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CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	acadia03_011
id	acadia03_011
authors	d’Estrée Sterk, Tristan
year	2003
title	Using Actuated Tensegrity Structures to Produce a Responsive Architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.085
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, pp. 85-93
summary	The major theoretical roots of responsive architecture lie within the work of Nicholas Negroponte, and its most inspiring realization, to date, is found in the work of dECOi Architects. The work of NOX, and Diller & Scofidio provide two other built examples of responsive architectures. Each of these works is impressive within its own right. However, all of them have their shortcomings, suggesting that several possibilities for alternative visions still exist. While Negroponte’s work identifies the characteristics of a responsive architecture, it does not propose a model that is suitable for implementation. On the other hand, the work of dECOi architects does not address the technical needs of a building envelope designed for real world conditions of weather and structural load. Diller & Scofidio’s work, also does not have a functional envelope, and NOX’s work lacks physical responsiveness, favoring a palate of virtual responses instead.This paper, after examining the four specific precedents of Negroponte, dECOi, Diller & Scofidio, and NOX, will examine how a fifth precedent—that of Buckminster Fuller’s model of tensegrity structures—may be applied. The paper will propose that by actuating a tensegrity structure a responsive architectural envelope that addresses real world weather and structural loading conditions becomes feasible.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
more	admin
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	caadria2003_b1-2
id	caadria2003_b1-2
authors	Chakraborty, Somen
year	2003
title	Automated Generation of Residential Roomlayout within a Constrained Covered Area
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2003.085
source	CAADRIA 2003 [Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 974-9584-13-9] Bangkok Thailand 18-20 October 2003, pp. 85-100
summary	A significant quantum of all buildings constructed in modern times is designed for residential purpose. A tremendous amount of money is being spent every year for construction of residential buildings. Therefore, optimization of design becomes very important. In a country like India most people in urban area live in houses having constrained area. A significant part of residential units comes under mass housing either as high-rise building blocks or as plotted developments. In any of such schemes there are large number of housing units for a group of families of whom general characteristics are known but characteristics of individual families are not known at the time of designing. This situation is, however, suitable for scientific investigation and analysis based on statistical surveys. Broadly speaking, this paper suggests approach to deal with this situation of finding optimum layout of rooms of a housing unit for any target group of families when the covered area is so constrained that freedom of using different criteria like aesthetics, structural systems, materials and methods of construction in varieties of ways is drastically reduced. In such constrained area for housing units rooms are generally found rectangular within overall rectangular outline of each unit. Method shown here is valid under this restriction. It is also assumed that number of rooms will be restricted to such number that exhaustive search for design is practically possible within a reasonable time with present day capabilities of normally available PCs.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	sigradi2006_e028c
id	sigradi2006_e028c
authors	Griffith, Kenfield; Sass, Larry and Michaud, Dennis
year	2006
title	A strategy for complex-curved building design:Design structure with Bi-lateral contouring as integrally connected ribs
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 465-469
summary	Shapes in designs created by architects such as Gehry Partners (Shelden, 2002), Foster and Partners, and Kohn Peterson and Fox rely on computational processes for rationalizing complex geometry for building construction. Rationalization is the reduction of a complete geometric shape into discrete components. Unfortunately, for many architects the rationalization is limited reducing solid models to surfaces or data on spread sheets for contractors to follow. Rationalized models produced by the firms listed above do not offer strategies for construction or digital fabrication. For the physical production of CAD description an alternative to the rationalized description is needed. This paper examines the coupling of digital rationalization