a virtual space. In this particular case, the real element is music. Various melodies, some of them famous and some of them new or specially composed for the project, materialize their basic information and generate novel spaces. For each musical composition, many instruments were played, and the sound of each of them was then materialized in the final space. This is how alternative design processes are born, and a completely new architecture defined. In order to accomplish this research work, it was necessary to combine knowledge from different fields; namely, architecture, music, mathematics and computer science.
series	journal
more	http://www.multi-science.co.uk/ijac.htm
last changed	2007/03/04 07:08

_id	sigradi2003_053
id	sigradi2003_053
authors	Lobato Valdespino, Juan Carlos
year	2003
title	El modelo diagramático informatizado como análisis prefigurativo del espacio arquitectónico contemporáneo (The schematic computer model as the prefigurative analysis of contemporary architectural space)
source	SIGraDi 2003 - [Proceedings of the 7th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Rosario Argentina 5-7 november 2003
summary	The foreshadowing and transfiguration of architectural space using digital technologies proposes a new order among the physical, symbolic and digital interrelations, where these entities coexist, not only as part of the process that orchestrates thought, but as important mechanisms within the creative process. So we accept that the potentiality of a computerized diagrammatic model expresses more that simply functional aspects, becoming the representation of thought, problems solving and communication, developing images that allow us to explore and to evaluate alternatives, bringing closer objects that we perceive by means of the senses, as well as those that we imagine or dream of.
keywords	Diagrammatic models, computerized models, design process
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:55

_id	caadria2003_b7-3
id	caadria2003_b7-3
authors	Ma, Y.-P., Lee, C.-H. and Jeng, T.
year	2003
title	Inavigator: A Spatially-Aware Tangible Interface for Interactive 3D Visualization
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2003.963
source	CAADRIA 2003 [Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 974-9584-13-9] Bangkok Thailand 18-20 October 2003, pp. 963-974
summary	The purpose of this work is to design a spatially-aware tangible interface for interactive 3D visualization. We explore an integrated platform whereby digital representations are integrated with physical artifacts. Our work provides a means to display separated perspective views of a design on multiple-projection physical planes. Users can directly interact with the physical planes to view digital information. By coupling physical artifacts with digital representations, the view of 3D information is mapped to physical space. Our work reduces the cognitive load on novice designers, and enhances the user's capability of understanding the relationships between multiple design representations.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	sigradi2003_038
id	sigradi2003_038
authors	Pizzi, M., Donoso, M., Caviares, A., Alessandri, J. and Villalón, T.
year	2003
title	Incorporación de Tecnologías de Modelado Espacial en un Curso Inicial de Formación de Arquitectos (Introduction of Space Modeling Technologies in an Initial Course of the Education of Architects)
source	SIGraDi 2003 - [Proceedings of the 7th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Rosario Argentina 5-7 november 2003
summary	The incorporation of virtual technologies to the learning process in architectural design is still incipient, using graphic software mainly as a rendering tool late in the curriculum. This paper presents an experience carried out with first year studio students, at the School of Architecture of the University of Chile, in which the intention is to incorporate virtual learning as part of the process spatial modification thinking. Through the use of Form Z, friendly software to learn for beginners, applied for simple extrusions, geometric transformations as translation, rotation or scaling, and the transformation of geometries and proportions through the handling of topological levels of polygonal objects. Through increasingly complex exercises we developed an effective complement of a traditional design methodology.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:57

_id	cf2003_m_024
id	cf2003_m_024
authors	SEGERS, Nicole S. and de VRIES, Bauke
year	2003
title	The Idea Space System - Words as Handles to a Comprehensive Data Structure
source	Digital Design - Research and Practice [Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 1-4020-1210-1] Tainan (Taiwan) 13–15 October 2003, pp. 31-40
summary	The Idea Space System is a CAAD system that supports an architect in the early phase of the design process, by reducing fixation in the process and enhancing the ‘flow’ of work. Mostly in the field of CAAD research, the emphasis lies on sketching or modelling. However the architect uses multiple representations in developing the design. In this research the focus lies on the use of words. The Idea Space System captures all design data and then uses the words to provide the architect with new associations and relations between words (real time), which stimulate the generation of new ideas. Architecture students have used our first prototype of the Idea Space System in a small experiment. This gave us better insight in the ideas and relations made by the architect in the early phase of the design process and what kind of feedback preferred. Afterwards a study was done about the representation of the feedback. In this paper we focus on the textual input provided by the architecture students and the description of the Idea Space System, handling this textual input and providing the architecture students with the proper feedback.
keywords	conceptual, information modelling, design thinking, text
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2003/11/22 07:23

