Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ddss2004_ra-177
id	ddss2004_ra-177
authors	Ballas, D., R. Kingston, and J. Stillwell
year	2004
title	Using a Spatial Microsimulation Decision Support System for Policy Scenario Analysis
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Recent Advances in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN: 1-4020-2408-8, p. 177-191
summary	This paper discusses the potential of a spatial microsimulation-based decision support system for policy analysis. The system can be used to describe current conditions and issues in neighbourhoods, predict future trends in the composition and health of neighbourhoods and conduct modelling and predictive analysis to measure the likely impact of policy interventions at the local level. A large dynamic spatial micro-simulation model is being constructed for the population of Leeds (approximately 715,000 individuals) based on spatial microsimulation techniques in conjunction with a range of data, including 2001 Census data for Output Areas and sample data from the British Household Panel Survey. The project has three main aims as follows: (i) to develop a static microsimulation model to describe current conditions in Leeds; (ii) to enable the performance of ‘What if?’ analysis on a range of policy scenarios; and (iii) to develop a dynamic microsimulation model to predict future conditions in Leeds under different policy scenarios. The paper reports progress in meeting the above aims and outlines the associated difficulties and data issues. One of the significant advantages of the spatial microsimulation approach adopted by this project is that it enables the user to query any combination of variables that is deemed desirable for policy analysis. The paper will illustrate the software tool being developed in the context of this project that is capable of carrying out queries of this type and of mapping their results. The decision support tool is being developed to support policy-makers concerned with urban regeneration and neighbourhood renewal.
keywords	Spatial Microsimulation, Spatial Decision Support Systems, Geotools
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	acadia04_088
id	acadia04_088
authors	Bechthold, Martin
year	2004
title	Digital Design and Fabrication of Surface Structures
source	Fabrication: Examining the Digital Practice of Architecture [Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aidd Design in Architecture and the 2004 Conference of the AIA Technology in Architectural Practice Knowledge Community / ISBN 0-9696665-2-7] Cambridge (Ontario) 8-14 November, 2004, 88-99
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2004.088
summary	This paper presents a study in digital design and manufacturing of shells, which are material-efficient systems that generate their load-bearing capacity through curvature. Their complex shapes are challenging to build, and the few current shell projects employ the same shape repetitively in order to reduce the cost of concrete formwork. Can digital design and manufacturing technology make these systems suitable for the needs of the 21st century? The research developed new digitally-driven fabrication processes for Wood-Foam Sandwich Shells and Ferrocement-Concrete Sandwich Shells. These are partially pre-fabricated in order to allow for the application of Computer-Numerically Controlled (CNC) technology. Sandwich systems offer advantages for the digitally-enabled construction of shells, while at the same time improving their structural and thermal performance. The research defines design and manufacturing processes that reduce the need for repetition in order to save costs. Wood-Foam Sandwich shells are made by laminating wood-strips over a CNC-milled foam mold that eventually becomes the structural sandwich core. For Ferrocement-Concrete sandwich shells, a two-stage process is presented: pre-fabricated ferrocement panels become the permanent formwork for a cast-in-place concrete shell. The design and engineering process is facilitated through the use of parametric solid modeling environments. Modeling macros and integrated Finite-Element Analysis tools streamline the design process. Accuracy in fabrication is maintained by using CNC techniques for the majority of the shaping processes. The digital design and manufacturing parameters for each process are verified through design and fabrication studies that include prototypes, mockups and physical scale models.
keywords	Shell, Pre-Fabrication, Prototype, Custom-Manufacturing, Simulation
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	cf2011_p157
id	cf2011_p157
authors	Boton, Conrad; Kubicki Sylvain, Halin Gilles
year	2011
title	Understanding Pre-Construction Simulation Activities to Adapt Visualization in 4D CAD Collaborative Tools
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 477-492.