and digital fabrication with physical mockups (Rich, 1989). Our aim is to explore complex relationships found in early and mid stage design phases when digital fabrication is used to produce design outcomes. Results of our investigation will aid architects and engineers in addressing the complications found in the translation of design models embedded with precision to constructible geometries. We present an algorithmically based approach to design rationalization that supports physical production as well as surface production of desktop models. Our approach is an alternative to conventional rapid prototyping that builds objects by assembly of laterally sliced contours from a solid model. We explored an improved product description for rapid manufacture as bilateral contouring for structure and panelling for strength (Kolarevic, 2003). Infrastructure typically found within aerospace, automotive, and shipbuilding industries, bilateral contouring is an organized matrix of horizontal and vertical interlocking ribs evenly distributed along a surface. These structures are monocoque and semi-monocoque assemblies composed of structural ribs and skinning attached by rivets and adhesives. Alternative, bi-lateral contouring discussed is an interlocking matrix of plywood strips having integral joinery for assembly. Unlike traditional methods of building representations through malleable materials for creating tangible objects (Friedman, 2002), this approach constructs with the implication for building life-size solutions. Three algorithms are presented as examples of rationalized design production with physical results. The first algorithm [Figure 1] deconstructs an initial 2D curved form into ribbed slices to be assembled through integral connections constructed as part of the rib solution. The second algorithm [Figure 2] deconstructs curved forms of greater complexity. The algorithm walks along the surface extracting surface information along horizontal and vertical axes saving surface information resulting in a ribbed structure of slight double curvature. The final algorithm [Figure 3] is expressed as plug-in software for Rhino that deconstructs a design to components for assembly as rib structures. The plug-in also translates geometries to a flatten position for 2D fabrication. The software demonstrates the full scope of the research exploration. Studies published by Dodgson argued that innovation technology (IvT) (Dodgson, Gann, Salter, 2004) helped in solving projects like the Guggenheim in Bilbao, the leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy, and the Millennium Bridge in London. Similarly, the method discussed in this paper will aid in solving physical production problems with complex building forms. References Bentley, P.J. (Ed.). Evolutionary Design by Computers. Morgan Kaufman Publishers Inc. San Francisco, CA, 1-73 Celani, G, (2004) “From simple to complex: using AutoCAD to build generative design systems” in: L. Caldas and J. Duarte (org.) Implementations issues in generative design systems. First Intl. Conference on Design Computing and Cognition, July 2004 Dodgson M, Gann D.M., Salter A, (2004), “Impact of Innovation Technology on Engineering Problem Solving: Lessons from High Profile Public Projects,” Industrial Dynamics, Innovation and Development, 2004 Dristas, (2004) “Design Operators.” Thesis. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2004 Friedman, M, (2002), Gehry Talks: Architecture + Practice, Universe Publishing, New York, NY, 2002 Kolarevic, B, (2003), Architecture in the Digital Age: Design and Manufacturing, Spon Press, London, UK, 2003 Opas J, Bochnick H, Tuomi J, (1994), “Manufacturability Analysis as a Part of CAD/CAM Integration”, Intelligent Systems in Design and Manufacturing, 261-292 Rudolph S, Alber R, (2002), “An Evolutionary Approach to the Inverse Problem in Rule-Based Design Representations”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 329-350 Rich M, (1989), Digital Mockup, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Reston, VA, 1989 Schön, D., The Reflective Practitioner: How Professional Think in Action. Basic Books. 1983 Shelden, D, (2003), “Digital Surface Representation and the Constructability of Gehry’s Architecture.” Diss. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2003 Smithers T, Conkie A, Doheny J, Logan B, Millington K, (1989), “Design as Intelligent Behaviour: An AI in Design Thesis Programme”, Artificial Intelligence in Design, 293-334 Smithers T, (2002), “Synthesis in Designing”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 3-24 Stiny, G, (1977), “Ice-ray: a note on the generation of Chinese lattice designs” Environmental and Planning B, volume 4, pp. 89-98
keywords	Digital fabrication; bilateral contouring; integral connection; complex-curve
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	acadia03_045
