Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ddss2004_d-269
id	ddss2004_d-269
authors	Beetz, J., J. van Leeuwen, and B. de Vries
year	2004
title	Towards a Multi Agent System for the Support of Collaborative Design
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Developments in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Eindhoven: Eindhoven University of Technology, ISBN 90-6814-155-4, p. 269-280
summary	In this paper we are drafting the outline of a framework for a Multi Agent System (MAS) for the support of Collaborative Design in the architectural domain. The system we are proposing makes use of Machine Learning (ML) techniques to infer personalized knowledge from observing a users’ action in a generic working environment using standard tools such as CAD packages. We introduce and discuss possible strategies to combine Concept Modelling (CM)-based approaches using existing ontologies with statistical analysis of action sequences within a domain specific application. In a later step, Agent technologies will be used to gather additional related information from external resources such as examples of similar problems on the users hard disk, from corresponding work of team-members within an intranet or from advises of expert from different knowledge domains, themselves represented by agents. As users deny or reward resulting proposals offered by the agent(s) through an interface the system will be enhanced over time using methods like Reinforced Learning.
keywords	Multi Agent Systems, Design & Decision Support Systems, Collaborative Design, Human Computer Interfaces, Machine learning, Data Mining
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	503caadria2004
id	503caadria2004
authors	Jin Kook Lee, Hyun-Soo Lee
year	2004
title	HCIS: the Housing Context Inference System Model for Smart Space
source	CAADRIA 2004 [Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 89-7141-648-3] Seoul Korea 28-30 April 2004, pp. 759-776
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2004.759
summary	This research is about the basic methods in making computers understand human behavior in an architectural space in regards to reaction to interaction between the machine and human. Its ultimate objective is to analyze the related technology making this series of works possible synthetically on the basis of information system within architectural territoriality. In the end it is expected to offer a theoretical basis to embody smart space, up-to-date and intelligent architectural space. There are two issues that motivate this research: what are the Housing Context and its Inference System, and how smart space can infer the Housing Context and react with proper response. The Husing Context consists of 1) state of user, 2) state of physical environment, 3) state of computational environment, 4) history of user-environment interaction and 5) architectural territoriality. Especially, spatial information of architectural territoriality is a significant key of HCIS. Spatial divisions and boundaries made of architectural elements or facilities determinate their own micro-territorialities. Ontologies are used to describe the Housing Context predicate. In this paper, we can say that the Housing Context and the Housing Log(history of user-environment interaction, a set of the Housing Context) written by ontologies can be a beneficial model of HCIS. Furthermore, we can develop the Housing Log Databases and its variable applications that have enabled to make simulating and analyzing tool of design, the Augmented Web Presence and the other helpful applications.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	2004_586
id	2004_586
authors	Voigt, A., Martens, B. and Linzer, H.
year	2004
title	City Simulator - A Multi-dimensional VR-Simulation Environment
source	Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 586-592
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.586
summary	Whether in splendid rural isolation or in an urban area, settlement and building structures always are exposed to the public. Questions as to the future design of our vital space basically always concern the public and thus call for a great deal of discussion. Launching a well-balanced debate between all those involved in the planning and design process requires clear exemplification of urban-spatial visions by means of simulation. A simulation device - called “City Simulator” - suited to conveying the multitude of spatial relations within the urban configuration and for developing urban-spatial ideas would fulfil such expectations. The complexity of the information required in this context can be coped with effectively by means of computer-aided simulation techniques focusing on digital city models. Thus the implementation of a “City Simulator” may be regarded as a decisive tool for the purpose. As those involved in the process normally consider themselves absolute novices within the context of complex planning processes, the simulator will to some extent act as a “translation machine”. This paper is based on a project proposal which has been submitted by the authors aimed at the acquisition of a “City Simulator” at Vienna University of Technology in the near future.
