CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id sigradi2003_002
id sigradi2003_002
authors Argumedo, Cristina and Paganini, Ana
year 2003
title Diseño Digital. Estudio Exploratorio de caso (Digital Design. Exploratory study of a case)
source SIGraDi 2003 - [Proceedings of the 7th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Rosario Argentina 5-7 november 2003
summary After the passage of the mechanical era to the digital era, the design must respond with increasing complexity of the technique, together with the plurality of expectations. Design education is sustained in conceptual instrumentation; it implies to recognize problematics that surpass the possibilities of an isolated or self-sufficient discipline; transdiscipline becomes essential for the understanding of the subjects.The porpuse is to generate new instruments for perception of space, combined with new visualization technologies. Anyway we must speak of all the design areas. The use of computer science has a specificity applications that are proper to each area. New technologies and the role of the new graphs in the design process, generate a new aesthetic.
series SIGRADI
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id 745f
id 745f
authors Bauni Hamid; Devin Defriza
year 2003
title A Preliminary Model of Community-based Integrated Information System for Urban Spatial Development
source Proceeding of the 3rd China Urban Housing Conference, July 3-5 2003, Center for Housing Innovations, Chinese University of Hong Kong, ISBN 962-8272-26-8, pp. 417-424
summary This paper describes a research on building Integrated Information System for Urban Spatial Development. The objective of the research phase discussed in this paper is to define a prototype of information system that basically facilitates information communication among involved participants in an urban spatial development planning. The system is designed by putting stress on local community. Their spatial perception and the availability of GIS technology in local context become constraints in building the system. Internet becomes the main alternative for information dissemination for this phase. This is also supported by the use of web-based GIS as framework of information system. Through few socialization sessions, the proposed model has indicated a prospected alternative to be seamless communication media among participants. To support an easy-access for local people in using this information system a mechanism of information access has been proposed in the form of local information center.
keywords information system, digital model, urban development, community, participation
series other
type paper session
email
last changed 2007/02/04 06:15

