Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

PDF papers
References

Hits 1 to 20 of 568

Reformat results as: short short into frame detailed detailed into frame

_id	acadia04_176
id	acadia04_176
authors	Loukissas, Yanni and Sass, Lawrence
year	2004
title	RULEBUILDING (3D PRINTING: OPERATORS, CONSTRAINTS, SCRIPTS)
source	Fabrication: Examining the Digital Practice of Architecture [Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture and the 2004 Conference of the AIA Technology in Architectural Practice Knowledge Community / ISBN 0-9696665-2-7] Cambridge (Ontario) 8-14 November, 2004, 176-185
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2004.176
summary	3-D printers alter the speed, cost, complexity, and consistency with which physical architecture models can be crafted. If architects are to harness the unique abilities of this modeling process, it is necessary to find a complementary means of conceptualizing designs and generating the geometric data necessary for 3-D printing. This paper introduces a novel combination of 3-D printing and scripting through three examples of architectural surface models. In these examples, VBScript is used to write generative scripts for execution within the Rhinoceros modeling environment. The scripts produce digital geometric models which, in turn, are exported to a Z-Corp 3-D printer. The merits of this methodology are demonstrated, in one example, through models of an architectural surface composed of light-modulating conical components. The design intent in this example is a grid of responsive components which ride on a complex curved surface and steer toward a light. The written script is an explicit representation of this intention. Methods in the script use external parameters to generate a digital geometric model. The form of the subsequent printed model is calculated as a function of the initial parameters, two boundary splines and a vector indicating the orientation of the light. By varying these parameters, a set of design options can be generated and 3-D printed for comparison. The combination of scripting and 3-D printing allows complex design intentions to be managed in a concise, sharable format and modeled iteratively without manual intervention.
keywords	Generative, Scripting, Rapid Prototyping, 3-D Printing, Architectural Design
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	acadia08_072
id	acadia08_072
authors	Frumar, Jerome
year	2008
title	An Energy Centric Approach to Architecture: Abstracting the material to co-rationalize design and performance
source	Silicon + Skin: Biological Processes and Computation, [Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) / ISBN 978-0-9789463-4-0] Minneapolis 16-19 October 2008, 72-81
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2008.072
summary	This paper begins by exploring matter as an aggregated system of energy transactions and modulations. With this in mind, it examines the notion of energy driven form finding as a design methodology that can simultaneously negotiate physical, environmental and fabrication considerations. The digital workspace enables this notion of form finding to re-establish itself in the world of architecture through a range of analytic tools that algorithmically encode real world physics. Simulating the spatial and energetic characteristics of reality enables virtual “form generation models that recognize the laws of physics and are able to create ‘minimum’ surfaces for compression, bending [and] tension” (Cook 2004). The language of energy, common in engineering and materials science, enables a renewed trans-disciplinary dialogue that addresses significant historic disjunctions such as the professional divide between architects and engineers. Design becomes a science of exploring abstracted energy states to discover a suitable resonance with which to tune the built environment. ¶ A case study of one particular method of energy driven form finding is presented. Bi-directional Evolutionary Structural Optimization (BESO) is a generative engineering technique developed at RMIT University. It appropriates natural growth strategies to determine optimum forms that respond to structural criteria by reorganizing their topology. This dynamic topology response enables structural optimization to become an integrated component of design exploration. A sequence of investigations illustrates the flexibility and trans-disciplinary benefits of this approach. Using BESO as a tool for design rather than purely for structural optimization fuses the creative approach of the architect with the pragmatic approach of the engineer, enabling outcomes that neither profession could develop in isolation. The BESO case study alludes to future design processes that will facilitate a coherent unfolding of design logic comparable to morphogenesis.
