Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	sigradi2004_216
id	sigradi2004_216
authors	Pablo C. Grazziotin; Benamy Turkienicz; Luciano Sclovsky; Carla M. D. S. Freitas
year	2004
title	Cityzoom - A tool for the visualization of the impact of urban regulations
source	SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary	Visualization has been used for many years as an important way of presenting architectural design and projects. However, beyond design, planning urban areas requires the analysis of different factors. Urban regulations are planning tools used to control and/or stimulate changes in the urban structure and to reproduce a certain level of quality of the urban milieu. Land area, built area, plot rate, average building height, and other important attributes can be easily obtained from the geometric objects in the city model or explicitly associated to them. This paper presents a system, CityZoom, which integrates several performance tools that allow the simulation of different attributes related to a planned or existing city. These attributes are shown in different ways either as tables of attribute values estimated from model evaluation, or 3D scenarios where the user can navigate and observe realistic shadows and daylighting estimation based on the concept of solar envelope.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:57

_id	ascaad2004_paper16
id	ascaad2004_paper16
authors	Hassan, R.; K. Jorgensen
year	2004
title	Computer Visualizations in Planning
source	eDesign in Architecture: ASCAAD's First International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design, 7-9 December 2004, KFUPM, Saudi Arabia
summary	A wide range of visualizations have been developed and implemented as tools for urban simulations and visual impact assessment. These include: plans, diagrams, elevations, perspective sketches, renderings, modified photographs (photo renderings and photomontages), slide projections, scale models, movies, videotapes and computer graphics. In the last decade, graphical computer applications have proven to be an increasingly supportive tool in visualization and manipulation of graphical material. This study presents the state of the art of computer visualization in planning. More specifically, the use of web-based computerized visualizations for landscape visual simulation, with the aim to develop a system of visualization techniques as an aid to communicating planning and design scenarios for historically important landscapes and urban places, with particular attention to the city of Nablus in Palestine. This has led to the evaluation of possibilities and potentials of computer use in this field, and to the definition of the visual problems and challenges of the city of Nablus. This study will argue what extra one can draw from computerized visualizations, what is likely to be its impact on future planning and design research, and what this visualization experience really means for historical important locations as in Nablus. The study demonstrates that computerized visualizations can be a powerful tool in representing a cityscape in three-dimensions from different angels. Visualizations will allow better understanding of the components of the city, its landscapes, city features and the process of change. In this way it may provide new and better platforms for public participation in planning.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

_id	ascaad2004_paper15
id	ascaad2004_paper15
authors	Mallasi, Z.
year	2004
title	Identification and Visualisation of Construction Activities’ Workspace Conflicts Utilising 4D CAD/VR Tools
source	eDesign in Architecture: ASCAAD's First International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design, 7-9 December 2004, KFUPM, Saudi Arabia
summary	This work addresses the problem arising on all construction sites: the occurrence of workspace interference between construction activities. From a site space planning context, this problem can lead to an inevitable roadblock to the progress of the scheduled construction operations. In real situations, when the spatial congestions occur, they could reduce productivity of workers sharing the same workspace and may cause health and safety hazard issues. The aim of this paper is on presenting a computer-based method and developed tool to assist site managers in the assignment and identification of workspace conflicts. The author focuses on the concept of ‘visualising space competition’ between the construction activities. The concept is based on a unique representation of the dynamic behaviour of activity workspace in 3D space and time. An innovative computer-based tool dubbed PECASO (Patterns Execution and Critical Analysis of Site-space Organisation) has been developed. The emerging technique of 4D (3D + time) visualisation has been chosen to yield an interesting 4D space planning and visualisation tool. A multi-criteria function for measuring the severity of the workspace congestions is designed, embedding the spatial and schedule related criteria. The paper evaluates the PECASO approach in order to minimise the workspace congestions, using a real case study. The paper concludes that the PECASO approach reduces the number of competing workspaces and the conflicting volumes between occupied workspace, which in turn produces better assessment to the execution strategy for a given project schedule. The system proves to be a promising tool for 4D space planning; in that it introduces a new way of communicating the programme of work.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

_id	ddss2004_ra-325
id	ddss2004_ra-325
authors	Rodrigues, D.S., L.C.L. Souza, and J.F.G. Mendes
year	2004
title	Enhancing 3DSkyView Extension Performance
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Recent Advances in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN: 1-4020-24088, p. 325-340
