Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	sigradi2006_e028c
id	sigradi2006_e028c
authors	Griffith, Kenfield; Sass, Larry and Michaud, Dennis
year	2006
title	A strategy for complex-curved building design:Design structure with Bi-lateral contouring as integrally connected ribs
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 465-469
summary	Shapes in designs created by architects such as Gehry Partners (Shelden, 2002), Foster and Partners, and Kohn Peterson and Fox rely on computational processes for rationalizing complex geometry for building construction. Rationalization is the reduction of a complete geometric shape into discrete components. Unfortunately, for many architects the rationalization is limited reducing solid models to surfaces or data on spread sheets for contractors to follow. Rationalized models produced by the firms listed above do not offer strategies for construction or digital fabrication. For the physical production of CAD description an alternative to the rationalized description is needed. This paper examines the coupling of digital rationalization and digital fabrication with physical mockups (Rich, 1989). Our aim is to explore complex relationships found in early and mid stage design phases when digital fabrication is used to produce design outcomes. Results of our investigation will aid architects and engineers in addressing the complications found in the translation of design models embedded with precision to constructible geometries. We present an algorithmically based approach to design rationalization that supports physical production as well as surface production of desktop models. Our approach is an alternative to conventional rapid prototyping that builds objects by assembly of laterally sliced contours from a solid model. We explored an improved product description for rapid manufacture as bilateral contouring for structure and panelling for strength (Kolarevic, 2003). Infrastructure typically found within aerospace, automotive, and shipbuilding industries, bilateral contouring is an organized matrix of horizontal and vertical interlocking ribs evenly distributed along a surface. These structures are monocoque and semi-monocoque assemblies composed of structural ribs and skinning attached by rivets and adhesives. Alternative, bi-lateral contouring discussed is an interlocking matrix of plywood strips having integral joinery for assembly. Unlike traditional methods of building representations through malleable materials for creating tangible objects (Friedman, 2002), this approach constructs with the implication for building life-size solutions. Three algorithms are presented as examples of rationalized design production with physical results. The first algorithm [Figure 1] deconstructs an initial 2D curved form into ribbed slices to be assembled through integral connections constructed as part of the rib solution. The second algorithm [Figure 2] deconstructs curved forms of greater complexity. The algorithm walks along the surface extracting surface information along horizontal and vertical axes saving surface information resulting in a ribbed structure of slight double curvature. The final algorithm [Figure 3] is expressed as plug-in software for Rhino that deconstructs a design to components for assembly as rib structures. The plug-in also translates geometries to a flatten position for 2D fabrication. The software demonstrates the full scope of the research exploration. Studies published by Dodgson argued that innovation technology (IvT) (Dodgson, Gann, Salter, 2004) helped in solving projects like the Guggenheim in Bilbao, the leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy, and the Millennium Bridge in London. Similarly, the method discussed in this paper will aid in solving physical production problems with complex building forms. References Bentley, P.J. (Ed.). Evolutionary Design by Computers. Morgan Kaufman Publishers Inc. San Francisco, CA, 1-73 Celani, G, (2004) “From simple to complex: using AutoCAD to build generative design systems” in: L. Caldas and J. Duarte (org.) Implementations issues in generative design systems. First Intl. Conference on Design Computing and Cognition, July 2004 Dodgson M, Gann D.M., Salter A, (2004), “Impact of Innovation Technology on Engineering Problem Solving: Lessons from High Profile Public Projects,” Industrial Dynamics, Innovation and Development, 2004 Dristas, (2004) “Design Operators.” Thesis. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2004 Friedman, M, (2002), Gehry Talks: Architecture + Practice, Universe Publishing, New York, NY, 2002 Kolarevic, B, (2003), Architecture in the Digital Age: Design and Manufacturing, Spon Press, London, UK, 2003 Opas J, Bochnick H, Tuomi J, (1994), “Manufacturability Analysis as a Part of CAD/CAM Integration”, Intelligent Systems in Design and Manufacturing, 261-292 Rudolph S, Alber R, (2002), “An Evolutionary Approach to the Inverse Problem in Rule-Based Design Representations”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 329-350 Rich M, (1989), Digital Mockup, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Reston, VA, 1989 Schön, D., The Reflective Practitioner: How Professional Think in Action. Basic Books. 1983 Shelden, D, (2003), “Digital Surface Representation and the Constructability of Gehry’s Architecture.” Diss. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2003 Smithers T, Conkie A, Doheny J, Logan B, Millington K, (1989), “Design as Intelligent Behaviour: An AI in Design Thesis Programme”, Artificial Intelligence in Design, 293-334 Smithers T, (2002), “Synthesis in Designing”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 3-24 Stiny, G, (1977), “Ice-ray: a note on the generation of Chinese lattice designs” Environmental and Planning B, volume 4, pp. 89-98
keywords	Digital fabrication; bilateral contouring; integral connection; complex-curve
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	9968
id	9968
authors	Tinnirello, A.; Voget, R.; De Federico, S.