keywords	3D City Models; Simulation; Virtual Reality; Visualization; Communication
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	512caadria2004
id	512caadria2004
authors	Chyi-Gang Kuo, Hsuan-Cheng Lin, Yang-Ting Shen, Tay-Sheng Jeng
year	2004
title	Mobile Augmented Reality for Spatial Information Exploration
source	CAADRIA 2004 [Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 89-7141-648-3] Seoul Korea 28-30 April 2004, pp. 891-900
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2004.891
summary	In this paper, we present an augmented reality system that integrates real and virtual worlds for outdoor sustainable education in campus. We develop a mobile spatially-aware computational device as a visualization aid to students learning outdoors. We apply the mobile augmented reality technology to a newly constructed ecological garden in our campus. Users can virtually see the underlying water cycling system outdoors and map the virtual objects to physical reality through embodied interaction with the computational device. The objective is to make invisible information visible to users to extend interactions with our “living” environment. Keywords : Augmented Reality, Mixed Reality, Mobil Computing, Information Exploration.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	sigradi2004_104
id	sigradi2004_104
authors	Tamara Tania Cohen Egler; Gabriela Santa Cruz Neves
year	2004
title	Arquitetura e urbanismo na sociedade do conhecimento [Architecture and Urbanism in the Knowledge Society]
source	SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary	The purpose of the present study is to examine the future of teaching of architecture and urbanism given to the knowledge-society that asks for changes and demands reflex ion over the possibilities of a new pedagogy to create new possibilities of social inclusion in knowledge over spatial processes. The present study proposes to examine the specifics of new technologies, the transformations of the pedagogic order into new forms of decoupages of objects of knowledge of production of contents of learning, of availability of knowledge and of the democratization of accessibility. The debate over the transformation of information in knowledge by the utilization of digital techniques is open and we find positions in favor and against. Teaching by technological methods is a reality that must be established with intensity in the future, given production costs and the potentiality of education for all, the challenge is to establish new channels of dialogue between the university and the society.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 10:01

_id	ascaad2006_paper29
id	ascaad2006_paper29
authors	Bennadji, A. and A. Bellakha
year	2006
title	Evaluation of a Higher Education Self-learning Interface
source	Computing in Architecture / Re-Thinking the Discourse: The Second International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2006), 25-27 April 2006, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
summary	This paper is a follow-up to a previous paper published in ASCAAD 2004 (A. Bennadji et al 2005). The latter reported on CASD (Computer Aided Sustainable Design) a self-learning educational interface which assists the various building’s actors in their design with a particular attention to the aspect of energy saving. This paper focuses on the importance of software evaluation and how the testing is done to achieve a better human-machine interaction. The paper will go through the summative evaluation of CASD, presents the output of this evaluation and addresses the challenge facing software developers: how to make an interface accessible to all users and specifically students in higher education.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

_id	204caadria2004
id	204caadria2004
authors	Chieh-Jen Lin, Mao-Lin Chiu
year	2004
title	Design Knowledge Discovery in Cases - The Machine View Vs. the Human View
source	CAADRIA 2004 [Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 89-7141-648-3] Seoul Korea 28-30 April 2004, pp. 265-274
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2004.265
summary	In the previous study, we had applied the data mining techniques and ontology methodology to develop a keyword-based schema to extract and represent the implicit information within a case library, Case Base for Architecture (CBA). To improve the ability of our keyword-based schema on extracting and representing design knowledge within cases, we proceeded some experiments to understand the design’s mental behaviors in extracting knowledge from cases. Through protocol analysis, we attempted to establish a knowledge discovery model of extracting design knowledge from cases, and to propose methods to apply this model to improve our keyword-based schema. Through collecting adjective keywords to restructure our design dictionary, we attempt to make our system more sensitive to design knowledge, and more sensitive to user’s intensions by extending the ontology of our keyword list.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ddss2004_d-157
id	ddss2004_d-157
authors	Krafta, R.
year	2004
title	Space is the Machine, with a Ghost Inside
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Developments in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Eindhoven: Eindhoven University of Technology, ISBN 90-6814-155-4, p. 157-173
summary	The purpose of this paper is to report efforts towards the construction of a model for urban spatial dynamics simulation, based on multi-agents and space. The underlying idea is to have urban space producers and consumers operating in a two-layer, two-circuit model. The first layer holds urban space and its successive transformations; a second layer contains agents related to space; the first circuit simulates space production, and a second one simulates space consumption. Relationship between layers is represented as objective spatial features that agents are submitted to (the machine) and subjective meanings agents attach to each spatial feature (the ghost). While space works always in the same way, meanings vary according to each agent’s background and context. Relationships between circuits are represented by means of a market game in which producers try to maximize their profits by gambling with their risks, whereas consumers try to foresee the spatial distribution of local externalities that maximizes their utilities and investments. Urban Spatial Features are captured through centrality and land use patterns; every single agent’s action leads to changes in both patterns. Producers’ profit is a function of built form location. Consumers’ local externalities are concerned basically with present and future services. The model iteration is twofold: first it generates and allocates a number of built forms within a previously determined spatial system (a cellular matrix, for example), and second it allocates users to built forms. Population of users have its social profile and growth rate externally determined. Built form allocation is decided on the basis of a combination of profitXrisk perspectives. Users’ locational choice is supported by accessibility to services and present/future neighbourhood profile. Built form allocation works as parameter for users’ locational assessment, whereas users’ choices are used as parameters for developers. The model tends to adjust itself, in terms of quantities and types of built forms to be erected, although through a market lag of some iterations. Allocations are always made through weighted draws, so that mutations (non deterministic allocations) do occur.