summary	This paper presents a second version of the 3DSkyView extension. The purpose of that extension was to implement a calculation algorithm for assessment and visualization of sky view factors (SVF) by means of tools available in a Geographical Information System (GIS). The sky view factor is a thermal and geometric parameter pointed out in the specialized literature as one of the main causes of urban heat islands. A 3D-GIS is a powerful tool for reaching the goal of this research because it allows the storage, treatment and analysis of tri-dimensional urban data, in addition to a high level of flexibility for incorporating calculation algorithms. The objective in the 3DSkyView extension is to optimize the determination of that factor, not only reducing its demanding calculation and graphical representation time, but also generating a simplified tool for replacing expensive photographic equipment usually applied on this matter. Enhancing functions of ArcView GIS 3.2, the first version of that extension showed a very good performance allowing the automatic delineation and determination of SVF. That performance was although limited to a single observer point. The simulation of SVF for several view points in urban canyons was only possible by applying the extension as many times as the number of observers considered. Therefore, this second version was now developed in order to allow simultaneous determination of SVF for many view points. In addition, the 3DSkyView new interface is more flexible, in a way that the user may choose the kind of output wanted (graphical and/or tabular). With this new feature it is then easier to create a continuous SVF map for an entire area.
keywords	Sky View Factor, Urban Geometry, GIS Extension, Urban Heat Island
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	ddss2004_ra-177
id	ddss2004_ra-177
authors	Ballas, D., R. Kingston, and J. Stillwell
year	2004
title	Using a Spatial Microsimulation Decision Support System for Policy Scenario Analysis
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Recent Advances in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN: 1-4020-2408-8, p. 177-191
summary	This paper discusses the potential of a spatial microsimulation-based decision support system for policy analysis. The system can be used to describe current conditions and issues in neighbourhoods, predict future trends in the composition and health of neighbourhoods and conduct modelling and predictive analysis to measure the likely impact of policy interventions at the local level. A large dynamic spatial micro-simulation model is being constructed for the population of Leeds (approximately 715,000 individuals) based on spatial microsimulation techniques in conjunction with a range of data, including 2001 Census data for Output Areas and sample data from the British Household Panel Survey. The project has three main aims as follows: (i) to develop a static microsimulation model to describe current conditions in Leeds; (ii) to enable the performance of ‘What if?’ analysis on a range of policy scenarios; and (iii) to develop a dynamic microsimulation model to predict future conditions in Leeds under different policy scenarios. The paper reports progress in meeting the above aims and outlines the associated difficulties and data issues. One of the significant advantages of the spatial microsimulation approach adopted by this project is that it enables the user to query any combination of variables that is deemed desirable for policy analysis. The paper will illustrate the software tool being developed in the context of this project that is capable of carrying out queries of this type and of mapping their results. The decision support tool is being developed to support policy-makers concerned with urban regeneration and neighbourhood renewal.
keywords	Spatial Microsimulation, Spatial Decision Support Systems, Geotools
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	ascaad2004_paper9
id	ascaad2004_paper9
authors	Bennadji, A.; H. Ahriz, and P. Alastair
year	2004
title	Computer Aided Sustainable Design
source	eDesign in Architecture: ASCAAD's First International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design, 7-9 December 2004, KFUPM, Saudi Arabia
summary	One of the most important aspects architects need to consider fairly early on is that of energy saving, cost, thermal comfort and the effect on the environment in terms of CO2 emissions. At present, during the early design stage of a building, different options are assessed using simple tools (tables, graphs and software) that contain a large number of assumptions the very nature of which can bias choice or possibly lead to an inappropriate solution. It can be argued that the only way to provide a rational assessment of options is to use calculation methods that represent in detail the physical processes involved; this usually involves the use of dynamic thermal models. Furthermore if this tool is also used during detailed design it would introduce a consistency that is normally absent from the analytical design process. Many designers are of the opinion that, because not all details are known, then such tools are not suitable for application at early stages in the design. This view can be challenged because, even at the concept stage, a great deal is known about a building. This paper aims to show that a general description of a building can be used to generate sufficient data to drive a valid analysis using a detailed thermal model at the early sketch stage of the design process. The paper describes the philosophy, methodology and the interface developed to achieve this aim. The interface guides the user through the input process using a series of screens giving options for keywords used to describe the building; comprehensive default data built into the software are then attached to these keywords. The resulting data file is a building description that is the best possible interpretation of the design intent. This can then be used to assess options and guide towards a final design.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

_id	cf2011_p157
id	cf2011_p157
authors	Boton, Conrad; Kubicki Sylvain, Halin Gilles
year	2011
title	Understanding Pre-Construction Simulation Activities to Adapt Visualization in 4D CAD Collaborative Tools
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 477-492.
summary	Increasing productivity and efficiency is an important issue in the AEC field. This area is mainly characterized by fragmentation, heterogeneous teams with low lifetimes and many uncertainties. 4D CAD is one of the greatest innovations in recent years. It consists in linking a 3D model of the building with the works planning in order to simulate the construction evolution over time. 4D CAD can fill several needs from design to project management through constructivity analysis and tasks planning (Tommelein 2003). The literature shows that several applications have been proposed to improve the 4D CAD use (Chau et al. 2004; Lu et al. 2007; Seok & al. 2009). In addition, studies have shown the real impact of 4D CAD use in construction projects (Staub-French & Khanzode 2007; Dawood & Sika 2007). More recently, Mahalingam et al. (2010) showed that the collaborative use of 4D CAD is particularly useful during the pre-construction phase for comparing the constructability of working methods, for visually identifying conflicts and clashes (overlaps), and as visual tool for practitioners to discuss and to plan project progress. So the advantage of the 4D CAD collaborative use is demonstrated. Moreover, several studies have been conducted both in the scientific community and in the industrial world to improve it (Zhou et al. 2009; Kang et al. 2007). But an important need that remains in collaborative 4D CAD use in construction projects is about the adaptation of visualization to the users business needs. Indeed, construction projects have very specific characteristics (fragmentation, variable team, different roles from one project to another). Moreover, in the AEC field several visualization techniques can represent the same concept and actors choose one or another of these techniques according to their specific needs related to the task they have to perform. For example, the tasks planning may be represented by a Gantt chart or by a PERT network and the building elements can be depicted with a 3D model or a 2D plan. The classical view (3D + Gantt) proposed to all practitioners in the available 4D tools seems therefore not suiting the needs of all. So, our research is based on the hypothesis that adapting the visualization to individual business needs could significantly improve the collaboration. This work relies on previous ones and aim to develop a method 1) to choose the best suited views for performed tasks and 2) to compose adapted multiple views for each actor, that we call ‚Äúbusiness views‚Äù. We propose a 4 steps-method to compose business views. The first step identifies the users‚Äô business needs, defining the individual practices performed by each actor, identifying his business tasks and his information needs. The second step identifies the visualization needs related to the identified business needs. For this purpose, the user‚Äôs interactions and visualization tasks are described. This enables choosing the most appropriate visualization techniques for each need (step 3). At this step, it is important to describe the visualization techniques and to be able to compare them. Therefore, we proposed a business view metamodel. The final step (step 4) selects the adapted views, defines the coordination mechanisms and the interaction principles in order to compose coordinated visualizations. A final step consists in a validation work to ensure that the composed views really match to the described business needs. This paper presents the latest version of the method and especially presents our latest works about its first and second steps. These include making more generic the business tasks description in order to be applicable within most of construction projects and enabling to make correspondence with visualization tasks.
keywords	Pre-construction, Simulation, 4D CAD, Collaboration, Computer Supported Cooperative Work, Human-Computer Interface, Information visualization, Business view, Model driven engineering
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	eaea2003_11-bremer-sander
id	eaea2003_11-bremer-sander
authors	Bremer, S. and Sander, H.
year	2004
title	View from the Road: Environmental Simulation for the Fractal City of Rhine Ruhr
source	Spatial Simulation and Evaluation - New Tools in Architectural and Urban Design [Proceedings of the 6th European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 80-227-2088-7], pp. 43-47
summary	Highway seems to be more an issue of traffic planning than of urban design. But the highway can be a very important factor for the modern city pattern. Highways shape the spatial form of the fractal city. The modern highway can define new cores outside and “interior edges” within the city. Seen as a planning tool, highways are the great neglected opportunity in city and regional design. The 1st Architecture Biennial, 1ab, taking place from May 2003 to July 2003 in Rotterdam, explores the creative potentials of modern highways worldwide. An international research team discovered the spatial functions of highways in modern agglomerations. This lecture will give an overview of the results of the worldwide analyses and the design projects that had been undertaken. Both authors are members of the German research team. The German team examined the A 42 running through the Ruhrgebiet, a former coal and steal area in western Germany. The Ruhr Area is converting from an industrially orientated region to an agglomeration of high technology and science. But the regional image remains the same due to the fact that the changes cannot be seen, neither physically, nor from the road. Here, the highway could be used as a catalyst supporting and structuring the spatial changes to make them more legible for the people of Rhine-Ruhr. The nature becomes the most important tool of highway design. Landscape forms a linkage between the different cities of the region. Together with the A 40 and other local highways the region becomes the most important (and largest) public space of the new Rhine-Ruhr. The highway seen as a work of urban art can be designed only from the perspective of the driving car.
series	EAEA
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

_id	ddss2008-33
id	ddss2008-33
authors	Charlton, James A.; Bob Giddings and Margaret Horne
year	2008
title	A survey of computer software for the urban designprocess
source	H.J.P. Timmermans, B. de Vries (eds.) 2008, Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, ISBN 978-90-6814-173-3, University of Technology Eindhoven, published on CD
summary	Urban design is concerned with the shape, the surface and the physical arrangement of all kinds of urban elements, the basic components that make up the built environment, at the level of buildings, spaces and human activities. It is also concerned with the non-visual aspects of the environment, such as noise, wind and temperature and humidity. The city square is a particular urban element which can take many forms and its geometrical relationships such as maximum dimensions, ratio of width to length and building height to length have been analysed for centuries (Alberti 1475), (Vitruvius 1550), (Sitte 1889), (Corbett 2004). Within the current urban design process there are increasing examples of three dimensional computer representations which allow the user to experience a visual sense of the geometry of city squares in an urban landscape. Computer-aided design and Virtual Reality technologies have recently contributed to this visual assessment, but there have been limited attempts at 3D computer representations which allow the user to experience a greater sense of the urban space. This paper will describe a survey of computer tools which could support a more holistic approach to urban design and which could be used to simulate a number of urban texture and urban quality aspects. It will provide a systematic overview of currently available software that could support the simulation of building density, height, colour and style as well as conditions relating to noise, shading, heat, natural and artificial light. It will describe a methodology for the selection and filtering of appropriate computer applications and offer an initial evaluation of these tools for the analysis and representation of the three-dimensional geometry, urban texture and urban quality of city centre spaces. The paper is structured to include an introduction to the design criteria relating to city centre spaces which underpins this research. Next the systematic review of computer software will be described, and selected tools will undergo initial evaluation. Finally conclusions will be drawn and areas for future research identified.
keywords	Urban design, Software identification, 3D modelling, Pedestrian modelling, Wind modelling, Noise mapping, Thermal comfort, VR Engine
series	DDSS
last changed	2008/09/01 17:06

_id	ddss2004_ra-145
id	ddss2004_ra-145
authors	Devisch, O.T.J., H.J.P. Timmermans, T.A. Arentze, and A.W.J. Borgers
year	2004
title	Towards a Generic MultiAgent Engine for the Simulation of Spatial Behavioural Processes
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Recent Advances in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN: 1-4020-2408-8, p. 145-160
summary	SwarmCity is being developed as a micro-simulation model, simulating the location-choice behaviour of a population of households, retailers, firms, developers, etc. reacting to an urban plan. The focus of SwarmCity lies –in a first phase- on the decision-making procedures of households, conceptualised as a series of three processes: awakening, search and choice. The methodology used to implement these processes makes use of life-time utility and decisionanalysis trees. The final model should work as a scenario-analysis tool, allowing planners, developers, retailers and municipalities to test interventionproposals, to evaluate legislations, to measure the attractiveness of services, to quantify residential mobility, etc. This paper illustrates the state of the art in household location-choice modelling and introduces a first attempt in developing a conceptual framework.
keywords	Micro Simulation, Multi-Agent Systems, Spatial Simulation Models, Scenario Analysis, Heuristic Decision-Making, Location-Choice Behaviour, DecisionAnalysis Trees, Residential Mobility, Lifetime Utility
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	2004_500
id	2004_500
authors	Hanzl, Malgorzata and Wrona, Stefan
year	2004
title	Visual Simulation as a Tool for Planning Education - Computer Aided Participation Support
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.500
source	Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 500-507
summary	Contemporary computer techniques offer many new opportunities to engage citizens into the planning process. There are new possibilities of interaction, introducing an observer into the “game”. The research project presented in the paper assumes the use of a visual 3D language which consists of a series of schematic types of buildings. They form a language which is easy to understand both by professionals and by laymen. Understanding is the very first step towards getting convinced by the ideas presented. The next step is interaction - the user’s action induces the response of the system. The solution proposed by the user meets an evaluation from the part of the system which evokes the user’s interest - in the case presented here the evaluation introduces the simulation of future state of the site. The problem posed is to find out the best way to convince people that some places are less or more suitable for settlement, depending on the media present there, distance from the urban areas and the environment protection. The attempt to create a tool which could be helpful in an educational process is described in the paper. The idea is to prepare a form of a master plan record which uses the visual 3D language and may be accessed via World Wide Web pages. The paper formulates the assessments for the software described above and examines the possibility to create an application. The trial to prepare a web based service using the flash and shockwave technology is presented.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	eaea2003_0
id	eaea2003_0
authors	Kardos, P. and Urland, U. (Eds.)
year	2004
title	SPATIAL SIMULATION AND EVALUATION - NEW TOOLS IN ARCHITECTURAL AND URBAN DESIGN
source	Proceedings of the 6th European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 80-227-2088-7, 144 p.
summary	The 5th eaea Conference in Essen yielded four principal findings: • After having been limited to endoscopic picture and film renderings of analog scaled models, the european architectural endoscopy association (eaea) first bridged the gap to digital environmental simulations at this conference. It is not about a better or correct method, but a suitable method of representing the planned reality of a particular project using ways that make sense. The combination of digital and analog simulation media is a source of impetus to the user of both methods. The future belongs to the casespecific application and the numerous integration possibilities of the two different media. • In investigating the perception of pictures produced in both analog and digital form, it was ascertained that it was only after greater effort that the same level of pleasing qualities were achieved in the digital world, compared to pictures of analog scaled models. It seems that for many planning phases model-based pictures are superior to digital photos – with regards to economy, quality of representation and imaginative attributes. This last point seems to be especially important in the draft planning stages: the less sharp a picture is, the more remaining room for viewer interpretation there is. In particular, the high degree of precision characteristic of digital simulations no longer allows room for imagination in the individual viewer. • 3D environmental simulations will increasingly be incorporated with success in architecture and urban design courses at universities and colleges both here in Germany as well as abroad. The further spread of these techniques to other universities and colleges is desirable. Over and above application as a pedagogic tool, the use of these simulations by architects and city planners, private planning agencies and municipal planning administrators will also be in evidence in the future – for checking designs, for informing the involved parties, for establishing the decisions of government bodies, for marketing the project. • Also, the interactive use of endoscopic simulation facilities continually opens new fields of research – whether it be for registering subjective distance perception, whether it be for determining orientation possibilities in open spaces.
series	EAEA
type	normal paper
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

_id	ddss2004_d-157
id	ddss2004_d-157
authors	Krafta, R.
year	2004
title	Space is the Machine, with a Ghost Inside
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Developments in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Eindhoven: Eindhoven University of Technology, ISBN 90-6814-155-4, p. 157-173
summary	The purpose of this paper is to report efforts towards the construction of a model for urban spatial dynamics simulation, based on multi-agents and space. The underlying idea is to have urban space producers and consumers operating in a two-layer, two-circuit model. The first layer holds urban space and its successive transformations; a second layer contains agents related to space; the first circuit simulates space production, and a second one simulates space consumption. Relationship between layers is represented as objective spatial features that agents are submitted to (the machine) and subjective meanings agents attach to each spatial feature (the ghost). While space works always in the same way, meanings vary according to each agent’s background and context. Relationships between circuits are represented by means of a market game in which producers try to maximize their profits by gambling with their risks, whereas consumers try to foresee the spatial distribution of local externalities that maximizes their utilities and investments. Urban Spatial Features are captured through centrality and land use patterns; every single agent’s action leads to changes in both patterns. Producers’ profit is a function of built form location. Consumers’ local externalities are concerned basically with present and future services. The model iteration is twofold: first it generates and allocates a number of built forms within a previously determined spatial system (a cellular matrix, for example), and second it allocates users to built forms. Population of users have its social profile and growth rate externally determined. Built form allocation is decided on the basis of a combination of profitXrisk perspectives. Users’ locational choice is supported by accessibility to services and present/future neighbourhood profile. Built form allocation works as parameter for users’ locational assessment, whereas users’ choices are used as parameters for developers. The model tends to adjust itself, in terms of quantities and types of built forms to be erected, although through a market lag of some iterations. Allocations are always made through weighted draws, so that mutations (non deterministic allocations) do occur.
keywords	Urban Morphology, Urban Growth, Simulation
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	sigradi2004_420
id	sigradi2004_420
authors	Leandro do Nascimento Vieira; Patrick Goltsman Moreno; Míriam Struchiner; Blanche Christine Bitner-Mathé
year	2004
title	Inovações gráficas para um sistema interativo de aprendizagem em genética clássica [Graphical Innovations for an Interactive Learning System in Classic Genetics]
source	SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary	With the continuous advancement of scientific knowledge more attention has been paid to the accuracy and consistency of graphic representation in Science Education. In addition, the dissemination of web based distance education has increased the development of new educational material and tools; nevertheless many of them have poor efficacy due to the lack of a design that integrates the interdisciplinary needs of the educational project into product planning and development. This paper presents the results of the design of a constructivist computer based learning environment (WEB based or CD-ROM) aimed at the teaching and learning of Classic Genetics. The analyses of results revealed that the prototype design was approved by specialists in the fields of Genetics, Educational Technology, and Informatics; it was also perceived as a powerful learning tool by students.
keywords	Layout, Design, Genetics, E-learning
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:54

_id	ddss2004_ra-263
id	ddss2004_ra-263
authors	Lindekens, J.
year	2004
title	REDUCTION MECHANISMS EXPLORED IN ARCHITECTURAL RE-DESIGN
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Recent Advances in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN: 1-4020-2408-8, p. 263-278
summary	Observation of the design process of an architect shows that, while building up an argumentation for taking a design decision, different mechanisms of data transformation are used. The paper argues that this transformation is a key element in understanding architectural design processes. A theoretical description of these mechanisms forms the framework to discus a sequence of design decisions derived from a real-world design situation. After outlining how this can be implemented in a case-based design supporting tool, the paper concludes with a discussion of advantages and downsides the use of the tool might entail.
keywords	Architectural Re-Design, Design Process, Case-Based Design, Reduction Mechanisms
series	DDSS
type	normal paper
last changed	2004/07/03 23:20

_id	ddss2004_ra-129
id	ddss2004_ra-129
authors	Ma, L., Th. Arentze, A. Borgers, and H. Timmermans
year	2004
title	Using Bayesian Decision Networks for Knowledge Representation under Conditions of Uncertainty in Multi-Agent Land Use Simulation Models
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Recent Advances in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN 1-4020-24088, p. 129-144
summary	Land suitability analysis typically involves the assessment of the suitability of land units without knowing the future spatial distribution of land use. Traditional planning techniques have used “algebraic equations” to express land suitability as a weighted function of suitability scores across multiple criteria. However, the existing multi-criteria evaluation methods do not systematically account for uncertainty about the land use in adjacent and other cells. This paper proposes an alternative approach to land suitability analysis that does address the problem of uncertainty. In particular, Bayesian decision networks are suggested as a means of knowledge representation for agents in a multi-agent land use simulation system. Bayesian decision networks model the uncertainty in terms of probabilities specified in the network representing the expertise of specialists with respect to specific land uses. This paper discusses the approach and illustrates its use in the context of a retail agent.
keywords	Land Suitability Analysis, Multi-Agents, Knowledge Representation, Bayesian Decision Networks
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	401caadria2004
id	401caadria2004
authors	Mitsuo Morozumi, Riken Homma
year	2004
title	Assessment of the Use of 3D-Viewing and Mark-Up Tool for Rich Network Design Communication
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2004.589
source	CAADRIA 2004 [Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 89-7141-648-3] Seoul Korea 28-30 April 2004, pp. 589-600
summary	Though there have been many successful examples of Virtual Design Studio, there still exist unsuccessful cases in which participants felt dissatisfied or even frustrated, especially at synchronous stages of design communication. A discussion that required designers to refer to 3D models was one of the situations where technical support was insufficient to satisfy the expectation of designers. Assuming that an interactive viewing of 3D models and use of a mark-up utility on a shared PC window could enhance such design communications (though this also requires network bandwidth and computational power) the author conducted experiments in design discussion between two designers to test the capability and effects of these tools for network collaborations. This paper discusses the framework and results of the experiments, and proposes the next step for system developments.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	ijac20042403
id	ijac20042403
authors	Morozumi, Mitsuo; Homma, Riken
year	2004
title	Assessment of the Use of 3D-Viewing and Mark-up Tool for Rich Network Design Communication
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 2 - no. 4, 462-473
summary	Though there have been many successful examples of Virtual Design Studio, there still exist unsuccessful cases in which participants felt dissatisfied or even frustrated, especially at synchronous stages of design_communication. A discussion that required designers to refer to 3D models was one of the situations where technical support was insufficient to satisfy the expectation of designers. Assuming that an interactive viewing of 3D models and use of a markup utility on a shared PC window could enhance such design communications (though this also requires network bandwidth and computational power) the author conducted experiments in design discussion between two designers to test the capability and effects of these tools for network collaborations. This paper discusses the framework and results of the experiments, and proposes the next step for system developments.
series	journal
email
more	http://www.multi-science.co.uk/ijac.htm
last changed	2007/03/04 07:08

_id	ddss2004_ra-193
id	ddss2004_ra-193
authors	Ohgai, A., Y. Gohnai, S. Ikaruga, M. Murakami, and K. Watanabe
year	2004
title	Japan Cellular Automata Modeling for Fire Spreading as a Tool to Aid CommunityBased Planning for Disaster Mitigation
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Recent Advances in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN: 1-4020-2408-8, p. 193-209
summary	As a tool to support collaboration in community-based planning for disaster mitigation in Japanese old wooden built-up areas, we attempt to develop a fire spreading simulation model incorporated a fire fighting activity using Cellular Automata (CA). The proposed model can deal with the process of fire spreading in a building that traditional models can not represent. Whether or not fire can spread is based on a stochastic calculation process to reproduce uncertain fire spreading. The errors caused by the stochastic factor are analyzed by carrying out simulation two or more times under the same condition. Moreover, the reproductivity of the model is examined by comparing simulation results with actual fire records.
keywords	Community-Based Planning for Disaster Mitigation, Fire Spreading, Fire Fighting Activity, Cellular Automata Modeling, Planning Support Tool
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	eaea2003_10-schmidt
id	eaea2003_10-schmidt
authors	Schmidt, J.A.
year	2004
title	Integrated Planning and Decision-making Processes with 3D-environmental Simulation – The Ruhrallee Tunnel Road
source	Spatial Simulation and Evaluation - New Tools in Architectural and Urban Design [Proceedings of the 6th European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 80-227-2088-7], pp. 36-42
summary	The Ruhrallee is a historical arterial road connecting the wealthy south of the city of Essen with the region south of the city. The old sycamore alley gives the low-density residential neighborhood its spatial qualities and its own identity. But the spatial and social potentials are not legible and livable due to the heavy traffic on the existing road cutting the neighborhood. The street cannot assume its spatial function. Therefore the City of Essen and the Federal Government want to build a tunnel road under the existing street, in order to improve the situation for the neighborhood. The Institute for Urban Design and Planning in cooperation with the Institute for Traffic Planning at the University of Duisburg-Essen carried through an evaluation of various scenarios in terms of traffic flow and visual intrusion of the planned tunnel road as well as the refurbished old street space. The main focus of the study is the integration of the tunnel entrance and the proposed road alignment into the existing urban fabric. The 3D-environmental simulation plays a key role in the analyses, the planning and design process, but also in the decision making process. The paper examines the results of the analyses and the various design schemes. It shows that analogue simulation is still an important tool for urban design and other related planning disciplines. But the paper also points out that 3D-environmental simulation can help to make urban design topics more comprehensible for other non planning disciplines.
series	EAEA
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

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