year	2004
title	MATHEMATICS FORMATION AND CREATIVE DESIGN
source	Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference of Mathematics & Design, Special Edition of the Journal of Mathematics & Design, Volume 4, No.1, pp. 225-229.
summary	One of the earliest human beings desires has been to inhabit a place that may assemble beauty and functionality. Architecture and Design have been the disciplines in charge to formalize it. Their study, as well as the way they are taught have been adapted to fit the needs; and the velocity of their transformation is even greater as well as the link between design, art and technology. Creativity, in it basic generic entity, is the capability to solve appropriately and originally phrased architectural problems which involves not only space, act, environment and semiotics but with everything related to make the project able to be constructed and inhabitable. New technologies are based on complex algorithms which, by the use of simulators, achieve to produce complexity works that would have been unbelievable twenty year ago. These algorithms have a strong mathematical basis and allow to generate other working methods so as to create wonderful geometrical objects. The study of this New Geometry requires to explore and expand this field of knowledge in the Architecture studies. In order to analyze and use complex design systems to generate non linear experimental models, it is necessary the Mathematical contribution, not only at the University education stage but also at the professional life. This New Mathematics adequately focused, is able and must be an essential ally to creative design which is born with an exercised imagination in the formation stage; therefore it must aid to establish a space where knowledge and ability for architectural work can be created, synthesized and experimented. This work tries to encourage students and in relation to Geometry promotes the following aspects: (i) Inspection of new architectural spaces, (ii)Comprehension of the geometrical structure, (iii) Originality and common sense, (iv) Relation between Geometry and design of construction constitutive elements,(v) Insertion of man in the space, (vi) Conditioning of design to human body dimensions, (vii) Fractal geometries. According to what has been expressed, this proposition acquires a fundamental significance to develop a spatial vision of geometrical shapes in students, in order to stimulate the understanding of the existing relation between abstract geometrical elements and their real applications in Architecture, Geometry and Design and Art. Besides, the purpose of this work has the aim to approach knowledge at the architectural design process and to the study of shapes and mathematical models that such designs sustain , and ultimately demonstrate the importance of an academic organization that involve teachers from different disciplines.
series	other
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2005/04/07 15:37

_id	sigradi2004_213
id	sigradi2004_213
authors	Carlos Roberto Barrios Hernandez
year	2004
title	Parametric Gaudi
source	SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary	This research is a work in progress in the development of parametric systems for modeling of complex shapes. The research takes on the fundamental rules for form generation of column knots of the Expiatory Temple of the Sagrada Familia in Barcelona. Designed by the Spanish Architect, Antonio Gaudi, the forms of the Sagrada Familia represent a synthesis of manipulation of simple geometrical rules and the use of basic procedures which result in a rich language with no precedents in architecture.
keywords	Parametric modeling, design variations, evaluation of designs
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:48

_id	2004_248
id	2004_248
authors	Chang, Teng-Wen and Woodbury, Robert F.
year	2004
title	GEOMETRY IN HIGHLY STRUCTURED DESIGN SPACES
source	Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 248-254
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.248
summary	The Australian branch of the SEED project created a new formalism for design spaces in which the fundamental structuring operator is information specificity, formally characterised as subsumption. Here design space navigation is composed as combinations of the primitive operators of resolution, unification, anti-unification, search, query and hysterical undo. The structures needed to support such a view are highly constrained in a mathematical sense and it is in these constraints that the problems for representation of geometry arise. The research challenge is to add the formal design space exploration constraints into an existing geometric representation scheme or alternatively to discover a new scheme in which the constraints are realized. Based on Typed Feature Structures (TFS), Geometric Typed Feature Structures (GTFS) are a representation scheme and method for performing the basic design space exploration operations on geometric objects. The crucial insight behind extending TFS to geometry is to discover useful algebraic structures of geometric objects affording the mathematics required of TFS. In this paper we describe Geometric Typed Feature Structures through one example of form: IOPSet. Our method of exposition is both mathematical and graphical: for each structure we will demonstrate both how it meets the necessary formal conditions as well as the sorts of form-sculpting operations it enables. An architectural example: insulated enclosure is used as a demonstration of subsumption operations over IOPSet. One alternative description of insulated enclosure using GTFS is also shown in the paper.
