Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	eaea2003_21-ws-bartik
id	eaea2003_21-ws-bartik
authors	Bartik, R.
year	2004
title	The Model of the Town Hradec Kralove 2000
source	Spatial Simulation and Evaluation - New Tools in Architectural and Urban Design [Proceedings of the 6th European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 80-227-2088-7], pp. 103-105
summary	The work on this model is a unique case not only with regard to its extent but predominantly to the implementation of the most up-to-date model production technologies developed on the basis of research activities in the Institute of Model Design, Faculty of Architecture, Czech Technical University in Prague. The construction of the 2000 HK model was ordered on the basis of tender by the Municipality Office of Hradec Králové – Department of the Architect on occasion of the 775th anniversary of the town’s foundation.
series	EAEA
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

_id	cf2011_p157
id	cf2011_p157
authors	Boton, Conrad; Kubicki Sylvain, Halin Gilles
year	2011
title	Understanding Pre-Construction Simulation Activities to Adapt Visualization in 4D CAD Collaborative Tools
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 477-492.
summary	Increasing productivity and efficiency is an important issue in the AEC field. This area is mainly characterized by fragmentation, heterogeneous teams with low lifetimes and many uncertainties. 4D CAD is one of the greatest innovations in recent years. It consists in linking a 3D model of the building with the works planning in order to simulate the construction evolution over time. 4D CAD can fill several needs from design to project management through constructivity analysis and tasks planning (Tommelein 2003). The literature shows that several applications have been proposed to improve the 4D CAD use (Chau et al. 2004; Lu et al. 2007; Seok & al. 2009). In addition, studies have shown the real impact of 4D CAD use in construction projects (Staub-French & Khanzode 2007; Dawood & Sika 2007). More recently, Mahalingam et al. (2010) showed that the collaborative use of 4D CAD is particularly useful during the pre-construction phase for comparing the constructability of working methods, for visually identifying conflicts and clashes (overlaps), and as visual tool for practitioners to discuss and to plan project progress. So the advantage of the 4D CAD collaborative use is demonstrated. Moreover, several studies have been conducted both in the scientific community and in the industrial world to improve it (Zhou et al. 2009; Kang et al. 2007). But an important need that remains in collaborative 4D CAD use in construction projects is about the adaptation of visualization to the users business needs. Indeed, construction projects have very specific characteristics (fragmentation, variable team, different roles from one project to another). Moreover, in the AEC field several visualization techniques can represent the same concept and actors choose one or another of these techniques according to their specific needs related to the task they have to perform. For example, the tasks planning may be represented by a Gantt chart or by a PERT network and the building elements can be depicted with a 3D model or a 2D plan. The classical view (3D + Gantt) proposed to all practitioners in the available 4D tools seems therefore not suiting the needs of all. So, our research is based on the hypothesis that adapting the visualization to individual business needs could significantly improve the collaboration. This work relies on previous ones and aim to develop a method 1) to choose the best suited views for performed tasks and 2) to compose adapted multiple views for each actor, that we call ‚Äúbusiness views‚Äù. We propose a 4 steps-method to compose business views. The first step identifies the users‚Äô business needs, defining the individual practices performed by each actor, identifying his business tasks and his information needs. The second step identifies the visualization needs related to the identified business needs. For this purpose, the user‚Äôs interactions and visualization tasks are described. This enables choosing the most appropriate visualization techniques for each need (step 3). At this step, it is important to describe the visualization techniques and to be able to compare them. Therefore, we proposed a business view metamodel. The final step (step 4) selects the adapted views, defines the coordination mechanisms and the interaction principles in order to compose coordinated visualizations. A final step consists in a validation work to ensure that the composed views really match to the described business needs. This paper presents the latest version of the method and especially presents our latest works about its first and second steps. These include making more generic the business tasks description in order to be applicable within most of construction projects and enabling to make correspondence with visualization tasks.