keywords	Energy; Form-Finding; Morphogenesis; Optimization; Structure
series	ACADIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	sigradi2006_e028c
id	sigradi2006_e028c
authors	Griffith, Kenfield; Sass, Larry and Michaud, Dennis
year	2006
title	A strategy for complex-curved building design:Design structure with Bi-lateral contouring as integrally connected ribs
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 465-469
summary	Shapes in designs created by architects such as Gehry Partners (Shelden, 2002), Foster and Partners, and Kohn Peterson and Fox rely on computational processes for rationalizing complex geometry for building construction. Rationalization is the reduction of a complete geometric shape into discrete components. Unfortunately, for many architects the rationalization is limited reducing solid models to surfaces or data on spread sheets for contractors to follow. Rationalized models produced by the firms listed above do not offer strategies for construction or digital fabrication. For the physical production of CAD description an alternative to the rationalized description is needed. This paper examines the coupling of digital rationalization and digital fabrication with physical mockups (Rich, 1989). Our aim is to explore complex relationships found in early and mid stage design phases when digital fabrication is used to produce design outcomes. Results of our investigation will aid architects and engineers in addressing the complications found in the translation of design models embedded with precision to constructible geometries. We present an algorithmically based approach to design rationalization that supports physical production as well as surface production of desktop models. Our approach is an alternative to conventional rapid prototyping that builds objects by assembly of laterally sliced contours from a solid model. We explored an improved product description for rapid manufacture as bilateral contouring for structure and panelling for strength (Kolarevic, 2003). Infrastructure typically found within aerospace, automotive, and shipbuilding industries, bilateral contouring is an organized matrix of horizontal and vertical interlocking ribs evenly distributed along a surface. These structures are monocoque and semi-monocoque assemblies composed of structural ribs and skinning attached by rivets and adhesives. Alternative, bi-lateral contouring discussed is an interlocking matrix of plywood strips having integral joinery for assembly. Unlike traditional methods of building representations through malleable materials for creating tangible objects (Friedman, 2002), this approach constructs with the implication for building life-size solutions. Three algorithms are presented as examples of rationalized design production with physical results. The first algorithm [Figure 1] deconstructs an initial 2D curved form into ribbed slices to be assembled through integral connections constructed as part of the rib solution. The second algorithm [Figure 2] deconstructs curved forms of greater complexity. The algorithm walks along the surface extracting surface information along horizontal and vertical axes saving surface information resulting in a ribbed structure of slight double curvature. The final algorithm [Figure 3] is expressed as plug-in software for Rhino that deconstructs a design to components for assembly as rib structures. The plug-in also translates geometries to a flatten position for 2D fabrication. The software demonstrates the full scope of the research exploration. Studies published by Dodgson argued that innovation technology (IvT) (Dodgson, Gann, Salter, 2004) helped in solving projects like the Guggenheim in Bilbao, the leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy, and the Millennium Bridge in London. Similarly, the method discussed in this paper will aid in solving physical production problems with complex building forms. References Bentley, P.J. (Ed.). Evolutionary Design by Computers. Morgan Kaufman Publishers Inc. San Francisco, CA, 1-73 Celani, G, (2004) “From simple to complex: using AutoCAD to build generative design systems” in: L. Caldas and J. Duarte (org.) Implementations issues in generative design systems. First Intl. Conference on Design Computing and Cognition, July 2004 Dodgson M, Gann D.M., Salter A, (2004), “Impact of Innovation Technology on Engineering Problem Solving: Lessons from High Profile Public Projects,” Industrial Dynamics, Innovation and Development, 2004 Dristas, (2004) “Design Operators.” Thesis. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2004 Friedman, M, (2002), Gehry Talks: Architecture + Practice, Universe Publishing, New York, NY, 2002 Kolarevic, B, (2003), Architecture in the Digital Age: Design and Manufacturing, Spon Press, London, UK, 2003 Opas J, Bochnick H, Tuomi J, (1994), “Manufacturability Analysis as a Part of CAD/CAM Integration”, Intelligent Systems in Design and Manufacturing, 261-292 Rudolph S, Alber R, (2002), “An Evolutionary Approach to the Inverse Problem in Rule-Based Design Representations”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 329-350 Rich M, (1989), Digital Mockup, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Reston, VA, 1989 Schön, D., The Reflective Practitioner: How Professional Think in Action. Basic Books. 1983 Shelden, D, (2003), “Digital Surface Representation and the Constructability of Gehry’s Architecture.” Diss. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2003 Smithers T, Conkie A, Doheny J, Logan B, Millington K, (1989), “Design as Intelligent Behaviour: An AI in Design Thesis Programme”, Artificial Intelligence in Design, 293-334 Smithers T, (2002), “Synthesis in Designing”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 3-24 Stiny, G, (1977), “Ice-ray: a note on the generation of Chinese lattice designs” Environmental and Planning B, volume 4, pp. 89-98
keywords	Digital fabrication; bilateral contouring; integral connection; complex-curve
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	ijac20032109
id	ijac20032109
authors	Lang, Silke
year	2004
title	Interactive Spaces for Advanced Communication using 3D Video
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 2 - no. 1
summary	Architects integrate more and more modern information technologies in their projects. Based on this background the use of 3D video in an architectural context is discussed. The combination of real-time 3D video and blue-c technology for a distributed shopping experience in shared virtual shops is described. IN: SHOP illustrates an approach to enhance physical environments in shopping areas and connects geographically distant persons. These technologies offer new architectural design possibilities. The traditional understanding of location, space, and time may be redefined. Interactive spaces are being designed, modified and experienced. We believe that information technologies have an impact on buildings and architecture.
