Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Reformat results as: short short into frame detailed detailed into frame

_id	ecaade03_329_27_sperling
id	ecaade03_329_27_sperling
authors	Sperling, David
year	2003
title	Diagrams, Modeling and Rapid Prototyping: Interface Between Design of Form Process and Topology
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.329
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 329-332
summary	This paper investigates the concept of topological processual diagrams, geometric way of surfaces construction in topology, and the paradigm of homoeomorphism shaping, procedure that keeps topological properties. It explores possibilities of using it as a process of architectural shape generation, combined to computer-aided modeling tools and rapid prototyping. It intends to go through two complementary ways of translation between object shape and topology: the making of architectonical objects in topological surfaces and, on the other way, the exploration of topological surfaces as architectonical objects.
keywords	Diagram; topology; design process; rapid prototyping
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	acadia03_004
id	acadia03_004
authors	Williamson, R. Shane
year	2003
title	Process and Individuation: Designing for Controlled Indeterminacy
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.029
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, pp. 29-37
summary	Through the presentation of the design of a memorial, this paper intends to introduce an iterative design process that incorporates particle-based animation, parametrically constrained operations, and a variety of rapid-prototyping techniques. This is a project rooted in the generation and interpretation of physical artifacts dependent upon both the generative potential of digital media and the subjective modifications associated with design authorship It is stated in the brief for this ACADIA topic node that “the maturity of design, modeling, visualization, manufacturing and collaboration tools has allowed them to be naturally and comfortably integrated into the design process at all stages.” As such, the design statement for this memorial makes no mention of the incorporation of digital media. Process is subordinate to its result. Simply, the victims’ families would not find the range of technology incorporated in this design pertinent to the matter at hand: the design of a memorial to honor the victims of the attack on the Pentagon. Within the context of this “Digital Design” topic node, though, it is my intention to expose the digital underpinnings of this project and position it within a discourse somewhere between ars accidentalis and the constraints of fully parametric and geometrically-associative design.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	sigradi2003_070
id	sigradi2003_070
authors	Angulo, Antonieta H. and Vásquez de Velasco, Guillermo P.
year	2003
title	El Uso de Scaners y Ploteadores Tridimensionales en Talleres de Diseño Iniciales (The Use of Three-dimensional Scanners and Plotters in Early Design Studios)
source	SIGraDi 2003 - [Proceedings of the 7th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Rosario Argentina 5-7 november 2003
summary	The paper makes reference to the introduction of a new pedagogical strategy in the teaching of fundamental design in early design studios. The authors recognizes a relationship between the creative process and the media that supports the design process, and proposes the use of 3-dimensional scanners and plotters (rapid prototyping) for interfacing between the use of digital and analogue media. The paper suggests that in such learning environment the students will learn to design without the limitations that analogue or digital media will individually impose in the creative process. The paper ends with an outline for a relevant design exercise.
keywords	Conceptual design, 3-d scanners, 3-d plotters
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	ecaade03_441_16_fischer
id	ecaade03_441_16_fischer
authors	Fischer, T., Burry, M. and Frazer, J.
year	2003
title	Triangulation of Generative Form for Parametric Design and Rapid Prototyping
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.441
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 441-448
summary	In this paper we discuss recent developments in the ongoing implementation of a toolkit for developmental generative design and form finding. We examine tissues of face-centered cubically close-packed voxel cells and topologically related structures for the possibility of 3D data conversion and of rapid prototyping applications. We also demonstrate how generative and parametric design can be integrated in order to enhance design flexibility and control.