keywords	Pre-construction, Simulation, 4D CAD, Collaboration, Computer Supported Cooperative Work, Human-Computer Interface, Information visualization, Business view, Model driven engineering
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	2004_333
id	2004_333
authors	Donath, Dirk and Tonn, Christian
year	2004
title	How to Design Colour Schemes? Conceptual Tools for the Architectural Design
source	Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 333-341
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.333
summary	The paper describes the concept and development of software to support the architectural design and planning of colour schemes for interiors and buildings. “Coloured Architecture” is a plausibility instrument for the formulation of colour scheme proposals for building interiors and elevations. In practice colours schemes are arrived at through the production of many different colour design studies before a final colour scheme is decided upon. With the help of intuitively usable light simulations, colour, material and spatial concepts can be assessed realistically. The development concept incorporates numerous aspects which must be considered in the selection of a colour scheme: colour schemes for built environments must be realisable . This initial development prototype already demonstrates the added value possible through the consequent use of CAAD: function, construction and not least design aspects have equal status and can be worked upon in direct relation with one another.
keywords	CAAD, Colour Schemes, Architecture, Planning Process, Plausibility, Added Value, On Site Support
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ijac20032203
id	ijac20032203
authors	Elvin, George
year	2004
title	Integrating Design and Construction with Wearable Computers
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 2 - no. 2
summary	Wearable computers can help bridge the gap betweendesign and construction. They can integrate thesetraditionally separate cultures by improving the flowof information between them. Using a wearablecomputer, design and construction personnel can nowexchange design information quickly and continuouslybetween the point of work on the construction siteand the remote design office. The improved iterationbetween design and construction and much strongerconnection between design personnel andconstruction site afforded by wearable computers maypoint the way to a new kind of integratedarchitectural process. In this study, the goal was todetermine the value of wearable computers inintegrating design and construction by measuringspecific performance characteristics.The resultsinclude findings on productivity, rework andcommunication quality. They reveal that wearablecomputers can improve communication quality andreduce rework, but may have an initially negativeimpact on productivity. These findings suggest thatwearable computers may play a key role in futurebuilding projects, helping to bridge the current dividebetween design and construction.
series	journal
more	http://www.multi-science.co.uk/ijac.htm
last changed	2007/03/04 07:08

_id	sigradi2006_e028c
id	sigradi2006_e028c
authors	Griffith, Kenfield; Sass, Larry and Michaud, Dennis
year	2006
title	A strategy for complex-curved building design:Design structure with Bi-lateral contouring as integrally connected ribs
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 465-469
summary	Shapes in designs created by architects such as Gehry Partners (Shelden, 2002), Foster and Partners, and Kohn Peterson and Fox rely on computational processes for rationalizing complex geometry for building construction. Rationalization is the reduction of a complete geometric shape into discrete components. Unfortunately, for many architects the rationalization is limited reducing solid models to surfaces or data on spread sheets for contractors to follow. Rationalized models produced by the firms listed above do not offer strategies for construction or digital fabrication. For the physical production of CAD description an alternative to the rationalized description is needed. This paper examines the coupling of digital rationalization and digital fabrication with physical mockups (Rich, 1989). Our aim is to explore complex relationships found in early and mid stage design phases when digital fabrication is used to produce design outcomes. Results of our investigation will aid architects and engineers in addressing the complications found in the translation of design models embedded with precision to constructible geometries. We present an algorithmically based approach to design rationalization that supports physical production as well as surface production of desktop models. Our approach is an alternative to conventional rapid prototyping that builds objects by assembly of laterally sliced contours from a solid model. We explored an improved product description for rapid manufacture as bilateral contouring for structure and panelling for strength (Kolarevic, 2003). Infrastructure typically found within aerospace, automotive, and shipbuilding industries, bilateral contouring is an organized matrix of horizontal and vertical interlocking ribs evenly distributed along a surface. These structures are monocoque and semi-monocoque assemblies composed of structural ribs and skinning attached by rivets and adhesives. Alternative, bi-lateral contouring discussed is an interlocking matrix of plywood strips having integral joinery for assembly. Unlike traditional methods of building representations through malleable materials for creating tangible objects (Friedman, 2002), this approach constructs with the implication for building life-size solutions. Three algorithms are presented as examples of rationalized design production with physical