series	journal
email
more	http://www.multi-science.co.uk/ijac.htm
last changed	2007/03/04 07:08

_id	ascaad2004_paper15
id	ascaad2004_paper15
authors	Mallasi, Z.
year	2004
title	Identification and Visualisation of Construction Activities’ Workspace Conflicts Utilising 4D CAD/VR Tools
source	eDesign in Architecture: ASCAAD's First International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design, 7-9 December 2004, KFUPM, Saudi Arabia
summary	This work addresses the problem arising on all construction sites: the occurrence of workspace interference between construction activities. From a site space planning context, this problem can lead to an inevitable roadblock to the progress of the scheduled construction operations. In real situations, when the spatial congestions occur, they could reduce productivity of workers sharing the same workspace and may cause health and safety hazard issues. The aim of this paper is on presenting a computer-based method and developed tool to assist site managers in the assignment and identification of workspace conflicts. The author focuses on the concept of ‘visualising space competition’ between the construction activities. The concept is based on a unique representation of the dynamic behaviour of activity workspace in 3D space and time. An innovative computer-based tool dubbed PECASO (Patterns Execution and Critical Analysis of Site-space Organisation) has been developed. The emerging technique of 4D (3D + time) visualisation has been chosen to yield an interesting 4D space planning and visualisation tool. A multi-criteria function for measuring the severity of the workspace congestions is designed, embedding the spatial and schedule related criteria. The paper evaluates the PECASO approach in order to minimise the workspace congestions, using a real case study. The paper concludes that the PECASO approach reduces the number of competing workspaces and the conflicting volumes between occupied workspace, which in turn produces better assessment to the execution strategy for a given project schedule. The system proves to be a promising tool for 4D space planning; in that it introduces a new way of communicating the programme of work.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

_id	314caadria2004
id	314caadria2004
authors	Ying-Shiu Huang, Jainyou Lee
year	2004
title	The New Combination of Digital Sketching and Modeling Process in Idea-Developing Stage
source	CAADRIA 2004 [Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / ISBN 89-7141-648-3] Seoul Korea 28-30 April 2004, pp. 545-556
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2004.545
summary	With the introduction of the computer into different forms of digital applications in the design process, Mitchell strongly recommended a wider application of the new technology in the design process -- implying the mutual influence between physical architecture and the sketches, and between physical and digital models. Most important is the possibility of using computer aided design (CAD) to develop ideas in early design stage. During the developing idea stage, the traditional design process from sketching drawings to forming ideas has been transformed to a process where the idea directly proceeds to computer modeling. The aim of this approach is to tackle the above issues created by the introduction of computer technology, trying to produce the same possibilities during the computer modeling process as that in the cognitive behavior of sketching. Also, the designer usually realizes the abstract concepts with the aid of the 2D sketches and the 3D physical models; but between the traditional sketches and the models, a large degree of disagreement always exists. Therefore, this work aims to develop a new formula for employing digital media, which will enable the designer to envisage 2D sketches and computer models simultaneously. In this scenario, the designer can remain aware of cognitive behavior in sketching while constructing computer models.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	sigradi2004_047
id	sigradi2004_047
authors	Antonio Almagro Gorbea; Ana Almagro Vidal; José Antonio Fernández Ruiz; Miguel González Garrido
year	2004
title	Madinat al-zahraí: Investigación y representación [Madinat al-Zahraí: Investigation and Representation]
source	SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary	The virtual reconstruction of the archeological site of Madinat al-Zahra. in Córdoba (Spain) has permitted a new approach to the study and comprehension of this palatine city as well as to the typologies of Islamic architecture in Al-Andalus during the 10th century. Starting from fieldwork and from a photogrammetric survey of the site, the digital model has become a highly qualified tool in the research process. Through virtual navigation, it allows to learn new aspects about spatial configuration of this characteristic constructions that configure the basis for the development of further architectures during the following centuries. Furthermore, being conscious that knowledge is basic for cultural heritage preservation, this 3D reconstruction model is an important instrument for general dissemination and for implementing a visit to this significant case of Islamic architecture in Spain.