summary	Increasing productivity and efficiency is an important issue in the AEC field. This area is mainly characterized by fragmentation, heterogeneous teams with low lifetimes and many uncertainties. 4D CAD is one of the greatest innovations in recent years. It consists in linking a 3D model of the building with the works planning in order to simulate the construction evolution over time. 4D CAD can fill several needs from design to project management through constructivity analysis and tasks planning (Tommelein 2003). The literature shows that several applications have been proposed to improve the 4D CAD use (Chau et al. 2004; Lu et al. 2007; Seok & al. 2009). In addition, studies have shown the real impact of 4D CAD use in construction projects (Staub-French & Khanzode 2007; Dawood & Sika 2007). More recently, Mahalingam et al. (2010) showed that the collaborative use of 4D CAD is particularly useful during the pre-construction phase for comparing the constructability of working methods, for visually identifying conflicts and clashes (overlaps), and as visual tool for practitioners to discuss and to plan project progress. So the advantage of the 4D CAD collaborative use is demonstrated. Moreover, several studies have been conducted both in the scientific community and in the industrial world to improve it (Zhou et al. 2009; Kang et al. 2007). But an important need that remains in collaborative 4D CAD use in construction projects is about the adaptation of visualization to the users business needs. Indeed, construction projects have very specific characteristics (fragmentation, variable team, different roles from one project to another). Moreover, in the AEC field several visualization techniques can represent the same concept and actors choose one or another of these techniques according to their specific needs related to the task they have to perform. For example, the tasks planning may be represented by a Gantt chart or by a PERT network and the building elements can be depicted with a 3D model or a 2D plan. The classical view (3D + Gantt) proposed to all practitioners in the available 4D tools seems therefore not suiting the needs of all. So, our research is based on the hypothesis that adapting the visualization to individual business needs could significantly improve the collaboration. This work relies on previous ones and aim to develop a method 1) to choose the best suited views for performed tasks and 2) to compose adapted multiple views for each actor, that we call ‚Äúbusiness views‚Äù. We propose a 4 steps-method to compose business views. The first step identifies the users‚Äô business needs, defining the individual practices performed by each actor, identifying his business tasks and his information needs. The second step identifies the visualization needs related to the identified business needs. For this purpose, the user‚Äôs interactions and visualization tasks are described. This enables choosing the most appropriate visualization techniques for each need (step 3). At this step, it is important to describe the visualization techniques and to be able to compare them. Therefore, we proposed a business view metamodel. The final step (step 4) selects the adapted views, defines the coordination mechanisms and the interaction principles in order to compose coordinated visualizations. A final step consists in a validation work to ensure that the composed views really match to the described business needs. This paper presents the latest version of the method and especially presents our latest works about its first and second steps. These include making more generic the business tasks description in order to be applicable within most of construction projects and enabling to make correspondence with visualization tasks.
keywords	Pre-construction, Simulation, 4D CAD, Collaboration, Computer Supported Cooperative Work, Human-Computer Interface, Information visualization, Business view, Model driven engineering
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	eaea2003_15-breen
id	eaea2003_15-breen
authors	Breen, J. and Giro, H.
year	2004
title	The DXI Experience. Ten Years of Design Visualization Developments in an Educational Laboratory Context
source	Spatial Simulation and Evaluation - New Tools in Architectural and Urban Design [Proceedings of the 6th European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 80-227-2088-7], pp. 71-77
summary	Design visualisation is an essential aspect of virtually every form of design enquiry. The effects of potential environmental interventions may be simulated in order to gain the types of insights, which cannot be acquired easily from two-dimensional notations. Three-dimensional representations may be generated for very different reasons. The most direct form of design imaging is traditionally for the benefit of the designer him/herself, in order to test whether the working concepts offer fitting solutions to the complex array of design conditions such as context, programme and feasibility. Alternately, images may be generated for the benefit of communication, in order to offer insights into the expected workings of a particular proposal (possibly including alternatives). This may lead to greater understanding and possibly to reaching consensus amongst different ‘actors’ involved in the design and realisation process. In many cases the results of such visualisation studies contribute to ‘bridging the gap’ between the professionals and other parties involved more indirectly in design decision-making or the appraisal of the proposals. Designers can use distinctly different methods when going about such imaging procedures. Their choices for particular techniques may depend on their familiarity or the availability of certain media devices. Being confronted with new modelling and/or visualisation instruments can stimulate the interest in fresh approaches. In this respect, the design education environment can play an important role in not only teaching ‘proven’ applications to future designers, but also in creating a platform for the active development of innovative approaches to the design visualisation practices: education as a ‘laboratory’ for new insights and potentially a ‘breeding ground’ for the extension of the designer’s instrumentation. This contribution documents the experiences gained in some ten years within an educational application, involving active use of design driven media applications. The emphasis lies on the evolvement of techniques for eye-level imaging, whereby use can be made of different types of models: physical scale models as well as digital, virtual models. Changing attitudes towards dynamic and serial vision are considered, whereby storyboard approaches on the level of integral presentation are considered. By analysing a selection of cases and their underlying approaches an indication is given of the changing attitudes and combinations of multimedia techniques, which offer opportunities to design visualisation and communication.