keywords	Parametric design, digital morphogenesis, cellular expression, geometry triangulation
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.sial.rmit.edu.au
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	diss_2003
id	diss_2003
authors	Gorczyca, Adam
year	2003
title	Interaction of the design methods and the contemporary computer techniques
source	Faculty of Architecture, Warsaw University of Technology
summary	The thesis researches a bilateral relations between computer techniques and methods of architectural design. It represents a holistic attitude because of a multithread analysis in the field of the theory of design, a new hard- and software used by architects, and a design practice. Thesis: Contemporary computer science development at the end of the twentieth century pushed architects to use hard- and software as tools, which became an active support (more than just CAAD). It enabled to widen the scope of a form-properties research and a generation of solutions impossible to achieve before, by using traditional methods and tools. This situation leads to new, unpredictable possibilities of architectural research and design. Objectives: 1. Definition of the latest trends in computer technologies applied in architectural offices. 2. Presentation of some practical consequencies of application of those technologies in design and construction. 3. Separation of new design methods caused by use of digital tools. 4. A simplified taxonomy of the methods above, with characteristic features. 5. A research in practical application of digital tools in Polish and foreign offices, as well as at the WUT Faculty of Architecture. The subject of the work: The thesis constitutes of five chapters. The first chapter is an introduction, where the range of work is presented in the context of place, time and the research made. The following chapters research three aspects of CAAD: (1) hardware and software, (2) new definition of architecture, which is a result of application of the digital tools, (3) practical problems connected with the use of computer techniques. The second chapter describes the new technologies in use –Virtual Reality (incl. VRD, CAVE’s, Data Gloves, motion-capture), Rapid prototyping (incl. holographic printers, 3D scanners, routers, milling-machines), new types of interfaces (e.g. xWorlds, InfoSpace, Flock of birds), etc. The third chapter is a theoretical one. It presents three types of changes in design methods, which can be classified, judging by results, in architecture of: (a) in-formation (b) de-formation and (c) cyberspace. All the mentioned applications of a digital technology cause redefinition of the range of the architects’ profession. The fourth chapter is concentrated on the application and utilization of technology. It is a detailed analysis of chosen buildings (characteristic examples) and design methods used by some avant-garde and well-known practitioners and visioners of architecture (Eisenman, Gehry, Spuybroek, etc.). It also presents statistics, where the influence of digital tools on the way of working (efficiency, productivity, use of tools) is expressed numerically. A synthesis summarizes the relation between architects and the new digital tools in some aspects: hard- and software, social changes, ergonomics, methodics, linguistic/symbolic and architectural. The mentioned ranges of interaction constitute the proof of the thesis.
series	thesis:PhD
email
last changed	2003/09/17 18:20

_id	2004_292
id	2004_292
authors	Modeen, Thomas
year	2004
title	Using Solid Freeform Fabrication for the Conceptualization and Corporeal Actualization of Architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.292
source	Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 292-301
summary	This paper forms an update to the paper presented ar eCAADe 2003, in Graz. It is a summary of a project which aim is to suggest an alternate methodology for utilizing additive Solid Freeform Fabrication (more commonly known as Rapid Prototyping), for the conceptualization and fabrication of design and architecture. It plans to do so by establishing a methodology that is innate and a direct reflection of the additive SFF production process. The project also aims to address the seemingly divisive discrepancy between the process of digitally conceiving a design and the intrinsically somatic way we perceive it. Whereas the paper in Graz introduced the conceptual foundations and the taxonomy of the project, the aim in this years paper is to present some of the realized designs and discuss, in brief, how what has been learnt could be furthered as the project proceeds. The three designs described in more detail in the paper, all catalyzed by a specific sensory notion, would have been very difficult, if not impossible, to fabricate by any other means than additive Solid Freeform Fabrication.