id	acadia03_045
authors	Hoon, Michael and Kehoe, Michael
year	2003
title	Enhancing Architectural Communication with Gaming Engines
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.349
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, pp. 349-355
summary	This paper makes a case for exploring the feasibility of utilizing the advanced graphics and sound systems of contemporary gaming engines to promote architecturally relevant work. Gaming engines, while developed largely for the PC entertainment industry, have vast potential for application in architecture. This paper will explore the depth of this potential and will outline work demonstrating the advantages and the limitations of this technology. The supporting research and observations examine the technology and reveal its potential usefulness as an instructional or depictive authoring tool. Game engines were selected that had appropriate graphical prowess, but were customizable as to allow the removal of game-specific features (to create a “professional” user interface). Projects were authored that expressed complex building details using the engine for visual depiction. The details, which included constructional components, structural assemblies, or simple design nuances, were modeled with 3D geometry and realistically textured and lighted. The game engine allowed one user or many remote simultaneous users in the virtual environment to interactively explore the presentation in real time. Scripts were developed to encourage end-users to interactively disassemble or reassemble building components as desired. Audile and/or text-based information regarding the assembly sequence were provided by exploiting the game interface features. Furthermore, interactive object scaling was provided to facilitate analysis of component relationships.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	1404
id	1404
authors	Hosny, Samir Sadek
year	2003
title	BUIL-D-EX; A Knowledge-Based Expert System for the Diagnosis of Buildings Cracks
source	Scientific Bulletin, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Vol. 38, No. 2, June 2003 - pp. 297-310
summary	Expert systems are computer systems developed to preserve the human expertise about specific domains in a well-structured form suitable for retrieval and manipulation by computers. They have been used in many fields of applications and proved to be beneficial. This paper addresses the role of Knowledge-based expert systems in building construction; particularly in the diagnostics and assessment of buildings' cracks. The paper presents BUIL-D-EX; a prototype for a Buildings’ Diagnostics Expert system intended to assist architects, structural engineers, contractors and even building owners in identifying and suggesting remedies to concrete and masonry surfaces' defects. The system identifies the kind of crack, states its most probable causes and its degree of danger, suggests a technical remedy and finally suggests several commercial names for materials to be used for curing the defect, and how to apply them. BUIL-D-EX offers complete explanations for all its questions to the users, as well as justifications for all its decisions and answers whenever needed.
keywords	Expert Systems, Diagnosis, Building Construction, Building Cracks, Backward chaining, Inference, Reasoning
series	journal paper
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2009/09/12 17:18

_id	ecaade03_553_149_shea
id	ecaade03_553_149_shea
authors	Shea, K., Aish, R. and Gourtovaia, M.
year	2003
title	Towards Integrated Performance-Based Generative Design Tools
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.553
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 553-560
summary	Generative design methods are capable of generating concepts and stimulating solutions based on robust and rigorous models of design conditions, design languages and design performance. The computer now becomes a design generator in addition to its more conventional role as draftsperson, visualizor, data checker and performance analyst. Motivated by the challenge to enable designers to easily develop meaningful input models of design intent to make best use of a structural generative method, this paper describes an initial combination of a generative design tool, eifForm, and an associative modeling system, Custom Objects, through the use of XML models. The current combined use is illustrated through an example involving generation of a set of 20 interrelated roof trusses with seven unique spans initiated by a parametric model of a saddle shaped stadium roof in Custom Objects. The paper concludes with a discussion of the synergies between associative modeling and generative systems and identifies future extensions aimed to exploit these synergies towards integrated performance-based generative design tools.