_id	acadia03_030
id	acadia03_030
authors	Sirbu, Daniela
year	2003
title	Digital Exploration of Unbuilt Architecture: A Non-Photorealistic Approach
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.235
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, pp. 235-245
summary	This paper presents a new approach to the digital investigation of unbuilt architecture. A navigable world, emulating the architect’s graphic style, is built as a 3D non-photorealistic reconstruction of the unbuilt project. A cinematic journey through this world intermediates the exploration of the architect’s possible mental visualizations during the creative stages. The goals of the proposed approach are: to open new avenues for investigating the conception of architecture, to help architectural students visualize and experience important unbuilt projects that have shaped the practice of architecture, and to popularize lesser-known architects to the general public. The approach stems from the idea that architectural drawings are the artifacts reflecting most accurately the architect’s creative and thinking processes. Anchored in the concept of multi-dimensional space developed by the author, the proposed method uses the original drawing of the artist as the main artifact on which the reconstruction process is based. The present paper concentrates on those aspects related to extracting information from the architect’s drawing and embedding historic knowledge in the 3D reconstruction of the unbuilt project. It calls to attention the idea that technological progress creates tools that the Architect uses to operate with the fundamental concepts of place, space, and time.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaade03_269_43_achten
id	ecaade03_269_43_achten
authors	Achten, Henri and Joosen, Gijs
year	2003
title	The Digital Design Process - Reflections on a Single Design Case
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.269
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 269-274
summary	CAD tools are increasing their expressive and geometric power to enable a design process in which the computer model can be used throughout the whole design process for realizing the design. Such a process, in which other media such as physical scale models or drawings are no longer required by necessity to facilitate the design process, can be considered a digital design process. Rather than proposing that such a process is ideal – drawings and scale models should not be discarded – we feel that when taken as a starting point, the digital design process raises a number of new challenges to architectural design that deserve attention. These challenges concern the basic activities in design: exploration of the problem space, creating preliminary solutions, understanding consequences of design decisions, and so forth. In this paper we take the concrete design case of a graduation project that was developed from the start solely in CAD. We identify a number of key issues in that process such as continuous modeling, the model as design, continuous pliability, localized focus, and postponed decision. These issues not only have a technical, CAD-related aspect, but also are connected to architectural design. Most of these aspects are subject of contemporary debate in architectural design. On this basis, we can indicate where CAD is making a potential difference in architectural design.
keywords	Digital design, CAAD
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.ds.arch.tue.nl/General/Staff/henri
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	sigradi2005_731
id	sigradi2005_731
authors	Albornoz Delgado, Humberto Ángel; Laura Talía Escalante Rodríguez, Leticia Gallegos Cazares
year	2005
title	Didactic Design: light and optics for preschool level
source	SIGraDi 2005 - [Proceedings of the 9th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Lima - Peru 21-24 november 2005, vol. 2, pp. 731-737
summary	Since 2003, we have been developing a pedagogic proposal and didactic material for teaching Light and Optics to kindergarden children that enhances the construction of the first scientific thinking schemes. The design (industrial and graphic) applied to this project has generated an educational product composed of 44 objects. These materials allow teaching concepts such as: combination of colors, light indispensable to see, formation of shadows and images are not objects. These have been developed as inciters of curiosity, capable to awake the innate restlessness of children, achieving to stimulate their creativity. The purpose is to explore knowledge and construct their own ideas; enrich their experiences and inquire a reality that was drawn grey and tedious, generating a process of manipulation-action and then representation-conceptualization. This product has been successfully used as a pilot test in a kindergarden, reflecting significant gains in students’ science learning. [Full paper in Spanish]
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	diss_anders
id	diss_anders
authors	Anders, P.
year	2003
title	A Procedural Model for Integrating Physical and Cyberspaces in Architecture
source	Doctoral dissertation, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, U.K
summary	This dissertation articulates opportunities offered by architectural computation, in particular the digital simulation of space known as virtual reality (VR) and its networked, social variant cyberspace. Research suggests that environments that hybridize technologies call for a conception of space as information, i.e. space is both a product of and tool for cognition. The thesis proposes a model whereby architecture can employ this concept of space in creating hybrids that integrate physical and cyberspaces.The dissertation presents important developments in architectural computation that disclose concepts and values that contrast with orthodox practice. Virtual reality and cyberspace, the foci of this inquiry, are seen to embody the more problematic aspects of these developments. They also raise a question of redundancy: If a simulation is good enough, do we still need to build? This question, raised early in the 1990's, is explored through a thought experiment - the Library Paradox - which is assessed and critiqued for its idealistic premises. Still, as technology matures and simulations become more realistic the challenge posed by VR/cyberspace to architecture only becomes more pressing. If the case for virtual idealism seems only to be strengthened by technological and cultural trends, it would seem that a virtual architecture should have been well established in the decade since its introduction.Yet a history of the virtual idealist argument discloses the many difficulties faced by virtual architects. These include differences between idealist and professional practitioners, the failure of technology to achieve its proponents' claims, and confusion over the meaning of virtual architecture among both architects and clients. However, the dissertation also cites the success of virtual architecture in other fields - Human Computer Interface design, digital games, and Computer Supported Collaborative Work - and notes that their adoption of space derives from practice within each discipline. It then proposes that the matter of VR/cyberspace be addressed from within the practice of architecture, a strategy meant to balance the theoretical/academic inclination of previous efforts in this field.The dissertation pursues an assessment that reveals latent, accepted virtualities in design methodologies, instrumentation, and the notations of architectural practices. Of special importance is a spatial database that now pervades the design and construction processes. The unity of this database, effectively a project's cyberspace, and its material counterpart is the subject of the remainder of the dissertation. Such compositions of physical and cyberspaces are herein called cybrids. The dissertation examines current technologies that cybridize architecture and information technology, and proposes their integration within cybrid wholes. The concept of cybrids is articulated in seven principles that are applied in a case study for the design for the Planetary Collegium. The project is presented and critiqued on the basis of these seven principles. The dissertation concludes with a discussion of possible effects of cybrids upon architecture and contemporary culture.
series	thesis:PhD
email
last changed	2005/09/09 12:58

_id	acadia03_022
id	acadia03_022
authors	Anders, Peter
year	2003
title	Towards Comprehensive Space: A context for the programming/design of cybrids
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.161
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, pp. 161-171
summary	Cybrids have been presented as mixed realities: spatial, architectural compositions comprised of physical and cyberspaces (Anders 1997). In order to create a rigorous approach to the design of architectural cybrids, this paper offers a model for programming their spaces. Other than accepting cyberspaces as part of architecture’s domain, this approach is not radical. Indeed, many parts of program development resemble those of conventional practice. However, the proposition that cyberspaces should be integrated with material structures requires that their relationship be developed from the outset of a project. Hence, this paper provides a method for their integration from the project’s earliest stages, the establishment of its program. This study for an actual project, the Planetary Collegium, describes a distributed campus comprising buildings and cyberspaces in various locales across the globe. The programming for these cybrids merges them within a comprehensive space consisting not only of the physical and cyberspaces, but also in the cognitive spaces of its designers and users.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia03_002
id	acadia03_002
authors	Anders, Peter
year	2003
title	Four Degrees Of Freedom
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.x.s7a
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, p. 17
summary	Letting go is hard to do. Remember back to when, after months of trying, you let go of the handlebars of your bicycle and sailed down the street, effortless and assured. It was a freedom born of mastery, balance and technique. You had let go, but were in control. Technique extends to other devices as well and we are here to discuss architectural computation. Here too, as we will see, mastery is shown by letting go. These papers explore new degrees of freedom in design computation. Each is on a separate aspect of architecture, whether it be aesthetics, process, or structure. Two papers inquire into the entities of design and the processes by which they are manifested. They pose important questions. If we can affect the course of design going forward, are we free to change its past? By defining the characteristics of objects at the outset, are we through automation free to choose from a refined spectrum of outcomes? From the evidence of these papers, the answer to both questions is yes. Through the agency of parametric design we can affect the future and past of architectural processes and their products. Rather than being locked into rigid, linear decisions we are temporally free to choose, tweak and modify. Choice and chance play an important role in aesthetics as well. This has become emblematic of design trends as we have seen in recent years. One of our papers addresses the indeterminacy of particle systems in the design of a monument to the victims of 9/11. By letting go of the handlebars of the computer, the author has been freed to new, poetic forms and processes. Another paper opens urban design to its client community by use of a sophisticated web site. In the tradition of populist innovators like Charles Moore and Lucien Kroll, the authors have extended the design process beyond the office walls to the city itself. The designers, by loosening their grip on the project have made the effort democratic and participatory. Intriguingly, at the end of the paper, they note that this use of cyberspace opens the door to a non-physical architecture. Could architecture, then, let go its materialist biases as well? We hope to engage this and other questions shortly.We are pleased then, to share with you these insights and projects. Wassim and I hope that these presentations will be as liberating for you as they were for us.
series	ACADIA
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last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

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