keywords	Architecture, Design, Solid Freefrom Fabrication, Senses
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	acadia03_008
id	acadia03_008
authors	Cabrinha, Mark
year	2003
title	Function Follows Form: 10 Sticks (and a Bench)
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.057
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, pp. 57-65
summary	While the introduction of digital media in the design studio often emphasizes virtual realms, the effect of new fabrication technology on the architect brings the architect back to the realm of master-builder rather than distancing the architect from reality. While purely digital projects have pushed the development of form, they have also placed an emphasis on form over material. However, with the intention to physically build a project, the connections between process, form, and material become intertwined. The inception of this project also served as a clear reminder that the tools we use affect the way we think. This project began as a simple idea: how a column becomes animated to form an arch over time. The digitization of this idea took literally minutes in Maya. It was exported and further modeled in AutoCAD, and then rendered and reanimated in 3D Studio-Viz. This was a very brief, two-week introductory project, in a class on drafting and wood light-frame construction. It served to make a greater connection between digital media, the design process, analog drawing, and the role of craft and material.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia03_033
id	acadia03_033
authors	Ceccato, Cristiano
year	2003
title	From Emergence of Form to the Forming of Logic
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.254
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, pp. 254-255
summary	Driven by digital design tools and production methods, the interplay of theory and practice in architecture is converging on the notion of process. Process definition and process tools are now an essential part of design, design development, fabrication and construction. The word process itself can be interpreted in different ways, as being deterministic or non-deterministic. Computer programming can be understood as a design process and a structuring mechanism. Rather than making finite designs (products), architects are beginning to understand their roles as toolmakers, developing algorithmic processes that incorporate constraints and intents into software / procedures / programming. New methodologies such as parametric-associative design hierarchies are a clear example of semantic design structuring (a form of grammatical ordering); the creation of hierarchical parametric models can be understood as a form of visual programming. In a deterministic sense, it can be argued that if a process is correct and critical, then by definition so will be the product.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	cf_2003_000
id	cf_2003_000
authors	Chiu, M.-L., Tsou, J.-Y., Kvan, Th., Morozumi, M. and Jeng, T.-S. (Eds.)
year	2003
title	Digital Design - Research and Practice
source	Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 1-4020-1210-1 / Tainan (Taiwan) 13–15 October 2003, 464 p.
summary	The use of computers in the design of the built environment has reached a watershed. From peripheral devices in the design process, they have in recent years come to take centre stage. An illustration is immediately at hand. Just as the entries to the competition for the Chicago Tribune Tower in 1922 defined the state-of-the-art at the beginning of the twentieth century, we have a similar marker at the end of the century, the competition in 2002 to replace the World Trade Centre towers in Lower Manhattan offered us a range of architectural solutions that exemplified the state-of-the-art eighty years later, setting forth not only architectural statements but also illustrating clearly the importance of computers in the design of the built environment. In these entries of 2002, we can see that computers have not only become essential to the communication of design but in the investigation and generation of structure, form and composition. The papers in this book are the current state-of-the-art in computer-aided design as it stands in 2003. It is the tenth in a series sponsored by the CAAD Futures Foundation, compiled from papers presented at the biennial CAAD Futures Conferences. As a series, the publications have charted the steady progress in developing the theoretical and practical foundations for applications in design practice. This volume continues in that tradition; thus, this book is entitled Digital Design: Research and Practice. The papers are grouped into three major categories, reflecting thrusts of research and practice, namely: Data and information: its organisation, handling and access, including agents; Virtual worlds: their creation, application and interfaces; and Analysis and creation of form and fabric. The editors received 121 abstracts after the initial call for contributions. From these, 61 abstracts were selected for development into complete papers for further review. From these submissions, 39 papers were chosen for inclusion in this publication. These papers show that the field has evolved from theoretical and development concerns to questions of practice in the decade during which this conference has showcased leading work. Questions of theoretical nature remain as the boundaries of our field expand. As design projects have grasped the potentials of computer-aided design, so have they challenged the capabilities of the