_id sigradi2008_049
id sigradi2008_049
authors Benamy, Turkienicz ; Beck Mateus, Mayer Rosirene
year 2008
title Computing And Manipulation In Design - A Pedagogical Experience Using Symmetry
source SIGraDi 2008 - [Proceedings of the 12th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] La Habana - Cuba 1-5 December 2008
summary The concept of symmetry has been usually restricted to bilateral symmetry, though in an extended sense it refers to any isometric transformation that maintains a certain shape invariant. Groups of operations such as translation, rotation, reflection and combinations of these originate patterns classified by modern mathematics as point groups, friezes and wallpapers (March and Steadman, 1974). This extended notion represents a tool for the recognition and reproduction of patterns, a primal aspect of the perception, comprehension and description of everything that we see. Another aspect of this process is the perception of shapes, primary and emergent. Primary shapes are the ones explicitly represented and emergent shapes are the ones implicit in the others (Gero and Yan, 1994). Some groups of shapes known as Semantic Shapes are especially meaningful in architecture, expressing visual features so as symmetry, rhythm, movement and balance. The extended understanding of the concept of symmetry might improve the development of cognitive abilities concerning the creation, recognition and meaning of forms and shapes, aspects of visual reasoning involved in the design process. This paper discusses the development of a pedagogical experience concerned with the application of the concept of symmetry in the creative generation of forms using computational tools and manipulation. The experience has been carried out since 1995 with 3rd year architectural design students. For the exploration of compositions based on symmetry operations with computational support we followed a method developed by Celani (2003) comprising the automatic generation and update of symmetry patterns using AutoCAD. The exercises with computational support were combined with other different exercises in each semester. The first approach combined the creation of two-dimensional patterns to their application and to their modeling into three-dimensions. The second approach combined the work with computational support with work with physical models and mirrors and the analysis of the created patterns. And the third approach combined the computational tasks with work with two-dimensional physical shapes and mirrors. The student’s work was analyzed under aspects such as Discretion/ Continuity –the creation of isolated groups of shapes or continuous overlapped patterns; Generation of Meta-Shapes –the emergence of new shapes from the geometrical relation between the generative shape and the structure of the symmetrical arrangement; Modes of Representation –the visual aspects of the generative shape such as color and shading; Visual Reasoning –the derivation of 3D compositions from 2D patterns by their progressive analysis and recognition; Conscious Interaction –the simultaneous creation and analysis of symmetry compositions, whether with computational support or with physical shapes and mirrors. The combined work with computational support and with physical models and mirrors enhanced the students understanding on the extended concept of symmetry. The conscious creation and analysis of the patterns also stimulated the student’s understanding over the different semantic possibilities involved in the exploration of forms and shapes in two or three dimensions. The method allowed the development of both syntactic and semantic aspects of visual reasoning, enhancing the students’ visual repertoire. This constitutes an important strategy in the building of the cognitive abilities used in the architectural design process.
keywords Symmetry, Cognition, Computing, Visual reasoning, Design teaching
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id sigradi2022_19
id sigradi2022_19
authors Crossley, Tatjana
year 2022
title Appropriations and Extensions of Cultural Spaces in VR and the Metaverse
source Herrera, PC, Dreifuss-Serrano, C, Gómez, P, Arris-Calderon, LF, Critical Appropriations - Proceedings of the XXVI Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2022), Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, 7-11 November 2022 , pp. 727–738
summary Digital virtual reality (VR) and the metaverse provide opportunities for the creation of cultural extensions that define our contemporary society. This has been the practice for millennia – using different technologies and media; humans have always attempted to convey experience through representational forms. The paper puts forward an initial theoretical examination of metaverse using theories on perception and subjectivity in psychology and philosophy and the implications of these in architecture and space creation, both physical and digital. It considers historical VR spaces to better understand the influence of culture and applies this to the contemporary social VR spheres. Though they offer novel opportunities, digital virtual realities and immersive spaces of today are no different than the lineage of spaces and representations that strove to do this throughout history (Grau, 2003). Using different mediums, they each provide an extension of culture that reflects society and becomes a record of their times and ideals.
keywords Virtual Reality, Metaverse, Digital Heritage, Mixed Realities, Identity and Subjectivity
series SIGraDi
email
last changed 2023/05/16 16:56

_id sigradi2003_116
id sigradi2003_116
authors Daz, Susana
year 2003
title Miríadas de luz (Diversity of light)
source SIGraDi 2003 - [Proceedings of the 7th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Rosario Argentina 5-7 november 2003
summary There is a point, a conjunction of situations: a newly found daub. Finding the shape, the exact spot, going into, imagining the unexplored vastness of something which expands itself...When a daub begins its race and I can see the colors blending, getting saturated or broken. When I see the succession of changes I become part of that space made of light. My eyes are the daub. Neither reasons nor topics inspire the moment. Only the pleasure of finding for a few minutes the magic of perceiving and having, apparently without reason, absolutely aware of our being.
keywords Light, perception, innocence, space, being
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:50

_id sigradi2003_026
id sigradi2003_026
authors Flanagan, Robert
year 2003
title Persistence of Perception: Encoding Reality
source SIGraDi 2003 - [Proceedings of the 7th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Rosario Argentina 5-7 november 2003
summary "Liquid architecture makes liquid cities, cities that change at the shift of value, where visitors with different backgrounds see different landmarks, where neighborhoods vary with ideas held in common, and evolve as the ideas mature or dissolve." In 1991, Marcos Novak in 'Liquid Architectures in Cyberspace' projected a future of individual and blended realities of things perceived and perceived things - a place of "fertile dreams". In the cathedral, "The dream and making were one." In the present he concludes, "Curiously the practice of architecture has become increasingly disengaged from those dreams." This paper addresses inherent limitations in today's digital technology that restrict its ability to participate in the future design of the "fertile dream." It does not address the technology required, but the requirements of the technology.
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:52