keywords	Islamic architecture, computer graphics, virtual reconstruction, 3D modeling
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	avocaad_2003_06
id	avocaad_2003_06
authors	Arturo F. Montagu and Juan Pablo Cieri
year	2003
title	Urbamedia - Development of an urban database of fragments of some Argentinian and Latin-American cities using digital technology
source	LOCAL VALUES in a NETWORKED DESIGN WORLD - ADDED VALUE OF COMPUTER AIDED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Stellingwerff, Martijn and Verbeke, Johan (Eds.), (2004) DUP Science - Delft University Press, ISBN 90-407-2507-1.
summary	The proposal of "Urbamedia" is to undertake the development of 3D virtual and interactive models of historical areas of Latin-American cities. The selected zone is the "Mayo Avenue" including the "Mayo Square", an historical place of the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina; this project is financed by the National Agency of Scientific and Technological Development of Argentina and the University of Buenos Aires.We are presenting the first experimental model of the "Mayo Square" that has been developed at ABACUS, Department of Architecture & Building Aids Computer Unit, University of Strathclyde UK. combined with a system analysis of urban activities using the “Atlas.ti” CAQDAS software.This particular use of the “Atlas.ti” software is under experimental applications to this type of urban analysis procedures; allowed us the possibility to analysed a set of activities by means of graph theory as result of a series of interviews to the people working in the area. We are also looking to include historical areas of three cities: Mar del Plata, Rosario and Santa Fe (Argentina) and eventually other cities from Latin América as Rio de Janeiro and Habana.Due that ABACUS has a strong experience in city modelling plus the powerful software and hardware used there, we must develop a VRML customized menu to be adapted to our low cost PC equipment. The 3D model will be used mainly in urban design simulation procedures and the idea is to extend to other type of simulations of the environmental parameters.
keywords	Architecture, Local values, Globalisation, Computer Aided Architectural Design
series	AVOCAAD
email
last changed	2006/01/16 21:38

_id	ddss2004_ra-177
id	ddss2004_ra-177
authors	Ballas, D., R. Kingston, and J. Stillwell
year	2004
title	Using a Spatial Microsimulation Decision Support System for Policy Scenario Analysis
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Recent Advances in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN: 1-4020-2408-8, p. 177-191
summary	This paper discusses the potential of a spatial microsimulation-based decision support system for policy analysis. The system can be used to describe current conditions and issues in neighbourhoods, predict future trends in the composition and health of neighbourhoods and conduct modelling and predictive analysis to measure the likely impact of policy interventions at the local level. A large dynamic spatial micro-simulation model is being constructed for the population of Leeds (approximately 715,000 individuals) based on spatial microsimulation techniques in conjunction with a range of data, including 2001 Census data for Output Areas and sample data from the British Household Panel Survey. The project has three main aims as follows: (i) to develop a static microsimulation model to describe current conditions in Leeds; (ii) to enable the performance of ‘What if?’ analysis on a range of policy scenarios; and (iii) to develop a dynamic microsimulation model to predict future conditions in Leeds under different policy scenarios. The paper reports progress in meeting the above aims and outlines the associated difficulties and data issues. One of the significant advantages of the spatial microsimulation approach adopted by this project is that it enables the user to query any combination of variables that is deemed desirable for policy analysis. The paper will illustrate the software tool being developed in the context of this project that is capable of carrying out queries of this type and of mapping their results. The decision support tool is being developed to support policy-makers concerned with urban regeneration and neighbourhood renewal.