keywords	Generative design, parametric/associative geometry, advanced CAD tools,performance-based design, computational design
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www-edc.eng.cam.ac.uk/designsynthesis
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	acadia03_002
id	acadia03_002
authors	Anders, Peter
year	2003
title	Four Degrees Of Freedom
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.x.s7a
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, p. 17
summary	Letting go is hard to do. Remember back to when, after months of trying, you let go of the handlebars of your bicycle and sailed down the street, effortless and assured. It was a freedom born of mastery, balance and technique. You had let go, but were in control. Technique extends to other devices as well and we are here to discuss architectural computation. Here too, as we will see, mastery is shown by letting go. These papers explore new degrees of freedom in design computation. Each is on a separate aspect of architecture, whether it be aesthetics, process, or structure. Two papers inquire into the entities of design and the processes by which they are manifested. They pose important questions. If we can affect the course of design going forward, are we free to change its past? By defining the characteristics of objects at the outset, are we through automation free to choose from a refined spectrum of outcomes? From the evidence of these papers, the answer to both questions is yes. Through the agency of parametric design we can affect the future and past of architectural processes and their products. Rather than being locked into rigid, linear decisions we are temporally free to choose, tweak and modify. Choice and chance play an important role in aesthetics as well. This has become emblematic of design trends as we have seen in recent years. One of our papers addresses the indeterminacy of particle systems in the design of a monument to the victims of 9/11. By letting go of the handlebars of the computer, the author has been freed to new, poetic forms and processes. Another paper opens urban design to its client community by use of a sophisticated web site. In the tradition of populist innovators like Charles Moore and Lucien Kroll, the authors have extended the design process beyond the office walls to the city itself. The designers, by loosening their grip on the project have made the effort democratic and participatory. Intriguingly, at the end of the paper, they note that this use of cyberspace opens the door to a non-physical architecture. Could architecture, then, let go its materialist biases as well? We hope to engage this and other questions shortly.We are pleased then, to share with you these insights and projects. Wassim and I hope that these presentations will be as liberating for you as they were for us.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	ecaade03_561_150_martens
id	ecaade03_561_150_martens
authors	Martens, Yuri and Koutamanis, Alexander
year	2003
title	Realestate online information systems
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.561
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 561-567
summary	Several commercial real-estate sites provide listings of available commercial property on the Internet. These listings are generated on the basis of selection criteria as floor area, price and location. Despite the obvious utility of the listings and their promise for the transaction process and market transparency, one third of commercial realestate listing sites went bankrupt in 2001 and 2002. To provide an explanation for the failure, 63 commercial real-estate sites were analysed and classified into three basic business models: the Research / Information model, the Marketing model and the Transaction model. A common success factor for all models is the functionality of the site, especially interaction between the user and the available information. The paper proposes that the transfer of existing architectural representations, information-processing instruments and decision-taking tools is an essential component of future development towards integrated services that accompany a building throughout its lifecycle. This transfer amounts to (1) the addition of building and contextual information from standard documentation and online information services, (2) the derivation and coherent description of programmatic requirements database, and (3) advanced user interaction with building information.
keywords	e-commerce, human-computer interaction, building information systems,web-based communication
series	eCAADe
email
more	http://www.re-h.nl
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	acadia03_040
id	acadia03_040
authors	Katherine A. Liapi, Katherine A. and Kim, Jinman
year	2003
title	A Parametric Approach to the Design of a Tensegrity Vaulted Dome for an Ephemeral Structure for the 2004 Olympics
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.301
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, pp. 301-309
summary	Tensegrity, defined as “tensional integrity,” is central to the design of a semi-open exhibition space that was submitted as an entry to the international competition for the design of “Ephemeral Structures for the City of Athens,” in the context of the 2004 Olympic Games. The main feature of the proposed exhibition space is a vaulted dome composed of interconnected detachable and deployable tensegrity units. The most challenging aspect in the design of the tensegrity vault was the generation of alternative spatial configurations for form exploration and study. For this purpose a mathematical code has been developed that links all the parameters that affect the design of tensegrity vaults. The code also allows for the parametric graphical generation of the vault by displaying geometric information in a 3D environment. This paper discusses the geometric basis of the code and its usefulness in the morphological study of the tensegrity vaulted dome for the proposed ephemeral structure. The mathematical code has been shown to significantly facilitate the study of various preliminary configurations of tensegrity vaulted structures.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	sigradi2003_071
id	sigradi2003_071
authors	Arroyo, Julio and Chiarella, Mauro
year	2003
title	Laboratorio proyectual (Design Laboratory)
source	SIGraDi 2003 - [Proceedings of the 7th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Rosario Argentina 5-7 november 2003