keywords	Urban Morphology, Urban Growth, Simulation
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	2004_112
id	2004_112
authors	Norman, Frederick
year	2004
title	Digital to Analog - Exploring Digital Processes of Making
source	Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 112-118
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.112
summary	This focus this paper is the translation of a digital information model that defines an object’s surface properties and its connection to that which is real or physical. This research, while early in its investigation, seeks to explore architecture and digital design as a material process. The direct connection to output devices such as computer-numerically controlled routers provide a unique opportunity for controlled variation and serial differentiation and seeks to exploit mass customization rather than standardization. Through a series of studies the process from design to machine file to finish product is explored. This connection to digitally driven fabrication equipment creates within the design process an opportunity to realize ones designs both digitally and materially.
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	sigradi2004_254
id	sigradi2004_254
authors	Airton Cattani
year	2004
title	Recursos de animação digital para aprendizagem de leitura de plantas [Digital Animation Resources for Learning the Understanding of Architectural Drawings]
source	SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary	This paper discusses the evolution of the technical resources employed in a website destined for the professional formation of constructors workers throught the interpretation of plans. Developed as a doctoral thesis in the Ph.D. program of Information Technology in Education, the reconstruction of the website is assimilating new resourses of digital animation, allowing a richer and more significative interaction, acording to the principles of Piaget's theory on constructivism that oriented the project's development.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	ascaad2004_paper12
id	ascaad2004_paper12
authors	Al-Qawasmi, Jamal
year	2004
title	Reflections on e-Design: The e-Studio Experience
source	eDesign in Architecture: ASCAAD's First International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design, 7-9 December 2004, KFUPM, Saudi Arabia
summary	The influence of digital media and information technology on architectural design education and practice is increasingly evident. The practice and learning of architecture is increasingly aided by and dependant on digital media. Digital technologies not only provide new production methods, but also expand our abilities to create, explore, manipulate and compose space. In contemporary design education, there is a continuous demand to deliver new skills in digital media and to rethink architectural design education in the light of the new developments in digital technology. During the academic years 2001-2003, I had the chance to lead the efforts to promote an effective use of digital media for design education at Department of Architecture, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST). Architectural curriculum at JUST dedicated much time for teaching computing skills. However, in this curriculum, digital media was taught in the form of "software use" education. In this context, digital media is perceived and used mainly as a presentation tool. Furthermore, Computer Aided Architectural Design and architectural design are taught in separate courses without interactions between the two.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

_id	sigradi2004_353
id	sigradi2004_353
authors	Alice Theresinha Cybis Pereira; Berenice Santos Gonçalves
year	2004
title	O ambiente virtual de aprendizagem em arquitetura e design da UFSC - Do projeto à realidade [The Virtual Learning Environment in Architecture and Design at UFSC – From Project to Reality]
source	SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary	This article presents the theoretical basis and the structure that supports the virtual learning process on a collaborative environment for Architecture and Design: VLE-AD. The virtual environment is modelled based on the presuppositions of the Problems Based Learning (PBL) and on the distance collaboration based with the fundamentals of constructivism and socio-interacionism. A specific environment for problems resolution is offered together with syncronic and assyncronic communication tools. The site is structured with learning activities in several modalities: contents, exercises and problems. The evaluation was preformed with the on-line course .Color applied in Graphical Design..The results has proven to be very positive for design and architecture distant learning in applying the tripod: Communication and Information Technology, Theoretical contents and Problems. The online participation and the resolution steps of the problems has been highlighted as a main factor to improve learning and avoid the ghost of loneliness pointed by students from some distant learning courses and responsible for the high number of abandonment.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	sigradi2004_143
id	sigradi2004_143
authors	Andrés Cavieres; Christian Beros; Maria Loreto Flores; Marcelo Quezada; Osvaldo Zorzano
year	2004
title	Capacitación docente en tecnologías de información y comunicación hacia la conformación de redes colaborativas de trabajo/aprendizaje [Faculty Development in Information Technology and Communication Towards the Creation of Collaborative Working and Learning Networks]
source	SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary	The Academic Upgrade Program (.Capacitación Docente.) is been developed in the contexto of a MECESUP project (government funding assignments for education) at the FAU of Universidad de Chile. This program is about upgrading knowledge and user capabilities in Information and Communication Technologies (IT) of our academic team, in order to improve our pedagogical model, and to include these IT into the learning-teaching process for Architecture, Design and Geography. Considering that new technologies are part of the contemporary professional development and they are already included in high school in Chile, they should be part of the university academic environment as well, as an important tool and a link between generations, careers, and stages of education. Estimulating a cultural transformation process in the academic team, promoting transversal network thinking and to generate a base of knowledge in digital culture are our main objectives. This is our contribution to a new academic model, which we need in deed.