results. The first algorithm [Figure 1] deconstructs an initial 2D curved form into ribbed slices to be assembled through integral connections constructed as part of the rib solution. The second algorithm [Figure 2] deconstructs curved forms of greater complexity. The algorithm walks along the surface extracting surface information along horizontal and vertical axes saving surface information resulting in a ribbed structure of slight double curvature. The final algorithm [Figure 3] is expressed as plug-in software for Rhino that deconstructs a design to components for assembly as rib structures. The plug-in also translates geometries to a flatten position for 2D fabrication. The software demonstrates the full scope of the research exploration. Studies published by Dodgson argued that innovation technology (IvT) (Dodgson, Gann, Salter, 2004) helped in solving projects like the Guggenheim in Bilbao, the leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy, and the Millennium Bridge in London. Similarly, the method discussed in this paper will aid in solving physical production problems with complex building forms. References Bentley, P.J. (Ed.). Evolutionary Design by Computers. Morgan Kaufman Publishers Inc. San Francisco, CA, 1-73 Celani, G, (2004) “From simple to complex: using AutoCAD to build generative design systems” in: L. Caldas and J. Duarte (org.) Implementations issues in generative design systems. First Intl. Conference on Design Computing and Cognition, July 2004 Dodgson M, Gann D.M., Salter A, (2004), “Impact of Innovation Technology on Engineering Problem Solving: Lessons from High Profile Public Projects,” Industrial Dynamics, Innovation and Development, 2004 Dristas, (2004) “Design Operators.” Thesis. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2004 Friedman, M, (2002), Gehry Talks: Architecture + Practice, Universe Publishing, New York, NY, 2002 Kolarevic, B, (2003), Architecture in the Digital Age: Design and Manufacturing, Spon Press, London, UK, 2003 Opas J, Bochnick H, Tuomi J, (1994), “Manufacturability Analysis as a Part of CAD/CAM Integration”, Intelligent Systems in Design and Manufacturing, 261-292 Rudolph S, Alber R, (2002), “An Evolutionary Approach to the Inverse Problem in Rule-Based Design Representations”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 329-350 Rich M, (1989), Digital Mockup, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Reston, VA, 1989 Schön, D., The Reflective Practitioner: How Professional Think in Action. Basic Books. 1983 Shelden, D, (2003), “Digital Surface Representation and the Constructability of Gehry’s Architecture.” Diss. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2003 Smithers T, Conkie A, Doheny J, Logan B, Millington K, (1989), “Design as Intelligent Behaviour: An AI in Design Thesis Programme”, Artificial Intelligence in Design, 293-334 Smithers T, (2002), “Synthesis in Designing”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 3-24 Stiny, G, (1977), “Ice-ray: a note on the generation of Chinese lattice designs” Environmental and Planning B, volume 4, pp. 89-98
keywords	Digital fabrication; bilateral contouring; integral connection; complex-curve
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	ddss2004_d-157
id	ddss2004_d-157
authors	Krafta, R.
year	2004
title	Space is the Machine, with a Ghost Inside
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Developments in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Eindhoven: Eindhoven University of Technology, ISBN 90-6814-155-4, p. 157-173
summary	The purpose of this paper is to report efforts towards the construction of a model for urban spatial dynamics simulation, based on multi-agents and space. The underlying idea is to have urban space producers and consumers operating in a two-layer, two-circuit model. The first layer holds urban space and its successive transformations; a second layer contains agents related to space; the first circuit simulates space production, and a second one simulates space consumption. Relationship between layers is represented as objective spatial features that agents are submitted to (the machine) and subjective meanings agents attach to each spatial feature (the ghost). While space works always in the same way, meanings vary according to each agent’s background and context. Relationships between circuits are represented by means of a market game in which producers try to maximize their profits by gambling with their risks, whereas consumers try to foresee the spatial distribution of local externalities that maximizes their utilities and investments. Urban Spatial Features are captured through centrality and land use patterns; every single agent’s action leads to changes in both patterns. Producers’ profit is a function of built form location. Consumers’ local externalities are concerned basically with present and future services. The model iteration is twofold: first it generates and allocates a number of built forms within a previously determined spatial system (a cellular matrix, for example), and second it allocates users to built forms. Population of users have its social profile and growth rate externally determined. Built form allocation is decided on the basis of a combination of profitXrisk perspectives. Users’ locational choice is supported by accessibility to services and present/future neighbourhood profile. Built form allocation works as parameter for users’ locational assessment, whereas users’ choices are used as parameters for developers. The model tends to adjust itself, in terms of quantities and types of built forms to be erected, although through a market lag of some iterations. Allocations are always made through weighted draws, so that mutations (non deterministic allocations) do occur.