_id 43f0
id 43f0
authors Flynn, D., van Schaik, P., Blackman, T., Fencott, P.C., Hobbs, B., & Calderon, C.
year 2003
title DEVELOPING A VIRTUAL REALITY-BASED METHODOLOGY FOR PEOPLE WITH DEMENTIA: A FEASIBILITY STUDY.
source Journal of CyberPsychology and Behavior, Vol6, Number6, 2003.
summary The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of virtual reality (VR) technology for use by persons with dementia (PWD). Data were obtained directly from six PWD regarding their experiences with a virtual environment (VE) of a large outdoor park. A user-centered method was developed to assess: (a) presence; (b) user inputs; (c) display quality; (d) simulation fidelity; and (e) overall system usability. The extent to which PWD could perform four functional activities in the VE was also investigated (e.g., mailing a letter). In addition, physical and psychological well-being of PWD while interacting with the VE was assessed objectively by recording heart rate during the VR sessions and subjectively with discrete questionnaire items and real-time prompts. Symptom profiles associated with simulator sickness were assessed with an adapted version of the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire. The study found that PWD to some extent experienced presence; perceived that objects were realistic and moved naturally; generally felt in control of the interaction; and demonstrated little difficulty using a joystick for navigation. The study also demonstrated that VR is an appropriate medium for assessing functional behavior within the context of an ecologically valid VE. PWD did not experience any significant increase in symptoms associated with simulator sickness, or detriments to their psychological and physical well-being. These findings demonstrated that it is feasible to work in VEs with PWD.
keywords Dementia, VR
series journal paper
type normal paper
email
last changed 2005/12/02 11:36

_id sigradi2003_009
id sigradi2003_009
authors Giordano, R., Falco, C., Pieragostini, P. and Osella, M.
year 2003
title Migración Digital y Transformación Curricular en la Enseñanza del Diseño y del Arte (Digital Migration and Curricular Transformation in the Teaching of Design and Art)
source SIGraDi 2003 - [Proceedings of the 7th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Rosario Argentina 5-7 november 2003
summary The National University of the Litoral UNL, Santa Fe, Argentina, through its policies of Distance Education at the moment has the possibility of approaching novel educative strategies taking advantage of the satellite technology, the telematics networks, the television, the cd-rom, the electronic mail, computer science, elearning, the video, among other resources. This way, they harness and they assure realization of learning and education processes, the development of capacities and competitions, and the update of knowledge to people who do not need to attend an educative centre; what avoids the uprooting and increases the possibilities of access to the world of the work within its own community.
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:52

_id sigradi2003_045
id sigradi2003_045
authors Heidrich, F.E., Santiago, A.G., and Cybis Pereira, A.T.
year 2003
title O Estudo da Paisagem através de Ambiente Cooperativo (The landscape study through a cooperative environment)
source SIGraDi 2003 - [Proceedings of the 7th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Rosario Argentina 5-7 november 2003
summary This paper tries to demonstrate, from a theoretical argumentation, that the city landscape is constantly changing. Due to that, studies and discussions about the future consequences of those changes became necessary. So it's written a study where the LRVChat3D tool was used to create a Cooperative Virtual Environment. It allows, from a virtual environment in VRML, the perception and analysis of a Florianópolis landscape, as well as discussions about the future consequences of the probable changes that happened in this place.
keywords Perception, Landscape, Virtual Environments
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:53

_id heylighen_ds2003
id Heylighen DS2003
authors Heylighen , Ann and Verstijnen, Ilse M.
year 2003
title Close encounters of the architectural kind
source Design Studies, Volume 24, Issue 4, 2003, pp. 313-326
summary Throughout their career architects collect an extensive record of architectural cases, which they use as a source of inspiration and knowledge during design. Being novices, student architects do not yet have such a record. In order to compensate for this lack of knowledge, teachers in architecture engage their students into realistic yet simulated projects and introduce them to relevant architectural precedents for these projects. Within the realm of AI, case-based reasoning (CBR) stresses the importance of cases too. So far, however, applications that flow from CBR research have rarely found their way into architecture. The experiment that is reported in this article examines the conditions under which CBR technology can be useful in architectural education. The results show that in order for students to benefit from this technology, it should supply cases that are closely related to the project at hand. These results are consistent with psychological theories of knowledge representation in novices.
keywords case-based reasoning; design education; analogical reasoning
series journal paper
email
last changed 2004/03/25 17:57

_id ecaade03_153_183_knight
id ecaade03_153_183_knight
authors Knight, M. Brown, A.G.P., Hannibal, C., Noyelle, C. and Steer, O.
year 2003
title Measurement of Presence in Large Scale Virtual Environments
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.153
source Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 153-160
summary It is now widely accepted that a sense of presence in a virtual environment is a crucial part of the success of the ‘experience’. This paper extends the authors previous work in naturalistic interfaces and perception of image to test experimentally the degree to which the type of interface and visual nature of the virtual environment determine the experience of presence or ‘being there’ in a large scale architectural virtual environment. The importance of presence to the success of architectural virtual environments is an important discussion. Should architectural VEs strive to be hyper-real (with all the attendant hardware issues of manipulating large amounts of data in real-time) or does a degree of abstraction in representation still afford an acceptable degree of presence?
keywords Virtual Environments, Presence
series eCAADe
email
more www.liv.ac.uk/abe/caadru
last changed 2022/06/07 07:51

_id sigradi2003_115
id sigradi2003_115
authors Kohan, Florencia
year 2003
title PIXELIDADES (Pixelings)
source SIGraDi 2003 - [Proceedings of the 7th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Rosario Argentina 5-7 november 2003
summary Inside the current esthetics arisen from the digital art, I recognize PXEL ART as a vanguard. Not only because of its craft and methodology (the form to work it, beyond its content) but also because of its sense, which is to claim the most minimum unit from a digital perception. Even though the term 'vanguard' seems to have disappeared in our times, my intention is to differentiate ~Pixelism~ from a simple esthetic position or modern wave.
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:54

_id 2d9f
authors Lalovic, Ksenija and Djukanovic, Zoran
year 2003
title Possibilities of applying the E-government management concept in Serbian cities
source CORP 2003, Vienna University of Technology, 25.2.-28.2.2003 [Proceedings on CD-Rom]
summary Recent urban transformations worldwide consequentially lead to the numerous environmental problems that have to be solved bycomplex structure of social interest groups which have to be included in that process. This demands initiated requisitioning andmodification of concepts and methodologies of planning and managing urban development. At this moment there are differentmodels used in world wide practice, but main bases of new methods and techniques are the same. Leaving the idea of possibility ofconstituting the universal urban planning model lead to very productive results in developing the disciplinary methodologies. Processof transformation of traditional comprehensive urban planning model to integrated procedural pluralistic model (based on sustainabledevelopment principles) is something that can be underlined as a main characteristic of disciplinary development. The questions ofdecision making mechanisms and plans implementation are put in axes of conceptual and methodological considerations. Urbanplanning loses the classic form of making the multi level comprehensive urban plans with exact spatial and time horizon. It means, ingeneral that planning and managing of urban development is aiming to be realistic, decentralized, strategic and problem oriented,arbitrary, not instructive, but understood as a efficient and effective process.Operational support to the this kind of approach are Decision Support IT tools, such as GIS - Geographical Information Systems orES -Expert Systems. Usability of IT tools is based on their capability to perform fast and complicated processing of spatial data andon their flexibility towards specific real problems which are to be solved. In order to use maximum of capabilities of these tools inpractice problem solving it is necessary to adjust their structure and usage to the: - actual conditions of socioeconomic of the contextin which urban development planning and management is performed, - practical demands that managing of urban development has tofore fill, - all participants in urban management process, - institutional mechanisms and procedures.
series other
email
last changed 2003/03/11 20:39

_id 4c01
authors Laranjeira, Teresa
year 2003
title The S. Pedro da Cova Community Knowledge Centre, a local example of empowerment through technology
source CORP 2003, Vienna University of Technology, 25.2.-28.2.2003 [Proceedings on CD-Rom]
summary S. Pedro da Cova (Gondomar), located ten kilometres from the city centre of Porto (Portugal), is considerate a depressed territory, with a large spectrum of social, economic and urban problems, but also with local positive aspects capable to reach the different development opportunities.In the ambit of the regeneration process for this area, the local authority draw a strategy based in the empowerment of the citizens, where the Information Communication Technologies (ICT’s) assumed a major role. With this purpose, it was intended to build a Community Technology Centre for the disfavoured children. From the building construction till the first activities, it is our conviction that to break the differences between the have and the have not’s it will be very important to conciliate the new technologies and the local characteristics. The children will be the active agents in the dissemination of the project through the development of the different activities, sensitising the families to adopt a healthy life and announce situations of risk, for example. To validate the project will be created an permanent observatory that propose a moment of reflection and auto-valuation about the evolution of the different activities, thechanges to do, and the identification of new problems and the redefinition of new methodologies. The aim of the article is not only to show the positive aspects, indeed significant, but also to bring into discussion some questions; in order to understand the possibility of defining an empowerment strategy based in the ICT’s. How to conciliate the individualperspectives of the future into a common objective? How to show to all community that information and knowledge are fundamentalto build a more liveable and equity neighbourhood? How to transfer the results to a larger strategy for the entire city? And, at theend, how to explain that people is the most important "infrastructure" to build a better future?
keywords Social Exclusion; Informal Urban Structure; Empowerment; Spaces of Knowledge
series other
email
last changed 2003/03/11 20:39

_id cf2003_k_003
id cf2003_k_003
authors LIU, Yu-Tung
year 2003
title Digital Architecture: Theory, Media and Design
source Digital Design - Research and Practice [Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 1-4020-1210-1] Tainan (Taiwan) 13–15 October 2003, pp. 9-18
summary Computers, the new digital media, liberate the duality of concepts of space in human civilization. The construction and simulation powers of digital media trigger all kinds of unlimited imagination. The new space of this kind may be called digital space or virtual space. This new space is between mental and physical spaces because it provides designers with not only unlimited imaginality of mental space but also live-inside perception of physical space. A new concept of space of mankind is thus generated.
keywords cognition, computing, digital design media
series CAAD Futures
email
last changed 2003/09/22 12:21

_id sigradi2004_151
id sigradi2004_151
authors María Estela Sánchez Cavazos
year 2004
title La gráfica digital dentro del proceso de diseño caso: Talleres de arquitectura de la u.a.a. [Digital Graphics in the Design Process. Case: the U.A.A. Architectural Studio]
source SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary This work is developing at the moment, tries to find elements that allow arm to a frame of reference for a doctoral thesis that studies the processes of architectonic design and the transformations that this one within the factories of education with the introduction of the digital representation undergoes. It is a study that it initiates in the 2003 with an applied cuasi-experiment to students of the masters in architecture of the Independent University of Nuevo León (Monterrey, México), (work presented/displayed in the forum SIGraDi 2003). Taking into account the results obtained in that one first work it was decided not to take part and to force the student to work with a specific type of tool (digital or traditional), but to leave them chose the work tool freely, observing his photographic process by means of video-recordings, registries and personal interviews with the purpose of explaining because of his processes. The registries were taken in the Factory from semestral Architectonic Design 5°, of the Independent University of Aguascalientes (Mexico).
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:55

_id 6943
id 6943
authors ML Maher, G Smith and JS Gero
year 2003
title DESIGN AGENTS IN 3D VIRTUALWORLDS
source IJCAI03 Workshop on Cognitive Modeling of Agents and Multi-Agent Interaction, R Sun (ed), IJCAI, Acapulco, pp 92-100.
summary Design agents are rational agents that monitor and modify elements of a designed environment. Special characteristics of design agents include the ability to reason about patterns and concepts, and the ability to act autonomously in modifying or changing the design to achieve their own goals. 3D Virtual Worlds are multi-user distributed systems that provide a designed environment and a closed world environment for studying design agents in a multiagent system. We present a model for a design agent reasoning process and a model for constructing a memory of the agent’s knowledge and interaction with a virtual world. The reasoning process includes sensation, perception, conception, hypothesizing, and planning a sequence of actions. Each agent has a constructed memory: a dynamic and changing view of the designed world that is determined by the agents sense data and reasoning. The agents construct and maintain a representation of the relevant objects in the world using a Function- Behavior-Structure formalism in order to reason about the intended and actual functions of the designed objects in the world. We have implemented this agent model by extending the Active Worlds platform so that each object in the 3D world can have agency. We illustrate the model with a door agent and a multi-agent room that reason about the use of the 3D world.
keywords design agents, virtual worlds, FBS framework
type normal paper
email
last changed 2004/04/10 02:47

_id acadia03_065
id acadia03_065
authors Neidhardt, Lisa and Luhan, Gregory A.
year 2003
title The Space of an IDEA: Ideas for Living
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2003.x.i1g
source Connecting >> Crossroads of Digital Discourse [Proceedings of the 2003 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 1-880250-12-8] Indianapolis (Indiana) 24-27 October 2003, p. 437
summary Studio Issue: The space of an idea resides in the connection between thinking and making. The studio explorations reveal the tension between the private experience and the public perception and investigate new methods of architectural assemblage. By uniting thinking/drawing with seeing/making, an effectual palette engenders a new way of looking at the individual and thus narrows the normative boundaries associated with actualizing ideas.
series ACADIA
last changed 2022/06/07 07:49

_id 7655
authors Okeil, Ahmad and El Araby, Mostafa
year 2003
title Realism vs. Reality in Digital Reconstruction of Cities
source CORP 2003, Vienna University of Technology, 25.2.-28.2.2003 [Proceedings on CD-Rom]
summary The digital reconstruction of existing cities using virtual reality techniques is being increasingly used. For consultants, municipalities and planning departments these models provide decision support through visual simulations (El Araby, 2001). For academia they provide a new tool for teaching students urban design and planning (Okeil, 2001). For authorities they provide a tool for promoting the city on the world wide web trying to attract more businesses and tourists to it. The built environment is very rich in detail. It does not only consist of open spaces surrounded by abstract buildings but it also includes many smaller objects such as street furniture, traffic signs, street lights, different types of vegetation and shop signs for example. All surfaces in the built environment have unique properties describing color, texture and opacity. The built environmentis dynamic and our perception is affected by factors such as pedestrian movement, traffic, environmental factors such as wind, noise and shadows. The built environment is also shaped by the accumulation of changes caused by many influences through time. All these factors make the reconstruction of the built environment a very complex task. This paper tries to answer the question: how realistic the reconstructed models of urban areas can be. It sees “Realism“ as a variable floating between three types of realties. The reality of the physical environment which we are trying to represent. The reality of the digital environment which will host the digitally reconstructed city. And the reality of the working environment which deals with the problem of limitation of resources needed to digitally reconstruct the city. A case study of building a 3D computer model of an urban area in the United Arab Emirates demonstrates that new time-saving techniques for data acquisition can enhance realism by meetingbudget limitations and time limitations.
keywords Virtual Reality; Photo Realism; Texture Maps; 3D Modeling; Urban Design
series other
email
last changed 2003/03/11 20:39

_id ecaade03_203_206_paterson
id ecaade03_203_206_paterson
authors Paterson, Inga and Natanson, Louis
year 2003
title Computer Art – The future is bright but what is the future?
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2003.203
source Digital Design [21th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-1-6] Graz (Austria) 17-20 September 2003, pp. 203-208
summary It is a curious characteristic of mankind to both revere and revile the use of technology within art but history proves that when scientific logic marries with artistic reasoning, innovative and original ideas are born. Computer Art can justify a 30-year history but despite its relative maturity, digital art continues to suffer from the age-old perception that art made by machine is not a legitimate art form. This paper looks at the digital-imagery prevalent in the public domain today and compares its stage of development to the historical precedents of perspective, photography and film.
keywords Digital, Art, Technology, 3 Dimensions, Online Games
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:59

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