keywords	Spatial Microsimulation, Spatial Decision Support Systems, Geotools
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	ddss2004_ra-161
id	ddss2004_ra-161
authors	Bandini, S., S. Manzoni, and G. Vizzari
year	2004
title	Crowd Modeling and Simulation
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Recent Advances in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN: 1-4020-2408-8, p. 161-175
summary	The paper introduces a Multi Agent Systems (MAS) approach to crowd modelling and simulation, based on the Situated Cellular Agents (SCA) model. This is a special class of Multilayered Multi Agent Situated System (MMASS), exploiting basic elements of Cellular Automata. In particular SCA model provides an explicit spatial representation and the definition of adjacency geometries, but also a concept of autonomous agent, provided with an internal architecture, an individual state and behaviour. The latter provides different means of space-mediated interaction among agents: synchronous, between adjacent agents, and asynchronous among at-a-distance entities. Heterogeneous entities may be modelled through the specification of different agent types, defining different behaviours and perceptive capabilities. After a brief description of the model, its application to simple crowd behaviours will be given, and an application providing the integration of a bidimensional simulator based on this model and a 3D modelling application (3D Studio) will also be described. The adoption of this kind of system allows the specification and simulation of an architectural design with reference to the behaviour of entities that will act in it. The system is also able to easily produce a realistic visualization of the simulation, in order to facilitate the evaluation of the design and the communication with involved decision-makers. In fact, while experts often require only abstract and analytical results deriving from a quantitative analysis of simulation results, other people involved in the decision-making process related to the design may be helped by qualitative aspects better represented by other forms of graphical visualization.
keywords	Multi-Agent Systems, 3D modelling, Simulation
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	ddss2004_ra-247
id	ddss2004_ra-247
authors	Bi, G. and B. Medjdoub
year	2004
title	Hybrid Approach to Solve Space Planning Problems in Building Services
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Recent Advances in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN: 1-4020-2408-8, p. 247-261
summary	In this paper an object-based CAD programming is used to take advantage of standardization to handle the schematic design, sizing, layout for services in a building ceiling void. From the specification of the building 3D model, our software proceeds through different steps; from the determination of the standard number and size of fan coils to the generation of 3D solutions. In order to deal with more complex geometry and larger problems, we have used a hybrid approach: Case Based Reasoning (CBR) within Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) approaches. In practice, engineers in building services use previous solutions and adapt them to new problems. CBR mirrors this practical approach and does help us to deal with increasingly complex geometry effectively, and meanwhile CSP has been used for layout adaptation. The results have shown that it is possible to define and implement standard solutions to produce designs comparable with current practice. The benchmarking exercise has underlined many advantages and made some suggestions for further development. This project is funded by The Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) in UK.
keywords	Case-Based Reasoning, Constraint Satisfaction Problem, Ceiling Voids Layout, Complex Geometry, Large Problem
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	2004_312
id	2004_312
authors	Burry, J., Felicetti, P., Tang, J., Burry, M. and Xie, M.
year	2004
title	Dynamical Structural Modeling - A Collaborative Design Exploration
source	Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 312-317
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.312
summary	This paper will report on a generative performative modeling approach that engages architects and structural engineers in close dialog. We focus on knowledge shared between architects and engineers to apply the Finite Element Analysis based structural design technique Evolutionary Structural Optimization [ESO] as a way to understand or corroborate the performance factors that are significant in determining architectural form. ESO is very close conceptually to the dynamical system of matter and forces of growth itself. It has parallels both mathematical and metaphorical with natural evolution and morphogenesis so it has been poignant to apply the approach to a formal architectural case study in which the generative influence of these processes is inherent.
keywords	Evolutionary Structural Optimization; Finite Element Analysis; Architect Engineer Collaboration; Performance-Based Design; Form Finding
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	sigradi2004_501
id	sigradi2004_501
authors	Celestino Soddu
year	2004
title	Argenìa, artificial dna and visionary variations
source	SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary	Argenìa is a Generative System activating a process that is analogous to a genetic code and that forms the basis of artificial worlds. It is a design activity, whose aim is not only to obtain a single result. It is an executable code that is capable of producing infinite variations during its evolutionary process. This is an inspiring experience. We can reread the meta-design approach of the sixties as a concrete realization of three-dimensional models, belonging to a species.