keywords	Urban Morphology, Urban Growth, Simulation
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	acadia04_202
id	acadia04_202
authors	Matsushima, Shiro
year	2004
title	Technology-mediated process: case study--MIT Stata Center
source	Fabrication: Examining the Digital Practice of Architecture [Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture and the 2004 Conference of the AIA Technology in Architectural Practice Knowledge Community / ISBN 0-9696665-2-7] Cambridge (Ontario) 8-14 November, 2004, 202-219
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2004.202
summary	Gehry Partners’ (GP) sculptural approach to tectonic form, with its dramatic curves, complex geometry, and idiosyncratic application of materials, seems to have redefined the limits of architecture. The development of a strong formal vocabulary has been achieved by advanced use of information technologies, including CATIA, which allows translation among various tectonic representations, both in physical and digital forms. In addition, the nature of the office has much to do with other changes in the project delivery system, such as the relationships with associate architect, manufacturers, and subcontractors. This paper discusses how new technology changes the design and fabrication process, which has evolved from GP’s milestone project, Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, and how organizational efforts to involve the industry in the design process facilitate the project. Unlike at Bilbao, in the newly-completed Stata Center GP produced all the construction documents. This shift coincided with a gradual change in which GP was becoming involved in the technical aspects of their projects much earlier in the design process. Therefore they had to invest in new working relationships with the construction team, including fabricators, manufacturers, and contractors. The approach of Gehry and his team suggests that architectural practice can be liberated from its conventional arrangements. Although it is still evolving, Gehry has achieved a holistically integrated organizational system where the architect has far more direct interaction with all aspects of design and fabrication.
keywords	design technology, fabrication process, communication protocol
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	515caadria2004
id	515caadria2004
authors	Naai-Jung Shih, Chin-Hui Su
year	2004
title	Manipulation of an Automatic Guided Vehicle with 3D Software and Remote Control
source	CAADRIA 2004 [Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 89-7141-648-3] Seoul Korea 28-30 April 2004, pp. 927-936
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2004.927
summary	The purpose of this research is to build a simulating operation system of automatic guided vehicles (AGV) at a construction site, which including (1) construction path planning system (2) real-time vision information, and (3) simulation system of automatic guided vehicles at the construction site. This paper proposes an efficient method that provides VR-based AGV path guidance with Caligari Truspace 3D software and Python Script. We designed an interactive vision information interface by using LEGO Mindstorms Vision Command combined with Visual Basic ActiveX; and also built an automatic guided vehicle with the functions of obstacle avoidance by LEGO Robotics Invention System. The majority of this research is to develop an effective construction site management model, and develop a construction path planning and a real-time system.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	sigradi2008_166
id	sigradi2008_166
authors	Papanikolaou, Dimitris
year	2008
title	Digital Fabrication Production System Theory: Towards an Integrated Environment for Design and Production of Assemblies
source	SIGraDi 2008 - [Proceedings of the 12th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] La Habana - Cuba 1-5 December 2008
summary	A Digital Fabrication Production System (DFPS) is a concept describing a set of processes, tools, and resources that will be able to produce an artifact according to a design, fast, cheap, and easy, independently of location. A DFPS project is a complex assembly of custom parts that is delivered by a network of fabrication and assembly processes. This network is called the value chain. The workflow concept of a DFPS is the following: begin design process with a custom geometric form; decompose it into constructible parts; send the part files for fabrication to various locations; transport all parts at the construction site at the right time; finally, assemble the final artifact. Conceptually it means that based on a well structured value chain we could build anything we want, at anyplace, at controllable cost and quality. The goals of