tools. Papers here address questions in geometric representation and manipulation (Chiu and Chiu; Kocaturk, Veltkamp and Tuncer), topics that may have been considered to be solved. As design practice becomes increasingly knowledge based, better ways of managing, manipulating and accessing the complex wealth of design information becomes more pressing, demanding continuing research in issues such as modelling (Yang; Wang; Zreik et al), data retrieval and querying (Hwang and Choi; Stouffs and Cumming; Zreik, Stouffs, Tuncer, Ozsariyildiz and Beheshti), new modes of perceiving data (Segers; Tan). Tools are needed to manage, mine and create information for creative work, such as agents (Liew and Gero; Smith; Caneparo and Robiglio; Ding et al) or to support design processes (Smith; Chase). Systems for the support and development of designs continue (Gero; Achten and Jessurun). As progress is made on some fronts, such as user interfaces, attention is again turned to previously research areas such as lighting (Jung, Gross and Do; Ng et al; Wittkopf; Chevier; Glaser, Do and Tai) or services (Garcia; Chen and Lin). In recent years the growth of connectivity has led to a rapid growth in collaborative experience and understanding of the opportunities and issues continues to mature (Jabi; Dave; Zamenopoulos and Alexiou). Increasing interest is given to implications in practice and education (Dave; Oxman; Caneparo, Grassi and Giretti). Topics new to this conference are in the area of design to production or manufacture (Fischer, Burry and Frazer; Shih). Three additional invited papers (Rekimoto; Liu; Kalay) provide clear indication that there is still room to develop new spatial concepts and computer augmented environments for design. In conclusion, we note that these papers represent a good record of the current state of the evolving research in the field of digital design.
series	CAAD Futures
email
more	http://www.caadfutures.arch.tue.nl/
last changed	2003/09/22 12:21

_id	ecaade03_407_19_sterk
id	ecaade03_407_19_sterk
authors	d’Estrée Sterk, Tristan
year	2003
title	Building Upon Negroponte: A Hybridized Model of Control Suitable for Responsive Architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.407
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 407-414
summary	Responsive architecture is commonly defined as a type of architecture that has the ability to alter its form in response to changing conditions. While this description is successful in capturing the gist of the topic, it does not provide us with the more detailed understandings required to build it. The knowledge required to build a truly responsive form of architecture is substantial, an understanding of architecture, robotics, artificial intelligence and structural engineering are all beneficial. The links that are required between each knowledge base to actuate and control the responses of this type of architecture further complicate matters – suggesting potential reasons for the ambivalence of architects towards deeply exploring to the topic or extending it beyond the aesthetic application of an event-based architecture. This paper will build a model of responsive architecture that explains one possible approach to the topic, emphasizing ways to build it and control it in the process.
keywords	Controlling responsive architecture, Controlling networks of response buildings
series	eCAADe
type	normal paper
email
more	admin
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	sigradi2006_e028c
id	sigradi2006_e028c
authors	Griffith, Kenfield; Sass, Larry and Michaud, Dennis
year	2006
title	A strategy for complex-curved building design:Design structure with Bi-lateral contouring as integrally connected ribs
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 465-469
summary	Shapes in designs created by architects such as Gehry Partners (Shelden, 2002), Foster and Partners, and Kohn Peterson and Fox rely on computational processes for rationalizing complex geometry for building construction. Rationalization is the reduction of a complete geometric shape into discrete components. Unfortunately, for many architects the rationalization is limited reducing solid models to surfaces or data on spread sheets for contractors to follow. Rationalized models produced by the firms listed above do not offer strategies for construction or digital fabrication. For the physical production of CAD description an alternative to the rationalized description is needed. This paper examines the coupling of digital rationalization and digital fabrication with physical mockups (Rich, 1989). Our aim is to explore complex relationships found in early and mid stage design phases when digital fabrication is used to produce design outcomes. Results of our investigation will aid architects and engineers in addressing the complications found in the translation of design models embedded with precision to constructible geometries. We present an algorithmically based approach to design rationalization that supports physical production as well as surface production of desktop models. Our approach is an alternative to conventional rapid prototyping that builds objects by assembly of laterally sliced contours from a solid model. We explored an improved product description for rapid manufacture as bilateral contouring for structure and panelling for strength (Kolarevic, 2003). Infrastructure typically found within aerospace, automotive, and shipbuilding industries, bilateral contouring is an organized matrix of horizontal and vertical interlocking ribs evenly distributed along a surface. These structures are monocoque and semi-monocoque assemblies composed of structural ribs and skinning attached by rivets and adhesives. Alternative, bi-lateral contouring discussed is an interlocking matrix of plywood strips having integral joinery for assembly. Unlike traditional methods of building representations through malleable materials for creating tangible objects (Friedman, 2002), this approach constructs with the implication for building life-size solutions. Three algorithms are presented as examples of rationalized design production with physical results. The first algorithm [Figure 1] deconstructs an initial 2D curved form into ribbed slices to be assembled through integral connections constructed as part of the rib solution. The second algorithm [Figure 2] deconstructs curved forms of greater complexity. The algorithm walks along the surface extracting surface information along horizontal and vertical axes saving surface information resulting in a ribbed structure of slight double curvature. The final algorithm [Figure 3] is expressed as plug-in software for Rhino that deconstructs a design to components for assembly as rib structures. The plug-in also translates geometries to a flatten position for 2D fabrication. The software demonstrates the full scope of the research exploration. Studies published by Dodgson argued that innovation technology (IvT) (Dodgson, Gann, Salter, 2004) helped in solving projects like the Guggenheim in Bilbao, the leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy, and the Millennium Bridge in London. Similarly, the method discussed in this paper will aid in solving physical production problems with complex building forms. References Bentley, P.J. (Ed.). Evolutionary Design by Computers. Morgan Kaufman Publishers Inc. San Francisco, CA, 1-73 Celani, G, (2004) “From simple to complex: using AutoCAD to build generative design systems” in: L. Caldas and J. Duarte (org.) Implementations issues in generative design systems. First Intl. Conference on Design Computing and Cognition, July 2004 Dodgson M, Gann D.M., Salter A, (2004), “Impact of Innovation Technology on Engineering Problem Solving: Lessons from High Profile Public Projects,” Industrial Dynamics, Innovation and Development, 2004 Dristas, (2004) “Design Operators.” Thesis. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2004 Friedman, M, (2002), Gehry Talks: Architecture + Practice, Universe Publishing, New York, NY, 2002 Kolarevic, B, (2003), Architecture in the Digital Age: Design and Manufacturing, Spon Press, London, UK, 2003 Opas J, Bochnick H, Tuomi J, (1994), “Manufacturability Analysis as a Part of CAD/CAM Integration”, Intelligent Systems in Design and Manufacturing, 261-292 Rudolph S, Alber R, (2002), “An Evolutionary Approach to the Inverse Problem in Rule-Based Design Representations”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 329-350 Rich M, (1989), Digital Mockup, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Reston, VA, 1989 Schön, D., The Reflective Practitioner: How Professional Think in Action. Basic Books. 1983 Shelden, D, (2003), “Digital Surface Representation and the Constructability of Gehry’s Architecture.” Diss. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2003 Smithers T, Conkie A, Doheny J, Logan B, Millington K, (1989), “Design as Intelligent Behaviour: An AI in Design Thesis Programme”, Artificial Intelligence in Design, 293-334 Smithers T, (2002), “Synthesis in Designing”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 3-24 Stiny, G, (1977), “Ice-ray: a note on the generation of Chinese lattice designs” Environmental and Planning B, volume 4, pp. 89-98
keywords	Digital fabrication; bilateral contouring; integral connection; complex-curve
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	heyhlighenijdc2003
id	HeyhlighenIJDC2003
authors	Heylighen, Ann and Segers, Nicole
year	2003
title	Look Who's Suggesting
source	International Journal of Design Computing, 2003, Volume 6
summary	During design architects do not only sketch, they combine different kinds of information and representations. The combination of text, image, sketch and/or draft can provoke new associations that keep the design process going. The sketchbook presented here enables architects to use all representations simultaneously, so as to fully exploit their cross-fertilisation. More importantly, it steadily makes suggestions for continuing development of design ideas. These suggestions can take the form of words that are semantically related to the users’ ideas, or of images showing how other architects have developed related ideas into built artefacts. To this end, the sketchbook captures all information the architect/user puts ‘on paper’ and forwards it to a design idea recorder/interpreter called Idea Space System (ISS). In trying to understand the user’s ideas, ISS places all elements captured into a gigantic network, as if part of the frame of reference is made explicit. In the network nodes are words, sketches or images, while links represent relations of various origins. The semantic relations that ISS identifies are shown to the user. At the same time, words are processed as search criteria in DYNAMO, a growing architectural case base, to detect and display design projects that exemplify related ideas. Through the explicit links between early ideas and concrete design cases, the sketchbook acts as a permanent source of inspiration, while stimulating both architects’ creativity and their awareness of the downstream implications of design ideas.