keywords	Generative, DNA, Architecture, Transformation, Variations
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:48

_id	ddss2008-33
id	ddss2008-33
authors	Charlton, James A.; Bob Giddings and Margaret Horne
year	2008
title	A survey of computer software for the urban designprocess
source	H.J.P. Timmermans, B. de Vries (eds.) 2008, Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, ISBN 978-90-6814-173-3, University of Technology Eindhoven, published on CD
summary	Urban design is concerned with the shape, the surface and the physical arrangement of all kinds of urban elements, the basic components that make up the built environment, at the level of buildings, spaces and human activities. It is also concerned with the non-visual aspects of the environment, such as noise, wind and temperature and humidity. The city square is a particular urban element which can take many forms and its geometrical relationships such as maximum dimensions, ratio of width to length and building height to length have been analysed for centuries (Alberti 1475), (Vitruvius 1550), (Sitte 1889), (Corbett 2004). Within the current urban design process there are increasing examples of three dimensional computer representations which allow the user to experience a visual sense of the geometry of city squares in an urban landscape. Computer-aided design and Virtual Reality technologies have recently contributed to this visual assessment, but there have been limited attempts at 3D computer representations which allow the user to experience a greater sense of the urban space. This paper will describe a survey of computer tools which could support a more holistic approach to urban design and which could be used to simulate a number of urban texture and urban quality aspects. It will provide a systematic overview of currently available software that could support the simulation of building density, height, colour and style as well as conditions relating to noise, shading, heat, natural and artificial light. It will describe a methodology for the selection and filtering of appropriate computer applications and offer an initial evaluation of these tools for the analysis and representation of the three-dimensional geometry, urban texture and urban quality of city centre spaces. The paper is structured to include an introduction to the design criteria relating to city centre spaces which underpins this research. Next the systematic review of computer software will be described, and selected tools will undergo initial evaluation. Finally conclusions will be drawn and areas for future research identified.
keywords	Urban design, Software identification, 3D modelling, Pedestrian modelling, Wind modelling, Noise mapping, Thermal comfort, VR Engine
series	DDSS
last changed	2008/09/01 17:06

_id	ddss2004_ra-33
id	ddss2004_ra-33
authors	Diappi, L., P. Bolchim, and M. Buscema
year	2004
title	Improved Understanding of Urban Sprawl Using Neural Networks
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Recent Advances in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN: 14020-2408-8, p. 33-49
summary	It is widely accepted that the spatial pattern of settlements is a crucial factor affecting quality of life and environmental sustainability, but few recent studies have attempted to examine the phenomenon of sprawl by modelling the process rather than adopting a descriptive approach. The issue was partly addressed by models of land use and transportation which were mainly developed in the UK and US in the 1970s and 1980s, but the major advances were made in the area of modelling transportation, while very little was achieved in the area of spatial and temporal land use. Models of land use and transportation are well-established tools, based on explicit, exogenouslyformulated rules within a theoretical framework. The new approaches of artificial intelligence, and in particular, systems involving parallel processing, (Neural Networks, Cellular Automata and Multi-Agent Systems) defined by the expression “Neurocomputing”, allow problems to be approached in the reverse, bottom-up, direction by discovering rules, relationships and scenarios from a database. In this article we examine the hypothesis that territorial micro-transformations occur according to a local logic, i.e. according to use, accessibility, the presence of services and conditions of centrality, periphericity or isolation of each territorial “cell” relative to its surroundings. The prediction capabilities of different architectures of supervised Neural networks are implemented to the south Metropolitan area of Milan at two different temporal thresholds and discussed. Starting from data on land use in 1980 and 1994 and by subdividing the area into square cells on an orthogonal grid, the model produces a spatial and functional map of urbanisation in 2008. An implementation of the SOM (Self Organizing Map) processing to the Data Base allows the typologies of transformation to be identified, i.e. the classes of area which are transformed in the same way and which give rise to territorial morphologies; this is an interesting by-product of the approach.
keywords	Neural Networks, Self-Organizing Maps, Land-Use Dynamics, Supervised Networks
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	2004_580
id	2004_580
authors	Dokonal, W., Martens, B. and Plösch, R.
year	2004
title	Creating and Using Virtual Cities
source	Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 580-585
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.580
summary	City modelling is a topic which has been on the agenda for a long time and two main approaches from different angles in this field can be identified. GIS experts have attempted over the years (in collaboration with programmers) to build information systems for cities by means of combining graphical information with related metadata. Architects also started to get involved in this field. However, they were mainly interested in the spatial aspects of a city model and created their own “city models” for different purposes. Today crucial questions concerning the creation itself are resolved, the vision of implementation into daily work becomes more and more important. In other words: “what to do” with the accumulated data. This paper intends to identify the core role of the architect in the field of 3D-city modelling.