summary	The concern about public space, digital graphic and a non-habitual theoretical background are the elements of an on-process research this paper relates to. The premise of the research is the current uncertain experience of both socio-cultural and physical-spatial public space in an Argentinean intermediate city. The focus is a workshop carried out to explore how forms for the public space may be designed when urban conditions are unstable, such the case of vacant areas, lost places or terrain-vague. Digital liquid shapes and post-structural concepts are alternative resources applied to this exploration that assumes the cultural and material complexity of our urban life.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	acadia11_272
id	acadia11_272
authors	Dimcic, Milos; Knippers, Jan
year	2011
title	Free-form Grid Shell Design Based on Genetic Algorithms
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.272
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 272-277
summary	In the 21st century, as free-form design grows in popularity, grid shells are becoming a universal structural solution, enabling the conflation of structure and skin (façade) into one single element (Kolarevic 2003). This paper presents some of the results of a comprehensive research project focused on the automated design and optimization of grid structures over some predefined free form shape, with the goal of generating a stable and statically efficient structure. It shows that by combining design and FEM software in an iterative, Genetic Algorithms-based optimization process, stress and deformation in grid shell structures can be significantly reduced, material can be saved and stability enhanced.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ecaade03_407_19_sterk
id	ecaade03_407_19_sterk
authors	d’Estrée Sterk, Tristan
year	2003
title	Building Upon Negroponte: A Hybridized Model of Control Suitable for Responsive Architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.407
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 407-414
summary	Responsive architecture is commonly defined as a type of architecture that has the ability to alter its form in response to changing conditions. While this description is successful in capturing the gist of the topic, it does not provide us with the more detailed understandings required to build it. The knowledge required to build a truly responsive form of architecture is substantial, an understanding of architecture, robotics, artificial intelligence and structural engineering are all beneficial. The links that are required between each knowledge base to actuate and control the responses of this type of architecture further complicate matters – suggesting potential reasons for the ambivalence of architects towards deeply exploring to the topic or extending it beyond the aesthetic application of an event-based architecture. This paper will build a model of responsive architecture that explains one possible approach to the topic, emphasizing ways to build it and control it in the process.
keywords	Controlling responsive architecture, Controlling networks of response buildings
series	eCAADe
type	normal paper
email
more	admin
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	sigradi2006_e149b
id	sigradi2006_e149b
authors	Kendir, Elif
year	2006
title	Prêt-à-Construire – An Educational Inquiry into Computer Aided Fabrication
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 162-165
summary	This paper aims to show and discuss the relevance of developing necessary strategies for reintegrating the concept of fabrication into the architectural design process. The discussion will be partly based on the outcome of a graduate architectural design studio conducted in Spring semester 2002-2003. The graduate studio was part of a series of exploratory studies conducted on the nature of architectural design process transformed by information technologies. Preceded by studios investigating cognition and representation, this last studio focused on the concept of fabrication. The overarching aim of the studio series was to put CAD and CAM in context both within the actual architectural design process and within architectural education. The last of this series, which will be discussed within the frame of this paper, has specifically focused on CAM and the concept of fabrication in architecture. In accordance with the nature of a design studio, the research was more methodological than technical. The studio derived its main inspiration from the constructional templates used in dressmaking, which can be considered as an initial model for mass customization. In this context, the recladding of Le Corbusier’s Maison Domino was given as the main design problem, along with several methodological constraints. The main constraint was to develop the design idea through constructional drawings instead of representational ones. The students were asked to develop their volumetric ideas through digital 3D CAD models while working out structural solutions on a physical 1/50 model of Maison Domino. There was also a material constraint for the model, where only specified types of non-structural paper could be used. At this stage, origami provided the working model for adding structural strength to sheet materials. The final outcome included the explanation of different surface generation strategies and preliminary design proposals for their subcomponents. The paper will discuss both the utilized methodology and the final outcome along the lines of the issues raised during the studio sessions, some of which could be decisive in the putting into context of CAD – CAM in architectural design process. One such issue is mass customization, that is, the mass production of different specific elements with the help of CAM technologies. Another issue is “open source” design, indicating the possibility of a do-it-yourself architecture, where architecture is coded as information, and its code can be subject to change by different designers. The final key issue is the direct utilization of constructional drawings in the preliminary design phase as opposed to representational ones, which aimed at reminding the designer the final phase of fabrication right from the beginning. Finally, the paper will also point at the problems faced during the conduct of the studio and discuss those in the context of promoting CAM for architectural design and production in countries where there is no actual utilization of these technologies for these purposes yet.
keywords	Education; Fabrication; CAM
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:53

_id	cf2003_m_096
id	cf2003_m_096
authors	KOCATURK, T., VELTKAMP, M. and TUNCER, B.
year	2003
title	Exploration of Interrelationships between Digital Design and Production Processes of Free-form Complex Surfaces in a Web-Based Database
source	Digital Design - Research and Practice [Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 1-4020-1210-1] Tainan (Taiwan) 13–15 October 2003, pp. 445-454
summary	The intention of this paper is to examine the mutual influences of initial architectural, structural and digital manufacturing related decisions on the evolution of free-form structures. A survey on current applications will be presented to lay the foundation for the examination of new production techniques and structural concerns for the computer generated expressive forms. Finally, the paper will describe an interactive web-based database project which aims to establish a grammar on the mutual influences of architectural, structural and production related features of free-forms. Based on the built examples of blob structures, the database serves as a catalogue of possibilities related to form, and facilitate assessment of the impact of the early choices on the free-form building design and development.
keywords	conceptual, free-form, web-based database
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2004/01/15 11:41

_id	caadria2003_b4-1
id	caadria2003_b4-1
authors	Kuo, Chung-Jen
year	2003
title	Spatial Analysis of Chinese Garden Designs with Machine Learning
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2003.541
source	CAADRIA 2003 [Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 974-9584-13-9] Bangkok Thailand 18-20 October 2003, pp. 541-552
summary	This research intends to propose a scheme for analyzing Chinese Garden Design by incorporating spatial theory, data mining, concept of object, and network-like data structure. Design elements of Chinese garden are placed in a network according to the existing gardens according to spatial theory. Collected networks are then divided into pair of elements connected by their relationship and stored in a database. Later, data mining is applied to attain patterns from the node-and-relationship pairs. Meanwhile, the elements of the same level can be classified and data grouping can be done by the implementation itself. Thru this research, we can gain insight upon the spatial information and relationship between elements of Chinese garden designs. The result is a set of more concise and structural descriptions, which reveals the rhythm behind the Chinese garden design and can be a great pedagogical aid.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ec9c
authors	Kvan, Th., Wong, J.T.H. and Vera, A.H.
year	2003
title	THE CONTRIBUTION OF STRUCTURAL ACTIVITIES TO SUCCESSFUL DESIGN
source	International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology , 16:2/3, pp. 122-126
summary	Examining case studies in design teaching and their analysis; we identify the role of structural activities and other solution searching activities in design learning and problem solving. The case studies follow students working on the same problem under two conditions – one group is taught using traditional face-to-face teaching while the other group is additionally supported by a text-based web board. The design activities of two students were followed in each condition through a semester; followed by in-depth interviews at the end of semester. The results show that cases with above average design work involved more structural activities than the mediocre cases. It also showed that design problem dissections are more organized in the better cases. These successful cases engaged in textual expression of their design solutions. Computer tools for design should therefore support multiple representations of design work.
keywords	Structure Activity; Representation; Text; Models; Teaching; Learning
series	journal paper
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2004/09/24 14:39

_id	acadia03_005
id	acadia03_005
authors	Maher, Andrew and Burry, Mark
year	2003
title	The Parametric Bridge: Connecting Digital Design Techniques in Architecture And Engineering
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.039
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, pp. 39-47
summary	New design opportunities that are facilitated by cross-disciplinary collaboration in both practice and research are available through the use of high level design software that simultaneously offers real time access to both analysis and design geometry in shared three-dimensional digital models. Here we present a collaborative research project between architects and structural engineers for the design of a pedestrian bridge, conceived to test current digital design processes in architectural and structural engineering practice with those in research through the use of models of parametrically defined associative geometry. In this project, the digital model’s architectural design geometry was constrained by the bridge’s fabrication methods and linked with its engineering analysis. Iterations of the design geometry were then optimised or ‘solved’ to produce variations according to the design parameters offered up for change. The shift of the professions from the plane to digital space exposes the possibilities of new design techniques with the exchange of design parameters potentially operating as a digital dialogue between the disciplines—a kind of digital version of Antoni Gaudi’s funicular hanging model—a metaphor of the digital space that has been developed for this project.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	acadia03_048
id	acadia03_048
authors	Pahle, Robert and Stein, Friedhelm
year	2003
title	Online Database for Structural Details – DeTra
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.373
source	Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, pp. 373-381
summary	DeTra is a research project that arose from the question: “How is it possible to assist students and professionals in architecture, dealing with structural details?” Our solution is a structural detail database, which assists by presenting example solutions of similar designs. This research was conducted in two overlapping parts. The first part of the research included the definition of a structure and a language to describe structural details—flexible enough to enable complex computer based queries, simple enough to be understandable. Major problems were the inclusion of vague terms, different meanings for the same word, and different words for the same fact. The second part was to create internet-based computer software, which utilizes the developed concepts and allows their evaluation. Thereby the system can be used with different access methods to the same data collection. This approach intends to present both standard detail examples and project-related detail examples. For that reason the structural connections will be presented including all available project data. The information includes texts, sketches, drawings, photos, animations, and the database description. Our implementation handles this content. According to the holistic presentation of the search results a strong tool for evaluation is given to the user.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	sigradi2003_084
id	sigradi2003_084
authors	Saito, Keiko and Barrionuevo, Luis F.
year	2003
title	Imágenes para la Imaginación arquitectónica (Images for the architectural Imagination)
source	SIGraDi 2003 - [Proceedings of the 7th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Rosario Argentina 5-7 november 2003
summary	The great impulse in the development of visual means (multimedia) achieved in the last years, demands from us a review of our basic visual capabilities and the necessity to continue developing a methodology for teaching and learning. The advances in technology have radically changed the forms and the functions of the visual component of expression and communication: the image. The aim of this work is to explore the expressive potential of images manipulating their formal components through digital techniques to interpret and/or to re-interpret into architectural object. For this purpose it is suggested a possible procedure to practice and develop the architectural imagination based on the diversity and structural differentiation of shape, starting from the image.
keywords	Image, representation, architectural imagination, sensors of design
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:59

_id	ecaade03_347_163_shih
id	ecaade03_347_163_shih
authors	Shih, Naai-Jung
year	2003
title	The Application of Color-image-mapped Rapid Prototyping in Architectural 3D Modeling
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.347
source	Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 347-350
summary	The purpose of this study is to present an application of an RP machine in the substantiation of architectural design concepts, using color image mapping to enhance visual details. Related visualization leads to the exploration and comprehension of shapes. Exemplification can be seen in the verification for proofing or documentation of as-built models, such as paper architecture, process modeling, furniture, partitions, and construction details. The influences on architecture reveal issues related to pedagogical exploration, interdisciplinary exploration, reality management, and visual detail and structural detail.
keywords	rapid prototyping; 3D printer; 3D modeling
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

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