series	journal paper
email
more	http://www.arch.usyd.edu.au/kcdc/journal/vol6/
last changed	2004/03/25 17:51

_id	fb56
id	fb56
authors	Kvan, Thomas; Thilakaratne, Ruffina
year	2003
title	MODELS IN THE DESIGN CONVERSATION: ARCHITECTURE VS ENGINEERING, DESIGN + RESEARCH: PROJECT BASED RESEARCH IN ARCHITECTURE
source	Editors: Clare Newton, Sandra Kaji-O'Grady and Simon Wollan ISSN: 1449 1737, Association of Architecture Schools of Australasia, 2003 Melbourne, Australia
summary	Models are used in architectural design for several purposes. Early in a design cycle, sketch or study models will be created to examine particular aspects of a design idea. Such models are often assembled rapidly and crudely for it is the immediacy of the feedback that is sought. At later stages in a design cycle, more carefully assembled detailed models may be created to present ideas to colleagues, clients or decision-making bodies. Extending Schön’s observation that drawing is a process of conversation, we observe that models also participate in conversations. The introduction of digital media changes the nature of the conversation. This research revisits the role of models in the design conversation. It has been noted that models can be classified in two roles: ‘models of’ and ‘models for’. In architecture, we extend this by adding ‘models with’ as we employ three and two dimensional representations in the conversations of design. This paper presents experiences with students in the use of Rapid Prototyping technologies and manually made physical models in design tasks.
keywords	Rapid prototyping; models
series	other
type	normal paper
email
more	http://www.arbld.unimelb.edu.au/events/conferences/aasa/papers
last changed	2004/09/24 14:36

_id	a54a
id	a54a
authors	M Kavakli and JS Gero
year	2003
title	DIFFERENCE BETWEEN EXPERT AND NOVICE DESIGNERS: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUD
source	Human Behaviour in Design, edited by U Lindemann, Springer, Berlin, pp 42-51.
summary	This chapter investigates the differences in performance between an expert and a novice in terms of their respective strategic knowledge. We examined conceptual design protocols of an expert and a novice, and found that the expert’s cognitive activity and productivity in the design process were almost three times as high as the novice's. The possible reason for this is the difference in their strategic knowledge. The expert’s cognitive processing is structured such that it stays within the limits of human short term memory. This provides empirical evidence for a different strategic knowledge that may be developed with experience. The expert's strategic knowledge allows him to use a smaller number of processes and to form different groupings of processes.
keywords	design cognition, strategic knowledge, experts, novices
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2004/04/10 01:43

_id	ecaade03_337_95_mark
id	ecaade03_337_95_mark
authors	Mark, Earl
year	2003
title	Programming Architectural Geometry and CNC: Advancing A Design Paradigm with Mathematical Abstraction
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.337
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 337-342
summary	Direct computer programming of architectural geometry and of CNC tool pathways can control the fabrication of form and the related treatment of material. When the entire form creation and tool path process is taken on as a design problem, there is potentially a closer link between formal design intentions and their physical realization. This paper describes several case studies that engage computer programming as a first stage in an iterative design process coupled with more explicit control over CNC tool paths. It indirectly critiques the design exploration of geometry where there is only user command control over a CAD system and where the specification of CNC pathways is also less explicit. Examples of different strategies are compared in the same educational context.