keywords	Colaborative Learning, IT, Knowledge Management
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	410caadria2004
id	410caadria2004
authors	Chiung-Hui Chen, Hui-Tin Lin, Mao-Lin Chiu
year	2004
title	A Scenario-Based Agent System for Digital City Interaction
source	CAADRIA 2004 [Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 89-7141-648-3] Seoul Korea 28-30 April 2004, pp. 693-706
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2004.693
summary	Urban design involves coordination and communication for collecting consensus among citizens and developing the design strategy and spatial program. While these are web-based systems for representing the real world actions, there is lack of human interaction for receiving feedbacks during the process. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to introduce the agents into the participatory design process (PDP) based on scenarios. This paper has developed a webbased system prototype to demonstrate how the agent can interact with users and how the interface facilitates incremental design. We present a participatory design project in an old street to illustrate how the Scenario-Based Agent System (SBAS) model functions in a real application. Meanwhile, four issues will be discussed in regarding with building a learning interaction agent as an actor.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	1366
id	1366
authors	Heylighen, Ann; Neuckermans, Herman; Casaer, Mathias
year	2004
title	ICT REVISITED - FROM INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION TO INTEGRATING CURRICULA?
source	ITcon Vol. 9, Special Issue Digital Media Libraries, pg. 101-120, [ISSN 1400-6529]
summary	The paper presents a longitudinal study on the iterative implementation and testing of a support tool for precedent-based design. DYNAMO—Dynamic Architectural Memory On-line—was originally conceived as an interactive workhouse to stimulate and support student and professional architects in learning from previous design experience as encapsulated by concrete design projects. Five years after its baptism of fire, the paper looks back on how DYNAMO’s role has gradually evolved from an information and communication platform to an instrument for improving curriculum integration through a process of cumulative knowledge development. After briefly recalling the underlying ideas of DYNAMO and their stepwise implementation as an operational platform, a series of case studies documents how the platform has been brought into action in different contexts—within, across and beyond architecture schools. Besides valuable feedback on DYNAMO’s prototype, these case studies have generated more general insights regarding design and design tool support, which largely transcend the platform as such.