a DFPS are the following: custom shapes, controllable lead time, controllable quality, controllable cost, easiness of fabrication, and easiness of assembly. Simply stated this means to build any form, anywhere, accurately, cheap, fast, and easy. Unfortunately, the reality with current Digital Fabrication (DF) projects is rather disappointing: They take more time than what was planned, they get more expensive than what was expected, they involve great risk and uncertainty, and finally they are too complex to plan, understand, and manage. Moreover, most of these problems are discovered during production when it is already late for correction. However, there is currently no systematic approach to evaluate difficulty of production of DF projects in Architecture. Most of current risk assessment methods are based on experience gathered from previous similar cases. But it is the premise of mass customization that projects can be radically different. Assembly incompatibilities are currently addressed by building physical mockups. But physical mockups cause a significant loss in both time and cost. All these problems suggest that an introduction of a DFPS for mass customization in architecture needs first an integrated theory of assembly and management control. Evaluating feasibility of a DF project has two main problems: first, how to evaluate assemblability of the design; second, how to evaluate performance of the value chain. Assemblability is a system’s structure problem, while performance is a system’s dynamics problem. Structure of systems has been studied in the field of Systems Engineering by Network Analysis methods such as the Design Structure Matrix (DSM) (Steward 1981), and the liaison graph (Whitney 2004), while dynamics of systems have been studied by System Dynamics (Forrester 1961). Can we define a formal method to evaluate the difficulty of production of an artifact if we know the artifact’s design and the production system’s structure? This paper formulates Attribute Process Methodology (APM); a method for assessing feasibility of a DFPS project that combines Network Analysis to evaluate assemblability of the design with System Dynamics to evaluate performance of the value chain.
keywords	Digital Fabrication, Production System, System Dynamics, Network Analysis, Assembly
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:57

_id	ddss2004_ra-53
id	ddss2004_ra-53
authors	Pettit, C., A. Nelson, and W. Cartwright
year	2004
title	Using On-Line Geographical Visualisation Tools to Improve Land Use Decision-Making with a Bottom-Up Community Participatory Approach
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Recent Advances in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN: 1-4020-2408-8, p. 53-68
summary	This paper examines the development of a prototype suite of on-line integrated multimedia-GIS tools to assist in bottom up decision-making. These tools are being developed in the context of scenario planning to enable the community to actively explore different land use options and the implication of government structure and strategic plans. A case study approach is undertaken, focusing on the Jewell Station Neighbourhood, situated in the City of Moreland, Greater Melbourne Region, Australia. The paper documents the first stage of the project, in developing three land use scenarios delivered through a range of technologies including: VRML, HTML, GIS, Pixmaker and Flash. The paper concludes by outlining the future directions of this research that include: the construction of a virtual sandbox, usability testing, and community consultation.
keywords	Scenario Planning, Geographical Visualisation, GIS, Multimedia, VRML
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	ddss2004_d-241
id	ddss2004_d-241
authors	Shih, S.-C.
year	2004
title	Interoperable Co-Design Supporting System
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Developments in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Eindhoven: Eindhoven University of Technology, ISBN 90-6814-155-4, p. 241-251
summary	The interoperable model of Co-design process and systems characteristics that is required to reduce the adversarial nature of most construction projects. Interoperable Co-Design System was used successfully to complete the Si-soft Research Center of Taiwan. This project-alliancing project was analyzed as a case study to evaluate the validity of the system. Main paradigms of the CoDesign were reviewed and numerous examples from the management of this project were cited that support the theoretical recommendations of this model. It was concluded that the system use wild client/server network architecture embedded with peer-to-peer agent technology to provide an open, familiar and easily extended co-design system.