keywords	CNC, geometrical modeling, design, computer programming
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.people.virginia.edu/~ejm9k
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	acadia03_031
id	acadia03_031
authors	Paolo Fiamma
year	2003
title	Architectural Design and Digital Paradigm: from Renaissance Models to Digital Architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.247
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, pp. 247-253
summary	Means of expression have always affected our ways of thinking. Designers, who have to interpret signs, languages, and evolution in order to translate into an organised “form” the recurring problems and values of mankind, have left thoughts, projects and wishes to the study of representational techniques. In this way, they have also disclosed a unique view of reality and at the same time a “way of being” towards the meaning of design itself. In the relationship between architecture and representational techniques, Brunelleschi said that “perspicere” was no longer just the science of optics, but also the science that contained the lines of research on geometry and shape that he was the first to exploit in design. Centuries later, in the axonometric representation advocated by De Stijl and intended for factories and industries, the object, shown in all its parts, easy to reconstruct even in the space to which it referred, revealed with extreme clarity the mass-production building and assembly materials and systems. Digital representational media make a great entrance in the heuristic process, invalidate all signs, and promote its quality. The result is an ever-changing, computerised architecture, dominated by curvilinear, wavy shapes that flow from a generative process made of the deformations, additions, and interference of different volumes.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	cf2011_p163
id	cf2011_p163
authors	Park, Hyoung-June
year	2011
title	Mass-Customization in the Design of 4,000 Bus Stops
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 265-278.
summary	In Hawaii, ‚"TheBus‚" has been a main transportation system since 1971. Considering the high cost of living in Hawaii and the absence of a rail system, the use of ‚"TheBus‚" has been an instrumental vein of the city life in Honolulu with rhythmical pauses at about 4,000 bus stops in Honolulu. However, existing undifferentiated bus stops are developed from a cost effective mass production system so that they have been problematic for satisfying specific needs from various site conditions. In this research, an integrated computational method of mass-customization for designing 4,000 bus stops is introduced. According to various site conditions, the design of each bus stop is customized. Unlike the mass‚Äêproduced bus stops commonly seen in cities today, the proposed computational method in this paper produces bus stop design outcomes that fit into the physical characteristics of the location in which they are installed. Mass-customization allows for the creation and production of unique or similar buildings and building components, differentiated through digitally‚Äêcontrolled variation (Kolarevic, 2003). The employment of a computational mass‚Äêcustomization in architectural design extends the boundary of design solutions to the satisfaction of multi-objective requirements and unlimited freedom to search alternative solutions (Duarte, 2001; Caldas, 2006). The computational method developed in this paper consists of 1) definition of a prototype, 2) parametric variation, 3) manual deformation, and 4) simulation based deformation. The definition of a prototype is the development of a basic design to be transformed for satisfying various conditions given from a site. In this paper, the bus stop prototype is developed from the analysis of more than 300 bus stops and the categorization of the existing bus stops according to their physical conditions, contextual conditions, climatic conditions, and existing amenities. Based upon the outcome of the analysis, the design variables of a bus stop prototype are defined. Those design variables then guide the basic physical parameters for changing the physical configuration of the prototype according to a given site. From this, many possible design outcomes are generated as instances for further developments. The process of manual deformation is where the designer employs its intuition to develop the selected parametric variation. The designer is compelled to think about the possible implication derived from formal variation. This optional process allows every design decision to have a creative solution from an individual designer with an incidental quality in aesthetics, but substantiated functional quality. Finally the deformation of the selection is guided and controlled by the influence of sun direction/ exposure to the selection. The simulation based deformation starts with the movement of the sun as the trigger for generating the variations of the bus stop prototype. The implementation of the computational method was made within the combination of MEL (Maya Enbedded Language), autodesk MAYA and Ecotect environment.