keywords	Geometric Typed Feature Structures, SEED, Design Space Explorer, Geometric Design Information
series	eCAADe
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	305caadria2004
id	305caadria2004
authors	Somen Chakraborty
year	2004
title	Archimetrics: A Necessary Discipline for Obtaining Objective Values From Architectural Subjective Values
source	CAADRIA 2004 [Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 89-7141-648-3] Seoul Korea 28-30 April 2004, pp. 443-452
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2004.443
summary	If we are serious about using CAAD then many subjective design steps normally performed by the architect apparently creatively using subjective values are to be performed by the computer. To fulfil this purpose a tremendous research work is necessary to transform subjective design methods and values to objective design methods and values which should give realistic design solutions not less efficient than that produced by human being. For this purpose it has become imperative now to develop new methods or borrow methods from other disciplines like statistics and psychometrics so that this kind of transformation can be done effectively. It appears that this may form a distinct discipline by itself which may be termed as “archimetrics” keeping parity with similar terms like psychometrics, econometrics, anthropometrics etc. With this view in mind the author has attempted to develop few methods and concepts by virtue of which some of the subjective design methods and values can be transformed into objective design methods and values. The author describes here some basic concepts required for this purpose.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	sigradi2004_057
id	sigradi2004_057
authors	Themis Fagundes; Eliane Schlemmer; Clarice Maraschin
year	2004
title	Cidades virtuais: projetos de aprendizagem em arquitetura e urbanismo [Virtual Cities: Architecture and Urbanism Learning Projects]
source	SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary	This paper discuss partial findings concerning academic research on Virtual Cities and Virtual Learning Environments, applied to the learning process in Architecture and Urbanism. We approach the paradigmatic shift on the conception of space and time, related to Informational Technology in the global context (WWW). This implies changes in the notion of city, space and place within the network society, which are raw material for architects. We use case study methodology to build partial digital models of the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil, based on basic 3D modelling and GIS technology. They composed computer places that are our digital base for the future development of virtual cities. They are operated as learning objects by the community of students and teachers, within Virtual Learning Environments (AVA). We argue that this process might enhance the development of autonomy, solidarity and cooperation, which are relevant cognitive abilities to the profile of young architects.
keywords	Virtual Cities, Network Society, Informational Technology, Virtual Learning Environments
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 10:01

_id	sigradi2006_e183a
id	sigradi2006_e183a
authors	Costa Couceiro, Mauro
year	2006
title	La Arquitectura como Extensión Fenotípica Humana - Un Acercamiento Basado en Análisis Computacionales [Architecture as human phenotypic extension – An approach based on computational explorations]
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 56-60
summary	The study describes some of the aspects tackled within a current Ph.D. research where architectural applications of constructive, structural and organization processes existing in biological systems are considered. The present information processing capacity of computers and the specific software development have allowed creating a bridge between two holistic nature disciplines: architecture and biology. The crossover between those disciplines entails a methodological paradigm change towards a new one based on the dynamical aspects of forms and compositions. Recent studies about artificial-natural intelligence (Hawkins, 2004) and developmental-evolutionary biology (Maturana, 2004) have added fundamental knowledge about the role of the analogy in the creative process and the relationship between forms and functions. The dimensions and restrictions of the Evo-Devo concepts are analyzed, developed and tested by software that combines parametric geometries, L-systems (Lindenmayer, 1990), shape-grammars (Stiny and Gips, 1971) and evolutionary algorithms (Holland, 1975) as a way of testing new architectural solutions within computable environments. It is pondered Lamarck´s (1744-1829) and Weismann (1834-1914) theoretical approaches to evolution where can be found significant opposing views. Lamarck´s theory assumes that an individual effort towards a specific evolutionary goal can cause change to descendents. On the other hand, Weismann defended that the germ cells are not affected by anything the body learns or any ability it acquires during its life, and cannot pass this information on to the next generation; this is called the Weismann barrier. Lamarck’s widely rejected theory has recently found a new place in artificial and natural intelligence researches as a valid explanation to some aspects of the human knowledge evolution phenomena, that is, the deliberate change of paradigms in the intentional research of solutions. As well as the analogy between genetics and architecture (Estévez and Shu, 2000) is useful in order to understand and program emergent complexity phenomena (Hopfield, 1982) for architectural solutions, also the consideration of architecture as a product of a human extended phenotype can help us to understand better its cultural dimension.