keywords	Interoperable, Co-Design Support, Distributed Hybrid Agent Architecture, Collaborative Design-Build
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	312caadria2004
id	312caadria2004
authors	Wan-Ping Gao
year	2004
title	Tectonics? A Case Study for Digital Free-Form Architecture
source	CAADRIA 2004 [Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 89-7141-648-3] Seoul Korea 28-30 April 2004, pp. 519-534
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2004.519
summary	During this information age, spatial form in the field of architecture has advanced to a new level. Digital free-form space is commonly seen as the use of computer media has increased. Computers are used in various stages of this process with regard to form, structure, supplies and planning. Many designs seen now are computer generated and have come about as a result of the development and implementation of new computer software and hardware. Tectonic knowledge representation of construction, which emphasizes structural joints and attention to detail in creativity, displays architectural form by means of poetry of construction. However, present day digital architecture emphasizes dynamic surface, with its three-dimensional curves, and the interior and exterior continuity of its topological spaces. This is all quite different from the spatial form produced by traditional tectonics view, making it impossible to explain these modern designs within the field of traditional architecture. This study uses the FEIDAD Award as a basis for analysis, and attempts to define the phenomena and aspects of digital tectonics. This study reflects the technique and mechanism of the process of digital design production, which, through the use of computers, becomes digital tectonics. Digital free-form architecture can only be understood through digital tectonics.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	ddss2004_d-193
id	ddss2004_d-193
authors	Burkhard, R.
year	2004
title	Visual Knowledge Transfer between Planners and Business Decision Makers
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Developments in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Eindhoven: Eindhoven University of Technology, ISBN 90-6814-155-4, p. 193-208
summary	The transfer of knowledge between planners and business decision makers can be improved when planners combine traditional visualizations with business knowledge visualizations. Today architects and urban planners use visualization methods such as sketches, diagrams, drawings, renderings, models and animations to illustrate their projects. While spending an enormous amount of time to illustrate a project, almost no time is used to illustrate business relevant information that decision makers need (i.e., revenue models, risks, return on investments, project phases). Consequences are information overload, misinterpretation or even misuse of information. Juxtaposing the visualizations that planners and decision makers use reveals a major gap: Both groups use different visualization types and are not familiar with the visualization types of each other. This paper stresses the importance to expand the visualization types of planners with business knowledge visualizations. First, it discusses the functioning of visual representations for the transfer of knowledge. Second, it introduces a general knowledge visualization framework. Third, it illustrates examples from an innovative office that improved knowledge transfer with decision makers in urban planning projects. We found that combining traditional visualizations with business knowledge visualizations reduces the information overload, prevents misinterpretation, increases the information quality, improves communication and as a consequence improves decision making. We found that decision makers pay extra for these visualization types, which therefore is a new source of income for planners. The results have implications for the education of future architects.
keywords	Decision Making, Knowledge Transfer, Visualization Types, Interfunctional Communication, Business Knowledge Visualization, Information Visualization
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	ddss2004_ra-247
id	ddss2004_ra-247
authors	Bi, G. and B. Medjdoub
year	2004
title	Hybrid Approach to Solve Space Planning Problems in Building Services
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Recent Advances in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN: 1-4020-2408-8, p. 247-261
summary	In this paper an object-based CAD programming is used to take advantage of standardization to handle the schematic design, sizing, layout for services in a building ceiling void. From the specification of the building 3D model, our software proceeds through different steps; from the determination of the standard number and size of fan coils to the generation of 3D solutions. In order to deal with more complex geometry and larger problems, we have used a hybrid approach: Case Based Reasoning (CBR) within Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) approaches. In practice, engineers in building services use previous solutions and adapt them to new problems. CBR mirrors this practical approach and does help us to deal with increasingly complex geometry effectively, and meanwhile CSP has been used for layout adaptation. The results have shown that it is possible to define and implement standard solutions to produce designs comparable with current practice. The benchmarking exercise has underlined many advantages and made some suggestions for further development. This project is funded by The Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) in UK.
keywords	Case-Based Reasoning, Constraint Satisfaction Problem, Ceiling Voids Layout, Complex Geometry, Large Problem
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	ddss2008-33
id	ddss2008-33
authors	Charlton, James A.; Bob Giddings and Margaret Horne
year	2008
title	A survey of computer software for the urban designprocess
source	H.J.P. Timmermans, B. de Vries (eds.) 2008, Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, ISBN 978-90-6814-173-3, University of Technology Eindhoven, published on CD
summary	Urban design is concerned with the shape, the surface and the physical arrangement of all kinds of urban elements, the basic components that make up the built environment, at the level of buildings, spaces and human activities. It is also concerned with the non-visual aspects of the environment, such as noise, wind and temperature and humidity. The city square is a particular urban element which can take many forms and its geometrical relationships such as maximum dimensions, ratio of width to length and building height to length have been analysed for centuries (Alberti 1475), (Vitruvius 1550), (Sitte 1889), (Corbett 2004). Within the current urban design process there are increasing examples of three dimensional computer representations which allow the user to experience a visual sense of the geometry of city squares in an urban landscape. Computer-aided design and Virtual Reality technologies have recently contributed to this visual assessment, but there have been limited attempts at 3D computer representations which allow the user to experience a greater sense of the urban space. This paper will describe a survey of computer tools which could support a more holistic approach to urban design and which could be used to simulate a number of urban texture and urban quality aspects. It will provide a systematic overview of currently available software that could support the simulation of building density, height, colour and style as well as conditions relating to noise, shading, heat, natural and artificial light. It will describe a methodology for the selection and filtering of appropriate computer applications and offer an initial evaluation of these tools for the analysis and representation of the three-dimensional geometry, urban texture and urban quality of city centre spaces. The paper is structured to include an introduction to the design criteria relating to city centre spaces which underpins this research. Next the systematic review of computer software will be described, and selected tools will undergo initial evaluation. Finally conclusions will be drawn and areas for future research identified.
keywords	Urban design, Software identification, 3D modelling, Pedestrian modelling, Wind modelling, Noise mapping, Thermal comfort, VR Engine
series	DDSS
last changed	2008/09/01 17:06

_id	sigradi2004_420
id	sigradi2004_420
authors	Leandro do Nascimento Vieira; Patrick Goltsman Moreno; Míriam Struchiner; Blanche Christine Bitner-Mathé
year	2004
title	Inovações gráficas para um sistema interativo de aprendizagem em genética clássica [Graphical Innovations for an Interactive Learning System in Classic Genetics]
source	SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary	With the continuous advancement of scientific knowledge more attention has been paid to the accuracy and consistency of graphic representation in Science Education. In addition, the dissemination of web based distance education has increased the development of new educational material and tools; nevertheless many of them have poor efficacy due to the lack of a design that integrates the interdisciplinary needs of the educational project into product planning and development. This paper presents the results of the design of a constructivist computer based learning environment (WEB based or CD-ROM) aimed at the teaching and learning of Classic Genetics. The analyses of results revealed that the prototype design was approved by specialists in the fields of Genetics, Educational Technology, and Informatics; it was also perceived as a powerful learning tool by students.
keywords	Layout, Design, Genetics, E-learning
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:54

_id	412caadria2004
id	412caadria2004
authors	Todspol Tedrumpun, Walaiporn Nakapan
year	2004
title	Site Measurement With Combination of Pocket PC and Global Positioning System for Preliminary Architectural Design Process
source	CAADRIA 2004 [Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 89-7141-648-3] Seoul Korea 28-30 April 2004, pp. 717-726
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2004.717
summary	This paper presents an alternative method of site measurement for an early design phase. In an early design phase, we consider geomantic information, a kind of technical information crucial for design decision, which can be gathered by a survey. The frame work of this project is originated from a problem of Thai architects’ practice, where we propose GPS system for survey solution. In present day, GPS technology presents various tools to use in survey. However, a high precision GPS device is extremely costly. In this paper we propose low cost devices that give information precise enough to use in an early design phase. To increase accuracy of information, differential equation is used to reduce error of signal altered by atmosphere. Also, information from GPS contains world coordinate information: latitude, longitude, altitude and time, which allows creating 2D map and 3D land form. Architect can instantly use results of site information for many purposes, such as on-site meeting, early design planning and layout design.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	203caadria2004
id	203caadria2004
authors	Ying-Chun Hsu, Robert J. Krawczyk
year	2004
title	Space Adjacency Behavior in Space Planning
source	CAADRIA 2004 [Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 89-7141-648-3] Seoul Korea 28-30 April 2004, pp. 253-264
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2004.253
summary	Digitally supported space-planning techniques have been researched and developed for decades. By processing space adjacency data with existing space-planning techniques, an objective space relationship diagram or schematic layout can be produced. These results represent the functional aspect of each project, which can be used as a reference for further design development. With these results, designers can enhance plan layouts with the preferences established by their client or themselves, as well as design styles. In this research, the author proposes a new method of applying personal preference to modify the objective layout, which imitates human interacting behavior as space organizing categories, Space Character.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	sigradi2004_257
id	sigradi2004_257
authors	Antonio Serrato-Combe
year	2004
title	Something 's gotta give' architectural animations
source	SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary	Architectural animations are like Harry Langer, a fifty-something entertainment mogul played by best actor nominee Jack Nicholson in the film Something.s Gotta Give. They.ve been surrounded by plenty of pathetic spiritless gimmicks. And, like Harry in the film, they have suffered a heart attack. Harry did not die. Architectural animations are still around, barely. Something.s wrong with them. When Harry begins to recover, he.s surprised to find himself growing fond of a woman his own age (played by best actress nominee Dianne Keaton). This is precisely what should happen to architectural animations. They need to come to terms with more mature attitudes and approaches. This paper presents a new and different approach to architectural animations. In ninety nine percent of the cases, architectural animations have been produced at the end of the design process, just when architects or architecture students are ready to present their schemes to an audience or client group. All design decisions have been made. All aspects of the architectural solutions have been set. Tectonic qualities, lighting schemes, construction approaches, everything has been cast in stone. The animation is simply shown as a public relations gesture to broadcast to the audience that the design team is digitally savvy and uses the latest technologies. The proposition contained herein is that animations be used throughout the design process, that is, from beginning to end.
series	SIGRADI
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	acadia11_138
id	acadia11_138
authors	Buell, Samantha; Shaban, Ryan; Corte, Daniel; Beorkrem, Christopher
year	2011
title	Zero-waste, Flat Pack Truss Work: An Investigation of Responsive Structuralism
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 138-143
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.138
summary	The direct and rapid connections between scripting, modeling and prototyping allow for investigations of computation in fabrication. The manipulation of planar materials with two-dimensional CNC cuts can easily create complex and varied forms, volumes, and surfaces. However, the bulk of research on folding using CNC fabrication tools is focused upon surfaces, self-supporting walls and shell structures, which do not integrate well into more conventional building construction models.This paper attempts to explain the potential for using folding methodologies to develop structural members through a design-build process. Conventional building practice consists of the assembly of off-the-shelf parts. Many times, the plinth, skeleton, and skin are independently designed and fabricated, integrating multiple industries. Using this method of construction as an operative status quo, this investigation focused on a single structural component: the truss. A truss is defined as: “A triangulated arrangement of structural members that reduces nonaxial external forces to a set of axial forces in its members.” (Allen and Iano 2004)Using folding methodologies and sheet steel to create a truss, this design investigation employed a recyclable and prolific building material to redefine the fabrication of a conventional structural member. The potential for using digital design and two-dimensional CNC fabrication tools in the design of a foldable truss from sheet steel is viable in the creation of a flat-packed, minimal waste structural member that can adapt to a variety of aesthetic and structural conditions. Applying new methods to a component of the conventional ‘kit of parts’ allowed for a novel investigation that recombines zero waste goals, flat-packing potential, structural expression and computational processes.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

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