series	EAEA
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

_id	0131
id	0131
authors	Chiarella, Mauro
year	2004
title	GEOMETRY AND ARCHITECTURE: NURBS, DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
source	Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference of Mathematics & Design, Special Edition of the Journal of Mathematics & Design, Volume 4, No.1, pp. 135-139.
summary	Geometry regarded as a tool for understanding is perhaps the part of Mathematics which is the most intuitive, concrete and linked to reality. From its roots as a tool to describe and measure shapes, geometry as ‘the space science’ , has grown towards a theory of ideas and methods by means of which it is possible to build and study idealised models, not only from the physical world but also from the real world. In graphic architecture thought, geometry usually appears as an instrumental support for project speculation. Geometric procedures are presented as representational resources for the graphic testing of reflection and for the exposition of ideas in order to build a logical order as regards representation and formal prefiguration. The fast rise of computing in the last decades has made it possible for architects to work massively and in a graphic and intuitive way with mathematical representations of tridimensional geometry, such as the NURBS . These organic surfaces of free shapes defined by vectorial curves have allowed access to a rapid generation of complex shapes with a minumum amount of data and of specific knowledge. The great development of modelling achieved by the digital media and the limitations in the technical and building areas and in the existence of materials which are coherent with the resultant shapes reveal a considerable distance between the systems of ideation and simulation characteristic of the computing era and the analogous systems of production inherited from the slow industrial development. This distance has been shortened by CAD/CAM systems, which are, however, not very accessible to the architectural field. If we incorporate to the development of these divergent media the limitations which are distinctive of the material resources and procedures of the existent local technology, the aforementioned distance seems even greater. Assuming the metaphor of living at the threshold of two ages (industrial-computing, analogical-digital, material-virtual) and the challenge of the new conceptual and operational tools in our field, we work in the mixture, with no exclusions or substitutions, proposing (by means of the development of informational complements) some alternatives of work to approach the issue under discussion from the Architecture Workshop.
keywords	Geometry, Design, NURBS, Unfolding, Pedagogy
series	other
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2005/04/07 12:51

_id	ddss2004_ra-145
id	ddss2004_ra-145
authors	Devisch, O.T.J., H.J.P. Timmermans, T.A. Arentze, and A.W.J. Borgers
year	2004
title	Towards a Generic MultiAgent Engine for the Simulation of Spatial Behavioural Processes
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Recent Advances in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN: 1-4020-2408-8, p. 145-160
summary	SwarmCity is being developed as a micro-simulation model, simulating the location-choice behaviour of a population of households, retailers, firms, developers, etc. reacting to an urban plan. The focus of SwarmCity lies –in a first phase- on the decision-making procedures of households, conceptualised as a series of three processes: awakening, search and choice. The methodology used to implement these processes makes use of life-time utility and decisionanalysis trees. The final model should work as a scenario-analysis tool, allowing planners, developers, retailers and municipalities to test interventionproposals, to evaluate legislations, to measure the attractiveness of services, to quantify residential mobility, etc. This paper illustrates the state of the art in household location-choice modelling and introduces a first attempt in developing a conceptual framework.
keywords	Micro Simulation, Multi-Agent Systems, Spatial Simulation Models, Scenario Analysis, Heuristic Decision-Making, Location-Choice Behaviour, DecisionAnalysis Trees, Residential Mobility, Lifetime Utility
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	sigradi2004_136
id	sigradi2004_136
authors	Etienne Delacroix
year	2004
title	Studio of art and programming: Reaching out to art and architecture from inside engineering [Studio of art and programming: Reaching out to art and architecture from inside engineering]
source	SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary	Combining aspects of engineering with traditions of studio art we investigate an interface between both worlds: using a substantial acumulation of electrodigital refuse, taken as a .raw expressive medium., an elective course ( TAP: .taller de arte y programacion. . Studio of art and programing. ) takes a large mixed group of students ( engineering, art, architecture, music, etc..) with very different levels of skills, for a sustained immersion into an exploration context. Eliminating in a large measure the problem of .costs. by using obsolete, discarded computer parts, students manipulate, observe, deconstruct, reconstruct functional hardware and use programming to produce an expressive documentation of the process. The objective is not to work on .products. but on the production of .symbolic value. by uncovering and staging the fundamentals of electro-digital-computational knowledge into a form of .theater of technology..
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:51

_id	acadia08_072
id	acadia08_072
authors	Frumar, Jerome
year	2008
title	An Energy Centric Approach to Architecture: Abstracting the material to co-rationalize design and performance
source	Silicon + Skin: Biological Processes and Computation, [Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) / ISBN 978-0-9789463-4-0] Minneapolis 16-19 October 2008, 72-81
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2008.072
summary	This paper begins by exploring matter as an aggregated system of energy transactions and modulations. With this in mind, it examines the notion of energy driven form finding as a design methodology that can simultaneously negotiate physical, environmental and fabrication considerations. The digital workspace enables this notion of form finding to re-establish itself in the world of architecture through a range of analytic tools that algorithmically encode real world physics. Simulating the spatial and energetic characteristics of reality enables virtual “form generation models that recognize the laws of physics and are able to create ‘minimum’ surfaces for compression, bending [and] tension” (Cook 2004). The language of energy, common in engineering and materials science, enables a renewed trans-disciplinary dialogue that addresses significant historic disjunctions such as the professional divide between architects and engineers. Design becomes a science of exploring abstracted energy states to discover a suitable resonance with which to tune the built environment. ¶ A case study of one particular method of energy driven form finding is presented. Bi-directional Evolutionary Structural Optimization (BESO) is a generative engineering technique developed at RMIT University. It appropriates natural growth strategies to determine optimum forms that respond to structural criteria by reorganizing their topology. This dynamic topology response enables structural optimization to become an integrated component of design exploration. A sequence of investigations illustrates the flexibility and trans-disciplinary benefits of this approach. Using BESO as a tool for design rather than purely for structural optimization fuses the creative approach of the architect with the pragmatic approach of the engineer, enabling outcomes that neither profession could develop in isolation. The BESO case study alludes to future design processes that will facilitate a coherent unfolding of design logic comparable to morphogenesis.
keywords	Energy; Form-Finding; Morphogenesis; Optimization; Structure
series	ACADIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	2004_366
id	2004_366
authors	García Alvarado, Rodrigo and Monedero Isorna, Javier
year	2004
title	The Fragmented Eye - Cinematographic Techniques for Architectural Animations
source	Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 366-373
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.366
summary	In order to contribute to the elaboration of more expressive architectural animations, some famous films, documentaries of buildings and award-winning animations were analyzed. This was carried out examining the cinematographic techniques used at three levels of filming language; image setting, shot movements and montage, according to concepts described in theoretical texts. The analysis revealed an extensive use of techniques, in particular in movies, that give graphic diversity and perceptual stability. Based on that, it proposes some ideas for the planning of an architectural animation and a computer implementation of some filmic concepts, in particular related to movements of the point-of-view. This study suggest a fragmented view of building designs, to get an appealing moving presentation, with visual interest and continuity, as such should be also in architecture.
keywords	Animation, Film, Image, Movement, Montage
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	avocaad_2003_01
id	avocaad_2003_01
authors	Jack Breen
year	2003
title	VISTA VERSA – Critical Considerations on the Evolvement of Designerly Attitudes, Instruments and Networks in Design Driven Studies
source	LOCAL VALUES in a NETWORKED DESIGN WORLD - ADDED VALUE OF COMPUTER AIDED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Stellingwerff, Martijn and Verbeke, Johan (Eds.), (2004) DUP Science - Delft University Press, ISBN 90-407-2507-1.
summary	Keynote Paper - We are all involved in design.Besides being the (sub)conscious recipients of all sorts of design driven activities, we are professionally concerned with products of design and acts of designing, either as practitioners or as academics, in some cases as both… As someone who was trained as a designer, drifted into design teaching and presently attempts to combine composition research with design practice, I feel there is a need to bridge the cultural gap between design and design research. I intend to put forward the case for more designerly approaches in the study of design. In this context I would like to discuss perspectives for design driven studies by considering the following ensemble of aspects:- the matter of shifting attitudes to design in a scientific context; - the necessity of expanding the scope of instruments of design in relation to methods and insights. - the furthering of opportunities for networks aimed at bringing out and communicating findings concerning different aspects of design.It is on the topic of interaction, between the targeted creativity of designing on the one hand and the open minded search for relevant knowledge, insights and applications on the other, that I would like to dwell. Furthermore, I hope to provoke some thoughts – and hopefully responses – concerning the roles of computer based applications in such studies. What kinds of impulses have computer technologies offered, should they perhaps have offered and indeed might they still be able to offer in this field? I would like to by take a critical look back and try to turn things around, towards a possible view forward…
keywords	Architecture, Local values, Globalisation, Computer Aided Architectural Design
series	AVOCAAD
email
last changed	2006/01/16 21:38

_id	207caadria2004
id	207caadria2004
authors	Julie R. Jupp and John S. Gero
year	2004
title	Computational Differentiation and Categorisation of Design Drawings
source	CAADRIA 2004 [Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 89-7141-648-3] Seoul Korea 28-30 April 2004, pp. 303-318
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2004.303
summary	In this paper we present an approach to the differentiation and classification of two-dimensional design drawings. Our model is based on a qualitative encoding scheme and information theoretic measures. The model utilises information-theoretic tools to measure the similarity and complexity of a hierarchy of drawing descriptions. The descriptive and analytic power of the model is demonstrated by evaluating the different measures for a series of simple sketches and studying the time evolution of architectural plans produced by Frank Lloyd Wright.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	caadria2004_k-1
id	caadria2004_k-1
authors	Kalay, Yehuda E.
year	2004
title	CONTEXTUALIZATION AND EMBODIMENT IN CYBERSPACE
source	CAADRIA 2004 [Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 89-7141-648-3] Seoul Korea 28-30 April 2004, pp. 5-14
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2004.005
summary	The introduction of VRML (Virtual Reality Markup Language) in 1994, and other similar web-enabled dynamic modeling software (such as SGI’s Open Inventor and WebSpace), have created a rush to develop on-line 3D virtual environments, with purposes ranging from art, to entertainment, to shopping, to culture and education. Some developers took their cues from the science fiction literature of Gibson (1984), Stephenson (1992), and others. Many were web-extensions to single-player video games. But most were created as a direct extension to our new-found ability to digitally model 3D spaces and to endow them with interactive control and pseudo-inhabitation. Surprisingly, this technologically-driven stampede paid little attention to the core principles of place-making and presence, derived from architecture and cognitive science, respectively: two principles that could and should inform the essence of the virtual place experience and help steer its development. Why are the principles of place-making and presence important for the development of virtual environments? Why not simply be content with our ability to create realistically-looking 3D worlds that we can visit remotely? What could we possibly learn about making these worlds better, had we understood the essence of place and presence? To answer these questions we cannot look at place-making (both physical and virtual) from a 3D space-making point of view alone, because places are not an end unto themselves. Rather, places must be considered a locus of contextualization and embodiment that ground human activities and give them meaning. In doing so, places acquire a meaning of their own, which facilitates, improves, and enriches many aspects of our lives. They provide us with a means to interpret the activities of others and to direct our own actions. Such meaning is comprised of the social and cultural conceptions and behaviors imprinted on the environment by the presence and activities of its inhabitants, who in turn, ‘read’ by them through their own corporeal embodiment of the same environment. This transactional relationship between the physical aspects of an environment, its social/cultural context, and our own embodiment of it, combine to create what is known as a sense of place: the psychological, physical, social, and cultural framework that helps us interpret the world around us, and directs our own behavior in it. In turn, it is our own (as well as others’) presence in that environment that gives it meaning, and shapes its social/cultural character. By understanding the essence of place-ness in general, and in cyberspace in particular, we can create virtual places that can better support Internet-based activities, and make them equal to, in some cases even better than their physical counterparts. One of the activities that stands to benefit most from understanding the concept of cyber-places is learning—an interpersonal activity that requires the co-presence of others (a teacher and/or fellow learners), who can point out the difference between what matters and what does not, and produce an emotional involvement that helps students learn. Thus, while many administrators and educators rush to develop webbased remote learning sites, to leverage the economic advantages of one-tomany learning modalities, these sites deprive learners of the contextualization and embodiment inherent in brick-and-mortar learning institutions, and which are needed to support the activity of learning. Can these qualities be achieved in virtual learning environments? If so, how? These are some of the questions this talk will try to answer by presenting a virtual place-making methodology and its experimental implementation, intended to create a sense of place through contextualization and embodiment in virtual learning environments.
series	CAADRIA
type	normal paper
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	408caadria2004
id	408caadria2004
authors	Kuhn Park, Ramesh Krishnamurti
year	2004
title	Flexible Design Representation for Construction
source	CAADRIA 2004 [Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 89-7141-648-3] Seoul Korea 28-30 April 2004, pp. 671-680
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2004.671
summary	A high percentage of overall defects in the built environment occurs during the construction period. Some of these relate to design and the others relate to construction. The detection and reasoning of defects requires involvement of multiple expertise. Researchers in the School of Architecture, the Robotics Institute, and the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Carnegie Mellon University are investing ways to integrate suites of emerging evaluation technologies to help find, record, manage, and limit the impact of construction defects. As part of this effort, the researchers have conducted case studies on construction sites near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Each case study serves as a test-bed to measure the feasibility of our approach and to discover problems. In this paper, we discuss the overall project work flow in which we emphasize the importance of a flexible representation for construction, and describe our solution using a concept of representational flexibility named sorts.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ecaade2008_081
id	ecaade2008_081
authors	LaBelle, Guillaum; Nembrini, Julien; Huang , Jeffrey
year	2008
title	Simulation-Driven Design System
source	Architecture in Computro [26th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-7-2] Antwerpen (Belgium) 17-20 September 2008, pp. 469-476
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.469
summary	This paper presents a design process efficiently involving parametric design, realistic physical simulation and rapid-prototyping fabrication for contextual shape adaptation. This case study focuses on lighting simulation for the specific problem of solar energy harvesting. Inspired by the phototropic mechanism, the ability of plants to grow according to the availability of light, an innovative design technique is defined, taking its root in the morphogenetic design school [Hensel, 2004].
keywords	Parametric,Simulation, Generative Design, CAD, Phototropism
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	2004_136
id	2004_136
authors	Mullins, Michael and Zupancic Strojan, Tadeja
year	2004
title	Depth Perception in CAVE and Panorama
source	Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 136-141
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.136
summary	This study compares aspects of spatial perception in a physical environment and its virtual representations in a CAVE and Panorama, derived from recent research. To measure accuracy of spatial perception, participants in an experiment were asked to look at identical objects in the three environments and then locate them and identify their shape on scaled drawings. Results are presented together with statistical analysis. In a discussion of the results, the paper addresses the two hypothetical assertions – that depth perception in physical reality and its virtual representations in CAVE and Panorama are quantifiably different, and that differences are attributable to prior contextual experience of the viewer. The role of prior or tacit knowledge in these environments is established from the empirical data. It is concluded that the CAVE offers a higher potential for spatial experience and learning than the Panorama. The results also suggests that knowledge gained in physical contexts is more readily transferred to its virtual simulation, while that gained in virtual experience is not reliably transferred to its equivalent physical context. The paper discusses implications for spatial ability, learning and training in virtual environments; in architectural education; and participatory design processes, in which the dialogue between real and imagined space may take place in virtual reality techniques.
keywords	Virtual Reality; Perception; Spatial Ability; Learning; Virtual Context
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	2004_112
id	2004_112
authors	Norman, Frederick
year	2004
title	Digital to Analog - Exploring Digital Processes of Making
source	Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 112-118
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.112
summary	This focus this paper is the translation of a digital information model that defines an object’s surface properties and its connection to that which is real or physical. This research, while early in its investigation, seeks to explore architecture and digital design as a material process. The direct connection to output devices such as computer-numerically controlled routers provide a unique opportunity for controlled variation and serial differentiation and seeks to exploit mass customization rather than standardization. Through a series of studies the process from design to machine file to finish product is explored. This connection to digitally driven fabrication equipment creates within the design process an opportunity to realize ones designs both digitally and materially.
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	ddss2004_d-49
id	ddss2004_d-49
authors	Polidori, M. and R. Krafta
year	2004
title	Environment – Urban Interface within Urban Growth
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Developments in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Eindhoven: Eindhoven University of Technology, ISBN 90-6814-155-4, p. 49-62
summary	This work presents the synthesis of a model of urban growth dedicated to accomplish simulations of urban spatial dynamics, based on integrated urban and environmental factors and promoting simultaneity among external and internal growth. The city and surrounding environment are captured and modeled in computational ambient, by application of the centrality / potential model (Krafta, 1994 and 1999), with support of graph theory, cellular automata, GIS and geocomputation. The model assumes the city as a field of opportunities for obtaining income, mediated by the space, which is composed of urban and environmental attributes, that work as attractors or as resistances for the urban growth. The space configuration and the distribution of those attributes generate tensions that differentiate qualitatively and quantitatively the space, through the centrality measure (built with the support of graphs techniques), coming to provoke growth in places with larger potential of development (built with the help of techniques of CA – cellular automata). Growths above environmental thresholds are considered problems, generated and overcome in the same process of production of the urban space. Iterations of that process offer a dynamic behaviour to the model, allowing to observe the growth process along the time. The model presents several possibilities: a) urban - natural environment integration; b) internal and external growth integration; c) variety in the scale; d) GIS integration and geocomputation; e) user interface; f) calibration; g) theoretical possibilities; and h) practical possibilities.
keywords	Environment, Urban Growth, Urban Morphology, Simulation
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	cf2011_p018
id	cf2011_p018
authors	Sokmenoglu, Ahu; Cagdas Gulen, Sariyildiz Sevil
year	2011
title	A Multi-dimensional Exploration of Urban Attributes by Data Mining
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 333-350.
summary	The paper which is proposed here will introduce an ongoing research project aiming to research data mining as a methodology of knowledge discovery in urban feature analysis. To address the increasing multi-dimensional and relational complexity of urban environments requires a multidisciplinary approach to urban analysis. This research is an attempt to establish a link between knowledge discovery methodologies and automated urban feature analysis. Therefore, in the scope of this research we apply data mining methodologies for urban analysis. Data mining is defined as to extract important patterns and trends from raw data (Witten and Frank, 2005). When applied to discover relationships between urban attributes, data mining can constitute a methodology for the analysis of multi-dimensional relational complexity of urban environments (Gil, Montenegro, Beirao and Duarte, 2009) The theoretical motivation of the research is derived by the lack of explanatory urban knowledge which is an issue since 1970‚Äôs in the area of urban research. This situation is mostly associated with deductive methods of analysis. The analysis of urban system from the perspective of few interrelated factors, without considering the multi-dimensionality of the system in a deductive fashion was not been explanatory enough. (Jacobs, 1961, Lefebvre, 1970 Harvey, 1973) To address the multi-dimensional and relational complexity of urban environments requires the consideration of diverse spatial, social, economic, cultural, morphological, environmental, political etc. features of urban entities. The main claim is that, in urban analysis, there is a need to advance from traditional one dimensional (Marshall, 2004) description and classification of urban forms (e.g. Land-use maps, Density maps) to the consideration of the simultaneous multi-dimensionality of urban systems. For this purpose, this research proposes a methodology consisting of the application of data mining as a knowledge discovery method into a GIS based conceptual urban database built out of official real data of Beyoglu. Generally, the proposed methodology is a framework for representing and analyzing urban entities represented as objects with properties (attributes). It concerns the formulation of an urban entity‚Äôs database based on both available and non-available (constructed from available data) data, and then data mining of spatial and non-spatial attributes of the urban entities. Location or position is the primary reference basis for the data that is describing urban entities. Urban entities are; building floors, buildings, building blocks, streets, geographically defined districts and neighborhoods etc. Urban attributes are district properties of locations (such as land-use, land value, slope, view and so forth) that change from one location to another. Every basic urban entity is unique in terms of its attributes. All the available qualitative and quantitative attributes that is relavant (in the mind of the analyst) and appropriate for encoding, can be coded inside the computer representation of the basic urban entity. Our methodology is applied by using the real and official, the most complex, complete and up-to-dataset of Beyoglu (a historical neighborhood of Istanbul) that is provided by the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (IBB). Basically, in our research, data mining in the context of urban data is introduced as a computer based, data-driven, context-specific approach for supporting analysis of urban systems without relying on any existing theories. Data mining in the context of urban data; ‚Ä¢ Can help in the design process by providing site-specific insight through deeper understanding of urban data. ‚Ä¢ Can produce results that can assist architects and urban planners at design, policy and strategy levels. ‚Ä¢ Can constitute a robust scientific base for rule definition in urban simulation applications such as urban growth prediction systems, land-use simulation models etc. In the paper, firstly we will present the framework of our research with an emphasis on its theoretical background. Afterwards we will introduce our methodology in detail and finally we will present some of important results of data mining analysis processed in Rapid Miner open-source software. Specifically, our research define a general framework for knowledge discovery in urban feature analysis and enable the usage of GIS and data mining as complementary applications in urban feature analysis. Acknowledgments I would like to thank to Nuffic, the Netherlands Organization for International Cooperation in Higher Education, for funding of this research. I would like to thank Ceyhun Burak Akgul for his support in Data Mining and to H. Serdar Kaya for his support in GIS.
keywords	urban feature analysis, data mining, urban database, urban complexity, GIS
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	sigradi2004_247
id	sigradi2004_247
authors	Suzete Venturelli; Mario Maciel
year	2004
title	Imagens pós-humanas: Ciborgues e robôs [Images after Human Beings: Cyborgs and Robots]
source	SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary	During 19, 20 and 21 centuries theories and new ideas became important things and marked the science and the culture. Questions about truth and reality, reason and knowledge, real and virtual they are mixed like center of the debate between the rational and the relative. Like this, the fiction has been an element constituent of our reality and an instrument for the construction of the truth by means of the language. The fiction represented by the interactive images initiated a research dedicated to the technical images in the construction from the own reality. Images of the human body draw, for example, called pos-human approach the concept of ciborgue in the midia.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 10:01

_id	ddss2004_ra-311
id	ddss2004_ra-311
authors	Tisma, A.
year	2004
title	A NEW COMPUTER SUPPORTED DESIGN TOOL: RASTERPLAN
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Recent Advances in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN: 1-4020-2408-8, p. 311-324
summary	By developing framework plans on a large scale such as a country or a region, planners use economic prognoses which show future needs for space for new spatial developments expressed in units of surfaces. Planners and designers make drawings and sketches to show where those new areas will be situated, but they do not really measure the surfaces of spaces they created. This often leads to incorrect images which can be wrongly understood by actors in decision making. To avoid this problem the Netherlands Institute for Spatial Research developed mapmaking software called RasterPlan. The purpose of this tool is to make design decisions quantitatively checkable and transparent. The maps which result from the RasterPlan are precise in geographical positioning and defining the surfaces of designed areas. RasterPlan allows realization of a quantitative program for future spatial needs for various functions such as housing, green and water areas working, and recreation. In addition to quantitative calculations, qualitative criteria for location choice can be also expressed in a form of suitability maps or buffers. This paper presents an experimental implementation of RasterPlan for the design of the future development of the Province North Brabant.
keywords	Map Making, Computational Tools, Interactive Decision Making
series	DDSS
type	normal paper
last changed	2004/07/03 23:28

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