keywords	evolutionary computation; genetic architectures; artificial/natural intelligence
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:49

_id	409caadria2004
id	409caadria2004
authors	Masayuki Okada, Kazuhisa Iki, Sadayuki Shimoda
year	2004
title	Development of CAFM System for LCM on Building Maintenance and Management
source	CAADRIA 2004 [Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 89-7141-648-3] Seoul Korea 28-30 April 2004, pp. 681-692
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2004.681
summary	The purpose of this study is to develop a Computer Aided Facility Management (CAFM) system to assist the optimal Life Cycle Management (LCM) business, especially in the repair and renewal planning works of the inhabited building Life Cycle Cost (LCC). This system is also useful for annual, mid and long term facility maintenance budget planning. Major steps of this study are as follows: (1) A Study on the actual process of the LCM business was undertaken to determine the required functions of the CAFM system. (2) We surveyed the calculation process of the LCC and examined the data processing method in order to determine an efficient LCC calculation method for the CAFM system. (3) Based on the above result, we developed each function required for the CAFM system. (4) The CAFM system was developed by unifying the above functions in a network browser environment such as data transaction management between database, LCC calculation and graphical representation applications. (5) We evaluate the CAFM system by using case studies of LCM works on actual buildings. This system contributes to the efficient maintenance works of the LCC, and is able to support the appropriate scheduling of LCM works.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	ddss2006-pb-101
id	DDSS2006-PB-101
authors	Aloys W.J. Borgers, I.M.E. Smeets, A.D.A.M. Kemperman, and H.J.P. Timmermans
year	2006
title	Simulation of Micro Pedestrian Behaviour in Shopping Streets
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) 2006, Progress in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Eindhoven: Eindhoven University of Technology, ISBN-10: 90-386-1756-9, ISBN-13: 978-90-386-1756-5, p. 101-116
summary	Over the years, scholars have developed various models of pedestrian movement. These models can be used to assess the effects of detailed design decisions or to predict pedestrian behaviour under conditions of crowding. To date, not much attention has been paid to pedestrians' shopping behaviour at the micro level. Therefore, the main purpose of this project is to test a model that aims at simulating micro pedestrian behaviour in shopping streets, including entering shops. The model assumes a detailed network of links to represent the structure of street segments and entrances to the shops. The basic principle underlying the model is that a pedestrian moves from one link in the network to another, adjacent link. In fact, a pedestrian enters a segment at one side, heading for the other side of the segment. However, a pedestrian might enter the segment by leaving a shop as well. Then, the pedestrian might be heading for either side of the segment. While transferring from the current link to the next link, the pedestrian will be attracted by the shops along both sides of the street. The study area is Antwerp's main shopping street. During a one-week workshop in July 2004, students observed pedestrian movement in this shopping street. An inventory of some physical characteristics of the shopping street was made and pedestrians were tracked through two separate segments of the shopping street. In total, 334 pedestrians were tracked. A conventional multinomial logit model is used to simulate pedestrians' micro behaviour. The process of consecutively selecting links continues until the pedestrian has reached one of the terminal links or a shop. The model performs very well. Simulated routes were used to assess the validity of the model. Observed and simulated link loading correspond fairly well, however, the model seems to slightly mispredict the attraction of a number of shops.