keywords	architecture, ICT, design support, digital media libraries
series	other
type	normal paper
email
more	http://www.itcon.org/2004/7
last changed	2005/01/26 22:46

_id	307caadria2004
id	307caadria2004
authors	Ih-Cheng Lai
year	2004
title	A Teaching Model for Integrating Conventional Design Curriculum with Digital Media
source	CAADRIA 2004 [Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 89-7141-648-3] Seoul Korea 28-30 April 2004, pp. 467-476
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2004.467
summary	This paper presents a teaching model called “e-Space” for integrating conventional design curriculum with digital media. e- Space is composed of a set of exercises that emphasize the use of digital media to enhance spatial sensibility and understanding. Also, e- Space explores spatial composition including organization, interpretation, representation, transformation, and logicality. Simultaneously, diverse digital media applications integrated with design-thinking enables students to have conversation with ideas between two design spaces—real and virtual. Finally, we use an introductory digital media course as an example of our model in accompaniment with conventional design studio learning.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	2005_147
id	2005_147
authors	Lai, Ih-Cheng
year	2005
title	Infilling Time into Space - A Pedagogical Approach for Evolving Space Using Digital Media
source	Digital Design: The Quest for New Paradigms [23nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-3-2] Lisbon (Portugal) 21-24 September 2005, pp. 147-154
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2005.147
summary	This paper presents a pedagogical approach to explore the relationships between time and space by using digital media. Based on a pedagogical model called e-Space proposed by Lai (2004), we apply motion as a spatial issue to approach this study. Through integrating with the characteristics of digital media, students are encouraged to evolve architectural space and form by decomposing, re-organizing, interpreting and realizing the spatial composition. Simultaneously, diverse digital media applications integrated with design thinking in a design process enables students to bridge two design spaces - physical and virtual. This process introduces the students to a new approach of design-creation and form finding. Finally, we use an advanced digital media course as an example to understand the impacts of the pedagogical approach. The students’ outcomes are also reported in this paper
keywords	Digital Media, Pedagogy, Motion, Design Space, Design Learning
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	2004_136
id	2004_136
authors	Mullins, Michael and Zupancic Strojan, Tadeja
year	2004
title	Depth Perception in CAVE and Panorama
source	Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 136-141
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.136
summary	This study compares aspects of spatial perception in a physical environment and its virtual representations in a CAVE and Panorama, derived from recent research. To measure accuracy of spatial perception, participants in an experiment were asked to look at identical objects in the three environments and then locate them and identify their shape on scaled drawings. Results are presented together with statistical analysis. In a discussion of the results, the paper addresses the two hypothetical assertions – that depth perception in physical reality and its virtual representations in CAVE and Panorama are quantifiably different, and that differences are attributable to prior contextual experience of the viewer. The role of prior or tacit knowledge in these environments is established from the empirical data. It is concluded that the CAVE offers a higher potential for spatial experience and learning than the Panorama. The results also suggests that knowledge gained in physical contexts is more readily transferred to its virtual simulation, while that gained in virtual experience is not reliably transferred to its equivalent physical context. The paper discusses implications for spatial ability, learning and training in virtual environments; in architectural education; and participatory design processes, in which the dialogue between real and imagined space may take place in virtual reality techniques.
keywords	Virtual Reality; Perception; Spatial Ability; Learning; Virtual Context
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	ddss2004_d-177
id	ddss2004_d-177
authors	Rafi, A., T. Hoai Nam, K. Jin Woo, and W. Lau
year	2004
title	InnotiveBrowser
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Developments in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Eindhoven: Eindhoven University of Technology, ISBN 90-6814-155-4, p. 177-191
summary	This paper explains the results of a collaborative research project between Multimedia University (Malaysia) and Innotive Corporation (Korea) to manage, design a multimedia archiving system and visualising knowledge for the students or the users in the Faculty of Creative Multimedia, Multimedia University. This research introduces InnotiveBrowser technology, a high performance multimedia display software that enhances the ability of user to search and discover digital content. The unique result of this method is that the images to be viewed are not limited to available RAM, instead the content utilises the available storage directly from the disk (hard drives). In other words, the larger the size of the hard disk, the greater the number of content information can be stored and displayed. This system is employed with Virtual Reality (VR) techniques particularly imparting viewing technology (pixel-ondemand) and navigation strategy to increase the viewing speed of multimedia information in real-time over the Internet, broadband and even via PDA platforms. This research hopes to set the benchmark for multimedia archiving system that can be applied in other CAD, CAAD or most of the design or production-based teaching and learning environment. The early findings of this research have been patented and this paper will demonstrate the research ideas and explain how we implement and customise the technology and content development in the Faculty of Creative Multimedia, Multimedia University.
keywords	InnotiveBrowser, Digital Asset Management, Multimedia Archiving, VR Technology
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	511caadria2004
id	511caadria2004
authors	Yehuda E. Kalay, Yongwook Jeong, Seungwook Kim, Jaewook Lee
year	2004
title	Virtual Learning Environments
source	CAADRIA 2004 [Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 89-7141-648-3] Seoul Korea 28-30 April 2004, pp. 871-890
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2004.871
summary	Cyberspace, an information space created through ubiquitously networked computers, has been transformed from fiction to fact in the past decade thanks to the advent of the World Wide Web. Although it can only be experienced through the mediation of computers, it is quickly becoming an alternative stage for everyday economic, cultural, and other human activities. As such, there is a potential and a need to design it according to architectural principles, rather than the prevailing document (page) metaphor. This need is most evident in learning environments, which rely on social and contextual attributes as much as they rely on content. This paper describes the underlying theory and our efforts to develop such virtual learning environments, and the software that allows users to access and inhabit them.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

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