keywords	mass-customization, parametric variation, simulation based deformation
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	sigradi2003_095
id	sigradi2003_095
authors	Petric, Jelena and Maver, Tom
year	2003
title	Digital Prototyping in the Architectural Design Studio
source	SIGraDi 2003 - [Proceedings of the 7th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Rosario Argentina 5-7 november 2003
summary	This paper describes the inter-related use of three digital prototyping technologies by undergraduate students in the Department of Architecture and Building Science at the University of Strathclyde. These are: virtual reality computer graphics (CG), rapid manufacture (RM) of physical scale models from digital data, and acquisition of digital data relating to the shape of a physical object by some form of laser scanning (LS). The paper describes two experiments - one relating to housing, the other to a transport museum - to determine how seamlessly, accurately and usefully the (student) architect can move from one technology to another in the course of design.
keywords	Computer graphics, rapid manufacture, laser scanning
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:57

_id	acadia05_254
id	acadia05_254
authors	Sheil, Bob and Leung, Chris
year	2005
title	‘Kielder Probes’ – bespoke tools for an indeterminate design process
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2005.254
source	Smart Architecture: Integration of Digital and Building Technologies [Proceedings of the 2005 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 0-9772832-0-8] Savannah (Georgia) 13-16 October 2005, pp. 254-259
summary	Sixteen (makers) are a group of practicing architects, academics, designers and makers who assemble when key questions surrounding design, fabrication, use and adaptability in architecture emerge. Initially, the group was formed out of a motivation to engage as designers with the physical and tactile aspects of production without a dependency upon drawing. Now, in the post digital age, the age of digital fabrication, boundaries between drawing and making, between the designer and the maker, have dissolved. Consequently sixteen(makers) work is now engaged with questions of knowledge transfer, expertise, and innovation where modes of investigation are equally embedded within in the analogue and the digital world. This article relates to our latest ongoing work which is due for completion in 2005/06. The work has been developed as a specific response to the award of an architectural residency by the Art and Architecture Partnership at Kielder Park, Northumbria, England. From the outset, it has not been a requirement of the residency that an outcome is identified early on. In fact, as I write, the outcome remains open. Presented with an extraordinary site and coinciding with a time of rapid change the work has begun by exploring a design process that is adaptable, indeterminate, and informed by site conditions. In October 2003, sixteen(makers) were awarded an architecture residency by The Art and Architecture Programme at Kielder (AAPK) of Northumbria, UK. This organization is well known for commissioning works such as the ‘Belvedere’ by Softroom and the ‘Skyspace’ by James Turrell. Coordinated by Peter Sharp, AAPK consists of a number of large public bodies, including The Forestry Commission, Northumbrian Water and Tyndale District Council. Together they manage a land area of 62,000 ha’s centred on the UK’s largest reservoir and surrounded on all sides by one of Europe’s largest managed forests.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaade03_347_163_shih
id	ecaade03_347_163_shih
authors	Shih, Naai-Jung
year	2003
title	The Application of Color-image-mapped Rapid Prototyping in Architectural 3D Modeling
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.347
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 347-350
summary	The purpose of this study is to present an application of an RP machine in the substantiation of architectural design concepts, using color image mapping to enhance visual details. Related visualization leads to the exploration and comprehension of shapes. Exemplification can be seen in the verification for proofing or documentation of as-built models, such as paper architecture, process modeling, furniture, partitions, and construction details. The influences on architecture reveal issues related to pedagogical exploration, interdisciplinary exploration, reality management, and visual detail and structural detail.
keywords	rapid prototyping; 3D printer; 3D modeling
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

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