keywords	Micro pedestrian behaviour, Shopping street, Simulation
series	DDSS
last changed	2006/08/29 12:55

_id	sigradi2004_047
id	sigradi2004_047
authors	Antonio Almagro Gorbea; Ana Almagro Vidal; José Antonio Fernández Ruiz; Miguel González Garrido
year	2004
title	Madinat al-zahraí: Investigación y representación [Madinat al-Zahraí: Investigation and Representation]
source	SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary	The virtual reconstruction of the archeological site of Madinat al-Zahra. in Córdoba (Spain) has permitted a new approach to the study and comprehension of this palatine city as well as to the typologies of Islamic architecture in Al-Andalus during the 10th century. Starting from fieldwork and from a photogrammetric survey of the site, the digital model has become a highly qualified tool in the research process. Through virtual navigation, it allows to learn new aspects about spatial configuration of this characteristic constructions that configure the basis for the development of further architectures during the following centuries. Furthermore, being conscious that knowledge is basic for cultural heritage preservation, this 3D reconstruction model is an important instrument for general dissemination and for implementing a visit to this significant case of Islamic architecture in Spain.
keywords	Islamic architecture, computer graphics, virtual reconstruction, 3D modeling
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	ddss2008-33
id	ddss2008-33
authors	Charlton, James A.; Bob Giddings and Margaret Horne
year	2008
title	A survey of computer software for the urban designprocess
source	H.J.P. Timmermans, B. de Vries (eds.) 2008, Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, ISBN 978-90-6814-173-3, University of Technology Eindhoven, published on CD
summary	Urban design is concerned with the shape, the surface and the physical arrangement of all kinds of urban elements, the basic components that make up the built environment, at the level of buildings, spaces and human activities. It is also concerned with the non-visual aspects of the environment, such as noise, wind and temperature and humidity. The city square is a particular urban element which can take many forms and its geometrical relationships such as maximum dimensions, ratio of width to length and building height to length have been analysed for centuries (Alberti 1475), (Vitruvius 1550), (Sitte 1889), (Corbett 2004). Within the current urban design process there are increasing examples of three dimensional computer representations which allow the user to experience a visual sense of the geometry of city squares in an urban landscape. Computer-aided design and Virtual Reality technologies have recently contributed to this visual assessment, but there have been limited attempts at 3D computer representations which allow the user to experience a greater sense of the urban space. This paper will describe a survey of computer tools which could support a more holistic approach to urban design and which could be used to simulate a number of urban texture and urban quality aspects. It will provide a systematic overview of currently available software that could support the simulation of building density, height, colour and style as well as conditions relating to noise, shading, heat, natural and artificial light. It will describe a methodology for the selection and filtering of appropriate computer applications and offer an initial evaluation of these tools for the analysis and representation of the three-dimensional geometry, urban texture and urban quality of city centre spaces. The paper is structured to include an introduction to the design criteria relating to city centre spaces which underpins this research. Next the systematic review of computer software will be described, and selected tools will undergo initial evaluation. Finally conclusions will be drawn and areas for future research identified.
keywords	Urban design, Software identification, 3D modelling, Pedestrian modelling, Wind modelling, Noise mapping, Thermal comfort, VR Engine
series	DDSS
last changed	2008/09/01 17:06

_id	112caadria2004
id	112caadria2004
authors	Chun Yu Hsieh
year	2004
title	The Emergence of Creativity in Digital Development of Architecture
source	CAADRIA 2004 [Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 89-7141-648-3] Seoul Korea 28-30 April 2004, pp. 173-188
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2004.173
summary	Research into the various forms and processes of creativity has been a topic of great interest in the design field for many years. However, most studies avoid questioning whether digital architecture is inherently creative in a larger social context. This study proposes to use the interacting creativity model of Csiksentmihalyi as the basic structure, to establish the major criteria of testing creativity in the digital era. There are two objectives: first, whether digital architecture can pass the test in society and culture to become an architecture that embodies creativity; second, to find out the role of digital media in Csiksentmihalyi’s interacting creativity model.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	2004_396
id	2004_396
authors	Fischer, Thomas
year	2004
title	Microcontroller - Enhanced Physical Models for Architectural and Product Design
source	Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 396-403
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.396
summary	Electronic sensors, controllers, displays and actuators can significantly enhance the value of physical models as processes of use, interaction and transformation take center stage in various fields of design. These technologies allow the development of novel computer interfaces for new kinds of interaction with virtual models, and in the future they will allow new types of active building components and materials for automated construction and dynamic runtime adaptations of inhabitable environments. However, embedding programmed logic into physical objects seems to confront designers and model makers with a steep learning curve outside the domains of their traditional expertise. The variety of alternative technologies and development tools in this area has a particularly disorienting effect on novices. Some early experiences however suggest that mastery of this learning curve is easily within reach, given some basic introduction, guidance and support. It is the purpose of this paper to provide designers with a starting point for explorations into this area, to give orientation and to demonstrate some possible development approaches and results.
keywords	Interaction, Process, High-Fidelity Models, Microcontrollers, Electronics
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	2004_558
id	2004_558
authors	Gatermann, Harald
year	2004
title	The Didactic Triangle - Using CAD, Photography and Descriptive Geometry as Educating Tools with Mutual Influence
source	Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 558-562
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.558
summary	Teaching of architectural photography is still not very popular at universities. We developed a didactic concept of teaching architectural photography in response to caad and to descriptive geometry. The first edge of the triangle (descriptive geometry): By having knowledge in descriptive geometry, students will be more aware of geometrical context in caad and in photography. On the other hand the teaching and understanding of descriptive geometry is much easier, when students have already a basic knowledge of photography. The second edge of the triangle (caad, animation): This kind of teaching architectural photography is not only necessary to open the eyes for „young“ student to learn photography - it also helps to understand the basics of constructing perspectives in descriptive geometry or computer aided design up to different kinds of visualisation. The third edge of the triangle (photography): In the age of non-slr-cameras students are no longer used to take sophisticated photographs. They are mostly only able to take snapsshots (even in the time of digital cameras). One of our main methods is to make them acquainted to slrcameras (analog and digital), to tripods and spirit levels as essential tools and to teach the basic geometrical context. The didactic concept is continued by teaching knowledge about colours, light, different points of view etc. Our didactical concept („Didactic Triangle“) is based on teaching all three elements (photography, caad, descr. geometry) by the same teacher in the same semester to the same students. This guarantees the mutual understanding of the three disciplines. Interactive, digital teaching elements (virtual „mock-up-studio“) support the acceptance.
keywords	Descriptive Geometry, Photography, CAD
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	41f0
id	41f0
authors	Janusz Rebielak
year	2004
title	NUMERICAL MODELS OF CHOSEN TYPES OF DOME STRUCTURES
source	Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference of Mathematics & Design, Special Edition of the Journal of Mathematics & Design, Volume 4, No.1, pp. 239-249.
summary	The paper presents basic description of shaping processes of tension-strut structures developed by the author and proposed as lightweight structural systems for large span dome covers. In the paper are presented two basic types of the systems, which are built mainly by means of tetrahedral and octahedral modules with the V-shaped bar sets. For all the offered types of structures there are prepared suitable numerical models defined in the programming language Formian. Application of these numerical models considerably accelerates design process of these complex forms of spatial structures and makes possible an easier co-operation between all designers involved in this process.
series	other
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2005/04/08 17:17

_id	ddss2004_d-111
id	ddss2004_d-111
authors	Kitazawa, K. and M. Batty
year	2004
title	Pedestrian Behaviour Modelling
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Developments in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Eindhoven: Eindhoven University of Technology, ISBN 90-6814-155-4, p. 111-126
summary	This paper introduces a study of pedestrian behaviour modelling which incorporates ideas about agent-based systems and the traffic models based on the utility-maximization theory. The aim of this study is to examine the applicable scope of one of the basic assumptions in existing spatial behaviour models; the route with shortest distance maximizes the utility of each pedestrian’s travel. Although shortest-path models have been widely used in the field of Traffic management to predict routing behaviour, there can be seen a lot of erratic behaviour in urban areas, shopping migration behaviour for instance, which can not be explained by them. Thus, it is important to identify other possible influential factors on their utility maximization process in order to develop more explicable models of pedestrian movements. In this study, we implemented a simulation model using the shortest-path model as one of evaluation criteria of Genetic Algorithms (GA) to computationally emulate retail movements of shoppers in a big shopping centre and to test the accuracy of the model by comparison between the routes estimated by the model and actual trajectories of shoppers. This simulation system will be used as a platform for further modelling.
keywords	Pedestrian Modelling, Retail Movement, Shortest-Path, Genetic Algorithms
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	2004_508
id	2004_508
authors	Lan-Ting Clare Tseng and Feng-Tyan Lin
year	2004
title	Comprehend the Term ‘Info-City’ - A Comparison between Two Primary Cities in Taiwan
source	Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 508-514
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.508
summary	The rising of Information Communication Technology influences cities globally. ‘Info-city’ is the very topic to be reconsidered if each city acts as a combination of the physical and virtual. This research is an attempt to understand and formalize the comprehension of Taiwan people about ‘Info-city’. For the sake of reliability, there are 37 interviewees from Taiwan’s enterprises providing experiences of daily urban lives as a field to explore. In order to organize oral corpus, the research method applies encoding in term of cognitive semantics. Every sentence in the database is regarded as a basic unit to analyze. Besides that, there’s a framework consisted of two analytical dimensions to reveal a clear picture of the collective minds. The results are concluded that concepts of ‘info-city’ in Taiwan value the mechanism of synergy most instead of the effect of substitution as an arbitrary assumption among urban studies.
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	2004_380
id	2004_380
authors	Lentz, Uffe and Lykke-Olsen, Andreas
year	2004
title	Quality Control in Visualization Processes
source	Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 380-386
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.380
summary	Computer visualizations of planned built environment and infrastructures are increasingly used as a basis for democratic decisions when the impact of the projects is of wide-ranging interests and influence. It is of great importance for the democratic process that all aspects of the material in a project can be trusted as a basis for discussion and decisions among politicians and citizens. This paper describes the objective aspects of the quality of data in the information basis for 3D visualizations and it calculates the precision that can be achieved by the known methods of 3D-CAD visualization. Furthermore, the paper suggests a model that can secure sufficient quality in future visualization work processes by accumulating documentation for both the factual basic data and information that carry the aim and meaning of the message and make this information accessible through the visualization.
keywords	3Dvisualization, Process Model, Quality Control
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	sigradi2004_071
id	sigradi2004_071
authors	Marcelo Payssé; Magela Bielli; Juan Pablo Portillo; Fernando Rischewski
year	2004
title	Proyecto de automatización de cálculos estructurales para programas cadî, uso de herramientas informáticas en la enseñanza del cálculo estructural en la facultad de arquitectura [Automation Project of Structural Calculations for CAD Programs - Use of Digital Tools for Structural Calculations in the School of Architecture]
source	SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary	This paper describes the implementation of Automated Structural Calculations For CAD Programs. We aim to develop a newly conceived software prioritizing the analysis and structural design in the conceptual aspect, linking the calculation with the usual graphic procedures by means of a specific application for local education methodology, that will be intellectual property of our University. It refers the methodology applied in the implementation of the program and the pedagogical aspect we considered. The software is developped as a macro programmed in open source code (Visual Basic Application) with data-input and data output generated in AutoCAD 2000. The specific objectives are: to obtain significant improvements in the habitual resolution standards of complex exercises, to obtain suitable software with free distribution for academic purposes with minimum costs and develop an adequate instrument to the specific architects . work modality in our faculty.
keywords	Academic experiences, structural calculation, structural representation
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:55

_id	eaea2003_12-matalasov
id	eaea2003_12-matalasov
authors	Matalasov, M. and Matalasov, E.
year	2004
title	Our Views on Actual Researches of 3D-modelling in Architecture
source	Spatial Simulation and Evaluation - New Tools in Architectural and Urban Design [Proceedings of the 6th European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 80-227-2088-7], pp. 48-58
summary	This contribution is devoted to the brief description of the basic directions and tendencies of researches of the laboratory of video systems MARCHI. In connection with development of hardware-software computer means and their practically absolute, not alternative application in the practice of architectural designing, nowadays (not always is proved) the sphere of application of the former traditional methods of physical modeling and their connection to the endoscopic methods has been narrowed. We consider some new probable directions of development of scientific and educational work within the framework of activity of our laboratory, allowing a more balanced approach to these problems. As we have discussed, our theoretical researches and practical works must reassume an existing non-standard and controversial situation in Russia, such as established substantial intellectual potentials in scientific- and methodological researches within study processes. In addition to that, what we can use are affordable and limited physical and financial recourses and capability for technical development of works for modeling perception in designing architectural and town planning space. These initiated searches in the field of non-standard thinking, derive from our contacts with EAEA colleagues. Below we will try briefly to explain our basic principles of work development. (To be clear, some time we dismiss references and notes into exact reports from our conferences supposing that interested colleagues may get further and detailed information from already published past events).
series	EAEA
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

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