keywords	Urban Modelling, 3D Modelling, GIS, Virtual Worlds, City Model
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	sigradi2004_110
id	sigradi2004_110
authors	Eliane Schlemmer; Luciana Backes; Aline Andrioli; Carine Barcellos Duarte
year	2004
title	Awsinos: Construção de um mundo virtual [Awsinos: Construction of a Virtual World]
source	SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary	The course Alternatives of Design is part of an integral viewpoint that aims to prepare architects from the Master Studies Department in Computing in Architecture (LUZ), in two ways: first, by expanding their perspective about potentialities of using new digital technologies in architecture, and second, by qualifying them to apply this acquired theoretical knowledge in their professional environment. The objectives of this paper are to describe the program of this course and to show products (2003), from the introductory to the final presentation of Virtual Museums of Interactive Sculptures, orientated and supervised both at site and at a distance through the Internet. As a result of this experience, a sample was obtained of virtual museums. design and modelling that illustrates what could be understood as virtual architecture with high degree of interaction, looking for the evolution, motivation and teamwork to incorporate virtual reality non-inmersive technologies in this new architectonic approach.
keywords	VRML, virtual museums, interactive sculptures, alternatives of design
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:51

_id	2004_184
id	2004_184
authors	Fatah gen. Schieck, Ava
year	2004
title	Using Multiple Input Devices
source	Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 184-194
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.184
summary	The field of computer graphics has developed significantly over the last decade. However, most current CAD systems support only the two most common input devices: a mouse and a keyboard. In addition to that few, if any, systems make it easy for the user or the programmer to add and use new input devices. People tend to use both hands to manipulate 3D real world objects; one hand is used to orient the object while the other hand is used to perform some operation on it. The same thing could be applied to computer modelling in the conceptual phase of the design process. Accordingly, the 3D object can be easily and intuitively changed through interactive manipulation of both hands. This paper investigates the manipulation and creation of free form geometries through the use of interactive interfaces with multiple input devices. It demonstrates that using multiple input devices can offer many opportunities for form generation resulting in visually rich forms. However, the experimental results demonstrated that regulations are needed to avoid developing inefficient two-handed interfaces.
keywords	Modelling Interactively, Architectural Design Tools at the Conceptual Phase, Affordable Low-Cost Solution, Multiple Input Devices MID
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	2004_500
id	2004_500
authors	Hanzl, Malgorzata and Wrona, Stefan
year	2004
title	Visual Simulation as a Tool for Planning Education - Computer Aided Participation Support
source	Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 500-507
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.500
summary	Contemporary computer techniques offer many new opportunities to engage citizens into the planning process. There are new possibilities of interaction, introducing an observer into the “game”. The research project presented in the paper assumes the use of a visual 3D language which consists of a series of schematic types of buildings. They form a language which is easy to understand both by professionals and by laymen. Understanding is the very first step towards getting convinced by the ideas presented. The next step is interaction - the user’s action induces the response of the system. The solution proposed by the user meets an evaluation from the part of the system which evokes the user’s interest - in the case presented here the evaluation introduces the simulation of future state of the site. The problem posed is to find out the best way to convince people that some places are less or more suitable for settlement, depending on the media present there, distance from the urban areas and the environment protection. The attempt to create a tool which could be helpful in an educational process is described in the paper. The idea is to prepare a form of a master plan record which uses the visual 3D language and may be accessed via World Wide Web pages. The paper formulates the assessments for the software described above and examines the possibility to create an application. The trial to prepare a web based service using the flash and shockwave technology is presented.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	sigradi2004_162
id	sigradi2004_162
authors	Isabel Amalia Medero Rocha
year	2004
title	A concepção arquitetônica em ambiente computacional, a ferramenta como fator interveniente durante a geração de idéias Paavi-projeto de arquitetura em ambientes virtuais interativos [The Conception of Architecture in a Computational Environment - The Tool as an Intervening Factor during the Generation of Ideas (Paavi- Architectural Project in Interactive Virtual Environments)]
source	SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary	This study presents the results obtained as of the teaching of architectural project at a digital workshop using the WEB environment and its graphic and textual interaction tools. Sketches and external and internal 3D modeling of the architectural object formed the corpus of this investigation. The architectural concept phase (generation of ideas) was given pedagogical emphasis, based on a core concept established by conceptual images and to which space, software and formal construction elements are subordinated. The computational tool was seen to become one of the agents in the idea generation process by assisting in the arrangement of the designer.s initial ideas and by establishing project procedures that use computer-based operations. These project procedures reconstruct the object perceived as architectural concept. The central notion in the architectural proposition is the decisive element in the choice and use of the graphic software in the design process, considering its different steps.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:53

For more results click below: